湖北省荆门市等4地2024-2025学年高二上学期1月期末考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1湖北省荆门市等4地2024-2025学年高二上学期1月期末英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每个题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AAsnightsfallandthecoldclosesinontheNorthernHemisphere,onecaneitherescapesouthorwrapupwarmforwinterfun.Herearefourwintertraveldestinations,eachofferinguniqueactivities.1.EdinburghTheScottishcapitalischeerfulonChristmasandNewYear’sEve.Daysmaybedarker,butEdinburghisbrightwithfairylightsandaseriesofeye-wideningdisplays.TheGerman-styleChristmasMarketislinedwithstandssellingfestivegoodspluscarefreeridesinSantaLand.2.CubaCuba’scolorfulstreetsaredreamyinDecember.Themonthmarksthebeginningofthedryseason,meaningreliablywarmdaysandscarcerain,idealforsun-bathedsouthcoastbeaches.HikethehillsandwatchseasonalbirdsastheyheadtoCuba’swetlandsandforests.3.FinnishLaplandStaycoolinanicehotel,likeArcticSnowHotel,whichisrebuiltbyhandeverywinter.Adrenaline(肾上腺素)levelscanberaisedbysnowmobiling,cross-countryskiing,orArcticswimming.DecemberisalsoaprimemonthfortheNorthernLights.VisitbeforeChristmasforaspecialmeetingwithSanta.Shopforsouvenirsmadefromlocalmaterialslikereindeerleather.4.AustriaEarlyDecemberisthestartofEurope’sskiseason,butthemasseswon’tarriveuntilthemiddleofthemonth.Austriaissnow-surecomparedtosurroundingcountries,andyoucanbesureoffreshpowderathigherpeaks.Andifsnowypeaksaren’tscenicenough,lightsandseasonalChristmasmarketsgiveAustriathefestivefeeling.1.Whichdestinationappealstothoseenjoyingwarmsunshinebytheseaside?A.Edinburgh.B.Cuba.C.FinnishLapland.D.Austria.2.WhatcantouristsdoinFinnishLapland?A.Buildanicehotelbyhand. B.BuysouvenirsmadebySanta.C.WatchtheNorthernlightsatanytime.D.Enjoyadventurousoutdooractivities.3.WhatmakesAustriaagoodchoiceforskiingcomparedtoneighbouringcountries?A.Anearlierskiseason. B.Thebeautifulscenery.C.Reliablesnowconditions. D.Toweringsnowypeaks.【答案】1.B2.D3.C【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四个冬季旅游目的地及其特色活动。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Themonthmarksthebeginningofthedryseason,meaningreliablywarmdaysandscarcerain,idealforsun-bathedsouthcoastbeaches.

(这个月标志着旱季的开始，意味着天气持续温暖而降雨稀少，非常适合享受阳光沐浴的南海岸海滩)”可知，Cuba的12月非常适合享受阳光充足的南海岸海滩。因此，享受海边温暖阳光的人会选择Cuba作为目的地。故选B。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Adrenaline(肾上腺素)levelscanberaisedbysnowmobiling,cross-countryskiing,orArcticswimming.(肾上腺素水平可以通过驾雪地摩托、越野滑雪或进行北极游泳来提升)”可知，在FinnishLapland，游客可以体验冒险的户外活动。故选D。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据第五段中“Austriaissnow-surecomparedtosurroundingcountries,andyoucanbesureoffreshpowderathigherpeaks.(与周边国家相比，奥地利的降雪有保障，你可以在更高的山峰上确定能看到新鲜的雪粉)”可知，奥地利相比邻国来说是一个滑雪的好选择，因为其降雪条件可靠。故选C。