浙江省嘉兴市南湖区部分学校2025-2026学年高一上学期12月月考英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1浙江省嘉兴市南湖区部分学校2025-2026学年高一上学期12月月考英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ABestPlacestoVisitintheUKTheUnitedKingdomhaslongbeenafavoriteEuropeantouristdestinationformanybecauseofitsbeautifulcountryside,historiccities,topmuseumsandoutstandingtheaters.HerearesomeofthebestplacestovisitintheUK.CambridgeCambridgeisacharmingEnglishcitylocatedontheRiverCamjustnorthofLondon.Asthehometooneoftheworld’stopuniversities,theUniversitiesofCambridge,ithasalloftheculturalandentertainmentoptionsyoumightexpectfromacollegetown.ChesterLocatedontheRiverDeeinCheshire,England,Chesterismorethan200yearsold,whichmeansthereisplentyofhistory,cultureandarchitectureonhandlastingseveralcenturies.TheRomanandmedieval(中世纪)wallsaroundthecityareoneofChester’sbiggesttouristattractions.StonehengeOneofthemostfamoussitesintheworld,StonehengeconsistsofearthworkssurroundingacircularsettingoflargestandingstonesinsouthwestEngland.ItisalsohometosomeofthemostimportantNeolithicandBronzeAgestructuresintheUK.Itwasnotuntil1600BCthatStonehengecametobecompleted.LakeDistrictLocatedinnorthwestEngland,theLakeDistrictisthesecondlargestNationalParkintheUK.Themainattractionsarethelakes,mountainsandhillscarvedbyglacialerosion(冰川侵蚀)andprovidingdramaticandinspiringscenery.ItisEngland’sfamousdestinationforhikingandclimbing.21.Whichdestinationwillyouchooseifyouareinterestedinauniversity?A.Stonehenge. B.LakeDistrict.C.Cambridge. D.Chester.22.WhereshouldyougoifyouwanttoseetheStonehenge?A.Acollegetown. B.SouthwestEngland.C.NorthwestEngland. D.ANationalParkintheUK.23.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.LakeDistrictiswell-knownasadestinationforhikingandclimbing.B.Chesterisamoderncitywithashorthistory.C.TheLakeDistrictisthelargestNationalParkintheUK.D.CambridgeisontheRiverCamsouthofLondon.【答案】21.C22.B23.A【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了英国的几个最佳旅游胜地。【21题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Asthehometooneoftheworld’stopuniversities,theUniversitiesofCambridge,ithasalloftheculturalandentertainmentoptionsyoumightexpectfromacollegetown.(作为世界顶尖大学之一剑桥大学的所在地，它拥有你可能期望的大学城的所有文化和娱乐选择。)”可知，如果你对大学感兴趣，你应该选择剑桥。故选C项。【22题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Oneofthemostfamoussitesintheworld,StonehengeconsistsofearthworkssurroundingacircularsettingoflargestandingstonesinsouthwestEngland.(巨石阵是世界上最著名的遗址之一，位于英格兰西南部，由围绕着圆形巨石的土方工程组成。)”可知，如果你想看巨石阵，你应该去英格兰西南部。故选B项。【23题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段（LakeDistrict）下列段落中“ItisEngland’sfamousdestinationforhikingandclimbing.(它是英国著名的徒步旅行和登山胜地。)”可知，选项A“湖区（LakeDistrict）是徒步旅行和登山的好去处”是正确的。故选A项。