河南省三门峡市2025-2026学年高一上学期期末检测英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1河南省三门峡市2025-2026学年高一上学期期末检测英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AAspecialplacetostaycanmakeaholiday—butalsobreakthebank.WehavepickednewaffordableplacesinBrooklyn,NewYorkfor$150aroomanightorless.ArloWilliamsburgHotelSearchingforaroomwithaview?Well,looknofurther.Manyofthe126roomsatthishotelhavefloor-to-ceilingwindowslookingoutacrossManhattan.There’salsoavastrooftoppool—you’llhaveahardtimefindingabetterspotfromwhichtosurveytheskyline.ToexploreBrooklyn,free-to-usebicyclesareavailableonrequest.NUHotelThereare93minimalistroomsatNUHotel,eachdecoratedindividually.Freebreakfastandon-sitefitnesscentreareamongitspleasantness.Butit’sthelocationthatreallysetsthishotelapartfromitscompetitors.AllcornersofBrooklynarewithineasyreach.Hungry?WalkdowntoGus’sChopHouseatUnionStreet,whereeverydishisdelicious.TheBoxHouseHotelThe147-roomBoxHouseHotelmakesanidealbasefromwhichtoexploreBrooklyn’sGreenpoint.There’sahomelyfeeltotheaccommodationhere,andthedecorationsareanythingbutstuffy.Thispopularresidentialareahasnoshortageoffoodanddrinkoptions.Plus,you’reonlya10minutewalkuptotheGrandCentralStation.TheRockawayHotelThisbeach-sidepropertyhas53rooms.TherelaxedrooftoprestaurantandbarhasviewsofboththedistantManhattanskylineandouttotheAtlantic.Relaxbythepoolinthespa,orheadtothebeachwheresummersun,sandandsurfawaityou.For$4theJamaicaBayferrytakesyoudirecttoBrooklynandthenintoManhattan.1.WhatisthebiggestadvantageofNUHotel?A.Freebreakfast. B.Convenientlocation.C.On-sitefitnesscentre. D.DeliciousfoodinGus’sChopHouse.2.HowcanguestsgettoBrooklynandManhattanfromTheRockawayHotel?A.Bywalkingfor10minutes. B.Bydrivingacar.C.BytakingtheJamaicaBayferry. D.Byusingfreebicycles.3.WhatdoArloWilliamsburgHotelandTheRockawayHotelhaveincommon?A.Haveover100rooms. B.OfferfreetransportationtoManhattan.C.ArelocatedinBrooklyn’sGreenpoint. D.HaveroomswithviewsofManhattan.【答案】1.B2.C3.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了纽约布鲁克林区每晚每间150美元及以下的几家平价住宿地，包括阿洛威廉斯堡酒店、NU酒店、博克斯豪斯酒店和罗卡韦酒店，阐述了它们各自的特色。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据“NUHotel”部分中“Butit’sthelocationthatreallysetsthishotelapartfromitscompetitors.AllcornersofBrooklynarewithineasyreach.(但真正使这家酒店区别于竞争对手的是它的位置。布鲁克林的各个角落都很容易到达)”可知，NU酒店最大的优势是便利的位置，故选B项。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据“TheRockawayHotel”部分中“For$4theJamaicaBayferrytakesyoudirecttoBrooklynandthenintoManhattan.(花4美元，乘坐牙买加湾渡轮可以直接带你到布鲁克林，然后进入曼哈顿)”可知，客人可以乘坐牙买加湾渡轮从罗卡韦酒店前往布鲁克林和曼哈顿。故选C项。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据“ArloWilliamsburgHotel”部分中“Manyofthe126roomsatthishotelhavefloor-to-ceilingwindowslookingoutacrossManhattan.(这家酒店的126间客房中有许多都有落地窗，可以俯瞰曼哈顿)”以及“TheRockawayHotel”部分中“TherelaxedrooftoprestaurantandbarhasviewsofboththedistantManhattanskylineandouttotheAtlantic.(轻松惬意的屋顶餐厅和酒吧可以看到远处曼哈顿的天际线和大西洋)”可知，阿洛威廉斯堡酒店和罗卡韦酒店的共同之处是有可以欣赏曼哈顿景色的客房。故选D项。