河北省秦皇岛市海港区某中学2025-2026学年高二上学期12月月考英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1河北省秦皇岛市海港区某中学2025-2026学年高二上学期12月月考英语试题一、听力选择题(略)二、阅读理解(共50分，每小题2.5分)AWelcometoMillyWillyhotel.Tomakeyourstaymorecomfortable,we’dlikeyoutofollowtherulesbelowduringyourstayatthehotel.BreakfastBreakfastatthedininghall:From7:00to10:00a.m.Youcanhaveitforfreeonthesecondfloorofthehotel.BreakfastIn-roombreakfast:From6:00to11:00a.m.Thepriceisontheservicepriceguideintheroom.PetsYoucanhavedogs(nomorethantwodogsaroom)staywithyoufor85adog.Dogsover40kgmustpayextra(额外的)20foreach.VisitorsYoumayhavevisitorsafterregistering(登记)atthefrontoffice.Buttheyhavetoleaveby10:00p.m.ParkingCarparkingisfreeforyou.1.Thebreakfastinthedininghallis________.A.delicious B.from7:00to10:00a.m. C.notfree D.onthethirdfloorofthehotel2.Ifyouhaveadogthatis50kg,youshouldpay________.A.$105 B.$85 C.$20 D.$1253.Whatcanweknowfromthetext?A.Visitorscanstayovernightintheroom.B.Oneroomcanhavemorethan2dogs.C.In-roombreakfaststartsat6a.m.D.Visitorsdon’thavetoregister.【答案】1.B2.A3.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了米莉威利酒店的早餐服务、宠物入住、访客接待及停车等相关规则，方便住客参考遵守。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据Breakfast部分中的“Breakfastatthedininghall:From7:00to10:00a.m.Youcanhaveitforfreeonthesecondfloorofthehotel.(餐厅早餐：上午7点至10点。可在酒店二楼免费享用)”可知，餐厅早餐的供应时间是上午7点到10点。故选B项。【2题详析】推理判断题。根据Pets部分中的“Youcanhavedogs(nomorethantwodogsaroom)staywithyoufor85adog.Dogsover40kgmustpayextra20foreach.(每间房可携带不超过两只狗，每只收费85。体重超过40公斤的狗，每只需额外支付20)”可知，50公斤的狗需支付85+20=105。故选A项。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据Breakfast部分中的“In-roombreakfast:From6:00to11:00a.m.Thepriceisontheservicepriceguideintheroom.(客房送餐早餐：上午6点至11点。价格详见客房内服务价目表)”可知，客房送餐早餐从早上6点开始供应。故选C项。BYuanLongping,aworld-famousChinesescientist,isknownasthe“FatherofHybridRice.”HewasborninBeijingin1930anddevotedhiswholelifetosolvingtheproblemofglobalhunger.Inthe1960s,Chinafacedseriousfoodshortages,andmanypeoplewenthungry.Yuanwasdeeplymovedbythisanddecidedtostudyrice,hopingtodevelopahigh-yieldricevarietythatcouldfeedmorepeople.Atthattime,mostscientiststhoughthybridricewasimpossibletodevelop.ButYuandidn’tgiveup.Heworkedinricefieldsforhourseveryday,eveninhotsummerorcoldwinter.Hecollectedthousandsofricesamplesanddidcountlessexperiments.Finally,in1973,hesuccessfullydevelopedthefirsthybridricevariety.Thisvarietyproduced20%morericeperunitareathantraditionalrice,whichmeansitcouldfeedmillionsmorepeopleeachyear.Overtheyears,Yuancontinuedtoimprovehybridrice.Hisresearchhasbeenintroducedtomanycountries,suchasIndia,Vietnam,andthePhilippines,helpingthesecountriesincreasetheirriceproduction.In2001,YuanwontheStateSupremeScienceandTechnologyAward,oneofChina’shighesthonors.Eveninhis80s,hestillworkedinthefields,tryingtodevelopbetterricevarieties.Yuan’sstoryshowsthatdedicationandperseverancecanmakegreatcontributionstohumanity.4.WhatisYuanLongpingknownas?A.The“FatherofSpaceStation”B.The“FatherofHybridRice”C.The“FatherofMalariaTreatment”D.The“FatherofHigh-SpeedTrains”5.WhydidYuanLongpingdecidetostudyrice?A.TomakemoremoneyB.TosolvetheproblemofglobalhungerC.TowininternationalawardsD.Toworkindifferentcountries6.WhendidYuanLongpingdevelopthefirsthybridricevariety?A.In1930 B.In1960C.In1973 D.In20017.WhichawarddidYuanLongpingwinin2001?A.TheNobelPrizeinPhysiologyorMedicineB.TheStateSupremeScienceandTechnologyAwardC.TheWorldFoodPrizeD.TheTuringAward【答案】4.B5.B6.C7.