BJaneGoodallisanamedeeplyconnectedwithwildlifeprotection.Hergroundbreakingwork,whichbeganin1960inTanzania’sGombeStreamNationalPark,completelychangedhowscientistsviewanimalintelligenceandwhatmakeshumansunique.Withoutacollegedegreeatfirst,Goodallusedgreatpatienceandanopenmindtostudychimpanzees.Shedidn’tseethemjustasanimals,butasindividualswiththeirownpersonalities,feelings,andsociallives.AkeymomentcamewhenachimpshenamedDavidGreybeardallowedhertowatchhimclosely.Shesawhimchangeatwigbyremovingitsleavesanduseitto“fish”fortermites(白蚁).Thiswasamajordiscoverybecause,atthattime,scientistsbelievedonlyhumanscouldmakeandusetools.Thisfindingchallengedtheideathathumanswerecompletelydifferentfromotheranimals.Asthewell-knownanthropologist(人类学家)LouisLeakeysaid,itforcedsciencetorethinkthedefinitionof“human.”Goodall’slong-termobservationsledtostrongpersonalconnectionswiththechimps,especiallyamothernamedFloandherfamily.Theserelationshipsgaveherdeepinsightsintotheirfamilylifeandsocialbehavior.Herunusualpath—earningaPhDfromCambridgeUniversitywithoutfirstgettingabachelor’sdegree—showedherstrongdedication.Knowingsheneededtodomore,shestartedtheJaneGoodallInstitute(JGI)in1977.Thisorganizationleadsglobalprotectioneffortsandrunsyouthprogramslike“Roots&Shoots,”whilealsosupportingwomeninscience.JaneGoodall’slegacy(传承)goesfarbeyondherscientificdiscoveries.Sheshowedtheworldthatanimalshavecomplexemotionsandintelligence,whichhelpspeoplerespectnaturemore.Evenintohernineties,shecontinuedtoinspiremillionstoprotectwildlifeandtheirhabitats.Throughherlife’swork,Goodalltaughtusthatunderstandingandvaluingotherspeciesisessentialforthehealthofourplanetandforourownhumanity.24.WhyisJaneGoodall’sworkcalled“groundbreaking”?A.Changedviewsonanimalintelligence. B.Provedallanimalsusetools.C.Creatednewresearchmethods. D.Showedwomencanbescientists.25.HowdidGoodalldiscoverchimpanzeesusingtools?A.Byreviewingexistingtheories. B.Byconductingexperiments.C.BywatchingDavidGreybeard. D.Byconsultinglocalguides.26.WhatdoesGoodall’sbondwithFloshow?A.Short-termstudiesareeffective. B.Toolusagerequireslongobservation.C.Academicdegreesensurediscovery. D.Emotionalconnectiondeepensresearch.27.HowdoesthetextdevelopitsmainideaaboutGoodall?A.Bycomparingdifferentresearchmethods. B.Bymovingfromdiscoverytoinfluence.C.Bylistinglifeeventsintimeorder. D.ByfocusingonearlyAfricanresearch.【答案】24.A25.C26.D27.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了野生动物保护先驱珍·古道尔的传奇经历。【24题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“Hergroundbreakingwork,whichbeganin1960inTanzania’sGombeStreamNationalPark,completelychangedhowscientistsviewanimalintelligenceandwhatmakeshumansunique.(她的开创性工作始于1960年坦桑尼亚的贡贝溪国家公园，彻底改变了科学家对动物智力和人类独特之处的看法)”可知，她的工作之所以被称为“开创性”，是因为她改变了科学界对动物智能的认知。故选A。【25题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“AkeymomentcamewhenachimpshenamedDavidGreybeardallowedhertowatchhimclosely.Shesawhimchangeatwigbyremovingitsleavesanduseitto“fish”fortermites(白蚁).(关键时刻到来了，一只名叫大卫·格雷伯德的黑猩猩允许她近距离观察它。她看到它把一根树枝的叶子去掉，然后用它来“钓”白蚁)”可知，古道尔是通过亲自观察大卫·格雷伯德这只猩猩的行为而发现它们使用工具的。故选C。【26题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Goodall’slong-termobservationsledtostrongpersonalconnectionswiththechimps,especiallyamothernamedFloandherfamily.Theserelationshipsgaveherdeepinsightsintotheirfamilylifeandsocialbehavior.(古道尔的长期观察使她与黑猩猩，尤其是一只名叫Flo的母亲及其家人建立了密切的个人联系。这些关系使她对他们的家庭生活和社会行为有了深刻的了解)”可知，她与Flo的情感联系帮助她获得了对黑猩猩社会的深刻理解。故选D。【27题详析】推理判断题。文章首先介绍了珍·古道尔在坦桑尼亚的研究工作，包括她对黑猩猩使用工具的发现，这是她的科学发现；接着讲述了她与黑猩猩建立的情感联系以及她创立的机构和开展的项目；最后强调了她的遗产超越了科学发现，她向世界展示了动物有复杂的情感和智力，激励人们保护野生动物和它们的栖息地。