河南省名校大联考2024-2025学年高一下学期开学英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1河南省名校大联考2024-2025学年高一下学期开学英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATherearenumerousexcellentskitownsacrosstheUS,makingithardtochoosewheretoski.HerearesomeofthemostcharmingUSskitownstohelpyouplanthebestwintervacation.Vail,ColoradoVailisoneofNorthAmerica’smostpopularskiresortsforgoodreasons.Thepicturesquevillagefeaturesalpine(阿尔卑斯山的)architecturethatmakesyoufeellikeyou’velandedinEurope.Thereareplentyofskirunshere,andtherearecountlessspotsforshoppingandworld-classdining.Don’tmissarelaxingmassageatoneofVail’smanyspas.ParkCity,UtahWithlongrunsover7,300acres,ParkCityisknownasoneofthebiggestskiresortsinAmerica.Besideswintersports,thecityitselfhasalottooffer.Foundedin1869,thetownofParkCityispackedwithshopsandrestaurants.Andwith17snow-cappedmountainpeaks(山峰),thesceneryhereistrulyamazing.Jackson,WyomingThisoldWestvillagepacksinalotoffun,withopportunitiestoviewwildlifeasyouexplorethedowntownareas.Afteryou’veconqueredmanystarting-levelskislopes(斜坡)inJacksonHolevalley,youcanstayatthetravelers’choiceaward-winningWyomingInnofJacksonHole,whichhasoneofthelargestcollectionsofphotosfromawell-knownwildlifephotographer.Stowe,VermontStowenotonlymakesiteasyforeasternerstoaccesssnowyskislopes,butit’salsohometoTheVillageatSprucePeak,whichoffersfarm-freshdining,nicespas,andlotsofshopping.Forgreataccommodations,bookTrappFamilyLodgeifyourbudget(预算)islimitedortryTopnotchResortifyouwantsomethingmorehigh-end—botharetravelers’choiceawardwinners.1.WhatcanyoudoinVail,Colorado?A.Skiontheworld’slongestrun. B.Climbamountainthat’spartofAlps.C.Watchwildlifeatalocalhotel. D.AdmirebuildingsinEuropeanstyle.2.WhoareyoumostlikelytomeetinJacksonHolevalley?A.Lotsofbeginnerskiers.B.Famousphotographers.C.Awardwinnersinskiing.D.ManyeasternersoftheUS.3.Inwhichplacecanyouenjoyfoodstraightfromlocalfarms?A.Vail,Colorado. B.ParkCity,Utah.C.Jackson,Wyoming. D.Stowe,Vermont.【答案】1.D2.A3.D【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。本文介绍了美国几个迷人的滑雪小镇。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“VailisoneofNorthAmerica’smostpopularskiresortsforgoodreasons.Thepicturesquevillagefeaturesalpinearchitecturethatmakesyoufeellikeyou’velandedinEurope.(韦尔是北美最受欢迎的滑雪胜地之一，这是有原因的。这个风景如画的村庄以阿尔卑斯山建筑为特色，让你感觉自己仿佛置身于欧洲。)”，可知，在科罗拉多州的韦尔，可以欣赏欧式建筑。故选D。【2题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段“Afteryou’veconqueredmanystarting-levelskislopesinJacksonHolevalley.(在你征服了杰克逊谷的许多初级滑雪坡道之后。)”可知，在杰克逊谷最有可能遇到很多初学者滑雪者。故选A。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Stowenotonlymakesiteasyforeasternerstoaccesssnowyskislopes,butit’salsohometoTheVillageatSprucePeak,whichoffersfarm-freshdining,nicespas,andlotsofshopping.(斯托不仅让东部人很容易到达雪坡，而且它还是云杉峰村的所在地，那里提供农场新鲜的食物、舒适的水疗中心和大量的购物场所。)”可知，在佛蒙特州的斯托可以享受到来自当地农场的食物。故选D。