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了“杂交水稻之父”中国科学家——袁隆平的贡献以及事迹。他毕生致力于解决全球饥饿问题，成功研发出高产杂交水稻，帮助多国提高产量，还荣获了中国最高荣誉之一的国家最高科技奖。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“YuanLongping,aworld-famousChinesescientist,isknownasthe‘FatherofHybridRice.’(袁隆平，一位享誉全球的中国科学家，被誉为“杂交水稻之父”。)”可知，袁隆平被誉为“杂交水稻之父”。故选B。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“

HewasborninBeijingin1930anddevotedhiswholelifetosolvingtheproblemofglobalhunger.(他于1930年出生在北京，毕生致力于解决全球饥饿问题。)”以及“Yuanwasdeeplymovedbythisanddecidedtostudyrice,hopingtodevelopahigh-yieldricevarietythatcouldfeedmorepeople.(袁隆平对此深受触动，于是决定研究水稻，希望能培育出一种高产的水稻品种，以养活更多的人。)”可知，袁隆平决定研究水稻是为了解决全球饥饿问题。故选B。【6题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“Finally,in1973,hesuccessfullydevelopedthefirsthybridricevariety.(最终，在1973年，他成功培育出了首个杂交水稻品种。)”可知，袁隆平在1973年成功培育出了第一个杂交水稻品种。故选C。【7题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“

In2001,YuanwontheStateSupremeScienceandTechnologyAward,oneofChina’shighesthonors.

(2001年，袁隆平获得了国家最高科学技术奖，这是中国所设立的最高荣誉奖项之一。)”可知，袁隆平在2001年获得了中国最高荣誉之一的国家最高科学技术奖。故选B。CNAO,thefirstrobotabletoshowfeelings,hasbeencreatedbyaEuropeanresearchteam.WhenNAOissad,helowershisheadandlooksdown.Whenhe’shappy,heraiseshisarmsforahug.Nothingisoutoftheordinary,exceptthatNAOisarobot.“We’remodellingthefirstyearsoflife,”saysLolaCanamero,acomputerscientistattheUniversityofHertfordshire.“Thefeelingsareshownthroughphysicalgesturesandbodymovementsratherthanfacialorverbal(言语的)expressions.”Inthefuture,saysthescientist,robotsarelikelytoactascompanions,providesupportforoldpeople,andhelppeopleshoponline.Insuchuses,thedisplayofemotionwillbeimportantinmakingtheinteractions(交互)morenaturalandcomfortable.NAOhasbeenprogrammedtocopytheemotionalskillsofaone-­year­-oldchild.Itcanmemorisefaces,andknowsthebasicrulesofgoodandbad.Basedontheseitcandecidehowtoreacttowhatisgoingon.Theactionsgoingwitheachfeelingarepreprogrammed,butNAOdecidesforitselfwhentodisplaythem.NAOisalsoprogrammedtohavedifferentpersonalities.Amoreindependentrobotislesslikelytocallforhelpwhenexploringaroom,whileamorefearfulrobotwillshowdistressifitfindssomethingintheroomthatmaybeharmful.Canamero’steamwilltakeitsemotionalprogrammingforwardintomedicalapplications.Partoftheprojectwilllookatwaystouserobotsinhospitalstosupporttherolesofdoctors,nursesandparents.Childrenmightfindthatasmall,friendly­lookingrobotthatcanunderstandtheiremotionalstatesmakesthemlessanxious.“Wewanttoexploredifferentroles—therobotswillhelpthechildrentounderstandtheirtreatmentandexplainwhattheyhavetodo.Wewanttohelpthechildrentocontroltheiranxiety,”shesays.8.Accordingtothetext,whatdoweknowaboutNAO?A.Itdisplaysdifferentfeelingsindifferentsituations.B.Itisabletoimitateadultemotionaldisplays.C.Itcanrememberpeople’sfeelings.D.Itlearnsemotionsfromfacialexpressions.9.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.ScientistsworkedonfacialandspokenexpressionstocreateNAO’semotions.B.ThetimewhenNAOdisplaysfeelingshasbeenpre­programmed.C.Emotionalprogrammingisusedinmedicineproduction.D.Robotswithemotionalskillscanhelpchildrenfeelmorecomfortable.