湖南省长沙市某中学2024-2025学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1湖南省长沙市某中学2024-2025学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ACallforSubmissions:EnglishCollagePoetry(英文拼贴诗)DearPoetryEnthusiasts,WearethrilledtoannounceanopencallforsubmissionsforourupcomingEnglishCollagePoetrycollection.Collagepoetryisaformofpoetrythatcombineswords,phrases,andimagesfromvarioussourcestocreateanewpiece.It’sachancetoplaywithlanguage,toexploredifferentstylesandthemes,andtoexplorethemeaningofpoetrythroughtherearrangementofelements.Thisprojectaimstocelebratethecreativityanddiversityofvoices.Collagepoetryisnotjustaboutassembling(组装)fragmentsbutalsoaboutexploringthemes,sparkingimagination,andexpressingindividuality.Italsoencouragescriticalthinking,aspoetsselectandinterpretmaterials.ForChinesehighschoolstudents,itoffersauniquewaytoengagewithEnglishlanguageandliterature,providingacreativeplatformtoexpressideaswhilepractisingyourlanguageskills.Ifyouhaveapassionforwordsandaninterestinarrangingtheminuniqueandinterestingways,thisisanopportunityforyou!SubmissionGuidelines：·Quality:Yoursubmissionmustbeanoriginalwork.·Content:Wewelcomecollagepoetrythatexploreanythemeorsubjectmatter.·Format:YourpoemsshouldbepresentedonapieceofA4paper.·Length:Thereisnostrictlimitonthelengthofyourpoem.·Style:Feelfreetoexperimentwithdifferentfonts(字体),layouts(布局),andotherelements.·Deadlineforsubmissions:December31st,2024.·Wayofsubmissions:SubmittoyourEnglishteacherandfillintheonlineform.1.Whatisspecialaboutcollagepoetry?A.Itfollowsstrictrhymingpatterns. B.Itrearrangeswordsandimagescreatively.C.Itiswrittenintheformofauniquefont. D.Itfocusesononesinglethemeeachtime.2.WhatistheprimarypurposeoftheCollagePoetryproject?A.TointroducetraditionalEnglishpoeticforms. B.Toengagestudentsintheworldoffantasy.C.Toencouragecreativityandvariousideas. D.Todiscusstheskillsoftraditionalpoems.3.Whichofthefollowingwillresultindisqualification?A.Earlysubmissiontotheteacher. B.Useofdiversefontsandlayouts.C.Explorationofvariousthemes. D.Lackoforiginalityinthepoem.【答案】1.B2.C3.D【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章主要为英文拼贴诗征集作品，说明了作品要求等情况。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Collagepoetryisaformofpoetrythatcombineswords,phrases,andimagesfromvarioussourcestocreateanewpiece.(拼贴诗是一种结合了不同来源的词语、短语，甚至是图片来创造新的作品的诗歌形式)”可知，有创意地重组词汇和图片是拼贴诗的特点。故选B。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段的“Thisprojectaimstocelebratethecreativityanddiversityofvoices.(这个项目的目的是赞扬创意和不同的呼声)”可知，拼贴诗项目的主要目的是鼓励创造力和各种想法。故选C。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据SubmissionGuidelines部分中“Yoursubmissionmustbeanoriginalwork.(你提交的作品必须是原创)”可知，缺乏原创性的诗不符合要求，故选D。BGeorgeC.HaleservedastheChiefoftheKansasCityFireDepartmentfor31years.Attheendofthe19thcentury,heenhancedfirefightingwithhis60patentedinventions,includingtheHaleWaterTowerandthetelephonefirealarm,andhelpedbringAmerica’sfiredepartmentsintothemodernera.InKansas’earlyhistory,fireswerecommonwithmosthomesbuiltofwoodandheatedwithcoal.Everysecondmatteredforthecrewstaskedwithputtingthemout.Halewasamechanicalgenius,solvingtheproblemsfirefightersfacedinhisera.Teamsoftrainedhorseswereusedtotransportequipmenttoandfromfiresfrom1860to1927.Harnessing(上挽具)thehorseswasatime－consumingbusinessuntilHaleinventedtheswinginghorseharness.Theharnesswassuspended(悬挂)fromtheceilingofthefirestation.Whenthealarmsounded,thehorsesmovedintoplaceandtheharnessbrokeopenanddroppedintoposition,makingthemspringintoactionwithlightningspeed.Haletrainedhisteamtomakecertaineverymomentcounted.Demonstrationsoftheirrecord－speedharnessingweresosuccessfulthatmajorcitiesdemandedtoseetheKansasCityfirefightersinaction.TheteamwaseveninvitedtorepresenttheUnitedStatesasthe“AmericanFireTeam”attheInternationalFireCongressinLondonin1893foranaudiencewithQueenVictoria.Passionateaboutseekingnewapproachestoupgradingfirefighting,Halemadenumerousinventions,improvingfirefighters’workefficiency.Heevenhiredacircusgymnasttoteachfirefightersphysicalfitness.Hisnovelideasdramaticallychangedthewholefireservice.AlthoughHalewasfiredowingtohispoliticalconflictwiththeauthorityin1902,hedidn’tquithiscommitmenttofirefighting.HeactivelyadviseddepartmentsaroundthecountryandsoldfirecontrolfacilitiesasfarawayasRussia.Whenhediedin1923,theKansasCityJournalcalledhim“oneofthegreatestfirechiefsinthehistoryofmodernfirefighting”.4.WhatwastheadvantageofGeorgeC.Hale’sswingingharness?A.Itallowedhorsestorunfaster. B.Itreducedresponsetimetofire.C.Itprotectedfirefightersfromhurt. D.Itsimplifiedtheprocessoffirefighting.5.WhydoestheauthormentiontheInternationalFireCongress?A.ToindicatetheexcellenceofHale’steam.B.Tocomparediversefirefightingtechniques.C.Toevaluatetheroleoftheinternationalstage.D.ToconvincepeopleofAmerica’seffortsinfirefighting.6.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeGeorgeC.Hale?A.Creativeandcommitted. B.Ambitiousandresponsible.C.Braveandgenerous. D.Unselfishandoptimistic.7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.HonorsoftheKansasCityFireDepartmentB.DevelopmentofKansas’FirefightingCauseC.GeorgeC.Hale:aWitnesstotheFireServiceD.GeorgeC.Hale:aGreatContributortoFirefighting【答案】4.B5.A6.A7.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述的是GeorgeC.Hale作为堪萨斯城消防局局长的卓越贡献和影响。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Theharnesswassuspended(悬挂)fromtheceilingofthefirestation.Whenthealarmsounded,thehorsesmovedintoplaceandtheharnessbrokeopenanddroppedintoposition,makingthemspringintoactionwithlightningspeed.(挽具悬挂在消防站的天花板上。当警报响起时，马匹移动到适当的位置，挽具打开并掉落到适当的位置，使它们能够迅速行动起来，速度犹如闪电。)”可知，Hale发明的摇摆挽具减少了对火灾的反应时间。故选B。【5题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段“Haletrainedhisteamtomakecertaineverymomentcounted.Demonstrationsoftheirrecord－speedharnessingweresosuccessfulthatmajorcitiesdemandedtoseetheKansasCityfirefightersinaction.TheteamwaseveninvitedtorepresenttheUnitedStatesasthe“AmericanFireTeam”attheInternationalFireCongressinLondonin1893foranaudiencewithQueenVictoria.(Hale训练他的团队，确保每一刻都很重要。他们演示了以创纪录的速度给马匹上挽具，取得了巨大成功，以至于各大城市都要求观看堪萨斯城消防员的行动。该团队甚至被邀请代表美国，作为“美国消防队”参加1893年伦敦国际消防大会，觐见维多利亚女王。)”可知，作者提到国际消防大会是为了证明Hale团队的卓越。故选A。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中最后一句“Hisnovelideasdramaticallychangedthewholefireservice.(他的新奇想法极大地改变了整个消防部门。)”以及最后一段“AlthoughHalewasfiredowingtohispoliticalconflictwiththeauthorityin1902,hedidn’tquithiscommitmenttofirefighting.HeactivelyadviseddepartmentsaroundthecountryandsoldfirecontrolfacilitiesasfarawayasRussia.(尽管海尔在1902年因政治冲突被当局解雇，但他并没有放弃对消防事业的承诺。