教学材料《建筑英语》-Unit Seven

TextAHouseFacilitiesAsewagetreatmentplantisaplantwhereharmfulsubstancesareremovedfromsewage.Seweragemeansmainlythepipesordrainswhichcarrysewageandremoval.Ventilationisthoughtasthesamethingasairconditioning.Airconditioningmeansthattheairsupplytoanoccupiedbuildingisbroughttoarequiredconditionbycleaning,cooling,heating,dryingorhumidifying.Wesaythattheairisconditionedbytheseprocesses.Anykindofatmospherecanbeproducedlikethis,butitcostsalotofmoney.Ventilationhoweverisconcernedwiththesupplyoffreshair,theremovalofcontaminantsandheat,andthecontrolofairmotionforcoolingandfreshening[2].上一页下一页返回TextAHouseFacilitiesLightingisnecessaryforsight,andinbuildingsutility[3].Inourhomes,usuallywehavetwokindsoflighting—generalandlocal.Generallightingshouldbefixedinsuchawaythatbyputtingonvariouslights,wecanhavedesiredeffectsofbright,mediumordimlightforvariousoccasions.Locallightingisproducedbyfloorortablelampsorfromlighttubes.Familiesinmoderncitiesarenotoftenseemneedsuppliesofeithercoalorwoodforcookingandheatingbutgas.Naturalgasisfoundundergroundandunderthesea.Itisbroughttothesurfaceandthentakentoapurifyingplant,itistheneitherpipeddirectlytohousesormadeintoliquidgasandtakentoothertowns.上一页下一页返回TextAHouseFacilitiesTheelevatorisaconvenientlaborsavingdeviceinstalledintallbuildings.Withthehelpofanelevator,peopleandmaterialcanbemovedupordownabuildingwithgreatefficiencyandsafety[4].Today,elevatorsarecomputerized.What’smore?That’sthedevelopmentofappliancesinhome,suchasTVsets,telephones,computersandvideorecordersetc,whichgivepeopleanondescriptconvenienceincommunication,workandrecreation.Atthemoment,the“smarthouse”createdbytheBuildingResearchAssociation,whosemanyfunctionsarecontrolledbycomputers,isalreadybeingusedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica[5].上一页下一页返回TextAHouseFacilitiesLet’sthinkaboutit.Pickupyourcellphoneinyourcar,dialhomeandsimplybypushingthenumbersonyourphone,youtellyourhousewhattodo……Isitthebeginningortheendofhomeautomation?NewWordsfacility[fəˈsiləti]n.设备sanitary[ˈsænətri]adj.卫生的，清洁的drainage[dreinidʒ]n.排水，放水sewer[ˈsu:ə(r)]n.污水管，下水道reservoir[ˈrezəvwɑ:(r)]n.蓄水池，水库上一页下一页返回TextAHouseFacilitiesfiltration[filˈtreiʃn]n.过滤aeration[eəˈreiʃn]n.曝气chlorination[ˌklɔ:riˈneiʃn]n.氯化sedimentation[ˌsedimenˈteiʃn]n.沉淀，沉降activated-sludge[ˈæktiveitidˈslʌdʒ]n.活性污泥purify[ˈpjʊərifai]vt.净化sewage[ˈsu:idʒ]n.污水，废水sewerage[ˈsu:əridʒ]n.污水工程，污物处理（系统）removal[riˈmu:vl]n.清除ventilation[ˌventiˈleiʃn]n.通风上一页下一页返回TextAHouseFacilitieshumidify[hju:ˈmidifai]vt.使湿润，使潮湿contaminant[kənˈtæminənt]n.污染物，致污物freshen[ˈfreʃn]vt.使新鲜，使清爽install[inˈstɔ:l]vt.安装computerize[kəmˈpju:təraiz]vt.（使）电子计算机化nondescript[ˈnɒndiskript]adj.难以描述的PhrasesExpressionsenvironmentalsanitaryengineering环境卫生工程watersupplysystems给水系统bymeansof依靠，凭借上一页下一页返回TextAHouseFacilitiesstoragereservoir蓄水库distributionreservoir配水库sewagetreatmentplant污水处理厂airmotion空气流动generallighting总体采光locallighting局部采光naturalgas天然气上一页返回TextBTheHouseofTheFutureBillGates’houseisinMedina,Washingtonona5.12acrelotandoverlooksLakeWashington（Fig.7-1）.Billoriginallyboughtthelandbackin1988forameasly$2million,andthemansionwasbuiltoversevenyears.In1995itwascomplete.Oneofthemostinterestingthingsyou’dexperienceifyoulivedinthishouseisthatyouwearapincontainingamicrochipwhichactsasyourID.Whenyouwalkintoaroom,lighting,sound,andtemperature.controlsarecustomizedforyou.Anyhighresolutiondisplaythatyouwalkbywillknowthatyou’rethere,andyourfavoriteartisdisplayed[1].Andifyou’regettingaphonecall,onlythephonenearesttoyouwillring.