河北省张家口市2025-2026学年高三上学期期末教学质量监测英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1河北省张家口市2025-2026学年高三上学期期末教学质量监测英语试题第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AThesecretsofPublicEngagementAreyoupassionateaboutsharingyourworkinSTEM(Science,Technology,EngineeringandMathematics)?Doyouwanttoexcitetheimaginationwhenexplainingyourloveofscience?JointheteambehindNewScientistLivetodiscoverthesecretsbehindtheUK’sbiggestscienceshow.Inthisfreevirtualevent,hostMartinDavieswillwelcomesciencecommunicatorandengagementconsultantDrJamieGallagher,asheistorevealhowtopreparememorabletalksandinteractivestandsthatleavealastingimpression.JamieGallagherisanaward-winningprofessionalwithtenyears’experienceinthedeliveryandevaluationofqualityengagementprojects.MartinwillalsoexplorewhatorganizerslookforwheninvitingspeakersandselectingexhibitorsforNewScientistLive.Whoshouldwatch?sciencecommunicationprofessionalspublicengagementofficersresearchersinvolvedwithpublicengagementsciencespeakersanddemonstratorsanyoneelseinterestedincommunicatingSTEMtopicstoapublicaudienceBenefitsofwatchingLearnabouthowNewScientistLivecommunicatescomplicatedideastoageneralaudience.Discoverhowtohavethegreatestimpactwhenexhibiting.Learnhowtoextendyourmessagetoawider,underrepresentedaudience.BookinginformationRingCentralwillemailyourticketconfirmationtoyouimmediatelyafterregistering.YouwillalsoreceiveaseparateemailfromRingCentralwithalinktoaccesstheeventwithinaweekoftheeventstartdate.Eachlinkisuniqueandshouldnotbeshared.Ticketsarenon-transferabletoanyotherNewScientistevent.Accesstoarecordingoftheeventwillbeexclusivelyavailabletoregistrantsforthe12monthsfollowingtheliveevent.1.WhatwillDrJamieGallaghermainlyshareintheevent?A.Waystocreateimpressivetalks.B.Adviceonapplyingforresearchfunding.C.Skillsforcarryingoutscientificexperiments.D.Methodsformanaginglargescienceexhibitions.2.Whoisthevirtualeventmainlyintendedfor?A.Visitorswhoenjoysciencemuseums.B.Studentspreparingforscience-relatedexams.C.Businessprofessionalsworkingintechnology.D.PeopleinterestedincommunicatingSTEMtopics.3.Inwhichsectionofawebsitecanyoufindthetext?A.Educationalresources. B.Scienceevents.C.Professionalguidance. D.Careeropportunities.【答案】1.A2.D3.B【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一场由《新科学家》现场活动团队打造的免费线上活动，该活动旨在分享英国最大科学展背后的公众参与秘诀；详细说明了活动的主讲嘉宾、分享内容、目标受众、参与益处以及订票相关的注意事项。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Inthisfreevirtualevent,hostMartinDavieswillwelcomesciencecommunicatorandengagementconsultantDrJamieGallagher,asheistorevealhowtopreparememorabletalksandinteractivestandsthatleavealastingimpression(在这场免费的线上活动中，主持人马丁·戴维斯将邀请科学传播者、公众参与顾问杰米·加拉格尔博士，他将分享如何打造令人印象深刻的演讲和互动展台)”可知，杰米·加拉格尔博士在活动中主要分享的是打造精彩演讲的方法。故选A。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据“Whoshouldwatch?”部分列出的人群“sciencecommunicationprofessionals;publicengagementofficers;researchersinvolvedwithpublicengagement;sciencespeakersanddemonstrators;anyoneelseinterestedincommunicatingSTEMtopicstoapublicaudience(科学传播专业人士、公众参与官员、参与公众参与工作的研究人员、科学演讲者与演示者、其他有意向公众传播STEM主题的人士)”可知，这场线上活动的主要目标人群是所有对传播STEM主题感兴趣的人。故选D。【3题详析】推理判断题。