湖北省黄冈市2025-2026学年高三上学期1月期末考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1湖北省黄冈市2025-2026学年高三上学期1月期末英语试题第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AManycountriesareconsideringreducingspeedlimitsonmotorwaysandinurbanareas.FuelsavingsandreductionsinCO2emissionsarejusttwoofthereasonsfordoingso.Fuelconsumptiondecreasesthesloweryoudrive,becausethemovingcarhastoovercomefewerphysicalforcessuchasairresistanceandrollingfriction(摩擦)betweentyresandroad.Airresistanceincreaseswiththesquareofthespeed.Thismeansthatacarexperiences28%moreairresistanceataspeedof130km/hthanat110km/h.SlowerspeedisnottheonlywaytoreducetheCO2emissionsfromyourcar.Therearethreeautomotivetipstohelptheclimateelse.STREAMLINETHECAR1.Unevenness(不均匀)increasestheairresistanceofyourcar,andsoitsCO2emissions.Fouropenwindowsincreasefuelconsumptionbyupto27%.GETUPTHEGEARS(齿轮)QUICKLY2.Petrolanddiesel(柴油)carsshouldalwaysbedriveninthehighestpossiblegear:theenginethenhasasfewrevolutionsaspossible.Fuelconsumptionbetweentwogearscanvarybyupto20%.MAINTAINTYREPRESSURE3.Cartyresattherecommendedpressureensureidealdriving.Ifthetyrepressuredropsto75%pressure,fuelconsumptionincreasesby2%.Ifitdropsbyhalf,theincreaseisasmuchas10%.Here’sthebreakdownoffuelconsumptionimpactofdrivinghabitsandvehicleadjustmentsfromtheFederationofDanishMotorists(FDM).1.Whydoesdrivingatalowerspeedhelpcutfueluse?A.Itweakensthephysicalforcesthecarmustfightagainst.B.Itchangesthewayairresistanceaffectsthecar.C.Itlightenstheweightofthemovingvehicle.D.Itmakestheengineworkatahigherspeed.2.Whatwillhappenifacar’swindowsarewideopenwhiledriving?A.It’lllowerthecar’sairresistance.B.It’llreducethecar’sCO₂emissions.C.It’llleadtoasharpriseinfueluse.D.It’llmakethecarrunmoresmoothly.3.Whatisthefuel-savingeffectofreducingspeedfrom130km/hto110km/haccordingtoFDMdata?A.10%. B.16%. C.Upto20%. D.Nearly28%.【答案】1.A2.C3.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了降低车速、优化车身设计、快速换挡及保持轮胎压力等可减少汽车燃油消耗和二氧化碳排放。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Fuelconsumptiondecreasesthesloweryoudrive,becausethemovingcarhastoovercomefewerphysicalforcessuchasairresistanceandrollingfriction(摩擦)betweentyresandroad.(你开得越慢，燃油消耗就越少，因为行驶中的汽车需要克服的物理阻力就越少，比如空气阻力和轮胎与路面之间的滚动摩擦力)”可知，以较低的速度行驶有助于减少燃油消耗是因为它削弱了汽车必须对抗的物理力。故选A。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据STREAMLINETHECAR部分中“Fouropenwindowsincreasefuelconsumptionbyupto27%.(四个打开的窗户会使燃油消耗增加高达27%)”可知，如果开车时车窗大开，会导致燃油使用量急剧上升。故选C。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据图表中“Speed:130→110km/h(Fuel/CO₂Saving)(车速：130→110公里/小时（燃油/二氧化碳节省）)”对应的“16%”可知，根据FDM的数据，将车速从130km/h降至110km/h的节油效果是16%。故选B。BAsoneof400-plusforeignersatmyschool—Thailand,France,andbeyond—IbelongtotheInternationalDivision.Infact,mostofthestudentsonmycampusareChinese,andIinteractwiththemdailythroughsharedcourseworkandextracurricularactivities,likesportingevents,includinganannualtrackandfieldmeetandregularfootballmatches.WhileEnglishisthelanguageofinstructioninafewclasses,mostofusadvanceintohigher-levelcoursesconductedentirelyinChinese,whichisalsothelanguagewespeakincommon.Whiletheschoolhasemphasizedinternationalization,includingadmittingforeignstudentsandsustaininginternationalconnections,it’sdonesowhilepreservingChinesevaluesandacademicrigor(严谨性).Perhapscontrarytosomeinternationalperceptions,Chineseeducationhasmaturedandfollowedaprogressivecurveinitsdevelopment,findingbetterpathwaystohighperformance,creativityandinnovation,eschewingoldmodelsofrote(死记硬背)andrepetition.Consequently,whilewe’rewell-knownforourstrongexamscores,whichremainsabaselineweallstrivetosupport,weshouldalsobeknownasaschoolwherekidskeepguitarsandbasketballscloseathand,andwherestudentsformbandsandteamstoplayonandoffcampus.Aboveallweshouldbeknownasaschooldevotedtodevelopinghealthymindsandbodies,alwaysreadytocooperateandcompete.Recentlyagroupofsevenofmyfriendscamehomewithmeafterschooltohaveahomecookedmeal.Weenjoyedavarietyofdishes,piledwithfruit,cheeseandspicyThainoodles.Afterwards,Ibroughtoutabigchocolatecakeandwecovereditwithcandles,singing“HappyBirthday”formygrandmabackinAmericainfivedifferentlanguages.Hereyesbrimmedwithtearsofhappinessasshewatchedusonline.4.Whatisthecommoncommunicationlanguageamongthestudents?A.English. B.Chinese. C.Thai. D.French.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“eschewing”inparagraph2mean?A.Abandoning. B.Adopting. C.Improving. D.Exploring.6.Whatcanweinferabouttheauthor’sschoollife?A.Itprioritizesexamscores.B.Itfocusesonrotelearning.C.Itbalancesacademicsandextracurriculars.D.ItgivesupChinesevaluesforinternationalization.7.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoshowthroughthebirthdaystory?A.Onlinebirthdaycelebrationsaremoretouching.B.Home-cookedmealsarepopularamongstudents.C.Thestudentsaregoodatsingingindifferentlanguages.D.Theschool’sinternationalizationpromotescross-culturalbonds.【答案】4.B5.A6.C7.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者作为国际部学生在中国学校的经历，包括语言学习、学校生活及跨文化交流。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“WhileEnglishisthelanguageofinstructioninafewclasses,mostofusadvanceintohigher-levelcoursesconductedentirelyinChinese,whichisalsothelanguagewespeakincommon.(虽然有少数课程采用英语授课，但我们中的大部分人升入高年级后，所学课程就全部转为中文教学了——中文也是我们日常交流的通用语言。)”可知，中文是学生们之间交流的共同语言。故选B。【5题详析】词句猜测题。根据第二段中“Perhapscontrarytosomeinternationalperceptions,Chineseeducationhasmaturedandfollowedaprogressivecurveinitsdevelopment,findingbetterpathwaystohighperformance,creativityandinnovation,eschewingoldmodelsofrote(死记硬背)andrepetition.(或许与一些国际社会对中国教育的固有印象不同，如今的中国教育已经日趋成熟，发展进程稳步向前，探索出了能够兼顾高效学习成效、培养创新创造能力的优质路径，eschewing过去死记硬背、机械重复的陈旧模式。)”可知，中国教育已经成熟，在发展中遵循进步的曲线，找到了实现高绩效、创造力和创新的更好途径，因此抛弃了旧的死记硬背和重复的模式。故eschewing意思是“抛弃”。故选A。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Consequently,whilewe’rewell-knownforourstrongexamscores,whichremainsabaselineweallstrivetosupport,weshouldalsobeknownasaschoolwherekidskeepguitarsandbasketballscloseathand,andwherestudentsformbandsandteamstoplayonandoffcampus.(因此，虽然我们以优异的考试成绩而闻名，这仍然是我们所有人都努力支持的基准，但我们也应该被认为是一所孩子们随身携带吉他和篮球的学校，一所学生们组成乐队和团队在校园内外表演的学校。)”可推知，作者学校生活兼顾学术和课外活动。故选C。