BAt5:45am,thesunrisesoverGombeNationalParkinEastAfrica.FollowingJaneGoodall’sresearchmethod,ourgroupheadstotheforesttovisitchimps(黑猩猩).Janehasstudiedthesechimpfamiliesforyears,helpingpeoplerealizehowsimilartheirbehaviorsaretohumans.Ourfirsttaskistowatchachimpfamilywakeup—wereturntothetreewheretheysleptthenightbefore.Wesitquietlyintheshadeasthechimpswakeupandmoveout,thenfollowthemintotheforest.Chimpsmostlyfeedorgroomeachothertoshowaffection.Thoughweenduptiredanddirtybyafternoon,theeveningrewardsus:wewatchamotherchimpplaywithherbabiesandthensleeptogetherintheirnest,realizingthestrongbondinchimpfamiliesisastightasthatinhumanfamilies.BeforeJane,noonefullyunderstoodchimpbehavior.Shehaddreamedofworkingwithanimalsintheirnaturalhabitatsincechildhood,butthiswaschallenging.WhenshearrivedinGombein1960,itwasrareforawomantoliveintheforest.Onlywithhermother’shelpinthefirstfewmonthscouldshestartherproject.Herdiscoverieschangedpeople’sviews:shefoundthatchimpshuntandeatmeat(previouslythoughttoliveonfruitsandnuts)anduncoveredtheircommunicationwaysandsocialsystemsthroughobservingtheirbodylanguage.For40years,Janehasadvocatedforchimps’protection,arguingwildanimalsshouldstayinthewildandnotbeusedforentertainmentorads.Shehelpedestablishsafehabitatsforthem.Despiteabusylife,sheremainscommittedtohercause.Shehasachievedallhergoals:workingwithanimalsinthewild,earningadoctorate,andprovingwomencanthriveintheforest.Shecontinuestoinspirethosewhocheerwomen’sachievements.4.Whatdoweknowabouttheauthor’svisittothechimps?A.Theyvisitedthechimpsintheafternoon.B.Theyhelpedthechimpsgroomeachother.C.Theyfeltthetripworthwhileintheevening.D.Theylivedwiththechimpsintheirnestatnight.5.Whichofthefollowingbestreflectsthelong-termimpactofJane’swork?A.MorefamiliesvisitGombe. B.Peoplenowappreciatechimpsinanewway.C.Peoplenowliveclosertochimps. D.Morescientistsstudyforestanimals.6.WhywasJane’sprojecthardtostartatfirst?A.Shelackedenoughresearchfunds.B.Shehadnopriorexperiencewithchimps.C.Thechimpsweretoodangeroustoapproach.D.Womenwererarelyallowedtoliveintheforestthen.7.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Tocallonpeopletoprotectwildanimals.B.Toexplainthesimilaritiesbetweenchimpsandhumans.C.Todescribetheauthor’samazingtriptoGombeNationalPark.D.TointroduceJaneGoodall’sresearchonchimpsandherachievements.【答案】4.C5.B6.D7.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了珍·古道尔对黑猩猩的研究及其成就。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Thoughweenduptiredanddirtybyafternoon,theeveningrewardsus:wewatchamotherchimpplaywithherbabiesandthensleeptogetherintheirnest,realizingthestrongbondinchimpfamiliesisastightasthatinhumanfamilies.(虽然到了下午我们累得浑身是土，但傍晚时分我们得到了回报：我们看到一只黑猩猩妈妈和她的孩子们玩耍，然后一起睡在它们的窝里，意识到黑猩猩家庭中的纽带和人类家庭中的一样紧密)”可知，作者在傍晚时分觉得这次旅行是值得的。故选C项。【5题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段“Herdiscoverieschangedpeople’sviews:shefoundthatchimpshuntandeatmeat(previouslythoughttoliveonfruitsandnuts)anduncoveredtheircommunicationwaysandsocialsystemsthroughobservingtheirbodylanguage.(她的发现改变了人们的看法：她发现黑猩猩捕猎并吃肉(以前人们认为它们只吃水果和坚果)，并通过观察它们的肢体语言揭示了它们的交流方式和社会系统)”可知，珍·古道尔的研究让人们以新的方式认识黑猩猩。故选B项。【6题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“WhenshearrivedinGombein1960,itwasrareforawomantoliveintheforest.Onlywithhermother’shelpinthefirstfewmonthscouldshestartherproject.(1960年，当她抵达贡贝时，很少有女性住在森林里。