文章是从她的发现逐步阐述到她的影响来展开的。故选B。CAstrong7.9earthquakehitcentralMyanmaronMarch28,2025,causingmajordamageinthearea.TheearthquakewascenterednearMandalay,thecountry’ssecond-largestcity.Thenumberofdeathshasreached2,719,with4,521peopleinjuredandmanymorestillmissing.Thedisasterunfoldedintwophases:thefirstearthquakedestroyedbuildings,roads,andbridges,whileaftershockscontinuedtocauseproblems.TheearthquakehappenedalongtheSagaingFault,wheretheIndianandEurasiantectonicplates(构造板块)meet.Overmanyyears,pressurebuiltupbetweentheplatesandfinallycausedthisearthquake.However,Myanmar’soldbuildings,especiallytraditionalonesmadeofwoodandmud,werenotstrongenoughtowithstandtheearthquake,whichmadethesituationevenworse.Countriesaroundtheworldquicklysenthelp.Chinawasoneofthefirsttorespond,sendingrescueteamswithmedicalsupplies,sheltermaterials,andspecialequipmenttofindsurvivors.India,Russia,andSingaporealsosentaid.TheUnitedNationshelpedorganizetheaidefforts,showingthattheworldisunitedinhelpingMyanmar.However,rescuersfacedmanychallenges.Roadsandbridgesweredestroyed,makingithardtogetaidtoremotevillages.Therewerealsopowercutsandcommunicationproblems.Badweathermadethingsworse,asraincouldcausefloodsandspreaddiseases.Additionally,ongoingconflicts(冲突)innorthernMyanmarmadeithardtogetsuppliestotheaffectedareas,andhospitalsinMandalaywerecrowdedwithpatients.Despitethedifficulties,therewerealsostoriesofhope.Localvolunteersworkedhardtorescuepeopletrappedintherubble.InMandalay,apregnantwomanwasrescuedafterbeingtrappedfor50hours.Farmersandstudentsalsoadaptedquickly,plantingcropsintemporaryfieldsandattendingclassesintents.TheearthquakeshowedMyanmar’sweaknesses,butitalsoshowedthestrengthofthepeopleandtheworld’ssupport.Asaftershockscontinue,Myanmar’speoplearedeterminedtorebuildtheirlivesandhopeforabetterfuture.28.WhatdoweknowabouttheearthquakeonMarch28,2025?A.Itisthestrongestearthquakeinhistory.B.Itcausedminordamagetotheoldbuildings.C.Themainquakedestroyedmanyconstructions.D.Pressurebuiltupbetweentheplatesinaftershocks.29.WhichofthefollowingisNOTareasonforthedifficultiesinrescueefforts?A.Negativegovernment. B.Powerfailures.C.Damagedroads. D.Communicationproblems.30.Whydoestheauthormentionthestoryofapregnantwomaninthelastparagraph?A.Tocomparevictimsfromdifferentjobs.B.Toshowthethemeofhopeandrecovery.C.Toexplainthedifficultyofrescueefforts.D.Togiveanexampleoftheearthquake’simpact.31.What'stheauthor’stoneinwritingthearticle?A.Concerned. B.Doubtful. C.Critical. D.Objective.【答案】28.C29.A30.B31.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了2025年3月28日发生在缅甸中部的强烈地震，详细描述了其破坏情况、发生原因、国际救援努力、面临的挑战以及灾后充满希望的瞬间。【28题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Thedisasterunfoldedintwophases:thefirstearthquakedestroyedbuildings,roads,andbridges,whileaftershockscontinuedtocauseproblems.(灾难分两个阶段展开：第一次地震摧毁了建筑物、道路和桥梁，而余震则持续引发问题。)”可知，主震破坏了许多建筑物。故选C。【29题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Roadsandbridgesweredestroyed,makingithardtogetaidtoremotevillages.Therewerealsopowercutsandcommunicationproblems.(道路和桥梁被毁，使得援助难以到达偏远村庄。还出现了电力中断和通讯问题。)”