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Recentlyagroupofsevenofmyfriendscamehomewithmeafterschooltohaveahomecookedmeal.Weenjoyedavarietyofdishes,piledwithfruit,cheeseandspicyThainoodles.Afterwards,Ibroughtoutabigchocolatecakeandwecovereditwithcandles,singing“HappyBirthday”formygrandmabackinAmericainfivedifferentlanguages.Hereyesbrimmedwithtearsofhappinessasshewatchedusonline.(最近，放学后，我的七个朋友和我一同回家吃了一顿家常饭。我们享用了各种菜肴，堆满了水果、奶酪和辣味泰国面条。之后，我拿出一个大巧克力蛋糕，上面插上蜡烛，我们用五种不同的语言为我在美国的奶奶唱“生日快乐”。当她在网上看着我们时，她的眼睛里充满了幸福的泪水。)”可推知，作者想通过生日故事说明学校的国际化促进了跨文化联系。故选D。CWeknowthatsomeanimalslivelongerthanothers,butwedonotyetfullyunderstandwhy.Researchershavepreviouslyidentifiedbrainsizeandmetabolic(新陈代谢)ratesasfactorsthatcanvarylifespan,butnowevolutionaryresearchersfromtheUK’sUniversityofBathhavefoundanotherfactor,andit’sonethatcouldbekeytounderstandingwhycatstendtolivelongerthandogs.“Ourstudyrevealsthesurprisingroleplayedbytheimmunesystem-notjustinfightingdisease,butalsoinsupportinglongevityacrossawiderangeofmammals,”saysBenjaminfromtheUniversityofBath’sCentreforEvolution.Theresearchdoesnotdismisstheotherreasons,rathersuggestinglongevityisacombinationoffactors.Theresearchersinvestigatedthemaximumlifespanof46differentmammalianspecies,comparingtheanimals’genes.Theteamstudieddolphins,whichcanliveforupto39years,andotherwhalesthatliveforupto100years,buttheyalsolookedintosmalleranimalssuchasmice,whichtypicallyliveforonlyonetotwoyears.Theresultsshowedthatcertainsmallanimalslivelongerthanexpected,suchasnakedmolerats,whichcanlive20yearsdespiteasmallsizeandbrain.Thespeciesthatlivethelongesthadmoregenesassociatedwiththeirimmunesystem,accordingtotheresearchers;theteambelievesthatastrongimmunesystemactstoeliminatedamagedcells,whilealsofightinginfectionsandpreventingdisease.Catsaregiftedwithastrongnaturalimmunitythroughadiversesetofimmune-relatedgenes,whereastheselectivebreedingofdogshasleftsomebreedswithinheritedimmunedeficiencies(缺陷).Theresearchersnowintendtolookdeeperintosignificantdifferencesinthelifespansofdifferentmammalsbyinvestigatingspecificgenesthatrelatetocancerandotherlife-shorteningdiseases.8.Howdoestheauthorpresenttheissueinthefirstparagraph?A.Byquotinganexpert. B.Bydefiningaconcept.C.Bycomparingfindings. D.Byprovidingstatistics.9.WhatdidtheUniversityofBathresearchersfocuson?A.Dailyeatinghabits. B.Livingenvironments.C.Geneticcharacteristics. D.Reproductivepatterns.10.Whydoestheauthormentionnakedmolerats?A.Tocomparetheirlifespanwiththatofmice.B.Toexplainwhysmallanimalsliveshorterlives.C.Toshownakedmoleratshavethelongestlifespan.D.Toprovesizeandbrainsizedon’tdeterminelifespan.11.Whatistheresearchers’nextplan?A.Tostudytheimmunesystemofcatsanddogs.B.Toexploregenesassociatedwithseverediseases.C.Toconfirmtheroleofmetabolicratesinlifespan.D.Toinvestigatetheeffectofbreedingonimmunity.【答案】8.C9.C10.D11.B【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了巴斯大学的一项新研究，发现强大的免疫系统和相关基因是哺乳动物长寿的关键因素，这解释了为何猫通常比狗长寿。【8题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Weknowthatsomeanimalslivelongerthanothers,butwedonotyetfullyunderstandwhy.Researchershavepreviouslyidentifiedbrainsizeandmetabolic(新陈代谢)ratesasfactorsthatcanvarylifespan,butnowevolutionaryresearchersfromtheUK’sUniversityofBathhavefoundanotherfactor,andit’sonethatcouldbekeytounderstandingwhycatstendtolivelongerthandogs.