BAlthoughIhavebeenunconsciouslycollectingstoriesaboutmyfamilyeversinceIwasborn,itwasonlythissummerthatIdecidedtostartreachingoutformorestories.Inafamilywedding,seeingsomanyextendedfamilymembersandputtingfacestostories,Ifoundmyselfgraspingateveryinformationwhilelistening.IwantedtofindstoriesIhadn’tbeentoldbeforetopiecetogetherfrequentlyrepeatedones.Butrecordingstoriesisnotanorganizedprocess,especiallysincethesestoriescancomeoutofnowhere.Familystoriesareeverywhere,yettherearestillsomanygaps.Howcanyoucreateatimelinewhenyouaregivenonlyflashingimagesofunfamiliarclassrooms,thewoods,andfar-offadventures?Later,Irealizethatfamilystoriesarenotlinear(线性的).Rather,theyareacollectionofmemoriesandmomentsthatIambuildingupontoformabetterideaofwhoIamandwhereIcamefrom.WheneverIspeaktomygrandparentsabouttheirpasts—storiesofhardship,tolerance,andsuccess—Iamalwaysamazedatthequalitiesandspiritstheyexhibited.Somearepersonaldetails,whichnotonlygivemeinsightintowhatlifewaslikebackthen,butfurtherexposemetothedifferentcultureswhereIhavegrownup.Then,therearehistoricalpiecessuchasmygrandmother’smemorable13thbirthdaywhenshelearnedabouttheoutbreakofWorldWarIIontheradio.Theyareuniquetomyfamilybutshapedbythebroaderhistoricalcontext.Thereisnoenddateforthisproject,andatsomepointIwillcontributemyown.Mine—gatheredfrompapernotes,Face-timecallsandletters—growlongerwitheachaddition.Documentingstoriesishonoringfamilytraditions,preservingworldhistory,andpayingrespecttothosewhoshapedyou.Forme,thecollectionhasdevelopedmyawarenessofmyidentityandtheworldaroundme.Itismyresponsibilitytoensurethatmyfamilystoriesarenotlosttotime.4.Whatdidtheauthordoafterattendingthewedding?A.Hecollectedstoriesactively. B.Hewaitedforstoriestoappear.C.Heputfacestostoriesheheard. D.Hereachedoutforstoriestoldbefore.5.Whatmakesrecordingfamilystorieschallenging?A.Theyhavefewgaps. B.Theycomeintimeorder.C.Theyappearunexpectedly. D.Theyincludelifeimages.6.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofhisgrandparents’stories?A.Theyarecenteredonhardships. B.Theyarepurelypersonaldetails.C.Theyleavehimdeeplysorrowful. D.Theyhelphimunderstandthepast.7.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkabout?A.Theprocessoffindingstories.B.Thenecessityofaddingstories.C.Themethodofcollectingstories.D.Thesignificanceofrecordingstories.【答案】4.A5.C6.D7.D【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了自己收集家族故事的经历，包括参加婚礼后开始积极收集故事，记录故事过程中遇到的挑战，对祖父母故事的看法，以及记录家族故事的重要意义。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“itwasonlythissummerthatIdecidedtostartreachingoutformorestories.Inafamilywedding,seeingsomanyextendedfamilymembersandputtingfacestostories,Ifoundmyselfgraspingateveryinformationwhilelistening(直到今年夏天，我才决定开始寻找更多的故事。在一场家庭婚礼上，看到这么多的亲戚，把故事中的人物和现实中的面孔对应起来，我发现自己在听的时候会抓住每一个信息)”可知，参加婚礼后作者决定开始主动收集更多故事，听故事时不放过任何信息，所以是积极收集故事。故选A项。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Butrecordingstoriesisnotanorganizedprocess,especiallysincethesestoriescancomeoutofnowhere(但记录故事并不是一个有条理的过程，尤其是因为这些故事可能会毫无征兆地出现)”可知，故事出现得毫无预兆，这使得记录故事很有挑战性。故选C项。【6题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“WheneverIspeaktomygrandparentsabouttheirpasts—storiesofhardship,tolerance,andsuccess—Iamalwaysamazedatthequalitiesandspiritstheyexhibited.Somearepersonaldetails,whichnotonlygivemeinsightintowhatlifewaslikebackthen,butfurtherexposemetothedifferentcultureswhereIhavegrownup.(每当我和祖父母谈及他们的过去——那些充满艰难困苦、宽容忍耐和成功的故事时，我总是对他们展现出的品质和精神惊叹不已。其中一些故事是个人细节，它们不仅让我了解到当时的生活是什么样的，而且让我进一步接触到我成长的不同文化)”可知，这些故事帮助作者了解过去。故选D项。