辽宁沈阳市皇姑区部分学校2025-2026学年高一下学期学期初考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1辽宁省沈阳市皇姑区部分学校2025-2026学年高一下学期学期初考试英语试题第一节（略）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共13小题；每小题2.5分，满分32.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ALetter1Yourarticlementionedadoctor’svisitfor“heatandcompression”treatment.Iboughtaninexpensivemicrowavablemoist-heateyecompressonlineanduseitforseveralminutesatbedtimetohelpopentheoilglands.Plus,thewarmthhelpsmerelaxandfallasleep.Nomoremessywashclothcompressesforme!—JulieEvansMinneapolis,MinnesotaLetter2TheQualityInninKodak,Tennessee,turningintoashelterduringahistoricwinterstormshowedsomuchkindnessthatIreadthestorytwice.ForSeanPatel,toopenhishoteltothelocalsinneedduringthestormatholidaytimeatjust$25(thelowestpricethecorporateregulationswouldallow)waspriceless.ThetownisabetterplacebecauseofPatelandhisstaff.—AnnetteWolfeShelton,ConnecticutLetter3Yousuggestedusingtoothpickstoraiseapotlidandpreventtheliquidinthepotfromboilingover.Ipreventthatbyjustlayingawoodenspoonovertheopenpot.Thespoonwillpopmostofthebubblesoncontact,butithasn’tfailedmeyet!—PamSnellgroveLaGrange,GeorgiaLetter4Thestoryaboutadiver,CarterViss,wholosthisarmaftergettinghitbyaspeedboat—andthenforgavethedriver—isamongthemostcompellingstoriesI’veeverread.Hereisastoryofhealthandloss,seaandshore,healingandthehopetoendureoutofthedarknessintothelight.Simplymarvelous!—LeanderJonesNorthport,Alabama1.WhichofthefollowinghighlightsLetter1?A.WeFoundaFix. B.DealingwithEyeProblems.C.RunOverbyaSpeedboat. D.SoNiceYouHavetoReadItTwice.2.Whoforgavethedriverafteranaccident?A.AnnetteWolfe. B.PamSnellgrove.C.CarterViss. D.LeanderJones.3.Whatdothesefourlettershaveincommon?A.Theyarenotesonpastissues. B.Theygiveadviceonhowtoread.C.Theyareremarksabouthumanvirtues. D.Theyofferinformationabouthealth.【答案】1.B2.C3.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要讲述了四封读者来信分别分享了使用眼部热敷包、赞扬酒店善举、分享防止煮沸溢出妙招及对宽恕事故司机的故事的感悟。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据第一封信中“Iboughtaninexpensivemicrowavablemoist-heateyecompressonlineanduseitforseveralminutesatbedtimetohelpopentheoilglands.Plus,thewarmthhelpsmerelaxandfallasleep.Nomoremessywashclothcompressesforme!(我在网上买了一个便宜的微波湿热眼罩，睡前用几分钟帮助打开油脂腺。此外，温暖还能帮助我放松和入睡。我不再用乱七八糟的毛巾敷了！)”可知，这封信主要讲述作者应对眼部问题，故选B。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据第四封信中“Thestoryaboutadiver,CarterViss,wholosthisarmaftergettinghitbyaspeedboat—andthenforgavethedriver—isamongthemostcompellingstoriesI’veeverread.(潜水员卡特·维斯（CarterViss）被快艇撞到后失去手臂，然后原谅了司机，这是我读过的最引人入胜的故事之一)”可知，卡特·维斯在事故后原谅了司机，故选C。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据第一封信中“Yourarticlementionedadoctor’svisitfor“heatandcompression”treatment.(您的文章中提到了医生建议的“热敷加压”疗法)”，第二封信中“TheQualityInninKodak,Tennessee,turningintoashelterduringahistoricwinterstormshowedsomuchkindnessthatIreadthestorytwice.(田纳西州科达克市的品质酒店在一场历史性冬季暴风雪中变身避难所，这个善举让我反复读了两遍)”，第三封信中“Yousuggestedusingtoothpickstoraiseapotlidandpreventtheliquidinthepotfromboilingover.(您建议用牙签垫高锅盖，防止锅里的液体煮沸溢出)”，第四封信中“Thestoryaboutadiver,CarterViss,wholosthisarmaftergettinghitbyaspeedboat—andthenforgavethedriver—isamongthemostcompellingstoriesI’veeverread.