(我们知道有些动物比其他动物活得更久，但我们尚未完全理解其中的原因。研究人员此前已确认脑容量和新陈代谢率是影响寿命的因素，但现在英国巴斯大学的进化研究人员发现了另一个因素，这可能是理解为什么猫往往比狗长寿的关键)”可知，作者在第一段通过对比分析结果提出这个问题。故选C。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Theresearchersinvestigatedthemaximumlifespanof46differentmammalianspecies,comparingtheanimals’genes.(研究人员对46种不同哺乳动物的最长寿命进行了研究，并对这些动物的基因进行了比较)”可知，巴斯大学的研究人员关注的是遗传特征。故选C。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段“Theresultsshowedthatcertainsmallanimalslivelongerthanexpected,suchasnakedmolerats,whichcanlive20yearsdespiteasmallsizeandbrain.(研究结果表明，某些小型动物的寿命比预期的要长，比如裸鼹鼠，尽管体型小且大脑较小，但它们的寿命却能长达20年)”可知，作者提及裸鼹鼠以证明体型和大脑大小并不能决定寿命。故选D。【11题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Theresearchersnowintendtolookdeeperintosignificantdifferencesinthelifespansofdifferentmammalsbyinvestigatingspecificgenesthatrelatetocancerandotherlife-shorteningdiseases.(研究人员现在打算进一步探究不同哺乳动物寿命上的显著差异，为此他们将研究与癌症及其他缩短寿命的疾病相关的特定基因)”可知，研究人员接下来的计划是探索与严重疾病相关的基因。故选B。DForthefirsttimeever,apowerfullaser(激光)beamfromEarthhasreportedlyhitatargetdeepinspace.Itcouldbethekeytolightning-fastspacecommunicationinthefuture.Imaginetryingtoaimatsomethingadistanceofastrand(股)ofhairfromadistanceof10km.That’sroughlyequivalenttowhatChineseresearchershaveachieved,usingalaserinspacetotargetadistantsatelliteorbitingtheMoon.AerospaceengineersoftheBeijing-basedAcademyofScienceshavestruckasatellitewithaninfrared(红外)laserinbroaddaylightandacrossadistanceof130,000km.ThepowerfullaserbeamhitareflectoronTiandu-1,aChineselunarnavigationandcommunicationstestsatellite,whichwaslaunchedinMarch2024:ThesignalwasreturnedtoEarthinlessthanasecond,capturedbyatelescopeinYunnaninSouth-WesternChina.Itisthefirsttimeeverthatengineershavemanagedtoaccuratelylocateandmeasureasatellitesofarawayandtodosoindaylight,whensunlightusuallyinterfereswithmeasurements.Insimilarearlierefforts,researchershadbeenabletocollectdataforonlyshortperiodsoftime.Butbydemonstratingthatthetechnologyalsoworksinsunlight,theresearchershavenowshownthatthemethodcouldenablemuchmorefrequentandaccuratemeasurementsinspace.Themethodcouldalsobeusedtorevolutionizecommunicationsinspace.CurrentlyweuseradiowavestosendmessagestoplacessuchasMars,butlaserscouldsendgreatlyincreasedquantitiesofdatainthesametime.Thetechnologycouldpavethewayforlightning-fastcontactwithfuturebasesontheMoon—andperhapsonedayonMars.StablelaserlinksinspacecanreportedlysenddatatoandfromEarthupto100timesfasterthancanradiowaves,perhapsanimportantboosttocommunicationwithfutureastronautsontheMoonandMars.12.WhatdidtheChineseresearcherssuccessfullymakethelaserbeamreach?A.Alunarbaseunderconstruction.B.AMarsexplorationspacecraft.C.Areflectivedeviceonatestsatellite.D.AgroundtelescopeinYunnan.13.WhatmakestheChineseengineers’achievementparticularlyremarkable?A.Locatingaso-distantsatellitepreciselyindaylight.B.LaunchingaMoon-orbitingsatellite130,000kmaway.C.GettingthesignalreturnedtoEarthinasecond.D.Usinganinfraredlaserforthefirsttimesuccessfully.14.Whatcanbeinferredaboutradiowavesinspacecommunication?A.TheyareunabletoreachMarsfromEarth.B.Theywillsoonbereplacedbylasertechnology.C.Theyhavelowerdatatransmissioncapacitythanlasers.D.Theyaremoreeasilyinterferedwithbysunlightthanlasers.15.Whichofthefollowingisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.AHistoricLaserStrike:TargetingtheMoonB.Tiandu-1Satellite:BridgingEarthandtheMoonC.RadioWaves:TheFutureofSpaceCommunicationD.China’sLaser:ALeapforDeep-SpaceCommunication【答案】12.C13.A14.C15.