【7题详析】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Documentingstoriesishonoringfamilytraditions,preservingworldhistory,andpayingrespecttothosewhoshapedyou.Forme,thecollectionhasdevelopedmyawarenessofmyidentityandtheworldaroundme(记录故事就是尊重家庭传统、保存世界历史以及向塑造了你的人致敬。对我来说，收集（这些故事）培养了我对自身身份和周围世界的认知)”可知，此段主要讲记录故事的意义。故选D项。CSisyphus,awell-knownkinginGreekmythology,wassentencedtoforeversufferingintheunderworldbytheangrygods:hehadtorollahugerockupahill.Whenhereachedthetop,thestonewouldrollbackdowntothebottom,andhewouldhavetostartallover,onandon,forever.Nowadays,anytaskcombiningboredom,struggle,stress,andfutility(无意义)mightbelabeled“Sisyphean”.OnecouldevenarguethatalloflifeisSisyphean:weeatjusttogethungryagain,andshowerjusttogetdirtyagain,dayafterday,untiltheend.Absurd(荒谬的),isn’tit?AlbertCamus,thephilosopherandFatherofAbsurdismthinksso.InhisbookTheMythofSisyphus,CamusselectsSisyphusasarepresentativeoftheabsurd.AndyetCamusconcludes,“OnemustimagineSisyphushappy,becausethestruggleitselftowardstheheightsisenoughtofillaman’sheart.”Thismayseemimpossible,butthisunexpectedinsightinCamus’philosophyoflifeandhappinesscanhelpyouchangeyourperspectiveandseeyourdailystrugglesinanewway.Insteadoffeelingdesperationatthefutilityoflife,Camustellsustoconsciouslyacceptitsridiculousnessastheonlywaytoarriveathappiness.Infact,eachofuscancarryoutCamus’absurdismwithmindfulnessinordertoliveahappylife.Whenthebroadsweepoflifebringsyouhorror,justconcentrateonthismoment,andenjoyit.Thepleasureandmeaningyoucanfindrightnowarereal;themeaninglessnessofthefutureisnot.Onmybaddays,Iwakeupseeingonlyrocksandcan’tfacepushingthemonceagainupthathill.ThosearethedayswhenmyoldfriendCamuscomesinhandy.Ratherthanfeelingdespairingoftheabsurdityoflife,Idiveintoit,laughatit,andstartmydayinalightmood.ThenIgathermybelovedrocksandsetoutforthenearesthill.8.WhatpunishmentdidSisyphusreceive?A.Hehadtoclimbupanddownahill.B.Hehadtomoveastoneupahillrepeatedly.C.Hewassentencedtolivingintheunderworld.D.Hewasstoppedfromreachingthetopofahill.9.WhydoesCamusthinkSisyphusishappy?A.Hehasenoughsuffering.B.Hecankeephimselfengaged.C.Heisselectedasarepresentative.D.Hecanalwaysstartoverhiswork.10.WhatwillyoudoinatrafficjamaccordingtoCamus’philosophy?A.Enjoymusicinthecar.B.Flashheadlightsrepeatedly.C.Complainofthebusytraffic.D.Regretchoosingthewrongroute.11.Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?A.AvoidingaSisypheanLife B.ExploringCamus’PhilosophyC.FindingJoyinRidiculousness D.AcceptingHappinessConsciously【答案】8.B9.B10.A11.C【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了加缪的荒诞主义哲学，通过希腊神话中西西弗斯的故事，阐述了在看似无意义的生活中找到幸福的方法。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Sisyphus,awell-knownkinginGreekmythology,wassentencedtoforeversufferingintheunderworldbytheangrygods:hehadtorollahugerockupahill.Whenhereachedthetop,thestonewouldrollbackdowntothebottom,andhewouldhavetostartallover,onandon,forever.(西西弗斯，希腊神话中一位著名的国王，被愤怒的神灵判处永远在地狱受苦：他必须把一块巨大的石头滚上山。当他到达山顶时，石头会滚回山底，他必须一遍又一遍地重新开始，永远如此)”可知，西西弗斯受到的惩罚是反复把一块石头推上山。故选B项。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“AndyetCamusconcludes,‘OnemustimagineSisyphushappy,becausethestruggleitselftowardstheheightsisenoughtofillaman’sheart.’