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“distress”inParagraph5probablymean?A.Courage. B.Anxiety.C.Anger. D.Satisfaction.11.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Therelationshipbetweenhumansandrobots.B.Therolesthatrobotsplayindifferentfields.C.Thefirstrobotabletoshowfeelings.D.Thelonghistoryofrobots.【答案】8.A9.D10.B11.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍欧洲研究团队研发的首个能表达情感的机器人NAO，包括其情感表达方式、功能及未来应用方向。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“WhenNAOissad,helowershisheadandlooksdown.Whenhe’shappy,heraiseshisarmsforahug.(当NAO难过时，他会低下头向下看。当他开心时，他会举起手臂寻求拥抱。)”可知，NAO能在不同情境下表现出不同的情感。故选A项。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Childrenmightfindthatasmall,friendly­lookingrobotthatcanunderstandtheiremotionalstatesmakesthemlessanxious.(孩子们可能会发现，一个看起来友好、能理解他们情绪状态的小机器人会让他们不那么焦虑。)”可知，具有情感技能的机器人能帮助孩子们感觉更舒适。故选D项。【10题详析】词句猜测题。根据第五段中的“Amoreindependentrobotislesslikelytocallforhelpwhenexploringaroomwhileamorefearfulrobotwillshowdistressifitfindssomethingintheroomthatmaybeharmful.(一个更具自主性的机器人在探查房间时，不太可能寻求帮助，而一个更胆小的机器人如果在房间里发现可能有害的东西，会表现出distress。)”可知，前面提到一个更独立的机器人在探索房间时很少寻求帮助，是独立完成任务的，句中的while表示对比，由此可以判断，后面是说一个胆怯的机器人如果在房间里发现可能有害的东西时会表现出焦虑，所以划线单词“distress”意为“焦虑”。故选B项。【11题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，根据首段中的“NAO,thefirstrobotabletoshowfeelings,hasbeencreatedbyaEuropeanresearchteam.(欧洲研究团队研发出首个能表达情感的机器人NAO。)”以及随后围绕NAO的情感表达、功能、编程及未来应用的介绍可知，本文主要介绍了由一个欧洲研究团队发明的第一个能够表达感情的机器人NAO。故选C项。DWhat’sthepurposeofyourstudy?It’sthequestionmanybasic-scienceresearchersfear.Andit’sthequestionthatCarlyAnneYorkreceived10yearsagofromavolunteer.Atthattime,YorkwasaPh.D.studentstudyingsquid(鱿鱼).Whenaskedwhymoneyshouldbespentonwhatthevolunteercalled“sillyscience,”Yorkcouldonlyrespondbystressingtheessentialvalueofknowledge.Today,York,ananimalphysiologist,stilldoesn’tknowhowherdoctoralresearchcandirectlybenefithumankind.Butafteradecadeofstudyinghowanimalsinteractwiththeirenvironments,Yorkhascometorealizethatthefocusonimmediateapplicationsisnotthegoalofbasicscience.Rather,itseekstodeeplyunderstandnaturalevents.Thatdoesn’tmeantheresearchisworthless.AsYorkdetailsinhernewbook,TheSalmonCannonandtheLevitatingFrog,projectsthatcouldbeconsideredsillyoruselesscanleadtoscientificadvancesthatbetterourlives.Takethestudyofseafireflies.Thetinycreature’sglow(发光)hadpuzzledscientistsfordecades.Researchersknewthatsomethingproducedtheshine,butmanyavoidedstudyingitbecauseitwasconsideredchallengingandprobablyuselesstohumans.ThatwasuntilJapanesechemistOsamuShimomurafounditin1956.Basedonthiswork,Shimomuraandhisteamdidfurtherresearchonjellyfish,andidentifiedtwooftheproteins(蛋白质)responsibleforitsglow,whichtransformedbiologicalresearchandmedicine.Forinstance,doctorsnowusetheproteinstobetterseeandavoidnerves(神经)duringsurgery,aswellastotrackthespreadofcancercellsinthebody.ThediscoveryearnedShimomurathe2008NobelPrizeinchemistry.Skillfullyusingherwisdom,Yorkremindsusinherbookthatit’snearlyimpossibleforascienceprojecttofollowadirectpaththatresultsinanimmediatelyapplicableoutcome.ThisbookisatimelyreminderespeciallywhentheU.S.governmentcutssciencefundingtoday.