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了中国研究人员成功用激光束击中月球轨道上的测试卫星上的反射器，展示了激光在太空通信中的巨大潜力。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“ThepowerfullaserbeamhitareflectoronTiandu-1,aChineselunarnavigationandcommunicationstestsatellite,whichwaslaunchedinMarch2024:ThesignalwasreturnedtoEarthinlessthanasecond,capturedbyatelescopeinYunnaninSouth-WesternChina.(这束强激光精准命中了2024年3月发射的中国月球导航与通信试验卫星“天都一号”上的反射器，信号在不到一秒的时间内传回地球，由中国西南部云南省的一台望远镜捕获。)”可知，中国研究人员成功让激光束到达了测试卫星上的反射装置。故选C。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Itisthefirsttimeeverthatengineershavemanagedtoaccuratelylocateandmeasureasatellitesofarawayandtodosoindaylight,whensunlightusuallyinterfereswithmeasurements.(这是工程师们首次成功在如此远的距离精确地定位和测量一颗卫星，并且是在白天进行的，而通常阳光会干扰测量。)”可知，中国工程师的成就特别显著之处在于在白天精确地定位了如此遥远的卫星。故选A。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据第五段中“CurrentlyweuseradiowavestosendmessagestoplacessuchasMars,butlaserscouldsendgreatlyincreasedquantitiesofdatainthesametime.(目前我们使用无线电波向火星等地发送信息，但激光可以在相同的时间内发送更多的数据。)”可知，在太空通信中，无线电波的数据传输能力比激光低。故选C。【15题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段“Forthefirsttimeever,apowerfullaser(激光)beamfromEarthhasreportedlyhitatargetdeepinspace.Itcouldbethekeytolightning-fastspacecommunicationinthefuture.(据报道，有史以来第一次，来自地球的强大激光束击中了深空的一个目标。这可能是未来闪电般快速太空通信的关键。)”可知，文章主要讲述了中国研究人员成功用激光束击中月球轨道上的测试卫星上的反射器，激光技术推动深空通信发展，中国的激光技术为深空通信带来了飞跃。因此选项D“China’sLaser:ALeapforDeep-SpaceCommunication(中国的激光：深空通信的一大飞跃)”最符合文章主旨。故选D。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。TheLastLivingMonetEverywinter,theheadgardeneratClaudeMonet’sgardeninthetinyFrenchvillageofGivernysitsdowntoapileofseedlists’fordisappointment.Avisardknowshemustgrowatleast520,000plantstorecreatethesehistoricgrounds.Buteachyearatleast10seedvarietiesheselectedthepreviousseasonwilldisappear.____16____WhenMonetmovedtoGivernyin1883,nurseries(苗圃)werecoveredwithVictorianflowers.Manyofhisfavoredvarietieshavesincegoneextinctorbeencompletelychangedaspeoplepreferbothharder(耐寒的)plantsandflowerswithever-increasingblooms.Thisseason,Avisardiscrazyaboutgrowingatallerpelargonium(天竺葵),aclumped-flower(簇状花)cousintothegeranium(老鹳草)thatMonetfamouslyplantedinseveralredandpinkbedsinfrontofhispinkhouse.“____17____”Avisardsays.“Tobringthembackwouldbearesurrection(起死回生).”Headgardenersince2016,Avisardnowleadsadozengardeners,twiceasmanyasMonetenlisted.____18____Wetterwintersfollowedbyhot,drysummersleadtoearliercrowdsofpests.Inaddition,themanagementoftouristsposesasignificantchallenge.____19____“It’scomplicated.”saysAvisard,“____20____”HeandGiverny’sgardenersseektopleaseamanthey’venevermetbycreatingaspacesoidentifiablethatitremindsstrangersofpaintingstheyseehanginginmuseumstheworldover.Asseedsdisappear,thetaskonlygetsharder.“WewantpeopletolookoutlikeMonetandseewhathesaw.”A.Youcan’tbuythemanywhere.B.Aswithfashion,people’stastesinflowerschange.C.ThetouristshavetofeelliketheyareinMonet’spaintings.D.Thesegardenersstrugglewithawildlychangingecosystem.E.Monet’sgardensymbolizesimpressionistartandnaturalbeauty.F.Hisworkincludesplanting,researchingandsourcingrareseeds.G.Nearly800,000visitorsflocktotheareaeveryyearbetweenAprilandOctober.【答案】16.B17.A18.D19.G20.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了莫奈花园首席园丁Avisard为重现莫奈花园历史原貌，面临种子消失、生态系统变化及游客管理等诸多挑战，仍努力让游客感受如同置身莫奈画作中的故事。【16题详析】根据上文“Buteachyearatleast10seedvarietiesheselectedthepreviousseasonwilldisappear(但每年他上一季挑选的至少10种种子品种会消失)”以及下文“Manyofhisfavoredvarietieshavesincegoneextinctorbeencompletelychangedaspeoplepreferbothharder(耐寒的)plantsandflowerswithever-increasingblooms(他喜欢的许多品种此后已经灭绝或完全改变，因为人们更喜欢耐寒的植物和花朵越来越大的品种)”可知，前文提到每年有至少10种选定的种子品种消失，后文则指出莫奈时期的许多花卉品种因人们偏好耐寒、开花更多的品种而灭绝或被改变。B项“Aswithfashion,people’stastesinflowerschange(就像时尚一样，人们对花的品味也会改变)”起到了承上启下的作用，解释了花卉品种消失和改变的原因是人们的品味变化，符合语境，故选B项。【17题详析】根据前文“Thisseason,Avisardiscrazyaboutgrowingatallerpelargonium(天竺葵),aclumped-flower(簇状花)cousintothegeranium(老鹳草)thatMonetfamouslyplantedinseveralredandpinkbedsinfrontofhispinkhouse(这个季节，Avisard热衷于种植一种更高的天竺葵，这种簇状花是老鹳草的近亲，莫奈曾在他粉色房子前的几个红粉色花坛里种植过)”以及下文“Tobringthembackwouldbearesurrection(起死回生).(将它们重新培育回来，无异于一次起死回生)”可知，前文提及阿维萨德热衷于培育一种莫奈曾种植的高株天竺葵，后文表示把它们带回来堪称起死回生，可推理出这种天竺葵现在很难买到，与A项“Youcan’tbuythemanywhere(你在任何地方都买不到它们)”表达的含义一致，故选A项。【18题详析】根据前文“Wetterwintersfollowedbyhot,drysummersleadtoearliercrowdsofpests.Inaddition,themanagementoftouristsposesasignificantchallenge(冬季潮湿，随后是炎热干燥的夏季，导致害虫提前大量出现。此外，游客管理也带来了重大挑战)”可知，前文介绍阿维萨德领导的园丁团队规模，后文则列举了潮湿冬季和干热夏季导致害虫提早滋生的问题。D项“Thesegardenersstrugglewithawildlychangingecosystem(这些园丁与剧烈变化的生态系统作斗争)”作为过渡句，点明园丁们面临的核心难题是生态系统的剧烈变化，符合语境，故选D项。【19题详析】根据前文“Inaddition,themanagementoftouristsposesasignificantchallenge(此外，游客管理也带来了重大挑战)”可知，前文提出游客管理也带来了重大挑战，G项“Nearly800,000visitorsflocktotheareaeveryyearbetweenAprilandOctober(每年4月至10月，近80万游客涌入该地区)”用具体的游客数量数据支撑这一观点，解释了游客管理难度大的原因，具体说明游客管理方面的挑战，符合语境，故选G项。【20题详析】根据前文““It’scomplicated.”saysAvisard(“这很复杂。”阿维萨尔说道)”以及后文“HeandGiverny’sgardenersseektopleaseamanthey’venevermetbycreatingaspacesoidentifiablethatitremindsstrangersofpaintingstheyseehanginginmuseumstheworldover(他和吉维尼的园丁们试图通过创造一个如此独特的空间来取悦一个他们从未见过的人，这个空间能让陌生人想起他们在世界各地博物馆里看到的画作)”可知，前文阿维萨德说“这很复杂”，后文则说明园丁们的目标是打造辨识度高的空间，让游客联想到博物馆里的莫奈画作。C项“ThetouristshavetofeelliketheyareinMonet’spaintings(游客们必须感觉他们置身于莫奈的画作中)”点明了“复杂”之处的核心目标，即让游客获得身临其境的体验，符合语境，故选C项。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Amassivestormbrokethetown’sseawalls,pouringwaterintothestreets.Thomaswatchedthewaterrisefromnothingtohisanklesinminutes.Hehurriedto____21____hisneighborsinthesmallsix-unitbuildingwherehelived.Thomasbangedonthedoorofanelderlyneighborwhowasgettingreadytoleave.Hehelpedtheoldmangetintohiscar.Thomasalsowoketwootherneighbors,whoquickly____22____intotheirowncarwiththeirpets.Soon,theyspedaway,withwateralmostreachingtheircarlights.Thomaspickeda____23____12-footpaddleboard(浆板).Heputsome____24____intoabackpack,attachedaflashlightandpaddle,thenslidupontheboard.He____25____paddledthroughthedark,floodedstreets.Whenhewastyinghisboardtoatreeindeepwater,awoman____26____tohimfromabalcony.Shepointedtoasmallapartmentacrossaflooded____27____andsaid,“Awomanistrappedthere!Willyougoand____28____her?”