文章整体围绕一场线上科学传播活动展开，介绍了活动内容、受众、益处和订票信息，属于活动宣传类的文本。由此可推断，这篇文章最有可能出现在网站的“科学活动”板块。故选B。BLosingcropsisnevergood,especiallywhenit’syourlivelihood.Julioknowsthisverywell—especiallyafterpests(害虫)gotholdofhismelonfarm.Seeingthedamagetohiscropsmadehimfeeldesperate.Butthankfully,he’snotalone.SincebecomingapartofConvoyofHope’sagricultureprogram,Julioisreceivingthesupportheneedsandlearningmoreabouthisownland.“ConvoyofHopehasbeenagreatsupportduringthistime.Throughthesetrainingsessions,I’velearnednewtechniquesforfertilization,care,andnutritionofthemeloncrop,whichhasbeenofgreatassistance,”hesaid.Andhedoesn’twanttokeepwhathe’slearnedtohimself.Juliosaid,“Sharingideasandknowledgewithmyfellowproducersisimportanttomebecausecooperatingwithothershelpsusprospertogetherandbesuccessfulinproduction.”FarmerslikeJulioaregrowingtheirtrade,andthepositiveeffectsaremultiplying.“MylifehasimprovedsignificantlyasInowhavegreaterknowledgeandsupporttoproduceandenhancethequalityofmycrops,”Juliosaid.“Thishasallowedmetoexpandtheareaofcultivation(耕种)andincreasemyincometomeetmyneeds.…Thebestparthasbeenseeinganincreaseinproduction.Previously,Icultivatedlessthanonehectare(公顷),andnowIplantafullhectare.Thishasbeenablessingforme.”ButJulioisn’tstoppinghere.“Iwouldliketoownmyownlandinsteadofrenting,soIcanworkonmyownandgenerateprosperityformyfamilyandfellowproducers.”ThankstoConvoyofHope’ssupporters,farmerssuchasJuliocangothroughdifficultsituationsandcreatesolutionsforthefuture.4.WhatproblemdidJuliofaceatthebeginningofthestory?A.Alackoffarmingtools.B.Poormarketdemandformelons.C.Risinglandrentalcosts.D.Damagetohiscropsbypests.5.WhydoesJuliobelievesharingknowledgewithotherfarmersisimportant?A.Ithelpshimgainwiderecognition.B.Itallowseveryonetosucceedtogether.C.Itreducestheneedforoutsidesupport.D.Itimprovescompetitionamongfarmers.6.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraphs4and5?A.Julio’sincomeincreasecamebeforehisproductionrose.B.SupportandtraininghelpedJuliomakebetteruseofhisland.C.Julioexpandedhisfarmlandmainlythroughrentingadditionalfields.D.Juliofocusedmoreonimprovingcropqualitythanonincreasingoutput.7.WhatdoesJulioplantodointhefuture?A.Workabroad. B.Leavefarming.C.Buyhisownland. D.Focusontrainingothers.【答案】4.D5.B6.B7.C【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了瓜农胡里奥的甜瓜田遭受虫害重创后，加入“希望车队”农业帮扶项目，学习到新的种植技术，不仅改善了作物质量、扩大了耕种面积、增加了收入，还乐于和其他农户分享知识，并且规划着未来拥有自己的土地的故事。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Julioknowsthisverywell—especiallyafterpests(害虫)gotholdofhismelonfarm.Seeingthedamagetohiscropsmadehimfeeldesperate.(胡里奥对此深有体会——尤其是在他的甜瓜田遭遇虫害之后。看着受损的庄稼，他陷入了绝望。)”可知，胡里奥在故事开头面临的问题是庄稼遭受了虫害。故选D。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Sharingideasandknowledgewithmyfellowproducersisimportanttomebecausecooperatingwithothershelpsusprospertogetherandbesuccessfulinproduction.(和其他农户分享想法和知识对我来说很重要，因为合作能让我们共同致富，在生产上取得成功。)”可知，胡里奥认为分享知识重要的原因是这种做法能让大家一起成功。故选B。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段“FarmerslikeJulioaregrowingtheirtrade,andthepositiveeffectsaremultiplying.(像胡里奥这样的农户正在拓展自己的产业，积极影响也在不断扩大.)”