“Iamalsoappreciativeofthescientistswhobuiltthepathtoadvancebasicresearch,”Yorkwrites.“Ihopethatafterreadingthisbookyouwillbeaswell?”12.Whatcanweinferfromthequestioninthefirstparagraph?A.ThevalueofYork’sworkwasdoubted.B.MuchmoneywaswastedonYork’sstudy.C.Researchersfearedthefailureoftheirwork.D.Mostresearchworklackedspecificpurposes13.WhatisthegoalofbasicscienceaccordingtoYork?A.Tohaveimmediateapplications. B.Tocreatelife-changinginventions.C.Tounderstandthenaturalworld. D.Tobuildhuman-naturerelationship.14.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthestudyofseafireflies?A.Costlyandworthless. B.Importantbutfruitless.C.Practicalbutoutdated. D.Inspiringandrewarding15.WhatwouldYorkprobablysuggestaboutbasic-scienceresearch?A.Promotingtheoutcome. B.Shorteningtheprocess.C.Supportingthefunding. D.Improvingtheapplication.【答案】12.A13.C14.D15.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要围绕基础科学研究展开，通过讲述CarlyAnneYork的研究经历以及海萤研究的例子，探讨了基础科学研究的价值，强调基础科学研究虽不一定有立竿见影的应用成果，但对人类生活有着重要意义，同时呼吁支持基础科学研究的资金投入。【12题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Whenaskedwhymoneyshouldbespentonwhatthevolunteercalled“sillyscience,”Yorkcouldonlyrespondbystressingtheessentialvalueofknowledge.(当被问及为什么要把钱花在这位志愿者所说的“愚蠢的科学”上时，York只能强调知识的根本价值作为回应。)”可知，志愿者认为York研究的是“愚蠢的科学”，质疑为什么要在这上面花钱，由此可推断出York工作的价值受到了质疑。故选A项。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Butafteradecadeofstudyinghowanimalsinteractwiththeirenvironments,Yorkhascometorealizethatthefocusonimmediateapplicationsisnotthegoalofbasicscience.Rather,itseekstodeeplyunderstandnaturalevents.(但在花了十年时间研究动物如何与环境互动之后，York开始意识到，关注即时应用并非基础科学的目标。相反，基础科学旨在深入理解自然现象。)”可知，York认为基础科学的目的是深入了解自然事件，即了解自然世界。故选C项。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段“Takethestudyofseafireflies.Thetinycreature’sglow(发光)hadpuzzledscientistsfordecades.Researchersknewthatsomethingproducedtheshine,butmanyavoidedstudyingitbecauseitwasconsideredchallengingandprobablyuselesstohumans.ThatwasuntilJapanesechemistOsamuShimomurafounditin1956.Basedonthiswork,Shimomuraandhisteamdidfurtherresearchonjellyfish,andidentifiedtwooftheproteins(蛋白质)responsibleforitsglow,whichtransformedbiologicalresearchandmedicine.Forinstance,doctorsnowusetheproteinstobetterseeandavoidnerves(神经)duringsurgery,aswellastotrackthespreadofcancercellsinthebody.ThediscoveryearnedShimomurathe2008NobelPrizeinchemistry.(以对海萤的研究为例。这种微小生物的发光现象几十年来一直困扰着科学家。研究人员知道有某种物质产生了这种光亮，但许多人都避免研究它，因为这被认为具有挑战性，而且可能对人类无用。直到1956年日本化学家下村修发现了它。基于这项工作，下村修和他的团队对水母进行了进一步研究，并确定了两种导致其发光的蛋白质，这彻底改变了生物学研究和医学。例如，医生现在利用这些蛋白质在手术中更好地观察并避开神经，同时追踪癌细胞在体内的扩散。这一发现为下村修赢得了2008年诺贝尔化学奖。)”可知，起初该研究被认为具有挑战性且可能对人类无用，但后来基于此研究，科学家们有了重要发现，这些发现改变了生物研究和医学，相关研究者还获得了诺贝尔奖。由此可推知，对海萤的研究是富有启发性且有回报的。故选D项。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“ThisbookisatimelyreminderespeciallywhentheU.S.governmentcutssciencefundingtoday.“Iamalsoappreciativeofthescientistswhobuiltthepathtoadvancebasicresearch,”Yorkwrites.“Ihopethatafterreadingthisbookyouwillbeaswell?”(这本书是一个及时的提醒，尤其是在如今美国政府削减科学资金的情况下。“我也感激那些为推动基础研究开辟道路的科学家们，”约克写道。“我希望读完这本书后，你也会如此？”)”可推知，York可能会建议支持基础科学研究的资金投入。故选C项。三、七选五根据短文内容，从短文后所给的选项中，选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项，并将所选答案涂到答题卡的相应位置上。