在最初的几个月里，只有在母亲的帮助下，她才能开始她的项目)”可知，珍·古道尔的项目一开始很难开展是因为当时女性很少被允许住在森林里。故选D项。【7题详析】推理判断题。文章先以作者的黑猩猩探访经历引入，随后重点介绍珍・古道尔对黑猩猩的研究过程、重要发现，以及她为保护黑猩猩所做的努力和取得的各项成就，文章的主要目的是介绍珍·古道尔对黑猩猩的研究及其成果。故选D项。CKnownworldwideasthe“lungsoftheplanet,”theAmazonrainforestspansninenations,functioningasavitalhabitatformillionsofspeciesandamassivestorageforcarbon.Evenasitencountersseverethreatsfromclimatechangeandwidespreaddeforestation(砍伐森林),arecentstudyhasmadeashockingrevelation:therainforest’streesareinfactgrowinglargerinsize.Ateamofnearly100researcherstrackedthesizeoftreesin188plotsacrosstheAmazonrainforestfrom1971to2015.Theyfoundthattheaveragetreesize—coveringbothsmallandlargetrees—roseby3.3percentperdecade.Thisgrowthistiedtotheincreasinglevelsofatmosphericcarbondioxide(CO2).“LargetreesplayacrucialroleinabsorbingatmosphericCO2,whichinturnactsasafertilizertofeedthem.ThegreateravailabilityofatmosphericCO2causedbyclimatechangeenhancesphotosynthesis(光合作用),acceleratingtreegrowth,”notedAdrianeEsquivel-Muelbert,jointleadauthorofthestudy.Whilethetreegrowthdeliversencouragingnews,theresearchalsohighlightssignificantrisks.Treesmaybecomemorevulnerabletootherclimate-inducedfactors,suchasdroughts,heatwaves,andwildfires.Humanactivitieslikedeforestationandtheexpansionofroadsandfarmlandcouldalsoweakenthetrees’capacitytoabsorbCO2.“Althoughourresearchshowsthattreesinintact(完整的)forestsarestillincreasinginsize,thecarbonsinkbenefitsofthisgrowthcanbeeasilycanceledoutbydeforestationandloggingimpacts.OurresultsindicatethattheAmazonrainforestishighlyresilienttoclimatechange.Myconcernisthatthisresiliencewillbemeaninglessunlesswecanputanendtodeforestationitself,”Esquivel-Muelbertstated.8.WhatcanwelearnaboutclimatechangefromtheAmazontrees’growth?A.Itmerelyharmsnature. B.Itmakestreesgrowfastereverywhere.C.Ithasnoeffectonforests. D.Itcanbringunexpectedeffectstonature.9.Whatdoes“vulnerable”(underlinedinParagraph4)mostprobablymean?A.Sensitive. B.Accustomed. C.Committed. D.Essential.10.WhatdoesEsquivel-Muelbertimplyaboutresilience?A.Itsolvesemissions. B.Itreliesonlogging.C.Itwillvanishsoon. D.Itneedsanti-deforestation.11.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.TheimportanceoftheAmazonrainforest.B.HowCO2affectsAmazontreegrowth.C.Amazontreesgrowinglargerbutthreatened.D.DeforestationanditsAmazonimpacts.【答案】8.D9.A10.D11.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍亚马逊雨林树木因大气二氧化碳增多体型变大的现象，也指出树木仍面临多种威胁，毁林还会抵消其固碳的积极作用。【8题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Evenasitencountersseverethreatsfromclimatechangeandwidespreaddeforestation(砍伐森林),arecentstudyhasmadeashockingrevelation:therainforest’streesareinfactgrowinglargerinsize.(尽管亚马逊雨林面临着气候变化和大面积砍伐森林带来的严重威胁，但最近的一项研究有了一个令人震惊的发现：雨林中的树木实际上体型变得更大了。)”可知，气候变化虽给雨林带来严重威胁，却意外让雨林树木体型变大，说明其对大自然能带来意想不到的影响。故选D项。【9题详析】词句猜测题。根据第四段中的“Whilethetreegrowthdeliversencouragingnews,theresearchalsohighlightssignificantrisks.Treesmaybecomemorevulnerabletootherclimate-inducedfactors,suchasdroughts,heatwaves,andwildfires.(虽然树木的生长带来了令人鼓舞的消息，但该研究也强调了重大的风险。树木可能会变得更vulnerable受到干旱、热浪和野火等其他气候引发的因素的影响。)”可知，前文提及树木生长背后存在重大风险，后文列举气候引发的各类不利因素，由此推知vulnerable意为“易受影响的”，与sensitive的意义相近。