可知，B、C、D选项均为文中提到的困难。全文未提及政府消极应对，因此“Negativegovernment”不是救援困难的原因。故选A。【30题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段首句“Despitethedifficulties,therewerealsostoriesofhope.(尽管困难重重，但也充满了充满希望的故事。)”及后文“InMandalay,apregnantwomanwasrescuedafterbeingtrappedfor50hours.(在曼德勒，一名孕妇在被困50小时后获救。)”可知，作者提及孕妇的故事是为了展现灾难中的希望和复苏。故选B。【31题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Thenumberofdeathhasreached2,719,with4,521peopleinjuredandmanymorestillmissing.(死亡人数已达2719人，4521人受伤，还有更多人仍然失踪。)”、第二段中“TheearthquakehappenedalongtheSageingFault,wheretheIndianandEurasiantectonicplatesmeet.(地震发生在印度板块和欧亚板块交汇的塞京断层沿线。)”、第四段中“Roadsandbridgesweredestroyed,makingithardtogetaidtoremotevillages.(道路和桥梁被毁，使得援助难以到达偏远村庄。)”以及第五段中“Despitethedifficulties,therewerealsostoriesofhope.(尽管困难重重，但也充满了充满希望的故事。)”等内容可知，作者通过引用具体数据、陈述客观事实(如地质原因、救援挑战、灾后希望)进行报道，既没有表达过度的担忧(Concerned)，也没有体现怀疑(Doubtful)或批判(Critical)的态度，而是基于事实进行中立描述。故选D。DWeknowthatreadingisgoodforchildrenandforadultsaswell.Nowanewstudysuggeststhatjustbeingaroundbookshasitsbenefits—evenifyoudon’treadthemalot.AteamofresearchersinAustraliafindsthatgrowingupinahomewithasizablelibraryimprovesliteracy(读写能力),numbersenseandeventechnologicalknowledgeinlaterlife.Theresearcherswereinterestedinwhatiscalledthe“RadiationEffect”.“RadiationEffect”isasituationwherechildrengrowuparoundbooks,eventhoughtheydon’treadthemasmuchastheirparentswouldlikethemto.Butsomehowbooksbenefitthem.JoannaSikora,asociologistattheAustralianNationalUniversity,andhercolleaguesstudieddatacollectedforalmostfouryears.Thesurveytestedmorethan160,000adultsfrom31differentsocieties,anditincludedaquestionabouthowmanybookstestershadintheirhomesduringadolescence.“Wefoundthatpeoplewhogrewuparoundbookshadbetterliteracy,numbersenseanddigitalproblem-solvingskillsthanpeoplewhohadfewerbooksgrowingupbuthadsimilareducationlevels,similarjobsandevensimilaradulthabits.”Infact,teenswhoonlymadeitthroughhighschoolbutwereraisedinabookishenvironmentweresuccessfulaswellinadulthoodascollegegraduateswhogrewupinahousewithoutbooks.“Soifwegrowupinahouse,inahomewhereparentsenjoybooks,wherebooksaregivenasbirthdaypresentsandcherishedandvalued,thisissomethingthatbecomesapartofouridentityandgivesusthislifelonginfluencetoimproveourreadingandwritingability.”saidSikora.Sokeepthoseshelvesfilledwithbooks.Yourkidswillnotonlybegrateful,they’llbemorelikelytobeabletospellgratefulcorrectlyaswell.32.Whichisthebenefitforchildrenbeingaroundbooks?A.Theywillworkwithnumberswell. B.Theywillhaveabiglibraryathome.C.Theywillfallinlovewithliterature. D.Theywillformthehabitofreadingalot.33.The“RadiationEffect”mightworkfor________.A.agirlwhodoesn’treadbooks B.agirlwhovisitsbookstoresalotC.aboywhogrowsupwithoutbooks D.aboywhoreceiveshighereducation34.Whatdoweknowfromparagraph4?A.Childrenbeingaroundbookscanbesuccessfulinadulthood.B.Peoplebeingaroundbookscansolvereal-lifeproblemseasily.C.Teens,aftergraduatingfromhighschools,canfindbetterjobs.D.Collegegraduatesraisedwithoutbooksaresurelynotsuccessful.35.Whichmightbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.RadiationEffect:ANewSociologicalTheory B.BookGifts:AMeaningfulPresentforChildrenC.HomeLibraries:AHiddenKeytoLifelongSkills D.DailyReading:ADirectPathtoImprovedLiteracy【答案】32.A33.B34.A35.