湖北省黄冈市2025-2026学年高三上学期1月期末考试英语试题

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1湖北省黄冈市2025-2026学年高三上学期1月期末英语试题第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AManycountriesareconsideringreducingspeedlimitsonmotorwaysandinurbanareas.FuelsavingsandreductionsinCO2emissionsarejusttwoofthereasonsfordoingso.Fuelconsumptiondecreasesthesloweryoudrive,becausethemovingcarhastoovercomefewerphysicalforcessuchasairresistanceandrollingfriction(摩擦)betweentyresandroad.Airresistanceincreaseswiththesquareofthespeed.Thismeansthatacarexperiences28%moreairresistanceataspeedof130km/hthanat110km/h.SlowerspeedisnottheonlywaytoreducetheCO2emissionsfromyourcar.Therearethreeautomotivetipstohelptheclimateelse.STREAMLINETHECAR1.Unevenness(不均匀)increasestheairresistanceofyourcar,andsoitsCO2emissions.Fouropenwindowsincreasefuelconsumptionbyupto27%.GETUPTHEGEARS(齿轮)QUICKLY2.Petrolanddiesel(柴油)carsshouldalwaysbedriveninthehighestpossiblegear:theenginethenhasasfewrevolutionsaspossible.Fuelconsumptionbetweentwogearscanvarybyupto20%.MAINTAINTYREPRESSURE3.Cartyresattherecommendedpressureensureidealdriving.Ifthetyrepressuredropsto75%pressure,fuelconsumptionincreasesby2%.Ifitdropsbyhalf,theincreaseisasmuchas10%.Here’sthebreakdownoffuelconsumptionimpactofdrivinghabitsandvehicleadjustmentsfromtheFederationofDanishMotorists(FDM).1.Whydoesdrivingatalowerspeedhelpcutfueluse?A.Itweakensthephysicalforcesthecarmustfightagainst.B.Itchangesthewayairresistanceaffectsthecar.C.Itlightenstheweightofthemovingvehicle.D.Itmakestheengineworkatahigherspeed.2.Whatwillhappenifacar’swindowsarewideopenwhiledriving?A.It’lllowerthecar’sairresistance.B.It’llreducethecar’sCO₂emissions.C.It’llleadtoasharpriseinfueluse.D.It’llmakethecarrunmoresmoothly.3.Whatisthefuel-savingeffectofreducingspeedfrom130km/hto110km/haccordingtoFDMdata?A.10%. B.16%. C.Upto20%. D.Nearly28%.BAsoneof400-plusforeignersatmyschool—Thailand,France,andbeyond—IbelongtotheInternationalDivision.Infact,mostofthestudentsonmycampusareChinese,andIinteractwiththemdailythroughsharedcourseworkandextracurricularactivities,likesportingevents,includinganannualtrackandfieldmeetandregularfootballmatches.WhileEnglishisthelanguageofinstructioninafewclasses,mostofusadvanceintohigher-levelcoursesconductedentirelyinChinese,whichisalsothelanguagewespeakincommon.Whiletheschoolhasemphasizedinternationalization,includingadmittingforeignstudentsandsustaininginternationalconnections,it’sdonesowhilepreservingChinesevaluesandacademicrigor(严谨性).Perhapscontrarytosomeinternationalperceptions,Chineseeducationhasmaturedandfollowedaprogressivecurveinitsdevelopment,findingbetterpathwaystohighperformance,creativityandinnovation,eschewingoldmodelsofrote(死记硬背)andrepetition.Consequently,whilewe’rewell-knownforourstrongexamscores,whichremainsabaselineweallstrivetosupport,weshouldalsobeknownasaschoolwherekidskeepguitarsandbasketballscloseathand,andwherestudentsformbandsandteamstoplayonandoffcampus.Aboveallweshouldbeknownasaschooldevotedtodevelopinghealthymindsandbodies,alwaysreadytocooperateandcompete.Recentlyagroupofsevenofmyfriendscamehomewithmeafterschooltohaveahomecookedmeal.Weenjoyedavarietyofdishes,piledwithfruit,cheeseandspicyThainoodles.Afterwards,Ibroughtoutabigchocolatecakeandwecovereditwithcandles,singing“HappyBirthday”formygrandmabackinAmericainfivedifferentlanguages.Hereyesbrimmedwithtearsofhappinessasshewatchedusonline.4.Whatisthecommoncommunicationlanguageamongthestudents?A.English. B.Chinese. C.Thai. D.French.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“eschewing”inparagraph2mean?A.Abandoning. B.Adopting. C.Improving. D.Exploring.6.Whatcanweinferabouttheauthor’sschoollife?A.Itprioritizesexamscores.B.Itfocusesonrotelearning.C.Itbalancesacademicsandextracurriculars.D.ItgivesupChinesevaluesforinternationalization.7.