(潜水员卡特・维斯被快艇撞伤失去手臂，却选择原谅肇事者，这个故事是我读过最动人的故事之一)”可知，这四封信都是读者对过去文章中提到的问题或故事的反馈或评论，故选A。BIn2004,whenmydaughterBeckywasten,sheandmyhusband,Joe,wereunitedintheirdesireforadog.Asforme,Isharednoneoftheircaninelust.Butwhy,theypleaded.“BecauseIdon’thavetimetotakecareofadog.”Butwe’lldoit.”Really?You’regoingtowalkthedog?Feedthedog?Bathethedog?”Yes,yes,andyes.”Idon’tbelieveyou.”Wewill.Wepromise.Theydidn’t.Fromdaytwo(everyonewantedtowalkthecutepuppythatfirstday),neitherthoughttowalkthedog.WhileIwasslowtoacceptthatIwouldbetheonetokeeptrackofhershots,toschedulehervetappointments,tofeedandcleanher,Mistyknewthisondayone.Asshelookedupatthethreenewhumansinherlife(small,medium,andlarge),shecalculated,themediumoneisthesuckerinthepack.Quickly,sheandIdevelopedsomethingverysimilartoaVulcanmindmeld(心灵融合).She’dlookatmewiththosesadbrowneyesofhers,beamherneed,andthenwait,trustingIwouldunderstand—which,strangely,Ialmostalwaysdid.Innotime,shebecamemyfeetasIread,andsplayingacrossmystomachasIwatchedtelevision.Evenso,partofmecontinuedtoresentwalkingduty.JoeandBeckyhadpromised.Notfair,I’dbalk(不心甘情愿地做)silentlyassheandIwalked.“Notfair,”I’dloudlyremindanyonewithinearshotuponourreturnhome.Thenoneday—January1,2007,tobeexact—myhusband’sdoctorutteredanunthinkableword:leukemia(白血病).Withthat,IspenteighttotenhoursadaywithJoeinthehospital,doinganythingandeverythingIcouldtoeasehisdiscomfort.Duringthosesixmonthsofhospitalizations,Becky,12atthetime,adjustedtootheradultsbeinginthehousewhenshereturnedfromschool.Myworkcolleaguesadjustedtomytakingoffatamoment'snoticeformedicalemergencies.Everypartofmylifechanged;nopartofmyoldroutineremained.Saveone:Mistystillneededwalking.Atthebeginning,whenfriendsofferedtotakeherthroughherpaces,IdeclinedbecauseIknewtheyhadtheirownhouseholdstodealwith.Asthemonthswentby，IbegantorealizethatIactuallywantedtowalkMisty.ThewalkinthemorningbeforeIheadedtothehospitalwasaquiet,peacefultimetogathermythoughtsortojustbebeforetheday'smedicaldramaunfolded.Theeveningwalkwasatimetoshakeofftheday'supsetsandlettheworrytracksinmyheadgotowhitenoise.Whenseriousillnessvisitsyourhousehold,it's,notjustyourdailyroutineandyourassumptionsaboutthefuturethatarenolongerfamiliar.Prettymucheveryoneyouactsdifferently.NotMisty.Takeherforawalk,andshehadnointerestinJoe'sbloodcountsor’onemarrowtestresults.Onthestreetorinthepark,shehadonlyonethingonhermind:squirrels!SheWassojoyousthatevenontheworstdays,shecouldmakemesmile.Onadailybasissheremindedmethatlifegoeson.AfterJoediedin2009，Mistysleptonhispillow.I'mgrateful-toapoint.Thetruthis,afteryearsofbalking,I'vecometoenjoym’walkswithMisty.AsIwatchherchaseafterasquirrel,throwingherwholebeingintothehere-and-nowofanexercisethathasneveronceendedinvictory,sheremindsme,too,thatnomatterhowharshthepresentorunpredictablethefuture,there'salmostalwayssomemeasureofjoytobeextractedfromthemoment.4.whydidn'tthewriteragreetoraiseadogatthebeginningofthestory?A.Shewasafraidthedogwouldgetthefamily,intotrouble.B.ItwouldbeherbusinesstotakecareofthedogC.Herhusbandanddaughterwereunitedasone.D.Shedidn'twanttospoilhe’daughter.5.Whichofthefollowingistheclosestinmeaningto"Themediumoneisthesuckerinthepack”(Paragraph3)?A."Themiddle-agedpersonlovesmemost.”B.