以及第五段“MylifehasimprovedsignificantlyasInowhavegreaterknowledgeandsupporttoproduceandenhancethequalityofmycrops(我的生活有了显著的改善，因为我现在掌握了更多知识，也得到了更多支持，能够提高作物的产量和质量)”和“ Thishasbeenablessingforme.(这对我来说是一种祝福。)”可知，帮扶项目的培训和支持帮助胡里奥更好地利用土地，实现了增产增收。故选B。【7题详析】细节理解题。根据第六段“Iwouldliketoownmyownlandinsteadofrenting,soIcanworkonmyownandgenerateprosperityformyfamilyandfellowproducers.(我希望能拥有自己的土地，而不是一直租地耕种，这样我就能自主经营，为我的家人和其他农户创造更多财富。)”可知，胡里奥未来的计划是购买属于自己的土地。故选C。CTherisingacidityofEarth’soceanscouldcausesharkteethtobecorroded(腐蚀)andwasteaway.Ashark’steethareitsmostimportanttool,butanewstudyhassuggestedthatclimatechangeisdamagingandweakeningthem.“They’rehighlydevelopedweaponsbuiltforcuttingmeat,notresistingoceanacid,”saidthestudy’sleadingresearcher,MaximilianBaumfromHeinrichHeineUniversityofDüsseldorf(HHU).Thoughsharksconstantlyreplacetheirteeth,theworseningconditionofouroceanscouldsoondamagethemfasterthantheycanberepaired.Asouroceansabsorbmoreandmorecarbondioxide(CO2)duetoclimatechange,they’rebecomingincreasinglyacidic.Currently,theoceansareslightlyalkaline(碱性的)withapHof8.1,butthiscoulddroptoaslowas7.3by2300.Aspartofanundergraduateproject,whichhasnowbeenpublishedinFrontiers,Baumaimedtofindouthowmuchofanimpactthischangecouldhaveonsealife.Hemanagedtoacquirehundredsofblacktipreefsharkteethtouseintheinvestigation.Around50oftheundamagedteethwerethenplacedintotanksfilledwithwateratvariouspHs,andkeptthereforeightweeks.Whentheywereinspectedattheendoftheexperiment,itwasclearthattheteethintheacidicwaterhadconsiderablymoredamagethantheteethinthe8.1pHwater.“Weobservedvisiblesurfacedamagesuchascracksandholes,increasedrootcorrosion,andstructuralbreakdown,”saidProfSebastianFraunefromHHU.Theacidicwateralsocausedthesurfaceoftheteethtobecomerough(粗糙的)andirregular.Whilethismighthavehelpedenhancetheshark’scuttingability,italsocompromisedthetooth’sstructure.Thismadethemmorelikelytobreak.“MaintainingoceanpHnearthecurrentaverageof8.1couldbecriticalforthephysicalintegrityofpredators’tools,”saidBaum.“It’sareminderthatclimatechangeimpactsspreadthroughentirefoodwebsandecosystems.”8.Whymaysharkteethbedamagedfasterinthefuture?A.Oceanplantswilldecrease.B.Theseawillbecomemoreacidic.C.Theirteethwillgrowthinner.D.Sharkswillhuntmoreoften.9.Howdidtheresearcherscarryouttheirstudy?A.Theytrackedthegrowthofnewteethovertime.B.Theycomparedteethfromseveralsharkspecies.C.Theyfollowedsharksintheirnaturalhuntingenvironment.D.Theytestedhowsharkteethreactedindifferentwaterconditions.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“compromised”inparagraph5probablymean?A.Weakened. B.Affected.C.Repaired. D.Shaped.11.WhatmessagedoesBaumconveyinthelastparagraph?A.Sharkswillhavesmallerhabitats.B.Teethchangeshelpsharkshunt.C.OceanpHisimportantforsealife.D.Climatechangestopsfoodgrowth.【答案】8.B9.D10.A11.C【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章指出地球海洋的酸化程度不断加剧，这会导致鲨鱼牙齿被腐蚀、受损；研究人员通过实验证实了不同酸碱度的海水对鲨鱼牙齿的影响，同时强调维持海洋酸碱度稳定对于海洋生物乃至整个生态系统都至关重要。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“TherisingacidityofEarth’soceanscouldcausesharkteethtobecorroded(腐蚀)andwasteaway.(地球海洋酸度的上升可能会导致鲨鱼牙齿被腐蚀、逐渐损坏)”以及第二段“ Thoughsharksconstantlyreplacetheirteeth,theworseningconditionofouroceanscouldsoondamagethemfasterthantheycanberepaired.