BDavidRushbrokehis181strecord,givinghimanewkindofrecord—therecordforthemostGuinnessWorldRecordsheldatthesametime.Rush,who’s40,beganworkingtosetworldrecordstoshowhowimportantitistokeepdoingourbestandpushourownlimits,evenwhenthingsarehard.In2015,Rushdecidedtosetarecordbyjuggling(玩杂耍)withhiseyescovered.Afterpracticingforseveralweeks,Rushmanagedtojuggleblindfoldedfor6minutesand34seconds.ThatwasRush’sfirstGuinnessWorldRecord.Heevenbrokethisrecordtwiceinarow(连续).Rushenjoysthehardworkoftrainingtobreakrecords,duringwhichhefindsithelpshimstayinshape,andthatit’sfuntotrynewthings.ManyoftherecordsRushsetsareunusual.He’sbalanced101rollsoftoiletpaperonhishead.He’scaught59marshmallows(棉花软糖)inhismouthinoneminute.Rush’sfamilysupportshiminhisefforts.Histhreechildrenenjoypracticingwithhim.In2021,hiswifeallowedRushtowrap(用……包裹)herinplasticwraptosetanewrecord.MostofRush’srecordsgetsetathishome,withvolunteershelpingout,carefullyrecordingtheevent.ButRush’smainjobisgivingencouragingspeechesatbusinessesandschools.Technologyisveryimportantintoday’sworld,andthatmakeshimabigfanofSTEM(Science,Technology,Engineering,andMath)ineducation.Hewantsstudentstobelievethateveniftheystrugglewithscienceormath,theycanstillbecomeanengineeroranythingtheywanttobecome.Inall,Rushhasbrokenover300GuinnessWorldRecords,butmanyoftheserecordshavebeenbrokenagain.HevisitedthemainofficeofGuinnessWorldRecordsinLondon,England.Duringhisvisit,heset15worldrecordsinasingleday.4.WhatmainlydrivesRushtosetrecords?A.Hiscuriosityaboutnewthings.B.Hisgoaltowinmostworldtitles.C.Hispreferenceforblindfoldedjuggling.D.Hisdeterminationtochallengehimself.5.WhatdoweknowaboutRush’sGuinnessWorldRecords?A.Hebrokehisownrecordinblindfoldedjuggling.B.Hefailedinbalancingtoiletpaperrollsonhishead.C.Hefirstsetarecordinwrappinghiskidsinplasticwrap.D.Hesettworecordsincatchingmarshmallowsinhismouth.6.WhatmessagedoesRushexpressinhisspeechesatschoolsandbusinesses?A.Thenecessityofphysicalfitness.B.Theimportanceofbecomingfamous.C.Hisencouragementtogoafterdreams.D.Hisdissatisfactionwithbreakingrecords.7.Whichcanbethemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.HoldingaWorldRecordbyChance.B.SettingaRecordbySettingRecords.C.TheJourneyofaRecord-breakingFamily.D.TheScienceBehindGuinnessWorldRecords.【答案】4.D5.A6.C7.B【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了DavidRush不断打破吉尼斯世界纪录的故事，他以此激励人们挑战自我、追求梦想。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Rush,who’s40,beganworkingtosetworldrecordstoshowhowimportantitistokeepdoingourbestandpushourownlimits,evenwhenthingsarehard.(40岁的Rush开始努力创造世界纪录，以表明即使在困难的时候，我们也要尽力而为，挑战自己的极限，这是非常重要的)”可知，是他挑战自己的决心主要驱使Rush去创造纪录。故选D。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Afterpracticingforseveralweeks,Rushmanagedtojuggleblindfoldedfor6minutesand34seconds.ThatwasRush’sfirstGuinnessWorldRecord.Heevenbrokethisrecordtwiceinarow.(经过几个星期的练习，Rush成功地蒙着眼睛杂耍了6分钟34秒。这是Rush的第一个吉尼斯世界纪录。他甚至连续两次打破了这个纪录)”可知，关于Rush的吉尼斯世界纪录，我们知道他打破了自己蒙眼杂耍的纪录。故选A。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段“ButRush’smainjobisgivingencouragingspeechesatbusinessesandschools.(但Rush的主要工作是在企业和学校发表鼓舞人心的演讲)”和“Hewantsstudentstobelievethateveniftheystrugglewithscienceormath,theycanstillbecomeanengineeroranythingtheywanttobecome.(他希望学生们相信，即使他们在科学或数学上遇到困难，他们仍然可以成为工程师或任何他们想成为的人)”可知，Rush在学校和企业的演讲中表达了他鼓励人们追逐梦想这一信息。故选C。【7题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了DavidRush不断打破吉尼斯世界纪录的故事，他以此激励人们挑战自我、追求梦想，他创造了保持最多吉尼斯世界纪录的新纪录，由此可知，B项：“SettingaRecordbySettingRecords.