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了在书籍环绕的环境中成长对儿童及成年后的诸多益处，包括提升读写能力、数字感知能力以及技术知识等，并介绍了相关研究及其结论。【32题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“AteamofresearchersinAustraliafindsthatgrowingupinahomewithasizablelibraryimprovesliteracy(读写能力),numbersenseandeventechnologicalknowledgeinlaterlife.(澳大利亚的一组研究人员发现，在一个拥有大量藏书的环境中长大，可以提高日后的读写能力、数字感知能力，甚至技术知识。)”可知，在书籍环绕的环境中成长，孩子们将能很好地处理数字。故选A项。【33题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段““RadiationEffect”isasituationwherechildrengrowuparoundbooks,eventhoughtheydon’treadthemasmuchastheirparentswouldlikethemto.Butsomehowbooksbenefitthem.(“辐射效应”是指孩子们在书籍环绕的环境中成长，尽管他们读的书没有父母希望的那么多。但不知何故，书籍对他们有益。)”可知，“辐射效应”适用于经常光顾书店的女孩，因为她虽然可能没有读很多书，但经常接触书籍，符合“辐射效应”的定义。故选B项。【34题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段““Wefoundthatpeoplewhogrewuparoundbookshadbetterliteracy,numbersenseanddigitalproblem-solvingskillsthanpeoplewhohadfewerbooksgrowingupbuthadsimilareducationlevels,similarjobsandevensimilaradulthabits.”Infact,teenswhoonlymadeitthroughhighschoolbutwereraisedinabookishenvironmentweresuccessfulaswellinadulthoodascollegegraduateswhogrewupinahousewithoutbooks.(“我们发现，与那些成长过程中书籍较少但教育水平、工作甚至成年习惯相似的人相比，在书籍环绕的环境中长大的人具有更好的读写能力、数字感知能力和数字问题解决能力。”事实上，那些只读完高中但在书香环境中长大的青少年，成年后和那些在没有书籍的房子里长大的大学毕业生一样成功。)”可推知，在书籍环绕的环境中长大的孩子成年后可能取得成功。故选A项。【35题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“AteamofresearchersinAustraliafindsthatgrowingupinahomewithasizablelibraryimprovesliteracy(读写能力),numbersenseandeventechnologicalknowledgeinlaterlife.(澳大利亚的一组研究人员发现，在一个拥有大量藏书的环境中长大，可以提高日后的读写能力、数字感知能力，甚至技术知识。)”以及纵观全文可知，本文主要讲述了在书籍环绕的环境中成长对儿童及成年后的诸多益处，包括提升读写能力、数字感知能力以及技术知识等，因此，C项“家庭图书馆：终身技能的隐藏钥匙”最符合文章主旨。故选C项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Lifeinseniorhighschoolscanbeexciting,butalsotiring.___36___Therefore,it’seasytoforgetthings,especiallyinthemorningwhenyou’restillabitsleepy.Howcanyoureducestresslevelsandmakesureyouleavehomefeelingunhurriedandprepared?Herearesometipsforcreatingaproductive,focusedandenergizingmorningroutine.PreparethenightbeforeThebestwaytoensureyourmorningrunssmoothlyistoprepareforitthenightbefore.___37___Selectbooksandcheckyouhavetheessentials,likereadingglasses.Layoutyouruniform.Andifyoutakeapackedlunch,checkwhetherit’sready.___38___Somepeopleriseveryeasily,butotherstakemoretimetofeelawake.Buildextratimeintoyourroutineifyoufindmorningshard.Ifyouhaveanalarmclock,trytogetupassoonasitgoesoff.Doingsomethingrightawaycanhelpyoufeelawake.Youcouldalsodosomestretchesasyoulistentoasong.DoessentialtasksinorderThereareafewthingsyouneedtodointhemorning.Tobuildaroutine,itcanbehelpfultodotheseinthesameordereachday.Examplesaretakingashower,cleaningyourteeth,dressingandcheckingyourschoolbag.Ifyou’reforgetful,havealistpinnedupsoyoucancheckthingsoffasyougo.___39___EatagoodbreakfastNoteveryonefeelshungrywhentheywake,butthischangeswhenyoustartmoving—suchaswalkingtoschool.Aftersleep,yourbodyhasbeenwithoutfoodforalongtime.Theword“breakfast”reflectsthis—it’samealyouuseto“break”your“fast”(afastisaperiodoftimewhereyoudon’teat).