(然而，加缪总结道：‘人们必须想象西西弗斯是幸福的，因为向高处奋斗的过程本身就足以填满一个人的心。’)”可知，加缪认为西西弗斯是幸福的，因为他能让自己一直忙于向高处推石头的过程，这一奋斗过程本身就足以填满一个人的心。故选B项。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段中“Whenthebroadsweepoflifebringsyouhorror,justconcentrateonthismoment,andenjoyit.Thepleasureandmeaningyoucanfindrightnowarereal;themeaninglessnessofthefutureisnot.(当生活的广阔带给你恐惧时，就专注于这一刻，并享受它。你现在能找到的快乐和意义是真实的；未来的无意义不是)”可知，根据加缪的哲学，要专注于这一刻，并享受现在。由此推知，当遇到交通堵塞时，应该专注于当下，并享受它，比如享受车里的音乐。故选A项。【11题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第二段中“Thismayseemimpossible,butthisunexpectedinsightinCamus’philosophyoflifeandhappinesscanhelpyouchangeyourperspectiveandseeyourdailystrugglesinanewway.Insteadoffeelingdesperationatthefutilityoflife,Camustellsustoconsciouslyacceptitsridiculousnessastheonlywaytoarriveathappiness.(这似乎是不可能的，但加缪关于生活和幸福的哲学中的这一意外见解可以帮助你改变你的观点，并以一种新的方式看待你日常的挣扎。加缪告诉我们，不要对生活的无意义感到绝望，而是要有意识地接受它的荒谬，这是到达幸福的唯一途径)”可知，本文主要讲述了加缪的荒诞主义哲学，告诉我们在看似荒谬的生活中找到快乐的方法。由此可知，C项“FindingJoyinRidiculousness(在荒谬中找到快乐)”是荒诞主义哲学的核心，最适合作文章标题。故选C项。DClimatechangeismakingflightsrougher,meaningyourplaneridewillhavemorerockyconditions.Accordingtoa2024study,theaircraftjoltcausedbyturbulence(湍流)insomelocationsincreasedbyasmuchas55percentfrom1979to2020.Thegoodnewsis,accordingtoSwanseaUniversityexperts,thatbirds’perceptionofthewindmaybeusefulinforecastingturbulence.Birdsfrequentlyflyoverthousandsofkilometers,andtheamountofenergytheymustconsumewhiletravelingdependsonwinddirection,speed,andturbulence.Catchingthewrongwindscanalsobethedifferencebetweenlifeanddeathwhenyou’rerunninglowonsuppliesattheendofalife-changingjourneyhalfwayaroundtheglobe.Somespeciesreachveryhighaltitudes,althoughmostdon’tflyalongsidecommercialjets.EmilyShepard,anexpertinbirdflightandairflowandhercolleaguesatSwanseaUniversity’sLaboratoryforAnimalMovementhopeto“visualizetheinvisible”andchartthemovementsoftheairbyexamininghowthesebirdsreacttoturbulence.Shepard’steamflewanaircraftalongsideagroupofhomingpigeonsfrom2018to2019.Theyrecordedtheturbulencelevelsduringthebirds’flightsbacktotheirnestsusingGPSandaccelerationdatarecordersfixedtothebirds—atotalof88flights.Theteamflewinarangeofweathersituations,includingearlymornings,laterintheday,andseveralseasons.Expertssaidbirdsmightserveasmobilemeteorological(气象学的)sensors,gatheringinformationaboutanydisturbancetheyencounterastheyfly.Notonlycanbirdsflyinconditionsthatplanescannot,Shepardcontinues,butthiswouldalsobelessexpensivethanemployingsensorsfixedtoaircraft.Thisknowledgeiscriticaltotheairlinebusinessandweatherscienceatlargebecauseitenablesmeteorologistsandpilotstoforecastandmanageturbulencemoreeffectively.Whilecertainpotentialsexistformodernaircrafttechnologiestodetectandavoidturbulence,researchonanimalbehaviorintheairmayofferafreshandmoreinsightfulmethodofcomprehendingthisphenomenon.