他积极向全国各地的消防部门提供建议，并将消防设施远销至俄罗斯。)”可知，GeorgeC.Hale是有创造力，有责任心，可用creative和committed来描述GeorgeC.Hale。故选A。【7题详析】主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第一段“Attheendofthe19thcentury,heenhancedfirefightingwithhis60patentedinventions,includingtheHaleWaterTowerandthetelephonefirealarm,andhelpedbringAmerica’sfiredepartmentsintothemodernera.(在19世纪末，他凭借60项专利发明，包括HaleWaterTower和电话火警报警器，强化了消防工作，并帮助美国的消防部门进入了现代化时代。)”以及最后一段最后一句“Whenhediedin1923,theKansasCityJournalcalledhim“oneofthegreatestfirechiefsinthehistoryofmodernfirefighting”.(当他于1923年去世时，《堪萨斯城日报》称他为“现代消防史上最伟大的消防局长之一”。)”可知，文章主要讲述作为消防局局长的GeorgeC.Hale对消防作出的贡献。由此可知，D项“GeorgeC.Hale:aGreatContributortoFirefighting(GeorgeC.Hale：消防事业的伟大贡献者)”为最佳标题。故选D。CEachOlympicGamesfeaturesathletespushingtheboundariesofhumanlimits,buttheParisOlympicsareparticularlynotableinthisregard.AttheParisOlympics,recordswerebrokenthroughgroupimprovementratherthanindividualbreakthroughs.Inthemen’s10,000meters,13athletesbroketherecord,withJoshuaCheptegeiwinningin26:43.14.Thewomen’s400metersfinalsawallnineathletesfinishunder50seconds.Theamazingpurpletrackmayaccountforthat.ThepurplerunwayoftheParisOlympicsisinspiredbylavenderfieldsinProvence,southernFrance.ThiscolornotonlysymbolizestheromanceandeleganceofFrance,butalsoshowsthenaturalsceneryandculturalheritageofFrance.Thedesignconceptandpurposeofthepurplerunwayistobringasenseoffreshnessandauniqueviewingexperiencethroughnon-traditionalcolorselection.AlainBlondel,theheadofathleticsfortheParisOlympics,notedthatthisdesignnotonlycreatesastrongvisualcontrastbetweenthetrackandthespectatorsduringtelevisionbroadcasts,highlightingtheathletes,butalsohelpsathletesperformbetter.Purpleisconsideredacoolcolor,whichcancreateasenseofcalmandstability.Unlikeblue,anothercoolcolor,purplealsoincludeselementsofred,awarmcolorthataddsasenseofenergyandexpansion.Thiscombinationofred’swarmthandblue’scoolnessgivespurpleabalancedeffect—itcalmswithoutbeingtoosoft,helpingtomaintainasteadyyetmotivatedemotionalstate.Thisrunwayisnotonlyeye-catchingforitsuniquecolor,butalsohidesthesecretsofhightechnology.Therunwayismadeofhigh-techmaterialsdevelopedbyMondo,whichhaveexcellentdurabilityandelasticity,andcanprovidethebestcompetitivecondition.Kipchoge,themarathonworldrecordholder,praisedtheimpactandresilienceoftherunway.TrackandfieldlegendCarlLewisalsoconductedacomprehensivetestoftherunway.Hebelievedthattherunwaycanmaintainstableperformanceinallclimateconditionsandthatathletesallovertheworldwouldlovethistrackfullofcreativityandtechnology.8.Howdoestheauthorprovehispointinthefirstparagraph?A.Bymakingcomparisons. B.Byanalyzingcauses.C.Bypresentingopinions. D.Bygivingexamples.9.WhatcontributestotheexcellentperformanceoftheParisOlympians?A.Theunconventionalcoloroftherunway. B.ThebeautifulsceneryofFrance.C.TheromanticatmosphereinParis. D.ThemotivationofOlympicspirit.10.Whatadvantagedoespurplehaveaccordingtothepassage?A.Creatingasenseofcalmandstabilitylikeblue.B.Helpingathletestodevelopabalancedpersonality.C.Havingastrongersenseofenergyincomparisonwithred.D.Contributingtokeepingastableyetencouragedstate.11.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Thetechnologicalvirtueofthepurpletrack. B.Theoutstandingperformanceofgreatathletes.C.Thepromisingfutureofthepurplerunway. D.Theoverallqualitytestsonthenewrunway.