2026年大学英语关系测试题及答案

2026年大学英语关系测试题及答案

一、单项选择题(10题，每题2分)1.Thescientist______madethebreakthroughhasbeenawardedtheNobelPrize.A.whoB.whichC.whomD.whose2.Thecompany______Iworkedforlastyearisnowexpandingitsbusiness.A.whereB.whichC.inwhichD.that3.Ipreferbooks______storiesarefullofimaginationandhumor.A.whichB.thatC.whoseD.ofwhich4.Themeeting,______wasscheduledforMonday,hadtobepostponedduetothesuddenstorm.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.when5.Theability______welearnfrommistakesdeterminesourgrowth.A.thatB.whichC.inwhichD.bywhich6.Thelibraryhasbooksonvarioussubjects,______historyismyfavoritecategory.A.whichB.ofwhichC.thatD.whose7.Shefinallyfoundthekey______shehadbeensearchingfordays.A.whatB.whichC.whereD.whom8.Theteacher______wemetyesterdaywillgiveusalecturetomorrow.A.whoB.whichC.whomD.whose9.Thehotel______westayedduringourtripwaslocatednearthecitycenter.A.whereB.whichC.inwhichD.that10.Thereason______hegaveformissingtheappointmentwasnotbelievable.A.whyB.howC.whichD.forwhich二、填空题(10题，每题2分)1.Thegirl______issittingnexttomeismycousin.2.Thisisthehouse______welivedtenyearsago.3.Heistheonlyperson______cansolvethisproblem.4.Thebook______coverisbluebelongstomybrother.5.Weshouldfocusontheissues______arerelevanttoourdailylife.6.Themuseum______wevisitedlastweekisveryfamousforitsancientartifacts.7.Shehasthreechildren,all______arestudyingabroadnow.8.Thefactory______myfatherworksisproducingmorecarsthisyear.9.Weneedtofindasolution______willsatisfybothparties.10.Theday______Iwillneverforgetismygraduationday.三、判断题(10题，每题2分)1.Inthesentence"Themanwhohehelpedisadoctor.",therelativepronoun"who"iscorrectlyused.2."ThebookwhichIboughtitlastweekisinteresting."isagrammaticallycorrectsentence.3."Thereasonwhyhewaslateisbecausehemissedthebus."isacorrectusageof"why"and"because".4."Adictionaryisabookthatgivesdefinitionsofwords."isacorrectdefinitionofadictionaryusingarelativeclause.5."Thegirl,whoiswearingareddress,ismysister."isanincorrectnon-restrictiveclausebecauseitshouldnothavecommas.6."Childrenwhoplaysportshavebetterhealth."and"Children,whoplaysports,havebetterhealth."havethesamemeaning.7."Thecompanywhereweworkforisamultinationalcorporation."uses"where"correctly.8."Theabilitywhichwelearnfromexperienceiscrucialforsuccess."isacorrectsentencewith"which"astheobjectof"learn".9."Thebook,whosecoverisgreen,ismine."correctlyuses"whose"toindicateownership.10."ThereisnoonewhomIcanturntoforhelp."isacorrectsentenceusing"whom"astheobjectof"turnto".四、简答题(4题，每题5分)1.简述英语中定语从句中关系代词which/that的主要区别及使用规则。2.分析英语词汇中常见的语义关系类型（至少列举三种），并举例说明。