“Iwill,”Thomasshoutedback.He____29____hispaddleboardandwenttothebuilding.Inside,56-year-oldteacherValerieAndersonwas____30____withherbigdog.Thewaterlevelkeptrising,butAndersondidn’tdaretoescapealone.Thefastwaterandhiddenobjectsoutsidecouldmakeherslipandbecarriedaway.Thomas____31____thedoor,buttheimmenseweightofthewatermadeithardtoopen.“Gotothesidewindow!”hecalled.Andersonopenedthewindow.Thomasstruggledthroughthewatertoherroom,climbedin,andhelpedherandherdogout.Fromnearbybalconies,neighborsshoneflashlightsto____32____themtosafety.Atlast,Thomasputhispaddleboardaway.Hewasgladhehad____33____afewbeersinhisbackpackbeforeleavinghis____34____.Tomorrow,theywouldcleanup.Buttonight,hehadsavedhis____35____inthetownwherehegrewup.21.A.convince B.warn C.evaluate D.spot22.A.looked B.dipped C.piled D.dug23.A.trapped B.hidden C.delicate D.tough24.A.valuables B.instruments C.lights D.pets25.A.gently B.slightly C.deliberately D.quickly26.A.smiled B.turned C.shouted D.pointed27.A.street B.park C.balcony D.lake28.A.turndown B.checkon C.appealto D.cutoff29.A.lowered B.repaired C.untied D.expanded30.A.stuck B.occupied C.content D.bored31.A.opened B.tried C.shut D.broke32.A.follow B.protect C.pull D.guide33.A.bought B.downloaded C.generated D.stored34.A.apartment B.safety C.paddleboard D.danger35.A.friends B.family C.neighbors D.teachers【答案】21.B22.C23.D24.A25.D26.C27.A28.B29.C30.A31.B32.D33.D34.A35.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了在洪水来临时，Thomas勇敢救助邻居的英勇事迹。【21题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他急忙去警告他居住的六单元小楼里的邻居们。A.convince说服；B.warn警告；C.evaluate评估；D.spot发现。根据上文“Amassivestormbrokethetown’sseawalls,pouringwaterintothestreets.Thomaswatchedthewaterrisefromnothingtohisanklesinminutes.Hehurriedto”和下文“hisneighbors”可知，洪水即将来袭，Thomas的行为是警告邻居避险。故选B。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Thomas还叫醒了另外两位邻居，他们很快就带着宠物挤进了自己的车里。A.looked看；B.dipped浸；C.piled堆积；D.dug挖。根据前文“Hehelpedtheoldmangetintohiscar.Thomasalsowoketwootherneighbors,whoquickly”和后文“intotheirowncarwiththeirpets”可知，前文描述他帮助老人上了他的车，此处指邻居带着宠物匆忙逃生，也挤进了车里，应用pileinto为固定搭配，意为“挤进”。故选C。【23题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Thomas挑选了一块结实的12英尺长的桨板。A.trapped受困的；B.hidden隐藏的；C.delicate易碎的；D.tough结实的。根据后文“12-footpaddleboard”可知，桨板需要在洪水之中载人前行，必须足够坚固耐用。故选D。【24题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他把一些贵重物品放进背包，装上手电筒和桨，然后滑上桨板。A.valuables贵重物品；B.instruments仪器；C.lights灯；D.pets宠物。根据前文“Heputsome”和后文“intoabackpack”以及常识可知，救援时背包里放的是贵重物品。故选A。【25题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他迅速地在黑暗的、被洪水淹没的街道上划桨。A.gently温柔地；B.slightly轻微地；C.deliberately故意地；D.quickly快速地。根据后文“paddledthroughthedark,floodedstreets”可知，情况紧急，所以是迅速地划桨。故选D。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他在深水里把桨板系在树上时，一个女人从阳台上向他大喊。