【答案】8.D9.A10.D11.A【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了巴黎奥运会的紫色跑道，解释了背后的科学原理和技术。【8题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Inthemen’s10,000meters,13athletesbroketherecord,withJoshuaCheptegeiwinningin26:43.14.Thewomen’s400metersfinalsawallnineathletesfinishunder50seconds.(在男子一万米比赛中，13名运动员打破了纪录，约书亚·切普特盖以26分43秒14的成绩夺冠。女子400米决赛中，所有9名运动员都跑进了50秒)”可知，作者通过具体的例子来解释他的观点。故选D项。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“AlainBlondel,theheadofathleticsfortheParisOlympics,notedthatthisdesignnotonlycreatesastrongvisualcontrastbetweenthetrackandthespectatorsduringtelevisionbroadcasts,highlightingtheathletes,butalsohelpsathletesperformbetter.(巴黎奥运会田径主管阿兰·布隆德尔指出，这种设计不仅在电视转播时在跑道和观众之间创造了强烈的视觉对比，突出了运动员，还有助于运动员取得更好的成绩)”可知，跑道的非传统颜色促成了巴黎奥运会选手的出色表现。故选A项。【10题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段“Purpleisconsideredacoolcolor,whichcancreateasenseofcalmandstability.Unlikeblue,anothercoolcolor,purplealsoincludeselementsofred,awarmcolorthataddsasenseofenergyandexpansion.Thiscombinationofred’swarmthandblue’scoolnessgivespurpleabalancedeffect—itcalmswithoutbeingtoosoft,helpingtomaintainasteadyyetmotivatedemotionalstate.(紫色被认为是冷色，它能给人一种平静和稳定的感觉。与另一种冷色蓝色不同，紫色也包含了红色的元素，红色是一种温暖的颜色，增加了能量和扩张的感觉。红色的温暖和蓝色的凉爽的结合给紫色带来了一种平衡的效果——它使人平静而又不太柔和，有助于保持一种稳定而积极的情绪状态)”可知，紫色有助于保持稳定但受鼓励的状态。故选D项。【11题详析】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Thisrunwayisnotonlyeye-catchingforitsuniquecolor,butalsohidesthesecretsofhightechnology.Therunwayismadeofhigh-techmaterialsdevelopedbyMondo,whichhaveexcellentdurabilityandelasticity,andcanprovidethebestcompetitivecondition.(这条跑道不仅因其独特的颜色而引人注目，而且还隐藏着高科技的秘密。跑道采用蒙多研发的高科技材料，具有优异的耐久性和弹性，可以提供最佳的比赛条件)”可知，本段主要讲的是紫色跑道的技术优点。故选A项。DAteamofAIresearchersatMicrosoft,workingwithcolleaguesfromthePacificNorthwestNationalLaboratory(PNNL),hasusedAItodevelopabatterythatuseslesslithium(锂).Lithiumbatterieshavebecometheindustrystandardforelectronicdevicesandelectricvehiclesandareexpectedtoplayamajorroleinthechangetogreenpower.Butlithiumisexpensive,whichhasledmultipleteamsacrosstheglobetolookforalternatives.Inthisneweffort,theresearchteamlookedforwaystoreducetheamountoflithiumusedinbatteries.Thiswouldnormallytakealongtimebecauseofthedetailedapproachrequired.Toreducetheworkloadandthetimeneededtoprocessmillionsofalternatives,theresearchersturnedtoAI.NotingthatAIapplicationsaregoodatusingmassiveamountsofdatatolearnhowtodothings,theresearchersdesignedonethatcouldstudymillionsofmaterialsthatmightbeaddedtoalithiumbatterytoreplacesomeamountofthelithiumandtesttheresultsforfactorssuchasstabilityandhowabatteryusingagivenmaterialwouldbehave.Usingthisapproach,theresearchteamreducedthelistofpossiblealternativestojustafewhundredpossibilities.TheythenturnedtomaterialsscientistsatPNNLforadviceonhowtoreducethepossibilitiesevenfurther.Thescientistssuggestedaddingmorespecificscreeningcriteriaandmoretestingrounds.Afteradoptingthatadvice,theteamarrivedatapromisingalternativeandanapproachthatinvolvedreplacingapproximatelyhalfofthelithiumatomsinabatterywithsodium(钠)atoms.Afterusingthenewapproachtobuildaworkingbattery,theresearchersfoundithadlowerconductivity(导电性)thanneeded—buttheyalsobelievethatthereisroomforimprovement.Theyplantocontinueworkingontheapproachandtheprocesstheyusedtofindtheirsolution,whichtheysuggestcouldeventuallysolveothertypesofmaterialprocessingproblems.12.Whydidtheresearchteamwanttodevelopabatterythatuseslesslithium?A.Toreducecarbonemissions. B.Tomeettheindustrystandard.C.Todecreasethecostofabattery. D.Togenerateelectricityefficiently.13.