故选A项。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据第五段中的“OurresultsindicatethattheAmazonrainforestishighlyresilienttoclimatechange.Myconcernisthatthisresiliencewillbemeaninglessunlesswecanputanendtodeforestationitself,”Esquivel-Muelbertstated.(“我们的研究结果表明，亚马逊雨林对气候变化具有高度的恢复力。我担心的是，除非我们能彻底制止砍伐森林的行为本身，否则这种恢复力将毫无意义，”Esquivel-Muelbert描述道)”可知，Esquivel-Muelbert指出雨林虽有强恢复力，但这种恢复力的存在需要以制止毁林为前提，即恢复力的发挥需要反砍伐森林的行动作为支撑。故选D项。【11题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Evenasitencountersseverethreatsfromclimatechangeandwidespreaddeforestation(砍伐森林),arecentstudyhasmadeashockingrevelation:therainforest’streesareinfactgrowinglargerinsize.(尽管亚马逊雨林面临着气候变化和大面积砍伐森林带来的严重威胁，但最近的一项研究有了一个令人震惊的发现：雨林中的树木实际上体型变得更大了)”以及第四段中的“Whilethetreegrowthdeliversencouragingnews,theresearchalsohighlightssignificantrisks.(虽然树木的生长带来了令人鼓舞的消息，但该研究也强调了重大的风险)”和第五段中的“Althoughourresearchshowsthattreesinintact(完整的)forestsarestillincreasinginsize,thecarbonsinkbenefitsofthisgrowthcanbeeasilycanceledoutbydeforestationandloggingimpacts.(尽管我们的研究表明，完整森林中的树木仍在变大，但这种生长带来的固碳益处很容易被砍伐森林和伐木的影响抵消)”可知，文章核心围绕亚马逊雨林树木体型变大这一现象展开，同时详细阐述了树木面临的气候、人类活动等多重威胁，以及毁林行为会抵消树木生长带来的积极作用，整体讲述了亚马逊树木体型变大却依旧面临威胁的现状。故选C项。DHumans’thinkingisgreatlyaffectedbythegrouparoundthem.Thisphenomenon,calledherdmentality,describesthetendencyofindividualstoadoptthebehaviors,beliefs,andattitudesofthegroupstowhichtheybelong.Itshapesourthoughtsanddecisions,oftenwithoutconsciousawareness.Fromsocialmediatrendstoconsumerbehaviorpatterns,herdmentalityaffectshowwethinkandact.Butareweactuallyindependentthinkers,orarewesimplyfollowingthecrowd?Herdmentalityhasdevelopmentalroots.Forearlyhumans,survivaldependedongroupcohesion(凝聚力).Thosewhostayedwiththetribeenjoyedprotectionandaccesstoresources,whilelonersfacedthreatsalone.Overgenerations,thisadaptivebehaviorbecameanaturalpartoflife.Today,althoughthephysicaldangersofbeingalonehavedecreased,thepsychologicalpullofthegroupremainspowerful.Humansarenaturallysocialbeings,motivatedbyabasicdesiretobeacceptedandtofeelasenseofbelonging.Ouridentitiesareoftentiedtothegroupswebelongto,andthefearofrejectiondrivesustofollow,evenatthecostofourpersonalbeliefs.Thisgrouppressureisstrengthenedbycognitivebiasesthatmisleadjudgment.Theherdmentalityleadsindividualstotrustthemajorityopinionwithoutcriticallyevaluatingit,whilerepeatedexposuretothesameinformationcanmakeitseemmorebelievable.Socialmediastrengthensthesebiasesbypromotingpopularcontentovertruth,creatingechochambers(信息茧房)thatsupportexistingbeliefsratherthanchallengethem.Herdmentalitycanhavepositiveeffectsinsomecases,especiallywhenpeoplehavelimitedinformationorskills.Goingwiththecrowdcanbringbetterresults,becausethegroupknowsmorethananyoneperson.However,toomuchherdmentalitybringsrisks,includingstoppingindependentthinking,hurtingcreativity,andcausingfalseinformationtospread.Therefore,learningtothinkcritically—askingquestions,checkingfacts,andthinkingofdifferentideas—isessentialforbothpersonalindependenceandcollectiveprogress.12.Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?A.Theinfluencesofherdmentality. B.Thegoodsidesofherdmentality.C.Whyhumansliketostayingroups. D.Howtoavoidfollowingothersblindly.13.Whydidherdmentalitybecomeanaturalpartofhumanlife?A.Itmadepeoplefacemorephysicaldangers.B.Itletpeoplegetfewerresourcesfromtribes.C.Itstoppedhumansfromlivingingroups.D.Itenabledearlyhumanstosurvivesecurely.14.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph3?A.Cognitivebiasesguidepeople’srightjudgment.B.Socialmediacorrectspeople’swrongthinking.C.Peoplemaygiveuptheiropinionstofitingroups.D.Herdmentalitymakespeoplequestionthemajority.15.Whichofthefollowingistrueaboutherdmentality?A.Italwaysbringsbetterresultstopeople’slife.B.Itiscompletelyharmfultopersonalcreativity.C.Itshouldbetreatedinareasonableandwiseway.D.Itcanstopallfalseinformationfromspreading.【答案】12.A13.D14.C15.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了从众心理的影响、根源、利弊及应对方法。【12题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Humans’thinkingisgreatlyaffectedbythegrouparoundthem.Thisphenomenon,calledherdmentality,describesthetendencyofindividualstoadoptthebehaviors,beliefs,andattitudesofthegroupstowhichtheybelong.Itshapesourthoughtsanddecisions,oftenwithoutconsciousawareness.Fromsocialmediatrendstoconsumerbehaviorpatterns,herdmentalityaffectshowwethinkandact.(人类的思维深受周围群体的影响。这种现象被称为从众心理，描述了个体倾向于接受他们所属群体的行为、信仰和态度。它塑造了我们的想法和决定，往往没有意识到。从社交媒体趋势到消费者行为模式，从众心理影响着我们的思维和行为方式)”以及文章内容可知，文章主要围绕从众心理的影响展开。故选A项。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Forearlyhumans,survivaldependedongroupcohesion(凝聚力).Thosewhostayedwiththetribeenjoyedprotectionandaccesstoresources,whilelonersfacedthreatsalone.Overgenerations,thisadaptivebehaviorbecameanaturalpartoflife.(对于早期人类来说，生存依赖于群体凝聚力。那些留在部落里的人享有保护和获取资源的途径，而独行者则独自面对威胁。经过几代人的时间，这种适应性行为成为生活中自然的一部分)”可知，从众心理成为人类生活中自然的一部分是因为它使早期人类能够安全地生存。故选D项。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段“Ouridentitiesareoftentiedtothegroupswebelongto,andthefearofrejectiondrivesustofollow,evenatthecostofourpersonalbeliefs.(我们的身份常常与我们所属的群体联系在一起，对被拒绝的恐惧驱使我们跟随群体，甚至以牺牲个人信念为代价)”可知，人们可能会为了融入群体而放弃自己的观点。故选C项。【15题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Herdmentalitycanhavepositiveeffectsinsomecases,especiallywhenpeoplehavelimitedinformationorskills.(从众心理在某些情况下会产生积极影响，尤其是当人们的信息或技能有限时)”以及“However,toomuchherdmentalitybringsrisks,includingstoppingindependentthinking,hurtingcreativity,andcausingfalseinformationtospread.Therefore,learningtothinkcritically—askingquestions,checkingfacts,andthinkingofdifferentideas—isessentialforbothpersonalindependenceandcollectiveprogress.(然而，过多的从众心理会带来风险，包括停止独立思考、损害创造力和导致虚假信息传播。因此，学会批判性思考——提问、检查事实和思考不同的想法——对于个人独立和集体进步都是至关重要的)”可知，从众心理有其利弊，应该以合理和明智的方式对待。故选C项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Shinrin-you,orforestbathing,isauniqueJapanesepracticeemerginginthe1980s.Itinvitespeopletoimmersethemselvesinforestenergyandcalm,seekingreflection,positiveenergyandrenewedwellness.____16____TheconceptwasdevelopedbyJapan’sForestAgencyin1982withtwogoals:relievinghigh-stresslifestylesfromthetechnologicalrevolutionandencouragingreconnectionwithnature.Unlikeintenseoutdooractivities,forestbathingislow-impact.