(通过创造纪录来创造纪录)”这一标题最适合这篇文章。故选B。CFakereviews(虚假评论)arefoundacrossawiderangeofpopularshoppingwebsites.Thesereviewsareoftentradedbetweenfakereviewdealersandbusinesseswillingtopay.Sometimes,businessesgetgoodreviewsinexchangeforofferingbuyersrewards(奖励)suchasgiftcards.ButAItoolsallowpeopletoproducereviewsfasterandingreaternumbers,technologyindustryexpertssay.TheTransparencyCompanyisatechnologycompanyandpublicprotectiongroupthatusessoftwaretodiscoverfakereviews.Forarecentreport,thecompanyexamined73millionreviewsinthreeareas:home,legalandmedicalservices.Nearly14percentofthereviewswerelikelyfake.Thecompanyexpresseda“highdegreeofconfidence”that2．3millionreviewswerepartlyortotallyAI-produced.TheFederalTradeCommission（FTC）,whichbanned(明令禁止)thetradeoffakereviewsin2024,saidthesereviewswereforbusinesseslikegaragedoorfixersandsellersoffakedesignerbags.LastSeptember,FTCtooklegalactionagainstanAIwritingtoolandcontentproducer,accusingthecompanyofofferingaservicethatcouldpollutethemarketplacewithfakereviews.SeveralmajortechcompaniesaredevelopingpoliciesforhowAI-producedcontentfitsintotheirsystemsforremovingfakereviewsontheirshoppingwebsites.Somecompaniesalreadyusespecialprogramsandteamstoblockorremovealargenumberofdoubtfulreviewsandaccounts.KayDean,whorunsapublicprotectiongroupcalledFakeReviewWatch,said,“Ifthesetechcompaniesaresodevotedtoremovingfakereviewsontheirplatforms,whycanIfindhundredsoreventhousandsoffakereviewsonanygivenday?”TheCoalitionforTrustedReviews,anorganizationsetupbysomebigshoppingwebsitesin2023,saidthateventhoughpeoplemayputAItoillegaluse,thetechnologycouldalsopresent“anopportunitytopushbackagainstthosewhowanttousereviewstomisleadothers”.8.Whatdoesthefirstparagraphintendtoshow?A.Whyshoppingwebsitesreward.B.Howfakereviewscomeintobeing.C.Howbusinessesdiscoverfakereviews.D.Whyfakereviewdealerswantfakereviews.9.Howisparagraph2developed?A.Bycomparingfacts. B.Byprovidingexamples.C.Bylistingnumbers. D.Byexplainingreasons.10.WhatisKayDean’sattitudetosomemajortechcompanies’efforts?A.Grateful. B.Dissatisfied. C.Uncaring. D.Inspired.11.WhatdoesCoalitionforTrustedReviewswanttoexpressinthelastparagraph?A.AIhastwosidesinmanagingfakereviews.B.AIwilltotallyremovefakereviewsoneday.C.AIisnotadvancedenoughtoaffectreviews.D.AIshouldbebannedfromreviewplatforms.【答案】8.B9.C10.B11.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了虚假评论在购物网站上的泛滥现象，以及科技公司和政策制定者对此采取的措施。【8题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Thesereviewsareoftentradedbetweenfakereviewdealersandbusinesseswillingtopay.Sometimes,businessesgetgoodreviewsinexchangeforofferingbuyersrewardssuchasgiftcards.ButAItoolsallowpeopletoproducereviewsfasterandingreaternumbers.(这些评论经常在虚假评论交易者和愿意支付费用的企业之间进行交易。有时，企业会提供买家奖励，如礼品卡，以换取好评。但人工智能工具让人们能够更快、更大量地生成评论。)”可知，第一段主要介绍了虚假评论是如何产生的，包括交易和通过AI工具快速生成。故选B。【9题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段“Forarecentreport,thecompanyexamined73millionreviewsinthreeareas:home,legalandmedicalservices.Nearly14percentofthereviewswerelikelyfake.Thecompanyexpresseda‘highdegreeofconfidence’that2.3millionreviewswerepartlyortotallyAI-produced.(在最近的一份报告中，该公司调查了家庭、法律和医疗服务三个领域的7300万条评论。