Howgreenareyou?Doyouknowhowtobegreen?Weallneedahealthyenvironment,butweproducewasteeverydayanditdoesharmtoourenvironment.Thoughweareyoung,wecanstilldosomethingtohelp.Infact,eventhesimplesteverydayactivitiescanmakearealdifferencetotheenvironment.____16____ReduceReducemeans“useless”.____17____Thissavesmoneyandreducespollutionandwastegoingintotheenvironment.Beforewebuysomethingnew,thinkwhetherit’sreallynecessaryormaybetheoldonewillbejustasgood.Whenwebuythings,chooselocalproductsifpossible,andtrynottobuytoomanythingsfromabroad.ReuseReusemeans“useagain”.Usethingsforaslongaspossible.Whenwebuythings,makesurethattheylastalongtime.Weshouldlookafterthemsothattheywilllast,andweshouldrepairthemifwecaninsteadofthrowingthemawayandbuyingnewones.____18____It’sbettertouseachina(瓷器)cupandalunchboxbecauseyoucanusethemagain.Recycle____19____Thoughittakesenergytochangesomethingintosomethingelse,it’sbetterthanthrowingthingsawayorburningthem.Findoutwhatcanberecycledinyourneighborhoodandtakepartinrecyclingprograms.Weshouldalsobuyproductsmadefromrecycledmaterials,suchasrecycledpaper,tohelpsavetrees.____20____A.Don’twastethings.B.Hereissomeadviceforyou.C.Don’tuseapapercuporapaperbag.D.It’simportantforustoknowhowtobeagreenperson.E.Recyclemeans“changethingsintosomethingelse”.F.Wearedifferentinsomeways,butalllivingthingsareconnected.G.Sopleaserememberthesethreewords:reduce,reuseandrecycle.【答案】16.B17.A18.C19.E20.G【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍践行绿色生活的三种方法，即减少消耗、重复利用和循环回收，助力保护环境。【16题详析】根据空前“Infact,eventhesimplesteverydayactivitiescanmakearealdifferencetotheenvironment.(事实上，即便是最简单的日常活动，也能对环境产生实实在在的影响。)”以及下文的“Reduce(减少消耗)”、“Reuse(重复利用)”和“Recycle(循环回收)”三个具体方法可知，此空应引出下文的环保建议，B选项“Hereissomeadviceforyou.(这里有一些建议给你。)”起到承上启下的作用，符合语境。故选B项。【17题详析】根据空前“Reducemeans“useless”.(减少消耗的意思是“少用一些”。)”以及空后“Thissavesmoneyandreducespollutionandwastegoingintotheenvironment.Beforewebuysomethingnew,thinkwhetherit’sreallynecessaryormaybetheoldonewillbejustasgood.(这能省钱，还能减少排入环境的污染物和废弃物。在买新东西之前，先想想它是不是真的有必要，或许旧的还能用。)”可知，此空应承接前文，强调减少消耗的核心是不浪费东西，A选项“Don’twastethings.(不要浪费东西。)”与后文的具体做法相呼应，符合语境。故选A项。【18题详析】根据空前“Weshouldlookafterthemsothattheywilllast,andweshouldrepairthemifwecaninsteadofthrowingthemawayandbuyingnewones.(我们应该好好爱惜物品，延长它们的使用寿命，能修的就修，而不是直接扔掉买新的。)”以及空后“It’sbettertouseachina(瓷器)cupandalunchboxbecauseyoucanusethemagain.(最好用瓷杯和饭盒，因为可以反复使用。)”可知，此空应列举不建议使用的一次性物品，C选项“Don’tuseapapercuporapaperbag.(不要使用纸杯或纸袋。)”与后文的可重复使用物品形成对比，符合语境。故选C项。【19题详析】根据空前的小标题“Recycle(循环回收)”以及空后“Thoughittakesenergytochangesomethingintosomethingelse,it’sbetterthanthrowingthingsawayorburningthem.(虽然把一样东西变成另一样东西需要消耗能源，但这比扔掉或烧掉它们要好得多。)”可知，此空应解释“循环回收”的定义，E选项“Recyclemeans“changethingsintosomethingelse”.(循环回收的意思是“把东西变成别的东西”。)”承接前文的小标题，且与后文的内容相呼应，符合语境。故选E项。【20题详析】分析语篇可知，此空应是全文的总结句，概括前文提到的三种环保方法。前文分别介绍了Reduce、Reuse和Recycle三个绿色生活的方法，G选项“Sopleaserememberthesethreewords:reduce,reuseandrecycle.(所以请记住这三个词：减少消耗、重复利用、循环回收。)”对全文内容进行了总结，符合语境。故选G项。