“Themedium-sizedwomanisthehostess.”C."Themaninthemiddleistheonewhohasthefinalsay.”D."Thewomanisthekindandtrustworthyoneinthefamily.”6.ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph3that_______.A.MistywasquitecleverB.MistycouldsolvemathproblemsC.thewriterwasaslowlearnerD.noonewalkedMistythefirstday7.Thestorycametoitsturningpointwhen________.A.Joediedin2009B.Joefellillin2007C.thewriterbegantowalkthedogD.thedogtriedtopleasethewriter8.WhydidthewritercontinuetowalkMistywhileJoewasinhospital?A.Mistycouldn’tlivewithoutherB.Herfriendsdidn’tofferanyhelpC.Thewalkprovidedherwithspiritualcomfort.D.Shedidn'twantMistyto’otherscompanion.9.Whatisthemessagethewriterwantstoconveyinthepassage?A.Oneshouldlearntoenjoyhardtimes.B.Adisastercanchangeeverythinginlife.C.Momentsofjoysuggestthatthereisstillhopeahead.D.Peoplewillchangetheirattitudetowardyouwhenyouareindifficulty.【答案】4.B5.D6.A7.B8.C9.C【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文，讲述作者从遛狗的体验中悟出生活的哲理——尽管有时生活艰难、前途难测，但人生总有希望和快乐。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段第三句话"WhileIwasslowtoacceptthatIwouldbetheonetokeeptrackofhershots，toschedulehervetappointments，tofeedandcleanher"可知，作者慢慢地意识到她要代替父女俩给狗狗打针，安排见宠物医生等。这意味着最终将由她来照顾这一只狗。所以为什么作者在故事开始时不同意养狗是因为照顾这条狗是她的事。故选B项。【5题详析】词句猜测题。根据这3个单词的意思不难知道small指的是作者的女儿,medium指的是作者，一个woman；andlarge指的是作者的丈夫。根据后文他们有了心灵相通。所以这个女人是家里最善良最值得信赖的人。故判断出划线词的意思是“这个女人是家里最善良最值得信赖的人”。故选D。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段“Mistyknewthisondayone它在第一天就知道“和shecalculated它在计算。由此判断出Misty很聪明。故选A。【7题详析】细节理解题。根据第六段第一句话“Thenoneday—January1,2007,tobeexact—myhusband‘sdoctorutteredanunthinkableword:leukemia(白血病).然后，2007年1月1日，确切地说是丈夫的医生宣布了丈夫得了白血病，说明这一天是一个转折点。故选B。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第八段第二行“quiet,peacefultimetogathermythoughtsortojustbebeforetheday’smedicaldramaunfolded安静，安静的时间我才能思考，所有的这一切都是精神上的一些安慰。为什么作者在乔住院期间继续遛Misty是因为散步给了她精神上的安慰。故选C。【9题详析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一句话nomatterhowharshthepresentorunpredictablethefuture,there'salmostalwayssomemeasureofjoytobeextractedfromthemoment.不管现在是多么困难或者将来是多么的难以预计，总是有一些提取快乐的方法。故判断出作者想在文章中传达欢乐的时刻表明前方仍有希望。故选C。CForanyoneconnectedwithaschool,thelastcoupleofweeksshouldhavebeenapile-upofplays,choirperformances,andtalentshows.Butareportfound,alarmingly,that53%ofprimariesand63%ofsecondariesthatnormallyholdafestiveconcertattheendofthefirsttermdidnotdoso.Itisdeeplytroublingthatmusicisnolongerbeingtaughtto11-to-14-year-oldsinmorethanhalfofstatesecondaries.Andsomechildrengetaslittleasonedayofmusiclessonayear.Ifthissituationisallowedtocontinue,music-makingwillbecomethepreserveofthosewhocanaffordit.Andtheintensecompetitionforbetteracademicperformancehasonlyspedupthistrend.Asurveypublishedthismonthofmorethan1,300musicteachersfoundthatathirdofBritishprimaryschoolsarenotsinging,whileaquarterhaveceasedinstrumentallessons.Almostthree-quartersofprimaryandtwo-thirdsofsecondaryschoolshavecancelledextracurricularmusic.Thoughasharpdeclineofmusicprovisionisduetovarioussocialfactors,Ofstedappearedtoputthisdowntoschoolsthemselves,ratherthanpointingthefingeratthegovernment’ssilencetoeducators’appeal.Thisisverysadandshortsighted.Onthemostbasiclevel,musicaidsacademicachievement.Researchsuggeststhatmusic-makingimprovesspeechandliteracy.Butacademicprogressistoonarrowastandardofsuccess.Inherbook,JoanKoenigarguesthatmusicisfundamentaltoawell-functioningsociety.Besidesthat,music-makingnurturessympathyandbelonging.“Peoplestandamuchbetterchanceoffindingmeaningandhappinessintheirlivesiftheyfeelthattheybelong,”asKoenigputsit.“Studiesshowthatgroupmusicalpracticecancreateandenhancethisfeeling.Itiswhenpeopledon’thaveasenseofbelongingthatthingsgowrong.”Inthistimeofuncertaintyandfear,ensuringthatallchildrencanaccessmusic-makingisacausedeservingmeaningfulsupportandattentionfromministers.10.Whatdoesparagraph2mainlytalkabout?A.Educatorsareappealingforinvestment. B.Schoolsmerelyvalueacademicachievements.C.Musiclessonsarenearlyabsentfromclassrooms. D.Parentscannotaffordstudents’musiclessons.11.AccordingtoOfsted,whoistoblamefortheaffectedmusicprovision?A.Theschools. B.Theeducators. C.Thegovernment. D.Theresearchers.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“nurtures”inparagraph3probablymean?A.Promotes. B.Deserves. C.Symbolizes. D.Worsens.13.Whatdoestheauthormainlyconveyinthelastparagraph?A.Musiceducationisoptional. B.Musiceducationcallsforbackup.C.Music-makingistough. D.Music-makingmakessense.【答案】10.C11.A12.A13.B【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了如今学校音乐课逐渐消失的现象，说明了音乐的好处。【10题详析】主旨大意题。根据第二段“Itisdeeplytroublingthatmusicisnolongerbeingtaughtto11-to-14-year-oldsinmorethanhalfofstatesecondaries.Andsomechildrengetaslittleasonedayofmusiclessonayear.Ifthissituationisallowedtocontinue,music-makingwillbecomethepreserveofthosewhocanaffordit.Andtheintensecompetitionforbetteracademicperformancehasonlyspedupthistrend.Asurveypublishedthismonthofmorethan1,300musicteachersfoundthatathirdofBritishprimaryschoolsarenotsinging,whileaquarterhaveceasedinstrumentallessons.Almostthree-quartersofprimaryandtwo-thirdsofsecondaryschoolshavecancelledextracurricularmusic.Thoughasharpdeclineofmusicprovisionisduetovarioussocialfactors,Ofstedappearedtoputthisdowntoschoolsthemselves,ratherthanpointingthefingeratthegovernment’ssilencetoeducators’appeal.(令人深感不安的是，超过一半的公立中学不再教授11到14岁的学生音乐。有些孩子一年只上一天音乐课。如果这种情况继续下去，音乐创作将成为那些负担得起的人的专利。为了更好的学习成绩而进行的激烈竞争只会加速这一趋势。本月公布的一项对1300多名音乐教师的调查发现，英国三分之一的小学不唱歌，四分之一的小学停止了乐器课。近四分之三的小学和三分之二的中学已经取消了课外音乐活动。尽管音乐教学数量的急剧下降是由各种社会因素造成的，但Ofsted似乎把这归咎于学校本身，而不是指责政府对教育工作者的呼吁无动于衷)”可知，第二段主要讲的是教室里几乎没有音乐课。故选C。【11题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Thoughasharpdeclineofmusicprovisionisduetovarioussocialfactors,Ofstedappearedtoputthisdowntoschoolsthemselves,ratherthanpointingthefingeratthegovernment’ssilencetoeducators’appeal.(尽管音乐教学数量的急剧下降是由各种社会因素造成的，但Ofsted似乎把这归咎于学校本身，而不是指责政府对教育工作者的呼吁无动于衷)”可知，学校应该为受影响的音乐供应负责。故选A。【12题详析】词句猜测题。根据画线词后文“sympathyandbelonging.“Peoplestandamuchbetterchanceoffindingmeaningandhappinessintheirlivesiftheyfeelthattheybelong,”asKoenigputsit.”