A.smiled微笑；B.turned转弯；C.shouted喊叫；D.pointed指着。根据后文“tohimfromabalcony.Shepointedtoasmallapartmentacrossafloodedandsaid,“Awomanistrappedthere!Willyougoandher?””可知，女人在阳台上，距离较远，所以女人需要远距离向Thomas求救，因此用呼喊的方式。故选C。【27题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她指着被洪水淹没的街道对面的一间小公寓说：“有个女人被困在那里了！你去看看她好吗？”A.street街道；B.park公园；C.balcony阳台；D.lake湖。根据上文“paddledthroughthedark,floodedstreets”、“Shepointedtoasmallapartmentacrossaflooded”可知，他在黑暗的、被洪水淹没的街道上划桨，所以此处指被洪水淹没的街道。故选A。【28题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：你去看看她好吗？A.turndown拒绝；B.checkon查看，核实（是否安全）；C.appealto呼吁；D.cutoff切断。根据上文“Awomanistrappedthere!Willyougoand”可知，有一个女人被困，所以说话的人请求对方去看看她。checkon既包含“确认情况”的含义，又隐含“提供帮助”的意图，符合语境，故选B。【29题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他解开桨板，向大楼走去。A.lowered降低；B.repaired修理；C.untied解开；D.expanded扩大。根据前文“Whenhewastyinghisboardtoatreeindeepwater”和后文“hispaddleboardandwenttothebuilding”可知，Thomas此前将桨板系在了树上，现在需要解开才能出发救人。故选C。【30题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在里面，56岁的教师ValerieAnderson和她的大狗被困住了。A.stuck卡住的，被困的；B.occupied忙碌的；C.content满意的；D.bored厌倦的。根据前文““Awomanistrappedthere!”、“56-year-oldteacherValerieAndersonwas”、后文“Thewaterlevelkeptrising,butAndersondidn’tdaretoescapealone.”可知，前文描述有人喊话说有个女人被困，后文描述Anderson不敢独自逃跑，所以此处指ValerieAnderson和她的大狗被困住了。故选A。【31题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Thomas试着打开门，但巨大的水压使门很难打开。A.opened打开；B.tried尝试；C.shut关闭；D.broke打破。根据后文“thedoor,buttheimmenseweightofthewatermadeithardtoopen”可知，Thomas试着打开门，但是没有成功。故选B。【32题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：从附近的阳台上，邻居们用手电筒指引他们到达安全地带。A.follow跟随；B.protect保护；C.pull拉；D.guide指导。根据前文“neighborsshoneflashlightsto”和后文“themtosafety”可知，手电筒的作用是照亮道路、指引方向，帮助Thomas和Anderson逃生。故选D。【33题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他很高兴在离开公寓前在背包里存放了几瓶啤酒。A.bought买；B.downloaded下载；C.generated产生；D.stored存放，储存。根据前文“Heputsomeintoabackpack”和后文“afewbeersinhisbackpackbeforeleaving”可知，指在背包里存放了几瓶啤酒，应用stored。故选D。【34题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他很高兴在离开公寓前在背包里放了几瓶啤酒。A.apartment公寓；B.safety安全；C.paddleboard桨板；D.danger危险。根据上文“Hehurriedtohisneighborsinthesmallsix-unitbuildingwherehelived”“beforeleavinghis”可知，他住在公寓里，所以是离开公寓前在背包里放了几瓶啤酒。故选A。【35题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但今晚，他在他长大的小镇上救了他的邻居。A.friends朋友；B.family家人；C.neighbors邻居；D.teachers老师。根据上文“Hehurriedtohisneighborsinthesmallsix-unitbuildingwherehelived”和“Buttonight,hehadsavedhis”可知，指Thomas救了邻居。故选C。第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Inthehustleandbustleofmodernlife—wherepeopleoftenchaseextremesuccess,argueoveropposingviews,____36____strugglewithwork-lifeimbalance—anancientChinesewisdomcalledthe“DoctrineoftheMean”(Zhongyong)offersapreciousguide.____37____(originate)fromConfucianism,thisphilosophyemphasizes“moderation,”“balance,”and“harmony,”teachingpeopletoavoidextremesandseekamiddlewayinallaspectsoflife.Contrarytothemisunderstandingthatitmeans“beingordinary”or“doingnothing,”theConfucian“Zhongyong”____38____(refer)toastateof“appropriateaction”—doingtherightthing,attherighttime,intherightway.Itwasfirst____39____(systematic)clarifiedintheConfuciancl