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“thisapproach”inparagraph4referto?A.UsingAItofindpossiblematerials. B.Addingothermaterialstoabattery.C.Developinganapplicationtocollectdata. D.Replacinglithiuminabatterywithsodium.14.Howdidtheresearchteamfinallyfindapromisingalternative?A.ByseekingfundingfromPNNL. B.Byaskingexpertsforadvice.C.ByturningtoMicrosoftforhelp. D.Bycooperatingwithotherscientists.15.Whatistheexistingchallengewiththenewapproach?A.Itislesseffectivethanexpected. B.Itcoststoomuchtimeandmoney.C.Itoccupiestoomuchroom. D.Itprocessesatalowerspeed.【答案】12.C13.A14.B15.A【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了微软的一组人工智能研究人员与太平洋西北国家实验室（PNNL）的同事合作，利用人工智能开发了一种使用更少锂的电池。【12题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段“Lithiumbatterieshavebecometheindustrystandardforelectronicdevicesandelectricvehiclesandareexpectedtoplayamajorroleinthechangetogreenpower.Butlithiumisexpensive,whichhasledmultipleteamsacrosstheglobetolookforalternatives.Inthisneweffort,theresearchteamlookedforwaystoreducetheamountoflithiumusedinbatteries.(锂电池已经成为电子设备和电动汽车的行业标准，预计将在向绿色能源的转变中发挥重要作用。但是锂是昂贵的，这导致全球多个团队寻找替代品。在这项新的努力中，研究小组寻找减少电池中锂用量的方法)”可知，研究人员开发使用更少锂的电池是为了降低制作电池的成本。故选C项。【13题详析】词句猜测题。根据第三段“NotingthatAIapplicationsaregoodatusingmassiveamountsofdatatolearnhowtodothings,theresearchersdesignedonethatcouldstudymillionsofmaterialsthatmightbeaddedtoalithiumbatterytoreplacesomeamountofthelithiumandtesttheresultsforfactorssuchasstabilityandhowabatteryusingagivenmaterialwouldbehave.(研究人员注意到，人工智能应用程序擅长使用大量数据来学习如何做事，因此他们设计了一个人工智能应用程序，可以研究数百万种可能被添加到锂电池中的材料，以取代一定数量的锂，并测试稳定性等因素的结果，以及使用特定材料的电池的行为方式)”可知，本段介绍了研发团队开发了一款人工智能应用程序来研究数百万种可能被添加到锂电池中的物质以取代一定数量的锂。故“thisapproach”指利用人工智能来筛选出可能替代锂的物质。故选A项。【14题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段“Thescientistssuggestedaddingmorespecificscreeningcriteriaandmoretestingrounds.Afteradoptingthatadvice,theteamarrivedatapromisingalternativeandanapproachthatinvolvedreplacingapproximatelyhalfofthelithiumatomsinabatterywithsodium(钠)atoms.(科学家们建议增加更具体的筛选标准和更多的测试轮次。在采纳了这个建议之后，研究小组得出了一个有希望的替代方案，即用钠原子取代电池中大约一半的锂原子)”可知，研究小组通过向专家征求意见最终找到一种有希望的替代方案。故选B项。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Afterusingthenewapproachtobuildaworkingbattery,theresearchersfoundithadlowerconductivity(导电性)thanneeded—buttheyalsobelievethatthereisroomforimprovement.(在使用这种新方法制造出可工作的电池后，研究人员发现它的电导率比所需的要低——但他们也相信还有改进的空间)”可知，新方法存在的挑战是效果不如预期。故选A项。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whilethetechindustryisalwaysadvertisingthenexthotdevice,therealityisthatyoualreadyownalotofamazingtools.Andyoucancertainlydomuchmorewithallthedevicesyoualreadyown.___16______17___Smilingfacesaren’tjustfortextmessagesonyourphone.Youcanuseemojis(表情包)inmanyprograms.OnaWindowsPC,presstheWindowskeyandtheperiodkeyatthesametime.OnaMac,presscommand,controlandthespacebaratthesametimetorevealtheemojis.Getyoursmartspeakertalking.IfyouhaveasmartspeakersuchasAppleHomePodorGoogleNest,you’reprobablyaskingSiriorGoogleAssistanttosettimers,playmusic,switchlightsonandoff.