四、完形填空(共15分，每小题1分)FarmingAgriculturehasalonghistoryinChina.Muchofthewisdom____21____byearlyChinesescientistsisstillusefultoday.OneofChina'searly____22____scientistswasJiaSixie.Hespenthistimedoing____23____intoagriculture.Hecollectedinformation,didexperimentsandlearnedfromthe____24____offarmers.HewroteabookaboutfarmingcalledQiminYaoshu《齐民要术》.Itisa____25____guideforfarming.Firstly,asafarmeryoushoulddothingsattherighttime.Ifyousowseedsand____26____youngplantsatthecorrecttimeoftheyear,yourworkwillbelessandthe____27____willbebetter.Butifyou____28____nature,anddothingsatthewrongtime,youwillhavetodomoreworkandtheresultswon'tbesogood.The____29____ofthesoilisalsoveryimportant.Iftheconditionofyoursoilisnotgood,youshould____30____it.Moreover,thebestharvestisreachedwhenfarmers____31____thecropsintheirfields.Forexample,donotplantrice____32____inthesamefield.Butifyouplantriceinafieldoneyearandwheatnextyear,youwill____33____goodcrops.Otherscientistssaidthatwheatshouldbeplantedwith____34____betweentheplants,butJiaSixiedidexperimentsand____35____thatplantingwheatclosetogetherisbetter.21.A.discovered B.recovered C.reported D.repeated22.A.industrial B.agricultural C.cultural D.commercial23.A.search B.research C.experiment D.movement24.A.adventures B.advantages C.tradition D.experience25.A.practical B.logical C.similar D.regular26.A.drop B.increase C.grow D.throw27.A.dreams B.endings C.hopes D.results28.A.argueagainst B.goagainst C.competewith D.dealwith29.A.application B.situation C.condition D.addition30.A.measure B.improve C.protect D.repair31.A.keep B.check C.manage D.change32.A.oneafteranother B.hereandthere C.nowandthen D.yearafteryear33.A.win B.collect C.harvest D.plant34.A.holes B.lines C.space D.balance35.A.showed B.meant C.intended D.decided【答案】21.A22.B23.B24.D25.A26.C27.D28.B29.C30.B31.D32.D33.C34.C35.A【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国农业的悠久历史，特别是贾思勰的农业研究及其著作《齐民要术》中的实用农业指导原则。【21题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：农业在中国有着悠久的历史。早期中国科学家发现的许多智慧在今天仍然有用。A.discovered发现；B.recovered恢复；C.reported报道；D.repeated重复。根据空格前的wisdom和下文的scientists可知，此处是指“被科学家发现的”智慧。故选A项。【22题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：贾思勰是中国早期的农业科学家之一。A.industrial工业的；B.agricultural农业的；C.cultural文化的；D.commercial商业的。根据下文的agriculture可知，此处是指“农业的”科学家。故选B项。【23题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他把时间花在研究农业上。A.search搜寻；B.research研究；C.experiment实验；D.movement移动。根据下文“Hecollectedinformation,didexperiments(他收集信息，做实验)”可知，此处是指“研究”农业。故选B项。【24题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他收集资料，做实验，学习农民的经验。A.adventures冒险；B.advantages优点；C.tradition传统；D.experience经验。根据上文“acquaintance”可知，他花时间研究农业，所以他学习的对象应该是与农业相关的知识或实践，农民的“经验”是农业研究的重要来源，符合句子的逻辑和语境。故选D项。【25题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一本实用的耕作指南。A.practical实用的；B.logical逻辑的；C.similar相似的；D.regular定期的。根据下文“guideforfarming(耕作指南)”可知，这本书是关于农业的指南，因此空格处最合适的形容词是“practical(实用的)”，用它强调这本书在实际农业操作中的实用性。故选A项。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你在一年中正确的时间播种和种植幼苗，你的工作将会减少，结果将会更好。A.drop掉落；B.increase增加；C.grow生长；D.throw扔。根据上文的“sowseeds(播种)”可知，此处是指“种植”幼苗。故选C项。【27题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.dreams梦想；B.endings结尾；C.hopes希望；D.results结果。根据上文“Ifyousowseedsandyoungplantsatthecorrecttimeoftheyear”以及下文“theresults”可知，如果农民在正确的时间播种和种植，他们的工作会减少，所以此处指“结果”会更好。故选D项。【28题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：但如果你违背自然规律，在错误的时间做事，你将不得不做更多的工作，结果不会那么好。