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoshowthroughthebirthdaystory?A.Onlinebirthdaycelebrationsaremoretouching.B.Home-cookedmealsarepopularamongstudents.C.Thestudentsaregoodatsingingindifferentlanguages.D.Theschool’sinternationalizationpromotescross-culturalbonds.CWeknowthatsomeanimalslivelongerthanothers,butwedonotyetfullyunderstandwhy.Researchershavepreviouslyidentifiedbrainsizeandmetabolic(新陈代谢)ratesasfactorsthatcanvarylifespan,butnowevolutionaryresearchersfromtheUK’sUniversityofBathhavefoundanotherfactor,andit’sonethatcouldbekeytounderstandingwhycatstendtolivelongerthandogs.“Ourstudyrevealsthesurprisingroleplayedbytheimmunesystem-notjustinfightingdisease,butalsoinsupportinglongevityacrossawiderangeofmammals,”saysBenjaminfromtheUniversityofBath’sCentreforEvolution.Theresearchdoesnotdismisstheotherreasons,rathersuggestinglongevityisacombinationoffactors.Theresearchersinvestigatedthemaximumlifespanof46differentmammalianspecies,comparingtheanimals’genes.Theteamstudieddolphins,whichcanliveforupto39years,andotherwhalesthatliveforupto100years,buttheyalsolookedintosmalleranimalssuchasmice,whichtypicallyliveforonlyonetotwoyears.Theresultsshowedthatcertainsmallanimalslivelongerthanexpected,suchasnakedmolerats,whichcanlive20yearsdespiteasmallsizeandbrain.Thespeciesthatlivethelongesthadmoregenesassociatedwiththeirimmunesystem,accordingtotheresearchers;theteambelievesthatastrongimmunesystemactstoeliminatedamagedcells,whilealsofightinginfectionsandpreventingdisease.Catsaregiftedwithastrongnaturalimmunitythroughadiversesetofimmune-relatedgenes,whereastheselectivebreedingofdogshasleftsomebreedswithinheritedimmunedeficiencies(缺陷).Theresearchersnowintendtolookdeeperintosignificantdifferencesinthelifespansofdifferentmammalsbyinvestigatingspecificgenesthatrelatetocancerandotherlife-shorteningdiseases.8.Howdoestheauthorpresenttheissueinthefirstparagraph?A.Byquotinganexpert. B.Bydefiningaconcept.C.Bycomparingfindings. D.Byprovidingstatistics.9.WhatdidtheUniversityofBathresearchersfocuson?A.Dailyeatinghabits. B.Livingenvironments.C.Geneticcharacteristics. D.Reproductivepatterns.10.Whydoestheauthormentionnakedmolerats?A.Tocomparetheirlifespanwiththatofmice.B.Toexplainwhysmallanimalsliveshorterlives.C.Toshownakedmoleratshavethelongestlifespan.D.Toprovesizeandbrainsizedon’tdeterminelifespan.11.Whatistheresearchers’nextplan?A.Tostudytheimmunesystemofcatsanddogs.B.Toexploregenesassociatedwithseverediseases.C.Toconfirmtheroleofmetabolicratesinlifespan.D.Toinvestigatetheeffectofbreedingonimmunity.DForthefirsttimeever,apowerfullaser(激光)beamfromEarthhasreportedlyhitatargetdeepinspace.Itcouldbethekeytolightning-fastspacecommunicationinthefuture.Imaginetryingtoaimatsomethingadistanceofastrand(股)ofhairfromadistanceof10km.That’sroughlyequivalenttowhatChineseresearchershaveachieved,usingalaserinspacetotargetadistantsatelliteorbitingtheMoon.AerospaceengineersoftheBeijing-basedAcademyofScienceshavestruckasatellitewithaninfrared(红外)laserinbroaddaylightandacrossadistanceof130,000km.ThepowerfullaserbeamhitareflectoronTiandu-1,aChineselunarnavigationandcommunicationstestsatellite,whichwaslaunchedinMarch2024:ThesignalwasreturnedtoEarthinlessthanasecond,capturedbyatelescopeinYunnaninSouth-WesternChina.Itisthefirsttimeeverthatengineershavemanagedtoaccuratelylocateandmeasureasatellitesofarawayandtodosoindaylight,whensunlightusuallyinterfereswithmeasurements.Insimilarearlierefforts,researchershadbeenabletocollectdataforonlyshortperiodsoftime.Butbydemonstratingthatthetechnologyalsoworksinsunlight,theresearchershavenowshownthatthemethodcouldenablemuchmorefrequentandaccuratemeasurementsinspace.Themethodcouldalsobeusedtorevolutionizecommunicationsinspace.CurrentlyweuseradiowavestosendmessagestoplacessuchasMars,butlaserscouldsendgreatlyincreasedquantitiesofdatainthesametime.Thetechnologycouldpavethewayforlightning-fastcontactwithfuturebasesontheMoon—andperhapsonedayonMars.StablelaserlinksinspacecanreportedlysenddatatoandfromEarthupto100timesfasterthancanradiowaves,perhapsanimportantboosttocommunicationwithfutureastronautsontheMoonandMars.12.WhatdidtheChineseresearcherssuccessfullymakethelaserbeamreach?A.Alunarbaseunderconstruction.B.AMarsexplorationspacecraft.C.Areflectivedeviceonatestsatellite.D.AgroundtelescopeinYunnan.13.WhatmakestheChineseengineers’achievementparticularlyremarkable?A.Locatingaso-distantsatellitepreciselyindaylight.B.LaunchingaMoon-orbitingsatellite130,000kmaway.C.GettingthesignalreturnedtoEarthinasecond.D.Usinganinfraredlaserforthefirsttimesuccessfully.14.Whatcanbeinferredaboutradiowavesinspacecommunication?A.TheyareunabletoreachMarsfromEarth.B.Theywillsoonbereplacedbylasertechnology.C.Theyhavelowerdatatransmissioncapacitythanlasers.D.Theyaremoreeasilyinterferedwithbysunlightthanlasers.15.Whichofthefollowingisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.AHistoricLaserStrike:TargetingtheMoonB.Tiandu-1Satellite:BridgingEarthandtheMoonC.RadioWaves:TheFutureofSpaceCommunicationD.China’sLaser:ALeapforDeep-SpaceCommunication第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。TheLastLivingMonetEverywinter,theheadgardeneratClaudeMonet’sgardeninthetinyFrenchvillageofGivernysitsdowntoapileofseedlists’fordisappointment.Avisardknowshemustgrowatleast520,000plantstorecreatethesehistoricgrounds.Buteachyearatleast10seedvarietiesheselectedthepreviousseasonwilldisappear.____16____WhenMonetmovedtoGivernyin1883,nurseries(苗圃)werecoveredwithVictorianflowers.Manyofhisfavoredvarietieshavesincegoneextinctorbeencompletelychangedaspeoplepreferbothharder(耐寒的)plantsandflowerswithever-increasingblooms.Thisseason,Avisardiscrazyaboutgrowingatallerpelargonium(天竺葵),aclumped-flower(簇状花)cousintothegeranium(老鹳草)thatMonetfamouslyplantedinseveralredandpinkbedsinfrontofhispinkhouse.“____17____”Avisardsays.“Tobringthembackwouldbearesurrection(起死回生).”Headgardenersince2016,Avisardnowleadsadozengardeners,twiceasmanyasMonetenlisted.____18____Wetterwintersfollowedbyhot,drysummersleadtoearliercrowdsofpests.Inaddition,themanagementoftouristsposesasignificantchallenge.____19____“It’scomplicated.”saysAvisard,“____20____”HeandGiverny’sgardenersseektopleaseamanthey’venevermetbycreatingaspacesoidentifiablethatitremindsstrangersofpaintingstheyseehanginginmuseumstheworldover.Asseedsdisappear,thetaskonlygetsharder.“WewantpeopletolookoutlikeMonetandseewhathesaw.”A.Youcan’tbuythemanywhere.B.Aswithfashion,people’stastesinflowerschange.C.ThetouristshavetofeelliketheyareinMonet’spaintings.D.Thesegardenersstrugglewithawildlychangingecosystem.E.Monet’sgardensymbolizesimpressionistartandnaturalbeauty.F.Hisworkincludesplanting,researchingandsourcingrareseeds.G.Nearly800,000visitorsflocktotheareaeveryyearbetweenAprilandOctober.第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Amassivestormbrokethetown’sseawalls,pouringwaterintothestreets.Thomaswatchedthewaterrisefromnothingtohisanklesinminutes.Hehurriedto____21____hisneighborsinthesmallsix-unitbuildingwherehelived.Thomasbangedonthedoorofanelderlyneighborwhowasgettingreadytoleave.Hehelpedtheoldmangetintohiscar.Thomasalsowoketwootherneighbors,whoquickly____22____intotheirowncarwiththeirpets.Soon,theyspedaway,withwateralmostreachingtheircarlights.Thomaspickeda____23____12-footpaddleboard(浆板).Heputsome____24____intoabackpack,attachedaflashlightandpaddle,thenslidupontheboard.He____25____paddledthroughthedark,floodedstreets.Whenhewastyinghisboardtoatreeindeepwater,awoman____26____tohimfromabalcony.Shepointedtoasmallapartmentacrossaflooded____27____andsaid,“Awomanistrappedthere!Willyougoand____28____her?”