可知，正如柯尼格所说，如果人们觉得自己有归属感，他们就更有可能找到生活的意义和幸福。可见音乐创作还能培养同情心和归属感。故画线词意思是“培养”。A.Promotes.培养；B.Deserves.值得；C.Symbolizes.象征；D.Worsens.恶化。故选A。【13题详析】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Inthistimeofuncertaintyandfear,ensuringthatallchildrencanaccessmusic-makingisacausedeservingmeaningfulsupportandattentionfromministers.(在这个充满不确定性和恐惧的时代，确保所有儿童都能接触到音乐创作是一项值得牧师们给予有意义的支持和关注的事业)”可知，作者在最后一段主要表达了音乐教育需要支援。故选B。第二节：（共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Accordingtoa2024attentionstudybyKing’sCollegeLondon,49%oftheUKpublicareexperiencing“popcorn(爆米花)brain”,amentalstatefeaturingdividedattentionandwanderingthoughts.____14____Inresponsetothefindings,psychologistTinaChummungiveshertoptips.Adoptthemindmapmethod.Tomanageadistracted(分心的)mind,writedowneverything,likeappointments,worriesandto-dos,withoutorganizingitinitially.Onceeverythingisonpaper,grouptheseintolifeareaslikeworkoremotionalwellbeing.____15____Thiscreatesorderandgivesyourbrainpermissiontoconcentrate.Everytimeyoufeelyourthoughtswandering,giveyourselfthreeseconds—breathein,namewhatyou’refeeling,andredirectyourfocus.____16____Bydoingso,youmayturndowntheheatwhenyourbrainisworkingovertime.Minimizingtechisalsothekeytogettingbackontrackinyourdailylife.Afulldigitalwithdrawalisunrealistic.____17____Thenitcouldbefollowedbyafive-minutescreentimereward.Itteachesyourbraintotoleratestillnesswithoutfeelingpunished.____18____Atfirst,youmayfeelbored,aspopcornbrainlikesbeing‘gogogo’tofeelsafe.“Goforawalkwithoutmusic,orsimplystareoutyourwindow,”suggestsTina.“Sitinsilenceandobserveyourthoughts.Letyourbrainbreathe.Itissometimesexactlywhatyournervoussystemneeds.”So,areyoureadytoquietthementalpopcornandgetyourfocusback?A.Allowspaceinyourdayfordoingnothing.B.So,what’smakingourbrainspoplikepopcorn?C.Instead,gototallyscreen-freefor25-30minutes.D.Starvingdistractionsandfeedingfocusisaniceidea.E.Thenaskyourself:whatmattersnowandwhatcanwait?F.Theyfeeltheirattentionlessfocusedanddeepthinkingrarer.G.Thispracticeenablesyoutoslowdownandmanageemotions.【答案】14.F15.E16.G17.C18.A【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章以伦敦国王学院2024年的一项注意力研究为切入点，指出英国49%的公众正受“爆米花大脑”（注意力分散、思绪飘忽的精神状态）困扰，随后心理学家蒂娜·丘蒙针对该问题提出了思维导图法、思绪回归训练、减少科技使用、留白独处等四条实用解决建议。【14题详析】上文“Accordingtoa2024attentionstudybyKing’sCollegeLondon,49%oftheUKpublicareexperiencing‘popcorn(爆米花)brain’,amentalstatefeaturingdividedattentionandwanderingthoughts.(根据伦敦国王学院2024年的一项注意力研究，49%的英国公众正经历“爆米花大脑”，这种精神状态的特点是注意力分散、思绪飘忽。)”定义了“爆米花大脑”并说明其高发率，下文“Inresponsetothefindings,psychologistTinaChummungiveshertoptips.(针对这些发现，心理学家蒂娜·丘蒙给出了她的顶级建议。)”引出解决建议。F项“他们感觉自己的注意力不太集中，深度思考也更少见了。”承接上文，“they”指代前文“49%oftheUKpublic”，“注意力不太集中”“深度思考少见”是对“注意力分散、思绪飘忽”的进一步阐释，让读者更清晰理解“爆米花大脑”的表现，衔接自然。故选F。【15题详析】上文“Adoptthemindmapmethod.Tomanageadistracted(分心的)mind,writedowneverything,likeappointments,worriesandto-dos,withoutorganizingitinitially.Onceeverythingisonpaper,grouptheseintolifeareaslikeworkoremotionalwellbeing.(采用思维导图法。为了管理分心的大脑，先把所有事情都写下来，比如约会、担忧和待办事项，一开始不用整理。一旦所有事情都写在纸上，就把它们归类到工作、情感健康等生活领域。)”详细介绍了思维导图法的前两个步骤——记录和归类，下文“Thiscreatesorderandgivesyourbrainpermissiontoconcentrate.