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“jolt”inparagraph1mean?A.Flight.B.Acceleration.C.Movement.D.Roughness.13.Whyisitimportantforbirdstoperceivethewind?A.Toconserveenergy.B.Tofinddirection.C.Tofindenoughsupplies.D.Toreachhighaltitudes.14.WhatisthepurposeofthestudyconductedbyShepard’steam?A.Todrawbirds’flyingpatterns.B.Toimprovetheaircraftdesign.C.Topredictturbulenceeffectively.D.Toanalyzebirds’reactionstoturbulence.15.Howmightbirdscontributetometeorologyandairtravel?A.Byavoidingturbulenceduringflights.B.Byservingaseconomicalmobilesensors.C.Byreducingtheneedforweatheraircraft.D.Bypredictingweatherpatternsontheirown.【答案】12.D13.A14.C15.B【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了气候变化使飞行更颠簸，研究发现鸟类对风的感知或有助于预测湍流。【12题详析】词句猜测题。划线词的上文“Climatechangeismakingflightsrougher,meaningyourplaneridewillhavemorerockyconditions.(气候变化使飞行变得更加艰难，这意味着你的飞行环境将更加颠簸)”提到气候变化导致飞行环境更加颠簸，再结合划线词的下文“causedbyturbulence(湍流)insomelocations(由某些地方的湍流引起)”可推知，飞机会因湍流而产生颠簸，划线词jolt意思应该是“颠簸，不平稳”，与Roughness意思相近。故选D项。【13题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Birdsfrequentlyflyoverthousandsofkilometers,andtheamountofenergytheymustconsumewhiletravelingdependsonwinddirection,speed,andturbulence.Catchingthewrongwindscanalsobethedifferencebetweenlifeanddeathwhenyou’rerunninglowonsuppliesattheendofalife-changingjourneyhalfwayaroundtheglobe.(鸟类经常飞行数千公里，它们在飞行过程中必须消耗的能量取决于风向、速度和湍流。当你在环绕地球半圈的、改变生命轨迹的旅程接近尾声，物资所剩无几时，遇上不利的风也可能关乎生死)”可知，选择错误的风向可能会消耗大量能量，导致生死攸关的后果，尤其是在长途飞行中。因此，鸟类感知风的主要目的是为了节省能量。故选A项。【14题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Thegoodnewsis,accordingtoSwanseaUniversityexperts,thatbirds’perceptionofthewindmaybeusefulinforecastingturbulence.(好消息是，据斯旺西大学的专家称，鸟类对风的感知可能有助于预测湍流)”和第三段“EmilyShepard,anexpertinbirdflightandairflowandhercolleaguesatSwanseaUniversity’sLaboratoryforAnimalMovementhopeto“visualizetheinvisible”andchartthemovementsoftheairbyexamininghowthesebirdsreacttoturbulence.(EmilyShepard是斯旺西大学动物运动实验室的鸟类飞行和气流专家，她和她的同事们希望通过研究这些鸟类对湍流的反应来‘可视化看不见的东西’，并绘制空气运动的图表)”可知，该研究团队的目的是根据鸟类对湍流的反应描绘出湍流的情况，从而更有效地预测湍流。故选C项。【15题详析】细节理解题。根据第五段中“Expertssaidbirdsmightserveasmobilemeteorological(气象学的)sensors,gatheringinformationaboutanydisturbancetheyencounterastheyfly.Notonlycanbirdsflyinconditionsthatplanescannot,Shepardcontinues,butthiswouldalsobelessexpensivethanemployingsensorsfixedtoaircraft.(专家说，鸟类可以充当移动的气象传感器，收集它们在飞行过程中遇到的任何干扰的信息。Shepard继续说，鸟类不仅可以在飞机无法飞行的条件下飞行，而且这比在飞机上安装传感器更便宜)”可知，鸟类在气象学和航空旅行中的贡献主要是作为经济的移动传感器。故选B项。第二节（共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。Imaginethatyouarefeelingdownandinadequate.Someonewholovesyouwantstohelpbysayingsomethingreallycomforting.Howabout“You’reperfectjustthewayyouare”?Thatsoundsnice!___16___Thetruthisthatyouarenotperfect,andneitherisanyoneelse.Wehumanshaveanaturaltendencytooverstateourpositivequalities,andcompareourselvesfavorablywithothers.___17___Anditgivesrisetoallsortsofmisrepresentationsinhowweseeourselvesandtheworldaroundus.Forexample,backinthe1980s,researchersshowedthatupto80percentofmotoristsconsideredthemselvestohaveabove-averagedrivingskills.___18___Itactsasshelterfromthementalpainthatcomesfromnegativecomparisonswithothers.Beingtoldthatyou’rewonderful,evenperfect,meetsyourneedofself-enhancement.Althoughself-enhancementfeelsgoodintheshortterm,itisnotalong-termsolutiontolife’sproblems.Forinstance,researchersshowedthatwhencollegestudentsheldanoverestimatedviewoftheirownacademicability,itenhancedtheirmoodandpositiveemotion.