近14%的评论可能是假的。该公司表示‘高度确信’，其中有230万条评论部分或全部是由人工智能生成的。)”可知，第二段是通过列出具体的数字来展开论述的。故选C。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据第五段“Ifthesetechcompaniesaresodevotedtoremovingfakereviewsontheirplatforms,whycanIfindhundredsoreventhousandsoffakereviewsonanygivenday?(如果这些科技公司如此致力于删除其平台上的虚假评论，为什么我在任何一天都能找到数百甚至数千条虚假评论？)”可知，KayDean对这些科技公司在删除虚假评论方面的努力表示不满，认为他们并没有有效地解决问题。故选B。【11题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“TheCoalitionforTrustedReviews,anorganizationsetupbysomebigshoppingwebsitesin2023,saidthateventhoughpeoplemayputAItoillegaluse,thetechnologycouldalsopresent‘anopportunitytopushbackagainstthosewhowanttousereviewstomisleadothers’.(可信赖评论联盟是由一些大型购物网站于2023年成立的一个组织，该组织表示，尽管人们可能会将人工智能用于非法用途，但这项技术也可能成为‘一个机会，来反击那些想要利用评论来误导他人的人’。)”可知，可信赖评论联盟在最后一段想要表达的是，人工智能在管理虚假评论方面既有可能被滥用，也有可能成为打击虚假评论的工具，即人工智能有两面性。故选A。DWehavebeenwellawarethatthere’ssomerelationshipbetweenexerciseandmentalhealth.Butscientistshavenowmadeitofficial:Researchhasfoundadirectconnectionbetweenexerciseandmood(心情).Eachtimeyouworkupasweat,yourbodygivesofffeel-goodchemicalsthathelptoupliftourspirits.Nowresearchersarepointingtomyokines(肌细胞因子)—called“hopemolecules”—asanimportantcontributortothementalhealthbenefitsofexercise.Whenyouworkout,yourmusclescontract(收缩)andchainsofmyokinesaregivenoffintothebloodstream,helpingyourmusclesandotherpartsofyourbodycommunicate.Researchersarelookingintotheeffectofmyokinesonthebrain.Theyfindsuchcommunicationincreasestheabilitytofightstress,reducesfeelingsofanxiety.Arecentstudyshowedthatmentalhealthissuesofdepression(抑郁症)suffererscouldbealleviatedwhenphysicalactivityisaddedtotheusualcare.“Whileexercisecannottaketheplaceofprofessionalmentalhealthtreatment,physicalactivitycanmakeupforandstrengthentheeffectsofthetreatment,”saysleadresearcherBenSinghfromtheUniversityofSouthAustralia.Everymovecounts.Whetheryou’recycling,swimming,walkingaroundyourneighbourhoodordoingyoga,gettingsweatyisgoodforyourbodyandmind.Buthowmuchactivityisenoughtokeepmentallyhealthy?Therearepeoplereportingbenefitsafter12weeksofexercisingfor30to60minutesaday.Expertssuggestthatyouaimforaminimumof10to30minutes,3to5dayseachweek.Whenitcomestoreducingdepression,studiesshowthatthekeyfactorinexerciseisnothowintense(激烈的)itis,butratherhowlongitlasts.Justtenminutesoflightmovement,likegentlelapsinthepoolorwalkingyourdog,isenoughtoliftyourmood,andtheeffectsincreaseforeverytenextraminutesthatyoumove,foruptoanhour.Exercisingbeyond60minutesdidn’tprovideextramentalhealthbenefits,accordingtoSingh’sstudy.12.Whathavescientistsdiscoveredabouttheconnectionbetweenexerciseandmood?A.Peopleusedtoovervaluethebenefitsofexercise.B.Theresultsofexerciseprovetobedisappointing.C.Exercisecanproducechemicalsmakingushappy.D.Exercisecanreducechemicalsstoppingsweating.13.Whatdoesparagraph2mainlyfocuson?A.Thereasonofresearchingmyokines.B.Thechangeofmusclesafterexercise.C.Theroleofmyokinesincommunication.D.Thescienceofexerciseaffectingmood.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“alleviated”inparagraph3mean?A.Lightened. B.Removed. C.Worsened. D.Understood.15.Whatmaytheauthoradviseustodoaccordingtothelastparagraph?A.Exerciseforoveranhour.B.Findabalanceinexercise.C.Takelightmovementifpossible.D.Dointenseexerciseinshorttime.