(尽管鲨鱼会不断更换牙齿，但随着我们海洋环境的不断恶化，其牙齿受损的速度可能会快于其修复的速度)”可知，未来鲨鱼牙齿受损更快的原因是海洋的酸度变得更高。故选B。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段“Around50oftheundamagedteethwerethenplacedintotanksfilledwithwateratvariouspHs,andkeptthereforeightweeks.Whentheywereinspectedattheendoftheexperiment,itwasclearthattheteethintheacidicwaterhadconsiderablymoredamagethantheteethinthe8.1pHwater.(研究人员将大约50颗完好的鲨鱼牙齿放入装有不同酸碱度海水的容器中，放置八周。实验结束后检查发现，酸性海水中的牙齿比酸碱度为8.1的海水中的牙齿受损程度严重得多)”可知，研究人员的实验方式是测试鲨鱼牙齿在不同水质条件下的反应。故选D。【10题详析】词句猜测题。根据第五段“ Theacidicwateralsocausedthesurfaceoftheteethtobecomerough(粗糙的)andirregular.Whilethismighthavehelpedenhancetheshark’scuttingability,italsocompromisedthetooth’sstructure.Thismadethemmorelikelytobreak.(酸性海水还会使鲨鱼牙齿表面变得粗糙不平。虽然这可能有助于提升鲨鱼的撕咬能力，但也compromised牙齿的结构，让牙齿更容易断裂)”可知，划线单词所在句存在转折关系，前文说酸性海水带来的一点好处，后文则说对牙齿结构的负面影响，结合“更容易断裂”的结果，可推测“compromised”的意思是“破坏、削弱”。故选A。【11题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段““MaintainingoceanpHnearthecurrentaverageof8.1couldbecriticalforthephysicalintegrityofpredators’tools,”saidBaum.“It’sareminderthatclimatechangeimpactsspreadthroughentirefoodwebsandecosystems.”(“保持海洋pH值接近目前的平均值8.1，对捕食者工具的物理完整性至关重，”鲍姆说。“这提醒我们，气候变化的影响会蔓延到整个食物网和生态系统。”)”可推知，鲍姆在最后一段想要传达的信息是海洋酸碱度对于海洋生物的重要性。故选C。DThinkPigletandEeyoreintheWinnie-the-Pooh.Pigletisaconstantworrier,dealingwithanxiety;Eeyorethinksovereverythingthatmightgowrong,sinkingintodepression.Bothstrugglewithrepetitivenegativethoughts.Clinicianstypicallyaddressnegativethoughts,suchasworry,aspartofatreatmentplanformanydiagnosed(诊断)disorders,includingdepression,anxiety,andsoon.“Butformaldiagnosesarenotnecessarytohelppeopleovercomethispainfulwayofthinking,”expertsargue.Therefore,cliniciansshouldlookbeyonddiagnosesandtargetnegativethinkingdirectly.“Weshouldfigureoutwhatitisforthisparticularpersonthatiskeepinghimstuck,”sayspsychologistMichelleMouldsoftheUniversityofNewSouthWales.“Severaltherapies(疗法)haveemergedinrecentyearsthattargetrepetitivenegativethinkingdirectly.Suchtherapiesshiftthecourseofatalksession,”sayspsychologistEdwardWatkinsoftheUniversityofExeterinEngland.Watkinshelpeddeveloponesuchtherapy,knownasRumination-FocusedCognitiveBehavioralTherapy,orRFCBT.Forinstance,imagineapatientwhohasbeendiagnosedwithdepressionandisfocusedonhowhopelesshefeels.AcliniciantrainedintraditionalCBTwilloftenhelppatientsunderstandtheirspecificmentalhealthdiagnosisbyworkingthroughthecontentoftheirthoughts.However,acliniciantrainedintheRFCBTdoesnotneedaformaldiagnosis.Ratherthanexploringwhysomethingmighthavehappened,orthedeepersignificanceoftheevent,therapiesthattargetnegativethinkinghelppatientsshifttomoreactionablequestions,suchashowtheycandosomethingaboutit.Inotherwords,theyseektochangehowpeoplethink,regardlessofwhattheyarethinkingabout.Byfocusingonthepatternsofnegativethinkingratherthanspecificdiagnoses,thesetherapiesofferaflexibleapproachthatcanhelpanyonestrugglingwithrepetitive,unproductivethoughts.Thisshiftinfocusempowersindividualstotakepracticalstepstowardchange,improvingmentalwell-beingacrossawiderangeofsituations