(这能建立秩序，让你的大脑可以集中注意力。)”说明该方法的效果。E项“然后问问自己：现在什么重要，什么可以等一等？”作为思维导图法的第三步，承接前文的“记录和归类”流程，通过设问筛选优先级，进而实现下文“建立秩序、集中注意力”的效果，逻辑连贯。故选E。【16题详析】上文“Everytimeyoufeelyourthoughtswandering,giveyourselfthreeseconds—breathein,namewhatyou’refeeling,andredirectyourfocus.(每次你感觉思绪飘忽时，给自己三秒钟——吸气，说出你的感受，然后重新集中注意力。)”介绍了思绪回归训练的具体操作，下文“Bydoingso,youmayturndowntheheatwhenyourbrainisworkingovertime.(通过这样做，当你的大脑过度运转时，你可能会降温。)”说明该训练的作用。G项“这种练习能让你慢下来，管理情绪。”解释了该训练的直接效果，“thispractice”指代上文的三秒训练法，“慢下来”对应“吸气”的动作，“管理情绪”对应“说出你的感受”，且为下文“大脑降温”的深层效果做铺垫。故选G。【17题详析】上文“Minimizingtechisalsothekeytogettingbackontrackinyourdailylife.Afulldigitalwithdrawalisunrealistic.(减少科技产品使用也是日常生活中回归正轨的关键。完全脱离数字产品是不现实的。)”提出减少科技使用的建议并指出完全脱离不现实，下文“Thenitcouldbefollowedbyafive-minutescreentimereward.(然后可以给五分钟的屏幕使用时间作为奖励。)”说明后续的奖励机制。C项“相反，完全不使用屏幕25到30分钟。”通过“instead”承接上文“完全脱离不现实”，给出切实可行的替代方案——短时间不使用屏幕，“25到30分钟”与下文“五分钟奖励”形成时长搭配，构成“限制并奖励”的有效模式，逻辑清晰。故选C。【18题详析】下文“Atfirst,youmayfeelbored,aspopcornbrainlikesbeing‘gogogo’tofeelsafe.“Goforawalkwithoutmusic,orsimplystareoutyourwindow,”suggestsTina.“Sitinsilenceandobserveyourthoughts.Letyourbrainbreathe.(一开始，你可能会感到无聊，因为“爆米花大脑”喜欢一直“忙忙碌碌”才觉得安全。蒂娜建议：“不带音乐散步，或者只是盯着窗外。”“安静地坐着，观察自己的思绪。让你的大脑呼吸。”)”具体描述了“什么都不做”的放松方式及其意义。A项“在一天中留出时间什么都不做。”作为该段主题句，精准概括下文内容，“留出时间什么都不做”与下文“不带音乐散步”“安静坐着”等具体做法相呼应，符合段落主旨。故选A。第三部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分50分）第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中选出最佳选项。Therearemanydifferentwaysofseeingatownforthefirsttime.Oneofthemistowalkaroundit,guide-book____19____hand.Ofcourse,wemay____20____withourguide-booksthehistoryand____21____developmentsofatownandgettoknowthem.____22____then,ifwetakeouttimeand____23____inatownforawhile,wemaygettoknowitbetter.Whenwe____24____itasawhole,webegintohavesome____25____,whicheventhebestguide-booksdonotanswer.Whyisthetownjust____26____this,thisshape,thisplan,thissize?Whydoitsstreets____27____inthisparticularway,andnotinany____28____way?Hereeventhebestguide-book____29____us.Onecan’tfindinittheinformationabouthowatownhasdevelopedtothe____30____appearance.Itmaynotdescribetheoriginal(最初的)____31____ofatown.However,onemaygetsomeideaofwhatit____32____looklikebywalkingaroundthetown.Onecanalsoimagine____33____thetownwasfirstplannedandbuilt.Thenonecanlearnmoreaboutinwhatdirectionthetown____34____todevelop.Whatisthe____35____ofstudyingtownsinthatway?Forme,itis____36____thatonegetsagreaterdepthofpleasurebyvisitingandseeingatownwithone’sowneyes.A____37____visittoatownmayhelponebetterunderstandwhyitisattractive____38____justreadingaboutitinaguide-book.19.A.in B.at C.by D.on20.A.write B.study C.tell D.remember21.A.strange B.similar C.separate D.special22.A.But B.Before C.Since D.Until23.A.march B.work C.stay D.wait24.A.lookat B.lookafter C.lookfor D.lookup25.A.ideas B.opinions C.feelings D.questions26.A.of B.for C.like D.as27.A.open B.run C.begin D.move28.A.one B.more C.other D.such29.A.helps B.tricks C.fails D.satisfies30.A.old B.normal C.first D.present31.A.capital B.meaning C.design D.change32.A.usedto B.seemedto C.hadto D.happenedto33.A.what B.how C.when D.where34.A.stops B.appears C.starts D.continues35.A.point B.view C.problem D.difficulty36.A.nearly B.simply C.generally D.hardly37.A.costly B.formal C.group D.personal38.A.from B.than C.through D.with【答案】19.A20.B21.D22.A23.C24.A25.D26.C27.B28.C29.C30.D31.C32.A33.B34.D35.A36.B37.D38.