【答案】12.C13.D14.A15.B【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了运动与心理健康的关系，强调了运动对情绪的积极影响。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Researchhasfoundadirectconnectionbetweenexerciseandmood(心情).Eachtimeyouworkupasweat,yourbodygivesofffeel-goodchemicalsthathelptoupliftourspirits.(研究发现锻炼和情绪之间有直接的联系。每次你出汗的时候，你的身体都会释放出感觉良好的化学物质，有助于振奋我们的精神。)”可知，科学家发现锻炼可以产生让我们快乐的化学物质。故选C。【13题详析】主旨大意题。根据第二段“Nowresearchersarepointingtomyokines(肌细胞因子)—called‘hopemolecules’—asanimportantcontributortothementalhealthbenefitsofexercise.(现在，研究人员指出，被称为‘希望分子’的肌细胞因子是锻炼对心理健康益处的重要贡献者。)”可知，本段主要关注的是锻炼影响情绪的科学原理，即肌细胞因子在锻炼对心理健康的积极作用中扮演的重要角色。故选D。【14题详析】词句猜测题。根据下文““Whileexercisecannottaketheplaceofprofessionalmentalhealthtreatment,physicalactivitycanmakeupforandstrengthentheeffectsofthetreatment,”saysleadresearcherBenSinghfromtheUniversityofSouthAustralia.(“虽然运动不能替代专业的心理健康治疗，但体育活动可以补充并增强治疗的效果，”南澳大利亚大学的首席研究员本·辛格（BenSingh）表示。)”可知，锻炼可以减轻抑郁症患者的心理健康问题，由此可知，alleviated意为“减轻”。故选A。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Justtenminutesoflightmovement,likegentlelapsinthepoolorwalkingyourdog,isenoughtoliftyourmood,andtheeffectsincreaseforeverytenextraminutesthatyoumove,foruptoanhour.Exercisingbeyond60minutesdidn’tprovideextramentalhealthbenefits,accordingtoSingh’sstudy.(仅仅10分钟的轻度运动，比如在游泳池里慢慢地游几圈或遛狗，就足以提升你的心情，而且每多运动10分钟，效果就会增加，最长可达一个小时。根据辛格的研究，锻炼超过60分钟并不会带来额外的心理健康益处。)”可知，作者建议我们在锻炼时长上找到平衡，既不过短也不过长，60分钟以内的适度锻炼对心理健康最有益。故选B。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Havingmoreenergywillmakeyouabletogetmoreworkdoneandtofeelhappierandhealthierthroughouttheday.Justfollowthesestepstobecomemoreenergetic.Eatahealthybreakfasteverymorning.____16____Youshouldhaveagoalofeatingbreakfast,though.Eatingahealthybreakfastwillnotonlymakeyoufeelpoweredupandalive,givingyoumoreenergyinthemornings,butithasbeenshowntolowerstress.Gooutside.Thisisespeciallyimportantifyouworkinanofficeandspendmostofyourdayatyourdesk.Takeabreakandgooutside,breathesomefreshair,andletthesunhityourface.Spendingjust20to30minutesoutsideeachdaywillhaveagreatimpactonyourenergylevel.____17____Getmovinganywayyoucan.Takeashortwalk,takethestairsinsteadoftheelevator,andwalktothebathroomonadifferentfloorofyourofficebuilding,ifyouhaveto.____18____Thiswillhelpraiseyourenergylevel.____19____Don’tjustsitthroughabusinessmeetingoraclass;askquestionsthatmakeyoumoreactivelyengagedandwakeyourmindup.Meetupwithfriendsintheeveningtogettalkingmore.Whenyou’reatwork,getupandaskyourco-workeraquestioninsteadofemailinghim—thewalkandtheconversationwillwakeyouup.Dressup.Doingsoismorelikelytomakeyoutakeyourselfseriouslyandtofeelmorealert(警觉的).____20____Butputtingonwell-fittingclotheswillmakeyoufeelmorealertthanifyou’rewearingsweatpantsaroundthehouse.A.Getsocial.B.Takebreaks.C.Makesuretomakephysicalactionsapartofyourdailylife.D.Anyformofmealswillmakepeoplemoreenergeticandawake.E.Thisdoesn’tmeanyouhavetodressformallyifyou’rehomealone.F.Youmightnotbefeelinghungryorarerunningoutoftimeinthemorning.G.Andifyouhavesomeworkthatcanbedoneoutside,thenbringittothepark.