.12.WhydoestheauthormentionPigletandEeyoreatthebeginning?A.Tointroducethetopicofthetext.B.Todescribeafamiliarliteraryscene.C.Topresenttwocontrastingcharacters.D.Togivebackgroundinformationforthestudy.13.WhatdoesMichelleMouldsthinkcliniciansshouldfocuson?A.Thespecificsofstressors.B.People’sthinkingpattern.C.Formaldiagnosesmainly.D.Patients’pastexperiences.14.WhichbestexplainsthemaindifferencebetweentraditionalCBTandRFCBT?A.RFCBTshiftsattentionfromwhytohow.B.RFCBTavoidsdiscussingpatients’feelings.C.TraditionalCBTneedsnoformaldiagnosis.D.TraditionalCBTemphasizesbehaviormore.15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.MentalDisorders:TraditionalDiagnosesandHandlingB.NegativeThoughts:Psychologists’ResearchandGuideC.Ruminations-FocusedCBT:ANewInterventionApproachD.RepetitiveNegativeThinking:RecognitionandTreatment【答案】12.A13.B14.A15.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍重复性消极思维的表现及针对该思维的治疗方法，无需依赖正式诊断。【12题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“ThinkPigletandEeyoreintheWinnie-the-Pooh.Pigletisaconstantworrier,dealingwithanxiety;Eeyorethinksovereverythingthatmightgowrong,sinkingintodepression.Bothstrugglewithrepetitivenegativethoughts.(想想《小熊维尼》里的小猪和屹耳吧。小猪总是忧心忡忡，饱受焦虑困扰；屹耳则总琢磨着各种可能发生的倒霉事，深陷抑郁情绪难以自拔。二者都被重复性的消极想法纠缠不休。)”可知，作者提到小熊维尼里的小猪和屹耳，是为了引出本文关于消极思维的话题。故选A项。【13题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Therefore,cliniciansshouldlookbeyonddiagnosesandtargetnegativethinkingdirectly.“Weshouldfigureoutwhatitisforthisparticularpersonthatiskeepinghimstuck,”sayspsychologistMichelleMouldsoftheUniversityofNewSouthWales.(因此，临床医生应跳出诊断的局限，直接以消极思维为干预目标。新南威尔士大学的心理学家米歇尔・摩尔兹表示：“我们需要弄清楚，究竟是什么让这个特定的患者陷入了困境”)”可知，米歇尔·摩尔兹认为临床医生应该关注人们的思维模式。故选B项。【14题详析】细节理解题。根据第五段中的“AcliniciantrainedintraditionalCBTwilloftenhelppatientsunderstandtheirspecificmentalhealthdiagnosisbyworkingthroughthecontentoftheirthoughts(接受过传统认知行为疗法培训的临床医生通常会通过探讨患者的想法内容，帮助他们理解自己具体的心理健康状况)”以及第六段中的“Ratherthanexploringwhysomethingmighthavehappened,orthedeepersignificanceoftheevent,therapiesthattargetnegativethinkinghelppatientsshifttomoreactionablequestions,suchashowtheycandosomethingaboutit.Inotherwords,theyseektochangehowpeoplethink,regardlessofwhattheyarethinkingabout.(这类针对消极思维的疗法，不会去探究事情发生的缘由，也不会挖掘事件背后的深层意义，而是帮助患者转而思考更具可行性的问题，比如他们可以对此采取什么行动。换句话说，这类疗法旨在改变人们的思维方式，而非纠结于人们思考的具体内容。)”可知，传统认知行为疗法与反刍聚焦认知行为疗法的核心区别在于，后者将关注点从“为什么”转向了“怎么做”。故选A项。【15题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，文章先以卡通角色引出重复性消极思维的现象，接着说明临床干预无需依赖正式诊断，随后介绍了针对这种思维的治疗方法及不同疗法的差异，核心围绕重复性消极思维的认知与治疗展开。选项D“重复性消极思维：认知与治疗”最能概括全文主旨。为最佳标题。故选D项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。It’swell-documentedthatreadingteacheskidsmorethanjustnewfacts.Readingaloudtobabiesactivatespartsoftheirbrainthatsupportmentalimageryandhelpthemgainmeaningfromlanguage.____16____Butdespitetheestablishedbenefitsofreading,booksaren’taccessibletoeveryone.Ina2018study,researchersinNewYorkUniversityplacedbookvending(销售)machinesinpoorcommunitieswherechildren’sbooksarerareornonexistent.____17____Whataboutlibraries?Theresearchersaskedparticipantsabouthowtheyusedlocallibrariesandfoundthattheywere“rarelyseenasanoption”.