____17____Itemphasizesbeingpresent,focusingonsurroundingsandembracingwoodlands’naturalorderinsteadofalteringthem.Manymistakeitforlonghikesorintensephysicalactivity,butitisactuallyaboutslowingdown.Thepracticeissurprisinglysimple.____18____Whetheraloneoronaguidedtour,participantswalkquietlyinforests,concentratingontheworldaroundthemwithoutdistractions.Evensittingunderatreeandbreathingdeeplycountsasforestbathing.____19____Studiesshowthatforesttimelowerscortisol(皮质醇)levelsandbooststheactivityofnaturalkillercells,whichhelpfightoffillness.Mentally,itclearsbrainfogandreducesanxiety,offeringararebreakfromdigitaloverload.Youdon’tneedtotravelfarforforestbathing,eveninornearTokyo.____20____Thesespotsofferaccessibleescapesfromthehustleandbustleofcitylife,lettingurbandwellersexperiencenature’shealingpowerwithoutlongtrips.FromIiyama’sbeachforeststoMeijiShrine,forestbathinghelpspeoplestepawayfromdailypressuresandreconnectwithnaturemeaningfully.Itremindsusthatwellnessissimple—itliesinquiet,tree-filledspaces.A.Thiscalmpracticehasathoughtfuloriginstory.B.Itscoreismindfulness,notspeedorachievement.C.Leavedigitaldevicesasidetofullyengagewithnature.D.Forestbathinghasgrowngloballypopularinrecentyears.E.Theideabehindforestbathingarosefromimprovingpublichealth.F.MeijiShrineandtheInstituteforNatureStudyareperfectexamples.G.It’snotjustleisure—forestbathingbenefitsphysicalandmentalhealth.【答案】16.E17.B18.C19.G20.F【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了日本森林浴的起源、低强度且以正念为核心的特点、简单的实践方式，及其对身心的益处，还说明东京周边便可就近体验该活动。【16题详析】上文“Shinrin-you,orforestbathing,isauniqueJapanesepracticeemerginginthe1980s.Itinvitespeopletoimmersethemselvesinforestenergyandcalm,seekingreflection,positiveenergyandrenewedwellness.(森林浴是20世纪80年代兴起的一种独特的日本做法，它邀请人们沉浸在森林的能量与宁静中，寻求反思、正能量和重获健康)”介绍了森林浴的定义和对健康的追求，及下文“TheconceptwasdevelopedbyJapan’sForestAgencyin1982withtwogoals:relievinghigh-stresslifestylesfromthetechnologicalrevolutionandencouragingreconnectionwithnature.(这一概念由日本林务局于1982年提出，有两个目标：缓解技术革命带来的高压生活方式，鼓励人们重新与自然建立联系)”讲述森林浴概念的提出背景和健康相关创立目标，E选项“森林浴的理念源于改善公共健康”承上启下，承接上文对森林浴健康初衷的介绍，引出下文其创立的健康相关目标，符合语境。故选E。【17题详析】上文“Unlikeintenseoutdooractivities,forestbathingislow-impact.(与高强度的户外活动不同，森林浴的强度很低)”指出森林浴低强度的特点，及下文“Itemphasizesbeingpresent,focusingonsurroundingsandembracingwoodlands’naturalorderinsteadofalteringthem.Manymistakeitforlonghikesorintensephysicalactivity,butitisactuallyaboutslowingdown.(它强调活在当下，关注周围环境，接纳森林的自然秩序而非改变它。很多人把它误认为是长途徒步或高强度的体育活动，但它实际上是关于放慢脚步)”阐释森林浴的核心是专注当下、放慢节奏而非追求运动成果，B选项“它的核心是正念，而非速度或成就”承上启下，承接上文的低强度特点，引出下文对森林浴核心内涵的具体阐释，符合语境。故选B。【18题详析】上文“Thepracticeissurprisinglysimple.(这种做法惊人地简单)”说明森林浴的实践方式十分简单，及下文“Whetheraloneoronaguidedtour,participantswalkquietlyinforests,concentratingontheworldaroundthemwithoutdistractions.Evensittingunderatreeandbreathingdeeplycountsasforestbathing.(无论独自进行还是有向导带领，参与者都在森林中安静行走，全神贯注于周围的世界，不受干扰。即使坐在树下深呼吸也算是森林浴)”描述森林浴的具体做法是专注自然、不受外界干扰，C选项“放下电子设备，全身心投入自然”承上启下，承接上文的简单特点，引出下文参与者专注自然、不分心的具体做法，符合语境。故选C。【19题详析】下文“Studiesshowthatforesttimelowerscortisol(皮质醇)levelsandbooststheactivityofnaturalkillercells,whichhelpfightoffillness.Mentally,itclearsbrainfogandreducesanxiety,offeringararebreakfromdigitaloverload.(研究表明，在森林中度过时光能降低皮质醇水平，提高自然杀伤细胞的活性，帮助抵御疾病。