【答案】16.F17.G18.C19.A20.E【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了让人变得更有活力的几个方法。【16题详析】根据上文“Eatahealthybreakfasteverymorning.(每天早上吃一顿健康的早餐。)”和下文“Youshouldhaveagoalofeatingbreakfast,though.(不过，你应该把吃早餐作为目标。)”可知，此处内容应与早餐有关，且下文提到应该把吃早餐作为目标，说明有时候可能做不到每天都吃早餐。选项F“你可能早上不觉得饿或者时间不够”符合语境，承上启下，既提到了与早餐有关的内容，又解释了为什么有时候做不到每天都吃早餐。故选F。【17题详析】根据上文“Spendingjust20to30minutesoutsideeachdaywillhaveagreatimpactonyourenergylevel.(每天只花20到30分钟在户外，就会对你的能量水平产生很大的影响。)”可知，此处内容应与在户外有关，且强调在户外的好处。选项G“如果你有一些可以在外面完成的工作，那就带到公园去做”进一步延伸提出建议，指出可以在户外进行的工作可以带到公园去做，符合语境。故选G。【18题详析】根据上文“Getmovinganywayyoucan.(尽你所能动起来。)”和下文“Thiswillhelpraiseyourenergylevel.(这将有助于提高你的能量水平。)”可知，此处内容应与身体活动有关，且强调身体活动对提高能量水平的作用。选项C“确保将身体活动作为你日常生活的一部分”符合语境，承上启下，既提到了与身体活动有关的内容，又引出了下文提高能量水平的话题。故选C。【19题详析】为本段主旨句；根据下文“Don’tjustsitthroughabusinessmeetingoraclass;askquestionsthatmakeyoumoreactivelyengagedandwakeyourmindup.Meetupwithfriendsintheeveningtogettalkingmore.(不要只是坐着参加商务会议或上课；问一些能让你更积极参与并唤醒你思维的问题。晚上和朋友见面，多聊聊。)”可知，本段主要讲的是进行社交活动提高自己的能量水平。选项A“进行社交”符合语境，能够概括本段主旨。故选A。【20题详析】根据上文“Dressup.Doingsoismorelikelytomakeyoutakeyourselfseriouslyandtofeelmorealert.(打扮一下。这样做更有可能让你认真对待自己，感觉更加警觉。)”和下文“Butputtingonwell-fittingclotheswillmakeyoufeelmorealertthanifyou’rewearingsweatpantsaroundthehouse.(但是穿上合身的衣服会让你比在家里穿运动裤更警觉。)”可知，此处内容应与穿着有关，且存在转折关系。选项E“这并不意味着如果你一个人在家，你就必须穿得很正式”符合语境，承上启下，既提到了与穿着有关的内容，又与下文形成了转折关系。故选E。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。LenaFordwas7whenshestartedARTingforYou.Forthisproject,Lenacollectedartsuppliesand____21____themtokidsinhomelessshelters.Hergrandmaalwayswantedtogivebacktoothers,andLenawas____22____bythat.Twoyearslater,she____23____asmallbusinesscalledPositivelyLena.Itsellsproductswith____24____messages,includingabookshewroteto____25____kidstoprotectthemselvesfrombullying(霸凌).Andmostofthemoneysheearnswenttowardshercharitable(慈善的)efforts.LenathensetupKinship(亲属关系)FamilyInitiativein2022tohelpkidswhoare____26____byafamilyfriendorarelative.Thiscause(事业)____27____alottoLena,becausehermomandhermom’sbrotherswereraisedinkinshipcare.OnewayLena____28____isbycreating“positivitybags”packedwithschoolsuppliesandbooks.Lenasays,“____29____,itmakesmefeelreallyhappyknowingthatI’mmakinga_____30_____.”Lenahopesmorepeopletakeactiontospread_____31_____.Itdoesn’thavetobeagreatact;itcanevenbesomethingas_____32_____asgivingsomeoneacompliment(赞美),whichcanmaketheir_____33_____.Youneverknowhow_____34_____yourkindactcanbe.Apersonwhoistreatednicelyismorelikelytoshowthattosomeoneelse_____35_____.21.A.donated B.showed C.lent D.explained22.A.separated B.inspired C.frightened D.cheated23.A.quitted B.destroyed C.established D.challenged24.A.clear B.formal C.creative D.helpful25.A.guide B.stop C.allow D.invite26.A.thoughtof B.broughtup C.takenout D.leftalone27.A.speaks B.earns C.means D.worsens28.A.praises B.visits C.prevents D.contributes29.A.Honestly B.Curiously C.However D.Still30.A.call B.difference C.mistake D.mark31.A.information B.strategy C.kindness D.power32.A.popular B.confusing C.wise D.small33.A.promise B.day C.point D.way34.A.influential B.obvious C.equal D.professional35.A.ontime B.atlength C.inadvance D.inreturn【答案】21.A22.B23.C24.D25.A26.B27.C28.D29.A30.B31.C32.D33.B34.A35.D【语篇解读】本文为一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了LenaFord从小受祖母影响，热心公益，创立自己的小企业，用赚来的钱做慈善，并创立亲属关系家庭倡议，通过实际行动传播善良，鼓励人们以善报善。