____18____Thisisatimewhenschoolandearlychildhoodprogramsarenotinsession.Asaresult,disadvantagedchildrenfallbehindacademicallyduringthis“seasonalsummerslide”,wideningthegapbetweenthemandthedisadvantagedkids.Theresearcherssetouttoseehowvendingmachinesinfourlow-incomeneighborhoodswouldaffectfamilyreadingpatternsandtheacademicdownslideoversummer.Themachineswereputintheneighborhoodsforeightweeks.____19____Morethan64,000freebookswerepoppedoutto26,200uniquereadersoverthecourseofthesummer.Andtheother38,235wererepeatusers.However,thevendingmachinesweren’tenoughtogetchildrenuninterestedinreadingtopickupabook.Fortypercentofpassersbyvisitedbutdidn’tmakeaselection.“Ourfindingssuggestthatonlyhavingonesideoftheequation—accesstobooksoradultsupport—isnotenough,”saidco-authorSusanB.Neuman.“Childrenneedaccesstobooksintheirneighborhoods.____20____”A.Theyturnedoutquitepopular.B.Themachinesprovidemorebooksthanlibraries.C.Familiesintheseareasdon’thaveenoughaccesstobooks.D.Adultsneedtocreateanenvironmentthatinspiresreading.E.Italsoreducestheriskofchildrenhavingbehaviorproblems.F.Thisproblemofaccesstobooksisworsenedoverthesummer.G.Theauthorsconductedaseriesofquestionnairesandinterviews.【答案】16.E17.C18.F19.A20.D【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了纽约大学研究者在贫困社区投放书籍自助售卖机的相关研究，探讨该举措对改善儿童阅读及缓解暑期学业下滑的作用，最后提出儿童阅读需要书籍获取渠道和成人支持双管齐下。【16题详析】上文“It’swell-documentedthatreadingteacheskidsmorethanjustnewfacts.Readingaloudtobabiesactivatespartsoftheirbrainthatsupportmentalimageryandhelpthemgainmeaningfromlanguage.(有充分证据表明，阅读教给孩子的不仅仅是新的知识。给婴儿朗读能激活他们大脑中支持心理意象的区域，帮助他们从语言中获取意义)”阐述了阅读对儿童的好处，下文“Butdespitetheestablishedbenefitsofreading,booksaren’taccessibletoeveryone.(但尽管阅读的益处已得到证实，并非所有人都能轻易获得书籍)”以转折引出书籍获取的问题。E项“这还能降低儿童出现行为问题的风险”承上启下，“also”进一步补充阅读的益处，与前文介绍的阅读优势构成并列关系，同时通过与下文的转折衔接，凸显出“虽有诸多好处，但书籍获取存在障碍”的逻辑，符合语境。故选E。【17题详析】上文“Ina2018study,researchersinNewYorkUniversityplacedbookvending(销售)machinesinpoorcommunitieswherechildren’sbooksarerareornonexistent.(在2018年的一项研究中，纽约大学的研究者在儿童书籍稀缺甚至没有的贫困社区投放了书籍自助售卖机)”介绍了研究背景和举措，下文“Whataboutlibraries?Theresearchersaskedparticipantsabouthowtheyusedlocallibrariesandfoundthattheywere“rarelyseenasanoption”.(那图书馆呢？研究者询问了参与者使用当地图书馆的情况，发现图书馆“很少被视为一种选择”)”提及图书馆未被青睐的现状。C项“这些地区的家庭没有足够的渠道获取书籍”承上启下，“theseareas”指代上文的“poorcommunities”，解释了在这些社区投放书籍售卖机的原因，同时为下文探讨图书馆不受重视的内容做铺垫，逻辑连贯。故选C。【18题详析】下文“Thisisatimewhenschoolandearlychildhoodprogramsarenotinsession.Asaresult,disadvantagedchildrenfallbehindacademicallyduringthis“seasonalsummerslide”,wideningthegapbetweenthemandtheadvantagedkids.(这段时间学校和幼儿教育项目都处于放假状态。结果，处境不利的儿童会在这段“季节性暑期学业下滑期”出现学业落后的情况，拉大了他们与优势群体儿童之间的差距)”描述了某一特定时期的学业问题，“this”指代的内容需要在空格处体现。F项“书籍获取困难的问题在夏季会变得更加严重”中“overthesummer”对应下文的“thisisatime”，点明了具体的时间节点，同时指出夏季会加剧书籍获取的问题，进而引出暑期学业下滑的结果，符合段落逻辑。故选F。【19题详析】上文“Theresearcherssetouttoseehowvendingmachinesinfourlow-incomeneighborhoodswouldaffectfamilyreadingpatternsandtheacademicdownslideoversummer.Themachineswereputintheneighborhoodsforeightweeks.(研究者着手研究在四个低收入社区投放的自助售卖机，会对家庭阅读模式和暑期学业下滑产生怎样的影响。这些售卖机在社区投放了八周时间)”介绍了研究的观察目标和投放时长，下文“Morethan64,000freebookswerepoppedoutto26,200uniquereadersoverthecourseofthesummer.Andtheother38,235wererepeatusers.