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了通过实地游览来了解一个城镇的方式及其意义。【19题详析】考查介词词义辨析。句意：其中一种方式是手持旅游指南，在城市中漫步。根据上文“guide-book”和下文“hand”可知，此处表示手里拿着旅游指南，用介词in，inhand“在手里”。故填A。【20题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当然，我们可以通过旅游指南研究一个城镇的历史和特殊发展，并了解它们。A.write写；B.study研究；C.tell告诉；D.remember记得。根据下文“withourguide-booksthehistoryand______developmentsofatownandgettoknowthem.”可知，借助指南了解城镇，应是“研究”历史。故选B。【21题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A.strange奇怪的；B.similar相似的；C.separate分开的；D.special特殊的，独特的。根据下文“developmentsofatown”可知，此处指城镇独特的发展历程。故选D。【22题详析】考查连词词义辨析。句意：但是，如果我们花时间在一个城镇里待一段时间，我们可能会更好地了解它。A.But但是；B.Before在……之前；C.Since自从；D.Until直到。根据上文“Oneofthemistowalkaroundit,guide-book______hand.Ofcourse,wemay______withourguide-booksthehistoryand______developmentsofatownandgettoknowthem.”和下文“then,ifwetakeouttimeand_____inatownforawhile,wemaygettoknowitbetter”可知，上文介绍通过旅游指南研究一个城镇的历史和特殊发展，并了解它们，下文介绍花时间在一个城镇里待一段时间，我们可能会更好地了解它，上下文为转折关系，用But。故选A。【23题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是，如果我们花时间在一个城镇里停留一段时间，我们可能会更好地了解它。A.march行军；B.work工作；C.stay停留；D.wait等待。根据下文“inatownforawhile”可知，此处描述在一个城镇里停留一段时间的好处。故选C。【24题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我们把它作为一个整体来看时，我们开始有一些问题，即使是最好的旅游指南也无法回答。A.lookat看；B.lookafter照顾；C.lookfor寻找；D.lookup查阅。根据下文“itasawhole”可知，此处表示把它作为一个整体来看。lookat...asawhole意为“整体看待……”。故选A。【25题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们把它作为一个整体来看时，我们开始有一些问题，即使是最好的旅游指南也无法回答。A.ideas想法；B.opinions观点；C.feelings感觉；D.questions问题。根据下文“whicheventhebestguide-booksdonotanswer”可知，后文描述即使是最好的旅游指南也无法回答，此处表示有一些问题。故选D。【26题详析】考查介词词义辨析。句意：为什么这个城镇是这样的，这个形状，这个规划，这个规模？A.of……的；B.for为了；C.like像；D.as作为。根据下文“this,thisshape,thisplan,thissize”可知，本句描述旅游者的疑问，此处表示为什么这个城镇是这样的。likethis意为“像这样”。故选C。【27题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：为什么它的街道以这种特定的方式延伸，而不是其他方式？A.open打开；B.run延伸；C.begin开始；D.move移动。根据下文“inthisparticularway”可知，此处表示是对街道的描述，问街道为什么是这样延伸的。故选B。【28题详析】考查代词词义辨析。句意同上。A.one一个；B.more更多；C.other其他的；D.such这样的。根据上文“inthisparticularway,andnotinany”可知，此处表示不是其他方式。inanyotherway意为“以其他任何方式”。故选C。【29题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：即使是最好的旅游指南在这里也会让我们失望。A.helps帮助；B.tricks欺骗；C.fails使失望，辜负；D.satisfies满足。根据下文“Onecan’tfindinittheinformationabouthowatownhasdeveloped”可知，人们无法在旅游指南中找到关于一个城镇如何发展到现在的样子的信息。所以即使是最好的旅游指南也帮不了我们。failsb.意为“让某人失望，帮不上某人”。故选C。【30题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：人们无法在旅游指南中找到关于一个城镇如何发展到现在的样子的信息。A.old老的；B.normal正常的；C.first第一的；D.present现在的。根据上文“Onecan’tfindinittheinformationabouthowatownhasdevelopedtothe”和下文“appearance”可知，城镇经过发展，成为了现在的样子。故选D。【31题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：它可能没有描述一个城镇最初的设计。A.capital首都；B.meaning意义；C.design设计；D.change改变。根据上文“Whyisthetownjust______this,thisshape,thisplan,thissize?Whydoitsstreets______inthisparticularway,andnotinany______way?”