___40___Foodslikebreadorporridgeprovideenergy.Haveadrink,too.A.Wakeyourselfyourway.B.Earlytobedandearlytorise.C.Yourbraincanfeeloverloaded.D.Soonitwillbecomesecondnature.E.Eatingsomethingtopsupyourfueltank.F.Skippingbreakfastincreasestheriskofheartdiseases.G.Checkyourtimetableandpackwhatyouneedforschool.【答案】36.C37.G38.A39.D40.E【语篇解读】本文是说明文。介绍了高中生如何打造高效、专注且充满活力的晨间流程，以减轻压力，确保从容有序地开启校园生活。【36题详析】根据前文“Lifeinseniorhighschoolscanbeexciting,butalsotiring.(高中生活可能令人兴奋，但也容易让人疲惫)”，以及后文“Therefore,it’seasytoforgetthings,especiallyinthemorningwhenyou’restillabitsleepy.(因此，人很容易忘事，尤其是在早上还有些犯困的时候)”可知，此空需解释“疲惫”与“忘事”之间的因果关系，作为衔接。C选项“Yourbraincanfeeloverloaded.(你的大脑可能会感觉超负荷)”符合语境。故选C项。【37题详析】根据本段小标题“Preparethenightbefore(提前夜间准备)”，以及前文“Thebestwaytoensureyourmorningrunssmoothlyistoprepareforitthenightbefore.(确保早上顺利的最佳方法是前一晚做好准备)”和后文“Selectbooksandcheckyouhavetheessentials...(挑选书本，检查必备物品……)”可知，此空需补充“夜间准备”的具体内容，且与“上学所需物品”相关。G选项“Checkyourtimetableandpackwhatyouneedforschool.(查看课程表，整理好上学需要带的东西)”符合语境。故选G项。【38题详析】分析语篇结构，此处需为本段小标题，与其他段落小标题格式一致（均为祈使句），且需概括段落核心内容。根据下文“Somepeopleriseveryeasily,butotherstakemoretimetofeelawake...Ifyouhaveanalarmclock,trytogetupassoonasitgoesoff...Youcouldalsodosomestretchesasyoulistentoasong.(有些人起床很轻松，但有些人需要更长时间清醒……如果你有闹钟，尽量响了就起……你也可以边听歌边做些拉伸)”可知，本段围绕“用适合自己的方式起床、唤醒自己”展开。A选项“Wakeyourselfyourway.(用自己的方式唤醒自己)”为祈使句，适合作小标题。故选A项。【39题详析】根据本段小标题“Doessentialtasksinorder(按顺序完成必要任务)”，以及前文“Tobuildaroutine,itcanbehelpfultodotheseinthesameordereachday...Ifyou’reforgetful,havealistpinnedupsoyoucancheckthingsoffasyougo.(要养成习惯，每天按相同顺序做这些事会很有帮助……如果你容易忘事，可以贴一张清单，做一件勾一件)”可知，此空需说明“按顺序做事、用清单核对”的最终效果。D选项“Soonitwillbecomesecondnature.(很快这就会变成你的本能反应)”符合语境。故选D项。【40题详析】根据本段小标题“Eatagoodbreakfast(吃营养早餐)”，以及前文“Aftersleep,yourbodyhasbeenwithoutfoodforalongtime.Theword“breakfast”reflectsthis—it’samealyouuseto“break”your“fast”...(睡眠后，身体长时间未进食。“早餐”这个词正体现了这一点——它是用来“打破”“禁食期”的一餐……)”和后文“Foodslikebreadorporridgeprovideenergy.(面包、粥等食物能提供能量)”可知，此空需承接“打破禁食期”，说明吃早餐的作用。E选项“Eatingsomethingtopsupyourfueltank.(吃点东西能给你的“油箱”加满油)”符合语境。故选E项。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。WhenAlexenteredhighschool,hecarriedamixof____41____andhope.Onthefirstmorning,herushedtothe____42____desktogethisstudentID,buthedroppedhispenandpapers.AboynamedLeostoppedtohelp—hepickedupthepapersand____43____Alexanewpenwithasmile.“Needahand?”Leoasked____44____.Alexthankedhim,feelinglessanxiousinstantly.InPEclass,theteacheraskedeveryonetojoinasoccergame.Alexwasnotgoodatsportsandwantedto____45____atfirst.ButLeoencouragedhim,“Justtry—teamwork____46____morethanwinning!”Alexdecidedtojoin.Heranhardandevenpassedtheballtoateammatewhoscoredagoal.Afterthegame,hisclassmatescheeredforhim,andhefeltastrongsenseof____47____.Afewweekslater,theirclassplannedaculturalshow.Theyneededto____48____forahallfromtheschool.Alexvolunteeredtomakea____49____—hedrewpicturesoftraditionaldancesandwrotedetailsabouttheshow.Histeacherpraisedhimforbeingso____50____.Onthedayoftheshow,Alexevenhelpedhostit.Hespokeclearlyandconfidently,whichsurprisedeveryone—heusedtobetoo____51____tospeakinfrontofacrowd.Bytheendoftheterm,Alexhadmademanyfriends.He____52____thathighschoolisabouttryingnewthingsandsupportingeachother.Whenhesawanewstudentlooking____53____atthegate,hewalkedovertooffer____54____—justlikeLeodidforhim.Alexknewthiswashowhecouldpassonthekindnesshe____55____.41.A.nervousness