(整个夏天，超过64000本免费书籍被发放给了26200名不同的读者，还有38235人是重复借阅的用户)”用具体数据体现了售卖机的使用情况。A项“这些售卖机结果证明非常受欢迎”承上启下，“they”指代上文的“vendingmachines”，概括了售卖机的整体使用效果，同时下文的具体数据正是对“受欢迎”这一结论的有力佐证，逻辑通顺。故选A。【20题详析】上文“However,thevendingmachinesweren’tenoughtogetchildrenuninterestedinreadingtopickupabook.Fortypercentofpassersbyvisitedbutdidn’tmakeaselection.“Ourfindingssuggestthatonlyhavingonesideoftheequation—accesstobooksoradultsupport—isnotenough,”saidco-authorSusanB.Neuman.“Childrenneedaccesstobooksintheirneighborhoods.(然而，仅靠自助售卖机并不足以让对阅读不感兴趣的孩子拿起书本。有40%的路人只是驻足观看，并未选择书籍。“我们的研究结果表明，只解决问题的一个方面——要么是书籍获取渠道，要么是成人支持——是远远不够的，”该研究的合著者苏珊·B·纽曼表示，“孩子们需要在自己的社区里就能获得书籍)”提出儿童阅读需要书籍获取渠道和成人支持两个方面的条件，且已经提及了“书籍获取”这一点。D项“成人需要创造一个能激发阅读兴趣的环境”补充了另一个必要条件，即“成人支持”的具体体现，与前文的观点形成完整的逻辑闭环，贴合语境。故选D。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。IwenttoBostonLoganInternationalAirporttocatchmyflight,onlytolearnithadbeendelayedbytwohours.Ididn’t____21____,butIknewthiswouldaffectmyconnection,sincemylayover(中转停留)wasjust50minutes.Theagent____22____methatifImissedtheconnectingflight,theairlinewould____23____anotherone.Thefirstflightfinally____24____aroundmidnight.Asweapproachedlanding,Iknewmynextflighthadprobablyalreadytakenoff.Whenwearrived,QatarAirwaysstaffwerewaitingwithsigns,includingmyname.They____25____theconnectionhaddepartedandsaidtheywould____26____usaflightthenextday.____27____,theyalsoarrangedhotelaccommodationandtransportation.Iwasunexpectedlyhappy—settingfootoutsidetheairportmeantI’dactuallybeinthecapitalofQatar,Doha,notjust____28____.Althoughmy____29____ofitisunclear,Irecalldrivingthroughareaswithbuildingsthatweren’tastallasIhadimagined.Thenextmorning,Iwokeupearlyto_____30_____thesurroundingsofthehotel.IhadneverbeentoQatarbeforeandwantedtomakethemostofmybrief_____31_____.Duringmyhour-longwalk,IvisitedQatarBusinessPark,filledwithmodernbuildings,aswellasless_____32_____areaswithsmallshopsrunbyimmigrants(移民).Itwasextremelyinterestingandattractivetoseebothsidesofthe_____33_____.Fromdealingwithdelaystoenjoyinga(n)_____34_____adventure,thetriptaughtmetoacceptuncertaintyand_____35_____thesurprisesalongtheway.21.A.hesitate B.panic C.agree D.listen22.A.advised B.warned C.reminded D.promised23.A.purchase B.place C.arrange D.select24.A.departed B.returned C.failed D.ended25.A.realized B.assumed C.regretted D.confirmed26.A.bring B.lend C.book D.allow27.A.Hopefully B.Truthfully C.Interestingly D.Surprisingly28.A.lookingaround B.makingup C.passingthrough D.touchingdown29.A.knowledge B.memory C.understanding D.description30.A.explore B.film C.inspect D.change31.A.search B.stay C.attempt D.relief32.A.crowded B.attractive C.developed D.familiar33.A.journey B.airport C.people D.city34.A.dangerous B.unexpected C.challenging D.romantic35.A.appreciate B.prepare C.record D.discover【答案】21.B22.D23.C24.A25.D26.C27.D28.C29.B30.A31.B32.C33.D34.B35.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者因航班延误滞留卡塔尔，意外体验当地风情，从而领悟接纳意外、享受惊喜的道理的故事。【21题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我没有惊慌，但我知道这会影响我的中转航班，因为我的中转停留时间只有50分钟。A.hesitate犹豫；B.panic惊慌；C.agree同意；D.listen听。