下一页返回TextBTheHouseofTheFutureThisisallthankstothepinwiththemicrochip.Nowwe’lltakealookatsomeoftheroomsinthishouse（Fig.7-2）.LibraryIfyouweretopeekinsidethedomedlibrary,you’dfindtwo“secret”bookcaseswithoneofthemcontainingabar[2].HereyoucouldsitinfrontofthefireplaceandadmiretheCodexLeicesterbelongingtoLeonardodaVinci.Gatespaid$30.8millionforitbackin1994（Fig.7-3）.PoolHouse上一页下一页返回TextBTheHouseofTheFutureThepoolhouseis3,900squarefeetandhasa17feetby60feetswimmingpool.Whileyou’reswimming,youcanlistentoyourfavoritemusicunderwaterwiththeunderwatermusicsystem（Fig.7-4）.ReceptionHallThereceptionhalliswhereGatesplayshosttoVIPsandothersocialevents[3].Theroomfeaturesalargevideowallmadeupof24individualscreensmeasuring40incheseach.At2,300feet,thisroomiscapableofholdingupto200peopleforacocktailparty,or150peopleforasitdowndinner（Fig.7-5）.上一页下一页返回TextBTheHouseofTheFutureKitchenTheintelligentkitcheninGates’housemaybethemosttechnologicalintheworld.Therefrigeratordoorisequippedwithacomputer,barcodescanneranddisplay,whichcanprovidethecorrectmethodoffoodpreservation,andprocessing[4].TherefrigeratorisalsoequippedwithaTVandradio.YoucanwatchTVorlistentothenewswhilecookinginthekitchen,itcanalsobeconnectedwiththecamerainfrontofthehouseandmonitorthechild’ssafety.上一页下一页返回TextBTheHouseofTheFutureFormalDiningRoomShouldBillhave24ofhisclosestfriendscomingoverfordinner,theycandineinhisformaldiningroominfrontofthefireplace.It’sonthethirdfloorandhasplentyofwindowssothatguestscanenjoytheview.It’s1,000squarefeet.TrampolineRoomPartofhisexercisefacilitiesincludesSauna,steamroom,changingroomsformenandwomenandatrampolineroomwitha20feetceiling[5].上一页下一页返回TextBTheHouseofTheFutureUndergroundGarageApparentlyGateslikestoparkhiscarsunderground.Partofthismansionisa6,300squarefeetundergroundgarage.Thisisonlyoneofthreegaragesthatareontheproperty,andit’sgotroomfor10cars.NewWordsmeasly[ˈmi:zli]adj.少得可怜的，微不足道的pin[pin]n.别针，扣针microchip[ˈmaikrəʊtʃip]n.微晶片，微型集成电路片上一页下一页返回TextBTheHouseofTheFuturepeek[pi:k]vi.偷看，窥视，眯着眼睛看reception[riˈsepʃn]n.接待，欢迎individual[ˌindiˈvidʒuəl]adj.个人的，独特的，个别的intelligent[inˈtelidʒənt]adj.聪明的，[计]智能的preservation[ˌprezəˈveiʃn]n.保存，保留，保护monitor[ˈmɒnitə(r)]vt.监控，监听ceiling[ˈsi:liŋ]n.天花板，最高限度，云幕高度property[ˈprɒpəti]n.财产，物业PhrasesExpressionsbecustomizedfor定制上一页下一页返回TextBTheHouseofTheFuturehighresolutiondisplay高分辨率显示器CodexLeicester莱斯特手稿LeonardodaVinci达∙芬奇cocktailparty鸡尾酒会barcodescanner条码扫描器上一页返回TranslationSkills—建筑英语翻译之状语从句的翻译1.状语从句概述用来修饰主句或主句的谓语的英语句子叫作状语从句。状语从句一般可分为七大类，分别表示时间、地点、原因、目的、条件、让步和结果方式。尽管种类较多，但由于状语从句与汉语的结构和用法相似，所以理解和掌握它并不难。状语从句的关键，是要掌握引导不同状语从句的常用连接词和特殊的连接词点。2.建筑英语中状语从句的翻译方法（1）时间状语从句及其译法时间状语从句的翻译，主要在于掌握好各种时间意义的连词。下一页返回TranslationSkills—建筑英语翻译之状语从句的翻译时间状语从句在英语句子中的位置相对灵活，但汉译时，有时候就要注意它们的位置。汉语习惯是先发生的事情先讲，表示时间的从句汉译时要提前。当时间顺序很明显时，有时还可以省略关系副词。（2）地点状语从句及其译法引导地点状语从句的多为where和wherever。当where引导的从句位于句首时，是一种加强语气的说法，而且含有条件意味，可翻译成“哪里……哪里……”。wherever引导的从句位于句首时，除了有强调的意味外，而且还有“让步”的意义。可翻译成“不论到哪里；哪里都……”。