A.argueagainst反驳；B.goagainst违背；C.competewith与……竞争；D.dealwith处理。根据下文“dothingsatthewrongtime(在错误的时间做事)”可知，此处是指“违背”自然规律。故选B项。【29题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：土壤的状况也很重要。A.application申请；B.situation情况；C.condition条件；D.addition增加。根据下文“Iftheconditionofyoursoilisnotgood(如果你的土壤条件不好)”可知，此处是指土壤“条件”。故选C项。【30题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你的土壤条件不好，你应该改善它。A.measure测量；B.improve改善；C.protect保护；D.repair修理。根据上文“Theofthesoilisalsoveryimportant”可知，土壤条件很重要，所以此处是指要“改善”土壤。故选B项。【31题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：此外，最好的收成是在农民更换田里的作物时获得的。A.keep保持；B.check检查；C.manage管理；D.change改变。根据上文“thebestharvestisreached(最好的收成就到了)”可知，此处是指“更换”田里作物能获得好的收成。故选D项。【32题详析】考查短语辨析。句意：例如，不要在同一块地里年复一年地种植水稻。A.oneafteranother一个接一个地；B.hereandthere到处；C.nowandthen偶尔；D.yearafteryear年复一年。根据下文“inthesamefield(在同一块地里)”可知，此处是指不要“年复一年地”重复在一块地种植水稻，这才能有好收成。故选D项。【33题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是，如果你今年在一块地里种水稻，明年种小麦，你就会收获好收成。A.win获胜；B.collect收集；C.harvest收获；D.plant种植。根据上文“Butifyouplantriceinafieldoneyearandwheatnextyear,(但如果你今年在一块地里种水稻，明年种小麦，)”可知，此处是指“收获”好收成。故选C项。【34题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：其他科学家说，小麦应该在植株之间留出空间种植，但贾思勰做了实验，表明紧密种植小麦更好。A.holes洞穴；B.lines线条；C.space空间；D.balance平衡。根据下文“betweentheplants”可知，此处是指在植株之间留出“空间”种植。故选C项。【35题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.showed展示；B.meant意味着；C.intended打算；D.decided决定。根据下文“plantingwheatclosetogetherisbetter.(小麦挨着种比较好。)”可知，此处贾思勰通过实验“展示”了这一结论。故选A项。五、语法填空(共15分，每小题1.5分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TheLantern(灯笼)Festivalis____36____importantChinesefestival.Doyouknow____37____theLanternFestivalstarted?It____38____(celebrate)onthefifteenthdayoftheChineseNewYear.SeveraldaysbeforetheLanternFestival,webegintomakelanterns.Allkindsof____39____(lantern)shinebrightlyagainstthedarknightsky.OntheLanternFestival,wegooutsidetohavealookatthe____40____(wonder)lanternsandguesstheriddles(谜语)onthelanterns.Weusuallygetaprizeby____41____(give)therightanswer.Wecanenjoythecolorfullanternsandwatch____42____(tradition)Chineseliondanceperformances.Wewillpreparetastysweetdumplingsinthemorningfor____43____(we)familyandfriendstoenjoyintheevening.It’smyfavouritefestival____44____Icanspendtimewithmyfamily._____45_____anicedayitis!【答案】36.an37.how38.iscelebrated39.lanterns40.wonderful41.giving42.traditional43.our44.because##as##since45.What【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍中国元宵节的起源时间、节日习俗及作者喜爱这个节日的原因。【36题详析】考查冠词。句意：元宵节是中国一个重要的节日。festival为可数名词单数，意为“节日”，空前无限定词，所以此处使用冠词，结合句意，此处泛指“一个重要的节日”，important是以元音音素开头的单词，用不定冠词an。故填an。【37题详析】考查宾语从句。句意：你知道元宵节是如何起源的吗？此处引导宾语从句，作know的宾语，从句中缺少方式状语，表示“如何”，用连接副词how。故填how。【38题详析】考查动词时态和语态。句意：它在中国新年的第十五天被庆祝。此处为谓语动词，描述客观事实用一般现在时，It指代TheLanternFestival，与celebrate为被动关系，所以谓语动词为iscelebrated。故填iscelebrated。【39题详析】考查名词复数。句意：各式各样的灯笼在漆黑的夜空下闪闪发光。Allkindsof后接可数名词复数，lantern为可数名词，所以用lanterns。故填lanterns。【40题详析】考查形容词。句意：在元宵节这天，我们去观赏精美的灯笼，猜灯笼上的谜语。此处修饰名词lanterns，用wonder的形容词形式wonderful，意为“精美的”。故填wonderful。【41题详析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们通常能通过给出正确答案赢得奖品。此处为介词by的宾语，用动名词giving。故填giving。【42题详析】考查形容词。句意：我们可以欣赏五颜六色的灯笼，观看中国传统的舞狮表演。