B.happiness C.sadness D.anger42.A.competition B.graduation C.celebration D.registration43.A.dropped B.bought C.found D.handed44.A.angrily B.patiently C.quickly D.carelessly45.A.wakeup B.cheerup C.giveup D.standup46.A.contacts B.hopes C.matters D.quits47.A.direction B.responsibility C.achievement D.introduction48.A.answer B.apply C.call D.pay49.A.poster B.letter C.diary D.report50.A.confused B.organized C.worried D.surprised51.A.shy B.outgoing C.lazy D.proud52.A.listened B.continued C.learned D.forgot53.A.excited B.relaxed C.happy D.awkward54.A.money B.help C.food D.water55.A.praised B.criticized C.doubted D.received【答案】41.A42.D43.D44.B45.C46.C47.C48.B49.A50.B51.A52.C53.D54.B55.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了高一学生亚历克斯刚进入高中时既紧张又充满希望，在同学利奥的善意帮助下，逐渐克服胆怯、尝试新事物，最终收获友谊与成长，并将这份善意传递给新同学的故事。【41题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当亚历克斯进入高中时，他心中充满了紧张与希望。A.nervousness紧张；B.happiness快乐；C.sadness悲伤；D.anger愤怒。根据下文中的“hedroppedhispenandpapers(他把笔和文件掉在了地上)”和“Alexthankedhim,feelinglessanxiousinstantly.(亚历克斯向他道谢，顿时感觉不那么焦虑了)”可知，亚历克斯初入高中时会感到焦虑紧张，选项中的nervousness与anxious虽然词性不同，但在语义上是照应关系，符合亚历克斯刚进入新环境的心态。故选A。【42题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：第一天早上，他冲到登记处去拿学生证，却掉了笔和文件。A.competition比赛；B.graduation毕业；C.celebration庆祝；D.registration登记。根据句中的“gethisstudentID(领取他的学生证)”可知，领取学生证的地点应是学校的登记处，选项中的registration可与desk搭配表示“登记处”。故选D。【43题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个名叫利奥的男孩停下来帮忙——他捡起文件，笑着递给亚历克斯一支新笔。A.dropped掉落；B.bought购买；C.found找到；D.handed递给。根据句中的“anewpen(一支新笔)”和空后的“Needahand?(需要帮助)”可推断，利奥在帮助亚历克斯，他捡起文件后递给亚历克斯新笔。故选D。【44题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：“需要帮忙吗？”利奥耐心地问道。A.angrily生气地；B.patiently耐心地；C.quickly快速地；D.carelessly粗心地。根据前句中的“withasmile(带着微笑)”和后句“Alexthankedhim,feelinglessanxiousinstantly.(亚历克斯向他道谢，顿时感觉不那么焦虑了)”可推断，利奥的态度是友善且有耐心的。故选B。【45题详析】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：亚历克斯不擅长运动，一开始想放弃。A.wakeup醒来；B.cheerup振作起来；C.giveup放弃；D.standup站起来。根据前句“InPEclass,theteacheraskedeveryonetojoinasoccergame.(在体育课上，老师要求所有人参加一场足球比赛)”和句中的“Alexwasnotgoodatsports(亚历克斯不擅长运动)”可推断，由于亚历克斯不擅长运动，他最初的想法是放弃参加足球赛。故选C。【46题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但利奥鼓励他：“试试吧——团队合作比胜利更重要！”A.contacts联系；B.hopes希望；C.matters重要；D.quits放弃。根据句中的“Justtry(试试吧)”可知，破折号后面的内容对它作解释说明，利奥鼓励不擅长运动的亚历克斯参与，传递“参与和团队合作比输赢更有意义”的理念，选项中的matter表示“重要”，与推断相吻合。故选C。【47题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：比赛结束后，同学们为他欢呼，他感到强烈的成就感。A.direction方向；B.responsibility责任；C.achievement成就；D.introduction介绍。根据句中的“classmatescheeredforhim(同学们为他欢呼)”可知，亚历克斯的努力有了积极结果，得到了同学们的认可，由此产生了成就感，选项中的achievement可以与空前的asenseof构成固定搭配，表示“成就感”。故选C。【48题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们需要向学校申请一个礼堂。A.answer回答；B.apply申请；C.call呼叫；D.pay支付。根据前句“Afewweekslater,theirclassplannedaculturalshow.