在精神层面，它能消除脑雾，减少焦虑，让人从电子设备的过度侵扰中得到难得的放松)”通过研究结果说明森林浴对身体和心理的双重益处，G选项“这不仅仅是休闲——森林浴对身心健康都有益处”引出下文对森林浴健康益处的具体阐述，符合语境。故选G。【20题详析】上文“Youdon’tneedtotravelfarforforestbathing,eveninornearTokyo.(即使在东京市内或附近，你也不必远行就能体验森林浴)”指出在东京及周边体验森林浴无需长途跋涉，及下文“Thesespotsofferaccessibleescapesfromthehustleandbustleofcitylife,lettingurbandwellersexperiencenature’shealingpowerwithoutlongtrips.(这些地方为人们提供了便捷的逃离城市喧嚣的去处，让城市居民无需长途旅行就能体验自然的疗愈力量)”说明这些就近体验点的作用，F选项“明治神宫和自然研究所就是绝佳的例子”承上启下，承接上文的就近体验观点，举出具体地点的例子，且与文末的MeijiShrine相呼应，引出下文“Thesespots”的指代内容，符合语境。故选F。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AfatherandhisdaughterwererescuedfromtheoceanafterfallingoverboardfromaDisneyCruiseLineshiponSundayafternoon,winningpraisefortheship’screw(全体船员)and____21____amongpassengerswhowitnessedtheincidentinrealtime.ItoccurredaboardtheDisneyDreamasitsailedonaroundtrip____22____betweenFloridaandtheBahamas.PassengerGarFrantzsaidhewasonthefourth-floordeckwhenhesawthechild,whohadbeensittingontheship’s____23____whilethefathertookapicture,fallintothewater.“Thenthechildfelloverboard,”Frantzrecalled.“Wewatchedit,youcouldseetwolittlefigures…itwascrazy,itwas___24___.”Thefatherreportedlyjumpedinimmediatelyafterthechild____25____tosaveher.FellowpassengerGailMerrickwasplayingbingowhenshenoticedasuddennoiseoutside.Shesaidpeoplewerewatchingwithheldbreath____26____,waitingforwhatwouldhappen.Merricksawayellowrescueboatwithcrewmembersbeing___27___,andtheDisneyDreammadeasharpturnto____28____thespot.Thetwoguestswererescuedwithin___29___.Disneysaidina(n)___30___thatitscrew’sexcellentskillsand____31____actionsensuredthesafereturnofthetwoguests.Italsonotedtheincidenthighlightedtheeffectivenessofitssafety____32____.PassengerJamesTackettfelttheshipmakeaturnbeforehearingwhathadhappened.“Whenthey_____33_____thetwopeople,everyonecheered,”hesaid.Hismotherpraisedthecrew’sswiftand____34____response.“Thewholethingtook10-15minutesandtheysafely____35____theship,”sheadded.Aftertherescue,theDisneyDreamcontinueditsjourney.21.A.stress B.relief C.delight D.grief22.A.voyage B.picnic C.hike D.party23.A.window B.roof C.edge D.floor24.A.amazing B.horrible C.peaceful D.ordinary25.A.inaway B.inasense C.inaword D.inaneffort26.A.basically B.confidently C.slightly D.formally27.A.sentin B.sentfor C.sentaway D.sentout28.A.headfor B.showoff C.lookinto D.takeover29.A.seconds B.hours C.minutes D.days30.A.conversation B.statement C.discussion D.conference31.A.slow B.lazy C.prompt D.careless32.A.measures B.books C.tools D.signals33.A.tookoff B.putaway C.turneddown D.pickedup34.A.rude B.professional C.casual D.impolite35.A.gotalongwith B.gotoutof C.gotbackon D.gotawayfrom【答案】21.B22.A23.C24.B25.D26.A27.D28.A29.C30.B31.C32.A33.D34.B35.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了一对父女从一艘迪士尼邮轮上落水后得到船员们迅速救助、成功脱险的经历。【21题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：周日下午，一名父亲和他的女儿从迪斯尼邮轮公司的船只上落水，随后被救起，这为全体船员赢得了赞誉，也令实时目睹了这一事件的乘客们松了一口气。A.stress压力；B.relief宽慰、轻松；C.delight高兴；D.grief悲痛。根据句中“AfatherandhisdaughterwererescuedfromtheoceanafterfallingoverboardfromaDisneyCruiseLineship”可知，乘客们目睹了一对父女落水后被救起的经过，应该是紧张的心一下子感到了轻松。故选B。