___18___Youcanusethemasaconvenienttranslationdevice.WithaGooglespeaker,say“HeyGoogle,interpretFrench”.Thenjustspeaktohearyourwordstranslated.AppleHomePod,alsoknownasSiri,willtranslatewhatyousayfromEnglish.Watchvideosonabigscreen.___19___IntheYouTubeapp,forexample,ifyoutaponanyactivelyplayingvideo,you’llseeaWiFisymbolinitscorner.That’sthebutton,andtappingitwillletyouplaywhatevervideoyou’rewatchingonanymatchedTVordisplayaroundyou.TellyourTVwhattodo.ManymodernsmartTVsandstreamingdeviceshaveremoteswithbuilt-inmicrophones.Justholddownthemicrophonebuttonandsaywhatyouwanttowatch,launchstreamingchannelsandmore.___20___A.Andthesespeakersareuseless.B.Findemojisonyourcomputer.C.Butthesespeakersarealotsmarterthanthat.D.Emojisareabletobetypedinyourcomputer.E.Here’showtousethemtoliveabetterlifetoday!F.Youmayalsobeabletopressandholdthemicrophonebuttonandspeaktotypewithyourvoice.G.OnsmartTVs,projectingcontentfromaphoneapptoabiggerscreenissoeasy.【答案】16.E17.B18.C19.G20.F【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一些更聪明地利用现有设备的方法。【16题详析】根据上文“Whilethetechindustryisalwaysadvertisingthenexthotdevice,therealityisthatyoualreadyownalotofamazingtool.Andyoucancertainlydomuchmorewithallthedevicesyoualreadyown.(虽然科技行业总是在宣传下一个热门设备，但现实是，你已经拥有了很多令人惊叹的工具。当然，你可以用现有的设备做更多的事情)”可知，本句为本段最后一句，属于过渡句，承接上文说明如何利用现有的设备，同时启示下文的使用方法。故E选项“下面是如何利用它们让今天的生活更美好的方法！”符合语境，故选E。【17题详析】根据本段内容“Smilingfacesaren’tjustfortextmessagesonyourphone.Youcanuseemojis(表情包)inmanyprograms.OnaWindowsPC,presstheWindowskeyandtheperiodkeyatthesametime.OnaMac,presscommand,controlandthespacebaratthesametimetorevealtheemojis.(笑脸不只是出现在手机短信上。你可以在很多程序中使用表情符号。在Windows电脑上，同时按“Windows”键和“句号”键。在Mac电脑上，同时按command、control和空格键就可以显示表情符号)”可知，本段的主旨是使用表情符号，B选项Emojis对应后文emojis。故B选项“在你的电脑上寻找表情符号”符合语境，故选B。【18题详析】根据上文“IfyouhaveasmartspeakersuchasAppleHomePodorGoogleNest,you’reprobablyaskingSiriorGoogleAssistanttosettimers,playmusic,switchlightsonandoff.(如果你有苹果HomePod或谷歌Nest这样的智能音箱，你可能会让Siri或谷歌Assistant设置计时器、播放音乐、开关灯)”以及后文“Youcanusethemasaconvenienttranslationdevice.WithaGooglespeaker,say“HeyGoogle,interpretFrench”.Thenjustspeaktohearyourwordstranslated.AppleHomePod,alsoknownasSiri,willtranslatewhatyousayfromEnglish.(你可以把它们当作一种方便的翻译工具。用谷歌扬声器，说“Hey谷歌，翻译法语”。然后开口说话，听人翻译你的话。苹果的HomePod，也就是Siri，会把你说的话从英语翻译出来)”可知，上文列举了设备具有的音箱功能，后文给出了具体的使用方法，C选项中speaker对应后文speaker。故C选项“但是这些扬声器要聪明得多”符合语境，故选C。【19题详析】根据后文“IntheYouTubeapp,forexample,ifyoutaponanyactivelyplayingvideo,you’llseeaWiFisymbolinitscorner.That’sthebutton,andtappingitwillletyouplaywhatevervideoyou’rewatchingonanymatchedTVordisplayaroundyou.(例如，在YouTube应用程序中，如果你点击任何正在播放的视频，你会在其角落看到一个WiFi符号。这是一个按钮，点击它，你就可以在你周围任何匹配的电视或显示器上播放你正在看的视频)”可知，后文讲述了如何在周围任何匹配的电视或显示器上播放正在观看的任何视频，即将手机上的内容转移到更大的屏幕上。故G选项“在智能电视上，将手机应用程序中的内容投射到更大的屏幕上非常容易”符合语境，故选G。【20题详析】根据上文“ManymodernsmartTVsandstreamingdeviceshaveremoteswithbuilt-inmicrophones.Justholddownthemicrophonebuttonandsaywhatyouwanttowatch,launchstreamingchannelsandmore.(许多现代智能电视和流媒体设备都有内置麦克风的遥控器。只要按住麦克风按钮，说出你想看什么，启动流媒体频道和更多)”可知，上文主要说明了使用麦克风，即通过声音来做一些操作。F选项中microphone对应上文microphone。故F选项“你也可以按住麦克风按钮，用你的声音打字”符合语境，故选F。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。