【21题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Lena为这个项目收集艺术用品，并把它们捐赠给无家可归者收容所的孩子们。A.donated捐赠；B.showed展示；C.lent借出；D.explained解释。根据下文“Hergrandmaalwayswantedtogivebacktoothers”可知，Lena的祖母总是想回馈他人，所以Lena应该是把收集到的艺术用品捐赠给无家可归者收容所的孩子们。故选A。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的祖母总是想回报别人，Lena受到了祖母的启发。A.separated分离；B.inspired启发，激励；C.frightened使害怕；D.cheated欺骗。根据上文“Hergrandmaalwayswantedtogivebacktoothers”可知，祖母总是想回馈他人，这种行为启发了Lena做好事。故选B。【23题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：两年后，她创立了一家名为“PositivelyLena”的小企业。A.quitted放弃；B.destroyed摧毁；C.established建立，创立；D.challenged挑战。根据下文“asmallbusinesscalledPositivelyLena”可知，Lena创立了一家小企业。故选C。【24题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它出售带有有帮助性信息的产品，包括她写的一本书，旨在指导孩子们保护自己免受欺凌。A.clear清晰的；B.formal正式的；C.creative有创造力的；D.helpful有帮助的。根据下文“includingabookshewroteto________kidstoprotectthemselvesfrombullying”可知，Lena写的书旨在指导孩子们保护自己免受欺凌，所以这本书应该是带有有帮助性的信息。故选D。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.guide指导；B.stop停止；C.allow允许；D.invite邀请。根据下文“kidstoprotectthemselvesfrombullying”可知，此处指指导孩子们保护自己免受欺凌。故选A。【26题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：2022年，Lena成立了亲属关系家庭倡议，帮助那些由家庭朋友或亲戚抚养长大的孩子。A.thoughtof想起；B.broughtup抚养；C.takenout拿出；D.leftalone不打扰。根据下文“becausehermomandhermom’sbrotherswereraisedinkinshipcare”可知，Lena的妈妈和舅舅们都是在亲属的照顾下长大的，所以此处指帮助那些由家庭朋友或亲戚抚养长大的孩子。故选B。【27题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这项事业对Lena来说意义重大，因为她的妈妈和舅舅们都是在亲属的照顾下长大的。A.speaks说；B.earns赚得；C.means意味着；D.worsens使恶化。根据下文“becausehermomandhermom’sbrotherswereraisedinkinshipcare”可知，因为她的妈妈和舅舅们都是在亲属的照顾下长大的，所以这项事业对Lena来说意义重大。故选C。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Lena做出贡献的一种方式就是创建装满学习用品和书籍的“正能量包”。A.praises赞扬；B.visits拜访；C.prevents阻止；D.contributes贡献。根据下文“bycreating‘positivitybags’packedwithschoolsuppliesandbooks”可知，创建装满学习用品和书籍的“正能量包”是Lena为这项事业做出贡献的一种方式。故选D。【29题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：老实说，知道自己在发挥作用，这让我感到非常高兴。A.Honestly老实说；B.Curiously好奇地；C.However然而；D.Still仍然。根据下文“itmakesmefeelreallyhappyknowingthatI’mmakinga________.”可知，做慈善让Lena感到很高兴，是因为她知道自己在发挥作用，这是她的真心话，所以此处用“老实说”符合语境。故选A。【30题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.call打电话；B.difference不同；C.mistake错误；D.mark标记。根据上文“itmakesmefeelreallyhappy”可知，做慈善让Lena感到很高兴，是因为她知道自己在发挥作用，makeadifference“有影响，起作用”为固定短语。故选B。【31题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Lena希望更多人采取行动传播善良。A.information信息；B.strategy策略；C.kindness善良；D.power力量。根据下文“Apersonwhoistreatednicelyismorelikelytoshowthattosomeoneelse________.”可知，Lena希望人们以善报善，所以她希望更多人采取行动传播善良。故选C。【32题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它不必是一个伟大的行为；它甚至可以是像赞美别人这样的小事，这可以让他们的一天都很美好。A.popular受欢迎的；B.confusing令人困惑的；C.wise明智的；D.small小的。根据上文“Itdoesn’thavetobeagreatact”可知，善良的行为不必伟大，甚至可以是像赞美别人这样的小事。故选D。【33题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.promise承诺；B.day天；C.point点；D.way方法。根据上文“givingsomeoneacompliment”可知，赞美别人这样的小事可以让他们的一天都很美好，makeone’sday(让某人的一天很开心或美好)。故选B。