___19___Infact,thestudentstendedtofailattheiracademicexpectations,andthatinpartledtolowerself-respectoverthelongterm.Sowefaceadilemmainlife:wewanttofeelbetterandmakeothersfeelbetter,butpeople’stendencytodosothroughself-enhancementisashort-livedsolutionwithpossiblyenduringultimatecosts.Abetterapproachmightbetoreconsiderourimperfections,andthoseofothers,notasshortcomingsbutasinterestingchallengestoovercome.___20___A.Ithelpsustoavoidnegativefeedback.B.Thisiswhatwecallself-enhancement.C.Onereasonforthistendencyisitsprotectivefunction.D.Beingtoldyou’reperfectcanmakeyoufeelgoodtemporarily.E.Afterall,ifyou’realreadyperfect,whatistherelefttofightfor?F.This,however,maybethemostmisleadingthingthatpeopletellus.G.Buttheoverestimationdidnottranslateintobetteracademicperformance.【答案】16.F17.B18.C19.G20.E【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了人们倾向于高估自己的积极品质，即自我提升的现象，以及这种现象虽然短期内让人感觉良好，但并非解决问题的长久之计，更好的方法是正视自己和他人的不完美，将其视为有待克服的有趣挑战。【16题详析】上文“Howabout‘You’reperfectjustthewayyouare’?Thatsoundsnice!(‘你就是现在的你，已经很完美了’这句话怎么样?听起来不错!)”提出了一句听起来很不错的安慰话，F选项“This,however,maybethemostmisleadingthingthatpeopletellus.(然而，这可能是人们告诉我们的最误导人的话)”与上文构成转折关系，指出这句话可能是最误导人的，引出下文对“没有人是完美的”这一事实的讨论，上下文语意衔接自然。故选F项。【17题详析】上文“Wehumanshaveanaturaltendencytooverstateourpositivequalities,andcompareourselvesfavorablywithothers.(我们人类有一种天生的倾向，那就是夸大自己的积极品质，并把自己和别人有利地比较)”描述了人类的一种自然倾向，B选项“Thisiswhatwecallself-enhancement.(这就是我们所说的自我提升)”对上文进行总结，指出这种倾向就是“自我提升”，下文“Anditgivesrisetoallsortsofmisrepresentationsinhowweseeourselvesandtheworldaroundus.(它导致了我们在看待自己和周围世界时的各种歪曲)”中的指示代词“it”指代“self-enhancement”。故选B项。【18题详析】下文“Itactsasshelterfromthementalpainthatcomesfromnegativecomparisonswithothers.(它就像是一个避风港，让我们免受与他人负面比较所带来的精神痛苦)”指出某种东西可以保护我们免受精神痛苦，C选项“Onereasonforthistendencyisitsprotectivefunction.(这种倾向的一个原因是它的保护功能)”中的“protectivefunction”与下文“shelterfromthementalpain”相对应，说明自我提升具有保护功能，可以让我们免受精神痛苦。故选C项。【19题详析】上文“Forinstance,researchersshowedthatwhencollegestudentsheldanoverestimatedviewoftheirownacademicability,itenhancedtheirmoodandpositiveemotion.(例如，研究人员发现，当大学生对自己的学术能力持有过高评价时，他们的情绪和积极情绪会得到增强)”举例说明自我提升在短期内让人感觉良好，G选项“Buttheoverestimationdidnottranslateintobetteracademicperformance.(但这种高估并没有转化为更好的学术表现)”与上文构成转折关系，指出自我提升并不能带来更好的学术表现，引出下文对学生未能达到学术期望的讨论。故选G项。【20题详析】上文“Abetterapproachmightbetoreconsiderourimperfections,andthoseofothers,notasshortcomingsbutasinterestingchallengestoovercome.(一个更好的方法可能是重新审视我们自己和他人的不完美，不是把它们当作缺点，而是当作有待克服的有趣挑战)”提出了一种更好的方法，即正视不完美并将其视为挑战，E选项“Afterall,ifyou’realreadyperfect,whatistherelefttofightfor?(毕竟，如果你已经完美了，还有什么值得去争取的呢?)”进一步说明如果已经完美了，就失去了奋斗的动力，强调了正视不完美的重要性，与上文观点相呼应。故选E项。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。