、“theoriginal”和后文“thetownwasfirstplannedandbuilt”可知，人们无法在旅游指南中找到最初的“设计”。故选C。【32题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：然而，通过在城镇里四处走走，人们可能会对它过去的样子有所了解。A.usedto过去常常；B.seemedto似乎；C.hadto不得不；D.happenedto碰巧。根据上文“Itmaynotdescribetheoriginal(最初的)______ofatown.However,onemaygetsomeideaofwhatit”和下文“looklikebywalkingaroundthetown”可知，人们无法在旅游指南中找到最初的“设计”，然而，通过在城镇里四处走走，对人们会它过去的样子有所了解。故选A。【33题详析】考查宾语从句引导词辨析。句意：人们也可以想象这座城镇最初是如何规划和建造的。A.what什么；B.how如何；C.when什么时候；D.where在哪里。“_____thetownwasfirstplannedandbuilt”为宾语从句，此处表示这个城镇最初是如何规划和建造的，用how引导该从句。故选B。【34题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，人们可以更多地了解这个城镇将继续朝着哪个方向发展。A.stops停止；B.appears出现；C.starts开始；D.continues继续。根据上文“inwhatdirectionthetown”和下文“todevelop”可知，指城镇未来“继续”发展。故选D。【35题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这样研究城镇的意义是什么？A.point意义；B.view观点；C.problem问题；D.difficulty困难。根据下文“Forme,itis______thatonegetsagreaterdepthofpleasurebyvisitingandseeingatownwithone’sowneyes”可知，下文描述了对于作者来说研究城镇的意义，此处提问这样研究城镇的意义是什么。故选A。【36题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，仅仅是通过亲眼参观和观察一个城镇，一个人就能获得更深层次的乐趣。A.nearly几乎；B.simply仅仅；C.generally一般地；D.hardly几乎不。根据下文“thatonegetsagreaterdepthofpleasurebyvisitingandseeingatownwithone’sowneyes”可知，此处表示仅仅是通过亲眼参观和观察一个城镇这样简单的活动就能获得乐趣。故选B。【37题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：亲自参观一个城镇可能有助于一个人更好地理解为什么它比仅仅在旅游指南中读到它更有吸引力。A.costly昂贵的；B.formal正式的；C.group群；D.personal个人的，亲自的。根据下文“visittoatown”可知，此处描述亲自参观一个城镇的好处。故选D。【38题详析】考查介词词义辨析。句意：亲自参观一个城镇可能有助于一个人更好地理解为什么它比仅仅在旅游指南中读到它更有吸引力。A.from来自；B.than比；C.through通过；D.with和。根据上文“itisattractive”和下文“justreadingaboutitinaguide-book”可知，此处是在旅游指南中读到它和亲身体验的比较。故选B。第二节课文单词填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）注意：已给首字母的请根据汉语意思在相应位置写出完整单词；其他题考查及答题方法同高考语法填空题型。39.Icameacrosss________(臭的)tofu,ahorriblegreythingthatlookedandsmeltlikea________(burn)sportsshoe.（根据中英文提示和单词的适当形式填空）【答案】①.stinky②.burnt【详析】考查形容词。句意：我偶然遇到了臭豆腐，一种可怕的灰色东西，看起来和闻起来都像烧焦的运动鞋。第一空需要修饰名词tofu，第二空需要修饰名词短语sportsshoe，两空都应填入形容词作定语。根据提示，第一空表示“臭的”且以s开头，应用形容词stinky，stinkytofu是“臭豆腐”的地道表达；第二空用burn的过去分词burnt转化为形容词作定语，表示“被烧焦的”状态，描述运动鞋的特征。故第一空填stinky，第二空填burnt。40.ButIgatheredallmycouragetotakeabiteandwasamazed________(find)itwasn’tsobad.（所给词的适当形式填空）【答案】tofind【详析】考查非谓语动词。句意：但我鼓起勇气咬了一口，惊讶地发现它并没有那么糟糕。beamazedtodosth.是固定短语，意为“做某事感到惊讶”，本空用不定式tofind。故填tofind。41.Isthereanytruthbehindthesaying“Youare________youeat.”?(用适当的词填空)【答案】what【详析】考查表语从句。句意：“人如其食”这句俗语有没有道理呢？引导表语从句，从句缺少宾语，指物，故用what。故填what。42.Cookingtogethergivesusachancetorelaxandc________(打听，别后叙谈)uponeachother’sdays.【答案】catch【详析】考查动词。句意：一起做饭让我们有机会放松一下，聊聊彼此的日子。根据中英文提示可知，空处应填动词catch，catchupon为固定短语，意为“打听，别后叙谈”，且空处与relax并列，需填动词原形。故填catch。43.Ioftenendup________(save)partofmymealforthenextday.（根据汉语提示和单词的适当形式填空）【答案】saving【详析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我常常最后都会省下一部分饭菜留到第二天吃。endupdoingsth.为固定搭配，意为“以做某事告终；结果做了某事”，所以设空处应用动名词形式。故填saving。44.Nofamilymealiscomplete________someformofmeat.（用适当的词填空）【答案】without【详析】考查介词。句意：没有某种形式的肉，家庭聚餐就不完整。此处表示“没有”，用介词without。故填without。45.Theletterwasalsobeautifullyi________(配插图);eachmusthavetakenTolkienalongtimetocomplete.(根据中英文提示