根据后文“butIknewthiswouldaffectmyconnection”可知，作者虽知晓航班延误的影响，但并没有“惊慌”。故选B项。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：航空公司工作人员向我保证，如果我错过了中转航班，航空公司会安排另一趟航班。A.advised建议；B.warned警告；C.reminded提醒；D.promised保证。根据后文“ifImissedtheconnectingflight,theairlinewould________anotherone.”可知，工作人员是向作者做出“保证”，以此打消他的顾虑。故选D项。【23题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：航空公司工作人员向我保证，如果我错过了中转航班，航空公司会安排另一趟航班。A.purchase购买；B.place放置；C.arrange安排；D.select挑选。根据后文“They________theconnectionhaddepartedandsaidtheywould________usaflightthenextday.”可知，航空公司的应对措施是为错过中转的乘客“安排”新航班。故选C项。【24题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：第一趟航班终于在午夜左右起飞了。A.departed起飞；B.returned返回；C.failed失败；D.ended结束。根据后文“Asweapproachedlanding,Iknewmynextflighthadprobablyalreadytakenoff.”可知，此处指航班最终“起飞”。故选A项。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们确认中转航班已经起飞，并说会为我们预订第二天的航班。A.realized意识到；B.assumed假设；C.regretted后悔；D.confirmed确认。根据前文“Whenwearrived,QatarAirwaysstaffwerewaitingwithsigns,includingmyname”可知，卡塔尔航空工作人员举着写有作者名字的牌子等候，由此可知，工作人员已经“确认”中转航班已起飞。故选D项。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们确认中转航班已经起飞，并说会为我们预订第二天的航班。A.bring带来；B.lend借出；C.book预订；D.allow允许。根据前文“Theagent________methatifImissedtheconnectingflight,theairlinewould________anotherone.”可知，航空公司承诺会安排新航班，结合后文“aflightthenextday”可知，工作人员会为作者“预订”第二天的航班。故选C项。【27题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：令人惊讶的是，他们还安排了酒店住宿和交通。A.Hopefully有希望地；B.Truthfully诚实地；C.Interestingly有趣地；D.Surprisingly令人惊讶地。根据前文作者只预期航空公司会安排新航班，以及后文“theyalsoarrangedhotelaccommodationandtransportation”可知，他们的额外安排让作者感到“惊讶”。故选D项。【28题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我出乎意料地开心——走出机场意味着我真的能来到卡塔尔首都多哈，而不仅仅是过境。A.lookingaround环顾四周；B.makingup编造；C.passingthrough过境；D.touchingdown降落。根据前文“Iwasunexpectedlyhappy—settingfootoutsidetheairportmeantI’dactuallybeinthecapitalofQatar,Doha,”可知，作者因航班延误而来到卡塔尔首都多哈，由此可推断，若没有延误，作者只能是在多哈“过境”而不会走出机场。故选C项。【29题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然我对它的记忆已经模糊，但我记得车驶过一些区域，那里的建筑并没有我想象的那么高。A.knowledge知识；B.memory记忆；C.understanding理解；D.description描述。根据后文“Irecalldrivingthroughareaswithbuildingsthatweren’tastallasIhadimagined”可知，作者对多哈的“记忆”已经模糊。故选B项。【30题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天早上，我早早醒来，去探索酒店周围的环境。A.explore探索；B.film拍摄；C.inspect检查；D.change改变。根据后文“IhadneverbeentoQatarbefore”可知，作者从未到过卡塔尔，因此想“探索”酒店周边环境。故选A项。【31题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我以前从未去过卡塔尔，想充分利用我短暂的停留时间。A.search搜寻；B.stay停留；C.attempt尝试；D.relief缓解。根据前文“thenextmorning”以及“myhour-longwalk”可知，作者因航班延误被迫在多哈滞留一晚，此处指他在多哈短暂的“停留”时间。故选B项。【32题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在长达一小时的散步中，我参观了卡塔尔商务园，那里满是现代化的建筑，也逛了一些不太发达的区域，那里有移民经营的小商店。A.crowded拥挤的；B.attractive吸引人的；C.developed发达的；D.familiar熟悉的。根据前文“filledwithmodernbuildings”以及后文“withsmallshopsrunbyimmigrants”可知，这些区域是不太“发达的”。故选C项。【33题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：看到这座城市的两面性，我感到非常有趣和有吸引力。A.journey旅程；B.airport机场；C.people人们；D.city城市。根据前文“IvisitedQatarBusinessPark,filledwithmodernbuildings,aswellasless________areaswithsmallshopsrunbyimmigrants(移民).”可知，作者游览了卡塔尔首都多哈的不同区域，看到的是这座“城市”的两面性。故