【34题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你永远不知道你的善行会有多大的影响力。A.influential有影响力的；B.obvious明显的；C.equal平等的；D.professional专业的。根据下文“Apersonwhoistreatednicelyismorelikelytoshowthattosomeoneelse________.”可知，一个被善待的人很可能会以同样的方式对待别人，这说明善行是有影响力的。故选A。【35题详析】考查介词短语辨析。句意：一个被善待的人很可能会以善报善。A.ontime准时；B.atlength终于；C.inadvance提前；D.inreturn作为回报。根据上文“Apersonwhoistreatednicely”可知，一个被善待的人很可能会以同样的方式回报别人。故选D。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TheZhengyangmenArcheryTower(箭楼)____36____(date)backtotheMingDynasty(1368-1644).LocatedalongBeijing’scentralaxis(轴),itwasreopenedtothepubliclastmonth.TheZhengyangmenGateatthesouthernendofTian’anmenSquareincludestwoparts:thegatetowerinthenorthandthearcherytowerinthesouth.DuringtheMingandQingdynasties,theZhengyangmenArcheryTowerwaspartofanetworkofgates,allof____37____servedbothdefensiveandceremonial(防御和仪式的)purposes.____38____officerfromtheBeijingMunicipalCulturalHeritageBureaudescribedthepublicopeningofthearcherytower____39____amilestoneinitshistoryandasignificantachievementinprotectingBeijing’scentralaxis.Inrecentyears,thearcherytowerhasbeen____40____(careful)repairedusingauthentic(真实的)materialsandtraditionalcraftsmanship____41____(preserve)itshistoricalauthenticity.ABeijingresident(居民)____42____(name)WangYunvisitedthearcherytowerassoonasitreopenedtothepublic.Duringhervisit,sheenjoyedexhibitsofintangibleculturalheritage____43____(product)featuringtraditionalmusicandteaart.Inthefuture,moreeventsandactivities____44____(hold)tostressthehistoricalandculturalimportanceofZhengyangmenGateandBeijing’scentralaxis,aimingtodeepenpublic_____45_____(appreciate)fortheselandmarks.【答案】36.dates37.which38.An39.as40.carefully41.topreserve42.named43.products44.willbeheld45.appreciation【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了正阳门箭楼的历史、地理位置、修复工作以及其对外开放的意义。【36题详析】考查动词时态。句意：正阳门箭楼始建于明朝（1368-1644年）。陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语TheZhengyangmenArcheryTower为第三人称单数，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填dates。【37题详析】考查定语从句。句意：在明清两代，正阳门箭楼是城门网络的一部分，这些城门均兼具防御和仪式功能。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词anetworkofgates，指物，在定语从句中作介词of的宾语，需用关系代词which引导。故填which。【38题详析】考查冠词。句意：北京市文化遗产局的一名官员表示，箭楼的对外开放是其历史上的一个里程碑，也是保护北京中轴线的一项重大成就。officer为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且officer发音以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词an修饰，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填An。【39题详析】考查介词。句意同上。describe…as…为固定搭配，意为“把……描述成……”。故填as。【40题详析】考查副词。句意：近年来，箭楼已使用真实材料和传统工艺进行了精心修缮，以保留其历史原貌。修饰动词hasbeenrepaired，需用副词carefully，作状语。故填carefully。【41题详析】考查非谓语动词。句意同上。usesthtodosth为固定搭配，意为“使用某物做某事”。故填topreserve。【42题详析】考查非谓语动词。句意：一位名叫王云的北京居民在箭楼重新对外开放后立即前来参观。空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语，ABeijingresident和name为逻辑动宾关系，需用过去分词形式。故填named。【43题详析】考查名词。句意：在参观过程中，她欣赏了以传统音乐和茶艺为特色的非物质文化遗产产品展览。空处需填名词作宾语，product是可数名词，此处表示泛指，前面没有限定词，需填名词复数形式。故填products。【44题详析】考查动词时态语态。句意：未来，将举办更多活动和事件，以强调正阳门和北京中轴线的历史和文化重要性，旨在加深公众对这些地标性建筑的认识和喜爱。根据时间状语“Inthefuture”可知，此处使用一般将来时，moreeventsandactivities和hold为被动关系，需用被动语态。故填willbeheld。【45题详析】考查名词。句意同上。动词deepen后接名词appreciation作宾语，表抽象概念，不可数。故填app