(几周后，他们班打算举办一场文艺演出)”可推断，举办文化表演需要向学校申请场地，选项中的apply可以和空后的for搭配，表示“申请”，与推断相吻合。故选B。【49题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：亚历克斯自愿制作一张海报——他画了传统舞蹈的图片，并写下了表演的细节。A.poster海报；B.letter信件；C.diary日记；D.report报告。根据破折号后的“hedrewpicturesoftraditionaldancesandwrotedetailsabouttheshow(他画了传统舞蹈的图画，并为演出撰写了详细的介绍)”可推断，绘制图片、标注表演细节的载体是海报，起到宣传作用，符合文化表演筹备的需求。故选A。【50题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的老师称赞他很有条理。A.confused困惑的；B.organized有条理的；C.worried担心的；D.surprised惊讶的。根据句中的“praise(表扬)”可知，所填词具有正面意义。结合前文中的“hedrewpicturesoftraditionaldancesandwrotedetailsabouttheshow(他画了传统舞蹈的图画，并为演出撰写了详细的介绍)”可推断，亚历克斯能主动制作海报，且清晰呈现图片和表演细节，体现了他做事有条理的特点，因此老师给予了称赞，organized与推断相吻合。故选B。【51题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他说话清晰自信，这让所有人都感到惊讶——他以前太害羞了，不敢在众人面前说话。A.shy害羞的；B.outgoing外向的；C.lazy懒惰的；D.proud骄傲的。根据句中的“Hespokeclearlyandconfidently,whichsurprisedeveryone(他说话清晰自信，这让所有人都感到惊讶)”和破折号后的“usedtobe(过去是)”可知，这是将现在和过去进行对比，现在自信，过去的状态应是“害羞、不自信”。故选A。【52题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他明白了高中是尝试新事物、互相支持。A.listened听；B.continued继续；C.learned学到；D.forgot忘记。根据句中的“highschoolisabouttryingnewthingsandsupportingeachother(高中是尝试新事物、互相支持)”可知，这是亚历克斯从高中生活中学到的道理。故选C。【53题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当他看到一个新同学在门口显得尴尬时，他走过去提供帮助——就像利奥曾经帮助他那样。A.excited兴奋的；B.relaxed放松的；C.happy开心的；D.awkward尴尬的。根据句中的“justlikeLeodidforhim(就像利奥曾经帮助他那样)”可知，由于亚历克斯刚来学校时很紧张但是得到了利奥的帮助，可推断新同学刚到学校，面对陌生环境会感到尴尬，与亚历克斯初入高中时的紧张状态相呼应。故选D。【54题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他看到一个新同学在门口显得尴尬时，他走过去提供帮助——就像利奥曾经帮助他那样。A.money钱；B.help帮助；C.food食物；D.water水。根据句中的“justlikeLeodidforhim(就像利奥曾经帮助他那样)”可推断，由于利奥当初给予亚历克斯的是帮助，因此亚历克斯也向新同学提供帮助。故选B。【55题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：亚历克斯知道这就是他传递所收到的善意的方式。A.praised表扬；B.criticized批评；C.doubted怀疑；D.received收到。根据前句中的“justlikeLeodidforhim(就像利奥曾经帮助他那样)”和本句中的“Alexknewthiswashowhecouldpassonthekindness(亚历克斯明白，这是他传递善意的方式)”可推断，亚历克斯从利奥那里得到了帮助，现在他帮助新同学，是将自己曾经收到的善意传递出去，received与推断内容相吻合。故选D。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。IalwaysdreamedoftravelingtoNanjing.AssoonasIgotachance____56____(visit)itthisyear,Ibookedatrainticketimmediately.VisitingNanjingwasliketakingastepbackintime.Thecity,withitsrichhistory,leftmeadeep____57____(impress).Iarrivedearlyinthemorning,andthefirstplaceIvisitedwastheSunYat-senMausoleum.It____58____(build)inthe1920sasthefinalrestingplaceofDr.SunYat-sen,aninfluentialandadmirablepersoninmodernChinesehistory.Thescenerythereissobreathtaking.____59____(amaze)bytheviewfromthetopofthehill,Icouldn’thelptakingsomanyphotos.IthenwalkedthroughtheoldstreetsoftheConfuciusTemplearea.Theplacewasbusyandfilledwithshopssellingallsortsofthings,____60____(include)thefamousNanjingsaltedduck,whichtastesasgoodasitsmells.Thenextday,I____61____(explore)theNanjingMuseum.Themuseumisreallybig,andIlearnedalotaboutChineseartandhistory____62____thevolunteerguidesthere.Lastly,IwenttothePresidentialPalace.Thisbig,oldhousehasseenmanychangesandisamixofChineseandWestern____63____(style).ForthosewhocometoNanjing,IbelievevisitingthePresidentialPalaceis____64____must.Nanjingisacity_____65_____thepast