此处修饰名词短语Chineseliondanceperformances，用tradition的形容词形式traditional，意为“传统的”。故填traditional。【43题详析】考查代词。句意：我们会在早上准备美味的汤圆，供我们的家人和朋友晚上享用。此处修饰名词familyandfriends，用we的形容词性物主代词our，意为“我们的”。故填our。【44题详析】考查连词。句意：这是我最喜欢的节日，因为我可以和家人共度时光。此处引导原因状语从句，表“因为”，用连词because/as/since。故填because/as/since。【45题详析】考查感叹句。句意：多么美好的一天啊！此处为感叹句，中心词为可数名词单数day，用what引导感叹句，位于句首，首字母大写。故填What。六、单词拼写(共15分，每小题1.5分)46.Theyaredeterminedto________(改变)themountaininfiveyears.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】transform【解析】考查动词。句意：他们决心在五年内改变这座山的面貌。根据汉语提示“改变”可知，此处为动词transform，固定用法bedeterminedtodosth.意为“决心做某事”，不定式符号to后接动词原形。故填transform。47.Thecountryissufferingfrom________(严重的)economicproblems.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】severe【解析】考查形容词。句意：这个国家正遭受严重的经济问题。根据汉语提示“严重的”可知，此处为形容词severe，在句中作定语修饰名词短语economicproblems。故填severe。48.Peopleshould________(联系)theorywithpracticewhendoingwork.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】connect【解析】考查动词。句意：人们在工作时应该把理论和实践联系起来。情态动词should后接动词原形，根据汉语提示“联系”可知，此处为connect，“connect...with...”意为“把……和……联系起来”。故填connect。49.Theseresultsareafurther________（证明）ofhisoutstandingability.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】proof【解析】考查名词。句意：这些结果是对他的杰出才能的进一步证明。空格处是表语，根据afurther可知要用单数名词。故填proof。50.IoftenhadcrazydreamsinwhichIwasto________(责备)forMiller’saccident.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】blame【解析】考查动词。句意：我经常做一些荒诞的梦，在梦里我要为米勒的事故负责。根据汉语提示“责备”可知，此处为动词blame，固定用法betoblamefor意为“对……负有责任”。故填blame。51.Heisgoodat________(操纵)thehugecalculatingmachine.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】operating【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：他擅长操纵这台大型计算机器。根据汉语提示“操纵”以及介词at后接动名词作宾语的规则，此处应填动词operate的动名词形式operating。故填operating。52.Heperformedpoorlyintheexamagain,whichmadehim________(frustrate).(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】frustrated【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：他考试又考得很差，这让他很沮丧。此处固定结构“make+宾语+宾补”，意为“使某人处于某种状态”，此处为形容词作宾补，修饰人him的感受，应用形容词frustrated，意为“感到沮丧的”。故填frustrated。53.Whichviruscausedthe________(infect)isstillunknown.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】infection【解析】考查名词。句意：哪种病毒引起了这次感染仍然未知。定冠词the后需要接名词，动词infect的名词形式是infection，意为“感染”，作宾语。故填infection。54.Ihelpedhim________(pure)outoffriendship.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】purely【解析】考查副词。句意：我帮助他纯粹是出于友谊。此处需要用副词修饰介词短语outoffriendship，形容词pure的副词形式是purely，意为“纯粹地”。故填purely。55.Itisbelievedthatfairytaleshaveagreat________(影响)onchildren.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】influence##effect##impact【解析】考查名词。句意：人们认为童话故事对孩子们有着很大的影响。根据汉语提示可知用名词influence/effect/impact，作宾语，不定冠词修饰用单数，haveagreatinfluence/effect/impactonsb.对某人有很大影响（三者为高频同义搭配，可互换使用）。故填influence/effect/impact。七、书面表达(共25分，第76小题10分，第77小题15分)56.假设未来每个家庭都有机器人帮手，你想要一个什么样的机器人作为你的家庭帮手呢?请你发挥想象，写一篇题为“TheRobotIWant”的短文。注意：1.词数80左右;2.可适当加入细节，以使行文连贯。词汇积累：帮助:help/assist;困难:trouble/difficulty;快乐:happiness/delight;与某人闲聊:chatwithsb/haveachatwithsb;解决/处理:solve/handle;家务:housework;勤劳的:hard-working;一家人:household句式拓展:TherobotIwantmustbe…,whichcando…forme.(which引导非限制性定语)IfIwantto…,therobotwill…and…(if引导条件状语从句)TheRobotIWant_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】TheRobotIWantTherobotIwantm