3.解释英语语篇中常见的逻辑衔接手段及其如何体现不同类型的关系（如因果、转折、递进等）。4.对比说明英语中“-ing”分词和“-ed”分词在作定语时与被修饰词的逻辑关系差异。五、讨论题(4题，每题5分)1.讨论英语中定语从句的使用频率与中文定语结构的差异，并分析这种差异反映的中西方语言表达习惯。2.结合实例说明语义关系（如近义、反义、上下义）在英语阅读理解中的具体应用，如何帮助读者推断词义。3.分析在英语写作中，如何有效运用逻辑关系词（如however,therefore,inaddition等）来构建连贯的段落，提升文章的逻辑性。4.探讨非谓语动词（如现在分词、过去分词、不定式）在句子中如何通过逻辑关系（主谓、动宾、目的等）影响句子的语义和结构。答案和解析：一、单项选择题答案及解析1.A解析：先行词scientist指人，从句缺主语，用关系代词who。2.B解析：先行词company指物，从句weworkedfor缺宾语，用关系代词which。3.C解析：books与stories是所属关系，用关系代词whose（bookswhosestories...）。4.B解析：非限定性定语从句指代整个主句meeting，用关系代词which。5.A解析：先行词ability，从句welearn...缺宾语，且先行词被theonly修饰时用that。6.B解析：subjects与history是所属关系，用ofwhich（ofwhichhistory=whosehistory）。7.B解析：先行词key指物，从句searchfor缺宾语，用关系代词which。8.C解析：先行词teacher指人，从句met缺宾语，用宾格关系代词whom。9.A解析：先行词hotel，从句westayedduringourtrip缺地点状语，stay是不及物动词，需加介词in，where=inwhich。10.C解析：先行词reason，从句hegave...缺宾语，用关系代词which（givethereason）。二、填空题答案who/that；where/inwhich；that；whose；that/which；that/which；ofwhom；where/inwhich；that/which；that/which三、判断题答案及解析1.错误。解析：从句中who多余，应去掉he，正确为"Themanwhohelpedisadoctor."。2.错误。解析：which作bought的宾语，不能加it，正确为"ThebookwhichIboughtlastweek..."。3.错误。解析：reason后用why引导定语从句，表语从句用that，正确为"Thereasonwhyhewaslateisthathemissed..."。4.正确。解析：that引导限定性定语从句，先行词book缺宾语，关系代词that可省略。5.错误。解析：非限定性定语从句需用逗号隔开，补充说明先行词girl，是正确用法。6.错误。解析：前者限定性，指“做运动的孩子”；后者非限定性，指“所有孩子中做运动的”，意义不同。7.错误。解析：workforthecompany，where=inwhich，应为"Thecompanywhichweworkfor..."或"Thecompanywherewework..."。8.错误。解析：ability不能作为learn的宾语，应为"Welearnexperiencefromtheability"，此处逻辑错误。9.正确。解析：whose指代book'scover，正确表达所属关系。10.正确。解析：turntowhom为固定搭配，whom作turnto的宾语，正确。四、简答题答案（每题200字左右）1.Which/that区别：先行词指物时，that可指人/物，which仅指物；that用于限定性定语从句，which用于非限定性；先行词被最高级、序数词修饰用that；非限定性从句或介词后用which。规则：先行词指物且从句缺主语/宾语用that/which；被only等修饰用that；非限定性从句用which；介词后用which。2.常见语义关系：①反义关系，如hot-cold；②近义关系，如happy-glad；③上下义关系，如animal-dog；④整体-部分关系，如team-player。例：antonymy:"big"vs"small"；synonymy:"begin"vs"start"；hyponymy:"mammal"vs"cat"。3.衔接手段及逻辑关系：①过渡词：however（转折）,therefore（因果）,besides（递进）；②连接词：because（因果）,although（让步）；③指代词：this,that（替代前文）；④重复关键词：通过原词复现建立关联；⑤标点：逗号、分号体现并列。例："Hewastired;however,hecontinuedworking."体现转折关系。4.-ing分词作定语：主动关系，如"thesleepingbaby"（baby主动sleep）；-ed分词作定语：被动关系，如"thebrokencup"（cup被动break）。-ing强调动作主动或进行，-ed强调被动或完成；-ing多描述事物性质（interesting），-ed描述人感受（interested）。五、讨论题答案（每题200字左右）1.定语从句差异：英语多用后置定语（如"ThebookwhichIbought"），中文多用前置定语（“我买的书”）。差异反映：英语重形合，用关系词连接；中文重意合，靠语序。文化上，英语重逻辑结构，中文重整体意境，定语从句体现分析性思维，中文体现综合性思维。2.语义关系推断词义：①反义："Sheistall,unlikehershortsister."反义帮助理解unlike；②近义："Hewaselated,overjoyedatthenews."overjoyed推断elated=veryhappy；③上下义："Allmammals,