AfterabagofpresentsfelloutofSanta’ssleigh(雪橇),cleanerssavedtheday.LastChristmasEve,KaneandRamey,twohighwayworkers___21___abrokenbag.Insideweretennisshoesandtoys,___22___outofthebrokengiftwrapper.KaneandRameybroughtthebagtoheadquarters,butnobodyhad___23___giftsmissing.TheymadeaFacebookpost,hopingitwould___24___infrontoftherighteyessoon.Afterall,Christmasmorningwasonlyone___25___away.Tenhourslater,Kaneendedhis___26___fortheday,andstillnothing.HetoldthenightcrewVoieaboutitandthatsomeonemight___27___.Anyclaimscouldbe___28___viathenamesonthegiftcard.Moreworkers,investedingettingthesegiftshome,joinedintrackingdowntheir___29___.Luckily,around9p.m.,VoiegotacallfromDavidCarlile,who____30____havinglostabag.Asitturnedout,Carlilewasonthewaytovisithis____31____whenthebagdroppedout.He’dspentmostofChristmasEve____32____tryingtoreplacethemissingpresents.NowCarlilehappilydrovebacktore-wrapthe____33____beforehisgrandchildrenwokeup.“Workingonholidaynightsandhavingtomissoutonthefestivalarereally____34____,”saysVoie.“Butbeingabletomakesomeone’sChristmasbetter,Iwaspretty____35____.”21.A.lost B.received C.returned D.spotted22.A.running B.spilling C.flowing D.jumping23.A.found B.considered C.reported D.seen24.A.stop B.land C.spread D.rise25.A.sleep B.mile C.block D.step26.A.mission B.career C.post D.shift27.A.turnaround B.callin C.giveup D.breakdown28.A.confirmed B.denied C.submitted D.rejected29.A.bosses B.customers C.owners D.inventors30.A.suggested B.claimed C.regretted D.remembered31.A.friends B.colleagues C.parents D.grandchildren32.A.desperately B.deliberately C.sincerely D.happily33.A.cards B.bags C.items D.letters34.A.amazing B.hopeless C.ideal D.hard35.A.skillful B.confident C.proud D.smart【答案】21.D22.B23.C24.B25.A26.D27.B28.A29.C30.B31.D32.A33.C34.D35.C【语篇导读】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了清洁工凯恩和雷米发现了一个破损的袋子，里面是圣诞节礼物，最终他们接到了大卫·卡莱尔的电话，挽救了局面。【21题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：去年平安夜，两名公路工人凯恩和雷米发现了一个破损的袋子。A.lost丢失；B.received收到；C.returned返回；D.spotted发现。根据后文“abrokenbag”指两人平安夜发现了破损的袋子。故选D。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：里面是网球鞋和玩具，从破损的礼品包装纸里掉了出来。A.running奔跑；B.spilling洒出，掉落；C.flowing流动；D.jumping跳跃。根据后文“outofthebrokengiftwrapper”指网球鞋和玩具从破损的礼品包装纸里掉了出来，应用spill。故选B。【23题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：凯恩和雷米把袋子带到了总部，但是没有人报告丢失了礼物。A.found发现；B.considered考虑；C.reported报告；D.seen看见。根据上文“KaneandRameybroughtthebagtoheadquarters,butnobodyhad”可知，他们把袋子拿到总部想找失主，结果没有人报告丢失了礼物。故选C。【24题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们在Facebook上发了一个帖子，希望它能很快出现在人们的眼前。A.stop停止；B.land降落，突然出现；C.spread传播；D.rise上升。根据后文“infrontoftherighteyessoon”指帖子出现在人们眼前，应用land。故选B。【25题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：毕竟，离圣诞节的早晨只有一晚了。A.sleep睡眠时间；B.mile英里；C.block街区；D.step脚步。根据上文“LastChristmasEve”以及“Afterall,Christmasmorningwasonlyone”可知，平安夜捡到的，第二天早上就是圣诞节，即只差一个睡眠时间。故选A。【26题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：十个小时后，凯恩下班了，还是一无所获。A.mission任务；B.career事业；C.post帖子；D.shift轮班工作时间，转换。根据上文“AfterabagofpresentsfelloutofSanta’ssleigh,cleanerssavedtheday.(一袋礼物从圣诞老人的雪橇上掉下来后，清洁工救了局面)”可知，凯恩是清洁工，所以指他轮班工作时间结束，故选D。【27题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他把这件事告诉了夜班工作人员Voie，说可能会有人打电话来。A.turnaround转身；B.callin打电话；C.giveup放弃；D.breakdown出故障。根据上文“HetoldthenightcrewVoieaboutitandthatsomeonemight”可知，他认为失主可能会打电话进来。故选B。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：任何认领都可以通过礼品卡上的名字来确认。A.confirmed确认；B.denied否认；C.submitted提交；D.rejected拒绝。