【22题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这件事发生在迪士尼梦想号上，当时它正在佛罗里达和巴哈马之间进行往返航行。A.voyage航行；B.picnic野餐；C.hike远足；D.party聚会。根据句中的“sailed”可知，迪士尼梦想号正在海上航行。故选A。【23题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：乘客加·弗朗茨说，他当时在四楼甲板上，看到孩子掉进了水里。孩子当时坐在船边，而父亲正在拍照。A.window窗户；B.roof房顶；C.edge边、边缘；D.floor地板。根据句中“fallintothewater”可知，孩子掉入水中，应该是坐在了船的边缘。故选C。【24题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们看着，你可以看到两个小身影……太疯狂了，真是太可怕了。A.amazing惊人的；B.horrible可怕的；C.peaceful和平的；D.ordinary普通的。格局上文中的“Thenthechildfelloverboard(然后那个孩子从船上掉了下去。)”可知，一个游客回忆当时看着孩子掉入水中，是一个非常可怕的画面。故选B。【25题详析】考查介词短语辨析。句意：据报道，父亲在孩子之后立即跳入水中，努力救她。A.inaway以某种方式；B.inasense在某种意义上；C.inaword概括地说；D.inaneffort在努力。根据常识，父亲看到孩子落水后立即跳入水中，应该是要努力救她。故选D。【26题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：她说，人们基本上都屏住呼吸，等待会发生什么。A.basically基本上；B.confidently自信地；C.slightly稍微；D.formally正式地。根据句中“waitingforwhatwouldhappen”和常识可知，人们看到父亲在女儿落水后立即跳水去救她，人们基本的反应应该就是屏住呼吸，等待结果。故选A。【27题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：梅里克看到一艘黄色的救援船，船上的工作人员正被派往救援现场。A.sentin递交；B.sentfor派人去请；C.sentaway驱逐、解雇；D.sentout发出、派出。根据下文“Thetwoguestswererescuedwithin______.(两名客人在几分钟内获救。)”可知，二人被救援人员快速救起，说明黄色救援船出现时，船员们就被派出救援。故选D。【28题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：迪士尼梦想号立即调转航向，朝出事地点驶去。A.headfor前往；B.showoff炫耀；C.lookinto调查；D.takeover接管。根据上文“ItoccurredaboardtheDisneyDream”可知，父女二人是乘坐迪士尼梦想号航行时落水的，所以当发现二人落水后，梦想号立即前往落水点救人。故选A。【29题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：两名乘客在几分钟内获救。A.seconds秒；B.hours小时；C.minutes分钟；D.days天。根据最后一段“Thewholethingtook10-15minutes”可知，救人过程共花了10-15分钟，所以两名乘客是在几分钟内获救的。故选C。【30题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：迪士尼在一份声明中表示，其工作人员出色的技能和迅速的行动确保了两位乘客的安全返回。A.conversation对话、谈话；B.statement声明；C.discussion讨论；D.conference会议。根据常识可知，迪士尼公司通过正式声明回应该事件是企业的常规做法。故选B。【31题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：迪士尼在一份声明中表示，其工作人员出色的技能和迅速的行动确保了两位乘客的安全返回。A.slow缓慢的；B.lazy懒惰的；C.prompt迅速的；D.careless粗心的。根据第9小题和下文“Hismotherpraisedthecrew’sswiftand

________response.(他的母亲赞扬了工作人员迅速而专业的反应。)”可知，船员们在二人落水后反应非常快，几分钟之内就完成了救援工作，行动迅速。故选C。【32题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：它还指出，该事件凸显了其安全措施的有效性。A.measures措施；B.books书；C.tools工具；D.signals信号。根据上文“Merricksawayellowrescueboatwithcrewmembersbeing

_____,andtheDisneyDreammadeasharpturnto_______

thespot.”可知，二人落水后，救援船只和人员很快就到位了，船员们几分钟之内就将人救起，说明了迪士尼公司的安全措施较有成效。故选A。【33题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：当他们把那两个人救出来的时候，所有人都欢呼了。A.tookoff脱下、起飞；B.putaway收起、放好；C.turneddown拒绝；D.pickedup拾起、捡起。这里指船员们把落水的父女二人从海里拾起，即救出来。故选D。【34题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的母亲赞扬了工作人员迅速而专业的反应。A.rude粗鲁的；B.professional专业的；C.casual休闲的、随便的；D.impolite不礼貌的。根据下文“Thewholethingtook10-15minutesandtheysafely

______theship,(整个过程持续了10-15分钟，他们安全地回到了船上。)”可知，船员们几分钟内就将二人救起，并安全送回船上，说明他们反应迅速且专业，因而得到赞扬。故选B。【35题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：整个过程持续了10-15分钟，他们安全地回到了船上。A.gotalongwith与……相处；B.gotoutof摆脱、离开；C.gotbackon回到；D.gotawayfrom逃离。根据下文“Aftertherescue,theDisneyDreamcontinueditsjourney.(救援行动结束后，迪士尼梦想号继续其航行之旅。)”可知，父女二人在获救后继续乘坐迪士尼梦想号航行，说明他们安全回到了船上。故选C。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形