WhileenjoyingmyfreshlunchinarestaurantinAmsterdam,Inoticedsomethingodd.Customerscominginforsomethingtoeatignoredthepersonstandingbehindthecounter(柜台),preferringto___21___throughasmartphone.Whatwasthecrazythingaboutthis?Theywerejustseveral___22___apart!Infact,theyweresoclosethatthestaffmembertookaquick___23___athisscreentogetaheadstartonpickingtherightvegetables—allwithoutanywords___24___.Now,Igetit:Moderntechnologyallowsustobemore___25___,butImightbewitnessingsomethingdeeper:Weprefernottotalktoeachotheranymore.Thinkaboutitforamoment.Whenwasthelasttimeyounaturally___26___aconversationwithsomebodyyoudidn’tknow?Thechancesarethatyoudon’teven___27___!Likelyeitheryouortheotherpersonwas“busy”withotherthingslike___28___withasmartphone.Now,withthe___29___ofdigitaltechnologies,onecan'thelpbutpaythe___30___formodernefficiency:ourabilitytotalktostrangers.Weshop,___31___ahotel,ororderataxi,allviaanapp.___32___withrandomstrangersisbecomingrarerandrarer.Yettherearesurprising___33___ofhavingevenashortandsimpleconversationwithstrangers.Youmightlearnsomething___34___,andbeyonddoubt,ithasthepowertoenrichyourunderstandingofothersand___35___aspecialbondinourmodernworld.21.A.talk B.call C.order D.deliver22.A.meters B.millimeters C.miles D.centimeters23.A.chance B.step C.glance D.breath24.A.spoken B.identified C.deleted D.mentioned25.A.efficient B.committed C.ambitious D.critical26.A.spedup B.engagedin C.turnedto D.wenton27.A.complain B.dream C.remember D.approve28.A.recording B.studying C.playing D.budgeting29.A.lack B.intention C.decline D.rise30.A.cash B.price C.debt D.bill31.A.decorate B.reserve C.recommend D.purchase32.A.Interacting B.Cooperating C.Arguing D.Wandering33.A.interests B.benefits C.warnings D.barriers34.A.unavoidable B.unnecessary C.uncertain D.unexpected35.A.servesas B.refersto C.accountsfor D.consistsof【答案】21.C22.D23.C24.A25.A26.B27.C28.C29.D30.B31.B32.A33.B34.D35.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了随着数字技术的兴起，人们通过手机来完成生活中的各种事情，从而失去了和陌生人说话的能力。【21题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：来吃东西的顾客忽略了站在柜台后面的人，他们更喜欢通过智能手机点餐。A.talk谈话；B.call呼叫；C.order订购；点（酒菜等）；D.deliver传送。根据下文“throughasmartphone”可知，在餐馆中顾客是通过智能手机点餐。故选C项。【22题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们只相距几厘米！A.meters米；B.millimeters毫米；C.miles英里；D.centimeters厘米。根据下文“theyweresoclosethatthestaffmembertookaquick_____athisscreentogetaheadstartonpickingtherightvegetables”可知，工作人员能看到顾客的手机屏幕，故他们相距只有几厘米远。故选D项。【23题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实上，他们离得太近了，以至于工作人员快速瞥了一眼屏幕，就可以抢先一步挑选合适的蔬菜——所有这些都没有说话。A.chance机会；B.step步子；C.glance瞥见；D.breath呼吸。根据上文“theyweresoclose”及下文“athisscreen”可知，工作人员可以看到顾客的手机屏幕。故选C项。【24题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，他们离得太近了，以至于工作人员快速看了一眼屏幕，就可以抢先一步挑选合适的蔬菜——所有这些都没有说话。A.spoken说；B.identified识别；C.deleted删除；D.mentioned提到。根据下文“weprefernottotalktoeachotheranymore.”可知，这一切是在一句话也没有说的情况下进行的。故选A项。【25题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在，我明白了：现代技术让我们更有效率，但我可能看到了更深层次的东西：我们更喜欢不再与人交谈。A.efficient高效的；B.committed投入的；C.ambitious有抱负的；D.critical批判的。根据下文“onecan’thelpbutpaythe_______formodernefficiency”可知，现代技术使我们更加高效。故选A项。【26题详析】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：你上一次自然地与一个你不认识的人交谈是什么时候？A.spedup加速；B.