“Iwill,”Thomasshoutedback.He____29____hispaddleboardandwenttothebuilding.Inside,56-year-oldteacherValerieAndersonwas____30____withherbigdog.Thewaterlevelkeptrising,butAndersondidn’tdaretoescapealone.Thefastwaterandhiddenobjectsoutsidecouldmakeherslipandbecarriedaway.Thomas____31____thedoor,buttheimmenseweightofthewatermadeithardtoopen.“Gotothesidewindow!”hecalled.Andersonopenedthewindow.Thomasstruggledthroughthewatertoherroom,climbedin,andhelpedherandherdogout.Fromnearbybalconies,neighborsshoneflashlightsto____32____themtosafety.Atlast,Thomasputhispaddleboardaway.Hewasgladhehad____33____afewbeersinhisbackpackbeforeleavinghis____34____.Tomorrow,theywouldcleanup.Buttonight,hehadsavedhis____35____inthetownwherehegrewup.21.A.convince B.warn C.evaluate D.spot22.A.looked B.dipped C.piled D.dug23.A.trapped B.hidden C.delicate D.tough24.A.valuables B.instruments C.lights D.pets25.A.gently B.slightly C.deliberately D.quickly26.A.smiled B.turned C.shouted D.pointed27.A.street B.park C.balcony D.lake28.A.turndown B.checkon C.appealto D.cutoff29.A.lowered B.repaired C.untied D.expanded30.A.stuck B.occupied C.content D.bored31.A.opened B.tried C.shut D.broke32.A.follow B.protect C.pull D.guide33.A.bought B.downloaded C.generated D.stored34.A.apartment B.safety C.paddleboard D.danger35.A.friends B.family C.neighbors D.teachers第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Inthehustleandbustleofmodernlife—wherepeopleoftenchaseextremesuccess,argueoveropposingviews,____36____strugglewithwork-lifeimbalance—anancientChinesewisdomcalledthe“DoctrineoftheMean”(Zhongyong)offersapreciousguide.____37____(originate)fromConfucianism,thisphilosophyemphasizes“moderation,”“balance,”and“harmony,”teachingpeopletoavoidextremesandseekamiddlewayinallaspectsoflife.Contrarytothemisunderstandingthatitmeans“beingordinary”or“doingnothing,”theConfucian“Zhongyong”____38____(refer)toastateof“appropriateaction”—doingtherightthing,attherighttime,intherightway.Itwasfirst____39____(systematic)clarifiedintheConfucianclassicTheDoctrineoftheMean,____40____states:“Themeanisthehighestvirtue.”ForConfucians,the“mean”isnotacompromisebetweentwoextremes,butaharmoniousintegrationofdifferentelements.Today,aswefaceunprecedentedchallenges—frompersonalanxiety____41____globalconflicts—the“DoctrineoftheMean”offersatimeless____42____(solve);seekbalance,avoidextremes,andpursueharmony.Itremindsusthatthemostsustainablehappinessdoesnotcomefromextremesuccessorendlessdesire,butfromabalancedlife;the____43____(stable)relationshipsdonotcomefromblindagreementorconstantconflict,butfrommutualrespectandcompromise;themostprosperoussocietydoesnotcomefromone-sideddevelopmentorrigidrules,butfromtheharmoniouscoexistenceofdifferentelements.The“DoctrineoftheMean”ismorethanjustanancientConfucianconcept—it’salivingwisdomthatconnectstraditionalChineseculturetomodernlife.Itteachesustoslowdowninafast-pacedworld,tolisteninanoisyworld,and____44____(balance)inanextremeworld.Intheend,thesignificanceofthe“DoctrineoftheMean”inmodernsocietyliesinitsabilitytohelpusfindpeacewithin____45____(we),buildharmoniousrelationships,andcreateabetterworldforeveryone.第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.假定你是李华，请给外教Susan写一封邮件，邀请她参加学校举办的试验田劳作活动。内容包括：(1)活动安排；(2)提出邀请。注意：(1)写作词数应为80个左右；(2)请按如下格式作答。DearSusan,___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua第二节(满分25分)47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Threemonthsaftermovingintotheoldcommunity,I’donlymetGrandmaChennextdooronce.Thatday,Iwascarryingexpressboxesupstairswhensheslowlycamedown,holdingthehandrail(楼梯扶手).Shegavemeanoil-paperwrappedcandy:“Youngman,takecare—thesestairsareslippery.”Ithankedherquicklyandhurriedon.Herdoorwasalwayspiledhighwithjunk,andthepottedplantsonherwindowsill(窗台)werewilted(枯萎的),givingoffalonely,coldatmosphere.Thechangehappenedonarainynight.Iworkedovertimelateandrushedintothecorridorwithmyelectricbike,onlytoseeGrandmaChensquatting(蹲着)atmydoor,soakedthrough,clu