根据后文“viathenamesonthegiftcard”可知，认领人的身份可以通过礼品卡上的名字确认。故选A。【29题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了把这些礼物送回家，更多的工人加入了寻找这些礼物的主人的行列。A.bosses老板；B.customers顾客；C.owners主人；D.inventors发明者。根据上文“gettingthesegiftshome,joinedintrackingdowntheir”为了送礼物回家，大家都在寻找礼物的主人。故选C。【30题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，晚上9点左右，Voie接到了大卫·卡莱尔的电话，他声称自己丢了一个包。A.suggested建议；B.claimed声称；C.regretted后悔；D.remembered记得。根据后文“havinglostabag”可知，大卫·卡莱尔声称自己丢了一个包。呼应上文“Anyclaimscouldbe...”。故选B。【31题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实证明，卡莱尔是在去看望他的孙子们的路上，礼品掉了出来。A.friends朋友；B.colleagues同事；C.parents父母；D.grandchildren孙子孙女。根据后文“beforehisgrandchildrenwokeup”可知是在去看望孙子孙女的路上弄丢了礼物。故选D。【32题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：平安夜的大部分时间里，他都在拼命地寻找那些丢失的礼物。A.desperately拼命地；B.deliberately故意地；C.sincerely真诚地；D.happily快乐地。根据上文“He’dspentmostofChristmasEve”可知，平安夜拼命寻找丢失的礼物。故选A。【33题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，卡莱尔高兴地开车回去，赶在孙子们醒来之前把这些东西重新包装好。A.cards卡片；B.bags包；C.items物品；D.letters信。根据上文“NowCarlilehappilydrovebacktore-wrapthe”以及“outofthebrokengiftwrapper”可知，礼物的包装破了，要重新包装这些东西。故选C。【34题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“在节假日晚上工作，不得不错过节日真的很难受，”沃伊说。A.amazing惊人的；B.hopeless绝望的；C.ideal理想的；D.hard难受的。根据上文“Workingonholidaynightsandhavingtomissoutonthefestivalarereally”可知，在节假日晚上工作，不得不错过节日真的很难受。故选D。【35题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“但是能够让别人的圣诞节过得更好，我很自豪。”A.skillful熟练的；B.confident自信的；C.proud骄傲的；D.smart聪明的。根据上文“beingabletomakesomeone’sChristmasbetter”可知，他为让别人的圣诞节过得更好而感到骄傲。故选C。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ChineseinfluencerLiziqimadeacomebackwithherlatestvideoonlacquerware(漆器),raisingpublicinterestinrawlacquer(漆)anditscraft.Alsocalled“NationalLacquer”or“GreatLacquer”,rawlacquerisanaturalmaterialcollected___36___lacquertrees.Resistanttoacidsandheat,itisapopularformof___37___(decorate)andaprotectivecoveringinancientChina,which___38___(use)tocolourandbeautifyfurniture,bowls,andmusicalinstruments.Lacquertreesareprimarilyfoundinthesouthernregions,fromsouthernGansutoShandongprovinces,___39___theenvironmentalconditionsfavortheirgrowth.Thetreesmustmatureforatleasteightyears___40___theirsap(树液)canbeharvested.Inthevideo,Lidemonstrates___41___processofmakingwardrobedoorsusingthelacquerwaretechniques.___42___(consist)ofover70steps,thecreationprocesswasbothcomplexandlaborious.IttookLithreemonthstofinishthelacquereditem,duringwhichsheclimbedwoodenladders___43___(harvest)sapfromlacquertreesandenduredsevereallergicreactions,leavingherskin___44___(swell).Liziqi’sreturnnotonlyrevivesthebeautyoflacquerartistrybutalsoshineslightonanancientmaterial’sroleinmoderncraftsmanshipand____45____(globe)trade.【答案】36.from37.decoration38.wasused39.where40.before41.the42.Consisting43.toharvest44.swollen45.global【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国网红李子柒带着她最新的漆器视频回归，引发了公众对原生漆及其工艺的兴趣，并介绍了原生漆的相关知识及李子柒制作漆器的过程。【36题详析】考查介词。句意：原生漆也被称为“国漆”或“大漆”，是一种从漆树上采集的天然材料。根据句意，表示“从……上采集”可知，应用介词from构成介词短语作状语，其意为“来自……”。故填from。【37题详析】考查名词。句意：它耐酸、耐热，在中国古代是一种流行的装饰形式和保护涂层，用来给家具、碗和乐器上色和美化。提示词作介词宾语，用名词decoration，意为