engagedin从事，参与；C.turnedto求助于；D.wenton继续。根据上文“weprefernottotalktoeachotheranymore.”可知，这里是说上一次和陌生人进行交谈的时候。故选B项。【27题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：很可能你都不记得了！A.complain抱怨；B.dream梦想；C.remember记得；D.approve赞成。根据上文“Whenwasthelasttime”可知，这里是指你不记得上次和陌生人说话是什么时候了。故选C项。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：很可能你或对方都在忙于其他事情，比如玩智能手机。A.recording录音；B.studying研究；C.playing玩；D.budgeting做预算。根据上文“busy”和下文的“withasmartphone”可知，人们在忙着玩手机。故选C项。【29题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，随着数字技术的兴起，人们不禁要为现代效率付出代价：我们与陌生人交谈的能力。A.lack缺少；B.intention意图；C.decline减少；D.rise兴起，提高。根据下文“modernefficiency”可知，正是随着数字技术的兴起，人们的现代效率得以提高。故选D项。【30题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，随着数字技术的兴起，人们不禁要为现代效率付出代价：我们与陌生人交谈的能力。A.cash现金；B.price代价；C.debt债务；D.bill账单。pay

the

price

for“为……付出代价”为固定短语。故选B项。【31题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们通过应用程序购物、预订酒店或叫出租车。A.decorate装饰；B.reserve预定；C.recommend推荐；D.purchase购买。根据下文“allviaanapp”可知，我们通过应用程序预订酒店。故选B项。【32题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：与随意的陌生人互动越来越少。A.Interacting互动；B.Cooperating合作；C.Arguing争吵；D.Wandering闲逛。根据上文“Weshop,___ahotel,ororderataxi,allviaanapp.”可知，人们通过手机完成生活中的各种事情，故和陌生人的接触少了。故选A项。【33题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，与陌生人进行简短的交谈也有令人惊奇的好处。A.interests兴趣；B.benefits好处；C.warnings警告；D.barriers障碍。根据下文“Youmightlearnsomething______,andbeyonddoubt,ithasthepowertoenrichyourunderstandingofothersand______aspecialbondinourmodernworld.”可知，和陌生人交谈有很多好处。故选B项。【34题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你可能会学到一些意想不到的东西，毫无疑问，它有力量丰富你对他人的理解，并在我们的现代世界中成为一种特殊的纽带。A.unavoidable不可避免的；B.unnecessary不必要的；C.uncertain不确定的；D.unexpected想不到的。根据上文“havingevenashortandsimpleconversationwithstrangers”可知，和陌生人交谈可能让你学到意想不到的东西。故选D项。【35题详析】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：你可能会学到一些意想不到的东西，毫无疑问，它有力量丰富你对他人的理解，并在我们的现代世界中成为一种特殊的纽带。A.servesas充当；B.refersto指的是；C.accountsfor导致；D.consistsof由……组成。根据下文“aspecialbondinourmodernworld”可知，和陌生人交谈可以担当现代生活中的纽带。故选A项。第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TraditionalChinesemedicine___36___(practice)foraround3,000yearsinthe