陕西西安市碑林区某中学2025-2026学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1陕西西安市碑林区某中学2025-2026学年高二上学期期末英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。AEducationalAppStoreBusuuBusuuhelpsyoulearnEnglishlanguageandthelesson'squalityisguaranteedasitisbasedonCEFRlanguageframework.Lessonsrangefrombeginnerstoadvancedlearners.BusuuisactuallyagreatEnglishappifyouwanttoimproveyourspokenEnglishbytalkingwithnativespeakers.DuolingoDuolingoisoneofthebestEnglishlanguageappstodayandhighlyrecommendedforEnglishbeginners.ThesystemoftheapphelpsyoulearnEnglishquicklybyspendingtwentyminutesaday.Duolingostructuresyourlessonsthatteachyouaboutsevennewwordsbasedonatopicandskillpointsbeingawardedforcompletingthelessons.MemriseMemriseusessomecreativeandeasywaystorememberEnglishwords.ThefocusofthisappistohelptheusersexpandtheirvocabularybylearningEnglishwordsinaneffectiveway.MemrisealsooffersanofflinemodetocontinuelearningwithoutInternetconnection.RosettaStoneRosettaStoneisdesigneddifferentlyfromaveragelanguageappsonthemarketplacetoday.It'stryingtoteachusEnglishthewaywe'dlearnitifwewerechildrenstartingtolearnthelanguage.Ithasexercisesdesignedtohelpyoulearnbasicwords.AvarietyoflessonsareofferedthatRosettaStonehasbeenusingforyears.1.Whichofthefollowingisthemostusefulforspeaking?A.Busuu. B.Duolingo. C.Memrise. D.RosettaStone.2.WhatisuniqueaboutMemrise?A.ItservesEnglishbeginners. B.Itworksonlineoroffline.C.Ithelpsdevelopvocabulary. D.Itpromisesquickprogress.3.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Togivewaysoflearning. B.Topromoteitslatestproducts.C.Toshowitshightechnology. D.Toinspirelanguagelearners.【答案】1.A2.B3.B【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四款教育软件，尤其是各自的独特之处。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据Busuu部分中“BusuuisactuallyagreatEnglishappifyouwanttoimproveyourspokenEnglishbytalkingwithnativespeakers.(如果你想通过与母语人士交谈来提高你的英语口语，Busuu实际上是一个很棒的英语应用程序。)”可知，Busuu对联系英语口语最有帮助。故选A。【2题详析】细节理解题.根据Memrise部分中“MemrisealsooffersanofflinemodetocontinuelearningwithoutInternetconnection.(Memrise还提供离线模式，在没有互联网连接的情况下继续学习。)”可知，离线学习模式是Memrise不同于其他软件的地方。故选B。【3题详析】推理判断题。根据文章标题“EducationalAppStore(教育应用软件)”和本文内容可知，本文介绍了四款教育软件，尤其是各自的独特之处，因此文章主要是为了推广这些最新的应用软件。故选B。BEighteenmilesintothewalk,bothofmylegsscreamed.Iwasafewmonthsintotrainingfora30-milewalkingchallengetocelebratethefinalyearofmyPh.D.,andnowmycarefullylaidplansseemedonshakyground.Thesetbackcameontopofbadnewsonanotherfront:myjobhunt.Iappliedtopositionsbroadly,confidentIwouldlandsomethingsoon.Buttherejectionsstartedtorollin.InbothcasesIwouldsoonhavetomakeachoice:ShouldIstaythecourse,oradjustmyplans?LookingforawaytotakemymindoffthestressesoffinishingmyPh.D.andthejobsearch,Idecidedtoorganizea30-milewalkingchallenge.I’deasetheburdenoflonghoursworkingonthesischaptersandjobapplicationsbybeingoutinthecountryside,amongthemembersofthewalkinggroupIhadjoinedayearago.Soon,though,IwasfindingIhadlesstimetotrain.IpushedmyselfharderthanIshouldhave,settingthestageformyleginjury.Myprofessionalprospectsweren’tlookinganybetter.Andmyinjuryonlyworsenedmymood.FormonthsIstuckdoggedlytomypreviouslylaidplans—butmaybeitwastimetotryanewpath.Ipreviouslyconsideredgovernmentjobsbuthadbeendiscouragedbythecomplicatedapplicationprocess,verydifferentfromthatatprivatecompanies.Buttheemploymentpoliciesseemedfriendlytowardthoseundertakingcareertransitions,andtheworkseemedinlinewithmycareergoals.Idecidedtogiveitatry,learningnewvocabularystoexplainhowmyacademicexperiencequalifiedmeforthejobs—andwasexcitedtogetinterviews,andeventuallyoffers,fortwodifferentpositions.TheweightIhadfeltformonthsfinallylifted.Atthesametime,Iwasstillstrugglingwithmywalkplans.Withthestressofmyjobsearchbehindme,IlearnedIcouldfindsatisfactionbyrevisingmygoal:ashortenedwalkof14miles,adistanceIcouldmanagecomfortably.Onemonthlater,Isuccessfullydefendedmythesisandstartedmynewjob.4.Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthorfromparagraph1?A.Hewasfacedwithlifedifficulties. B.Hehadcleargoalsforhisfuture.C.Hewasmakingacademicprogress. D.Hehadgivenuponhissportsplans.5.Whatdidtheauthorexpectofthe30-milewalkingchallenge?A.Mentalrelief. B.Newfriendships. C.Jobopportunities. D.Fitnessimprovement.6.Whydidtheauthorapplyforgovernmentjobs?A.Therewerevariouspositionoptions. B.Theapplicationprocedurewasfamiliar.C.Theyallowedforalongcareertransition. D.Theymatchedhisprofessionalobjectives.7.Whatmessagedoestheauthormostwanttosendinthetext?A.Planscanbeadjustedtobettersuitourselves. B.Successoftencomesaftertoleratingfailures.C.Exercisecancontributetoourmentalcapacities. D.Overcomingchallengesisanecessarypartoflife.【答案】4.A5.A6.D7.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在面临腿部受伤和求职受挫时，调整计划并最终取得成功的故事。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Eighteenmilesintothewalk,bothofmylegsscreamed.(走了18英里后，我的两条腿都疼得要命)”以及“Thesetbackcameontopofbadnewsonanotherfront:myjobhunt.(这次挫折又叠加在另一条坏消息之上——那就是我的求职不顺)”可知，作者面临着腿部受伤和求职受挫等生活困难。故选A。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“LookingforawaytotakemymindoffthestressesoffinishingmyPh.D.andthejobsearch,Idecidedtoorganizea30-milewalkingchallenge.(为了分散完成博士学位和找工作的压力，我决定组织一次30英里的步行挑战)”可知，作者期望通过30英里的步行挑战来缓解精神压力。故选A。【6题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Buttheemploymentpoliciesseemedfriendlytowardthoseundertakingcareertransitions,andtheworkseemedinlinewithmycareergoals.(但就业政策似乎对那些正在进行职业转型的人很友好，而且这份工作似乎符合我的职业目标)”可知，作者申请政府工作是因为它们符合他的职业目标。故选D。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段“FormonthsIstuckdoggedlytomypreviouslylaidplans—butmaybeitwastimetotryanewpath.(几个月来，我一直坚持着我之前制定的计划——但也许是时候尝试一条新的道路了)”和倒数第二段“Withthestressofmyjobsearchbehindme,IlearnedIcouldfindsatisfactionbyrevisingmygoal:ashortenedwalkof14miles,adistanceIcouldmanagecomfortably.(找工作的压力过去后，我知道我可以通过调整目标来获得满足感——把步行距离缩短到14英里，这个距离我可以轻松完成)”以及最后一段“Onemonthlater,Isuccessfullydefendedmythesisandstartedmynewjob.(一个月后，我顺利通过了论文答辩，开启了新的工作生涯)”并结合文章内容，作者在面临腿部受伤和求职受挫时，没有坚持原来的计划，而是选择了调整计划，最终成功完成了学业并找到了新工作。由此可推断，作者最想传达的信息是计划可以根据自身情况进行调整以更好地适应自己。故选A。CClimatechangeleadstorisingtemperatures,increasedsealevels,anddrought(干旱).However,itseffectsdon’tendthere—itcanalsochangethetasteoffood.InsouthwestSpain,blackIberianpigslookforfoodundercenturies-oldoaktrees,aprocesskeyfortheuniquetasteoftheJamonIberico,aspecialcuredham(腌制火腿)madefromthesepigs.However,accordingtoNationalGeographic,moreheatwavesandafive-yeardroughthavereducedthenumberofthetrees’acorns(橡子)aswellasthegrassaroundthem.Withoutthesenaturalfoodsources,thepigsrequireextrafeed,whichchangestheham’suniquetaste.Droughtalsoaffectsthetasteoffruits.Watermelons,forexample,showsignificantflavorchangesduringdroughtconditions.AccordingtoresearchersattheAgrifoodResearchandTechnologyCenterofAragoninSpain,compounds(化合物)suchassugarsbuildupduringdrought,changingthetasteoffood,eitherforbetterorforworse.Beyonddrought,risingtemperaturesandsealevelsalsoinfluencefoodflavors.Warmdaysandcoolnightshelpfruitsdevelopthebestflavorbyincreasingtheirsugarcontentandacidity(酸度).However,globalwarmingischangingthis.Forexample,Japaneseapplesarebecominglessacidic,softer,anddrierbecausetheybloomearlyandgrowinhighertemperatures.Oysters,whichdobestinamixofsaltandfreshwater,arelosingtheiruniquetastebecauserisingsealevelsaremakingtheirenvironmenttoosalty.Whilethefoodweeatisaffectedbyclimatechange,ourfoodchoicesalsoimpacttheclimate.Meatandmilkproducts,especiallyfromcows,contributesignificantlytogreenhousegasemissions.Raisinganimalsforfoodmakesupabout14.5percentoftheworld’stotalgreenhousegasemissions,similartotheemissionsfromallvehiclescombined.Producinganimalprotein(蛋白质)usesmoreland,energyandwaterthanplantprotein.Whilethisseemslikeabadcycle,itcanbebroken.Forexample,TheGoodFoodInstitute,aUS-basedthinktank,believespeoplewillchoosealternativeproteinsiftheyareastastyandaffordableasmeat.Meanwhile,morefarmersarepracticing“greener”farming,andwhenpeoplebuylocal,in-seasonproduce,theimpactontheenvironmentisreduced.8.WhathascausedthechangeintheflavorofJamonIberico?A.Thechangeinpigfeedingmethodsduetonewtechnology.B.Theintroductionofnewcuringtechniques.C.Thelackofnaturalfeedforthepigs.D.Theuseofothermeatsources.9.Whatdoesparagraph5mainlytalkabout?A.Thechoiceswemakeaboutfoodinfluencetheenvironment.B.Thecomparisonbetweenplantandanimalproteins.C.Therisingcarbonfootprintoffoodproduction.D.Theeffectsoffarmingonglobalwarming.10.Whatactioncanconsumerstaketofightclimatechange?A.Eatinglessprocessedfood. B.Buyinglocalandin-seasonfood.C.Supportingtraditionalfarmingpractices. D.Choosinganimalproteinoverplantprotein.11.What’sthebesttitleforthispassage?A.ShiftsinSeaLevels B.ChangesonYourPlateC.DroughtsandAgriculture D.GreenhouseGasEmissions【答案】8.C9.A10.B11.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述了气候变化如何影响食物的味道以及人类食物的选择如何影响气候。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Withoutthesenaturalfoodsources,thepigsrequireextrafeed,whichchangestheham’suniquetaste.(没有了这些天然食物来源，猪需要额外的饲料，这改变了火腿独特的风味)”可知，Iberico火腿的味道变化是由猪缺少天然饲料导致的。故选C。【9题详析】主旨大意题。根据第五段中“Whilethefoodweeatisaffectedbyclimatechange,ourfoodchoicesalsoimpacttheclimate.(虽然我们吃的食物受到气候变化的影响，但我们的食物选择也会影响气候)”可知，本段主要讲食物选择影响环境。故选A。【10题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Meanwhile,morefarmersarepracticing“greener”farming,andwhenpeoplebuylocal,in-seasonproduce,theimpactontheenvironmentisreduced.(与此同时，越来越多的农民正在实践“更绿色”的农业，当人们购买本地的、当季的农产品时，对环境的影响就会减少)”可知，消费者可以通过购买本地的、当季的农产品来应对气候变化，故选B。【11题详析】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Climatechangeleadstorisingtemperatures,increasedsealevels,anddrought(干旱).However,itseffectsdon’tendthere—itcanalsochangethetasteoffood.(气候变化导致气温上升、海平面升高以及干旱。然而，其影响远不止于此——它还能改变食物的味道)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了气候变化如何影响食物的味道和供应。由此可知，B“ChangesonYourPlate(你餐盘里的变化)”既涵盖了气候变化导致食物味道改变这一内容，又能体现我们食物选择对环境及食物本身的影响，全面概括了文章主旨。故选B。DToysonchildren’sholidaywishlistsmaycontainmoresurprisesthanusualthisyearaschildrenopenpresentsthatcantalkwiththeirowners.Toymakershavedeclared2025theyearofartificialintelligence(AI)andareproducingrobotsandteddiesthatcanteach,playandtellstories.AIisreshapingchildhood.Childrencanlistentosongscomposedaboutthemselves,readstoriesinwhichtheystar,playvideogamesthatadapttotheirskilllevelandhaveachatbotfriendscheeringthemon.Beingbroughtupbyrobotshasadvantages.TechfirmsarealreadyshowinghowAIcanmakelearningmoreeffective,especiallywhereteachersandmaterialsarerare.Theabilitytoreadandwriteandlanguage-learninghavebeenboostedinearlytrials.Thedreamisthat,withanAItutor,childrencanbefreedfromclassesdesignedfortheaveragelevel,inwhichbrightpupilsareboredanddimonesarelost.Ifyouwantaversion(版本)ofthisleaderforaneight-year-oldHindi-speaker,AIcanrewriteit;iftheywouldpreferitasacartoonbookorasong,noproblem.However,itisobviouslyriskytoletchildrenusethisdevelopingtechnologyastheylike.AItutorsmaygivewronganswers.Toyscangoofftherails(轨道).ChildrencaneasilymisuseAI,tocheatathomework.Besides,one-sidedrelationshipswithchatbotsalsopresentarisk.AIcompanionsthatnevercriticize,norsharefeelingsoftheirown,areapoorpreparationfordealingwithimperfecthumans.AthirdofAmericanteenagerssaytheyfindchattingwithanAIcompanionatleastassatisfyingastalkingtoafriend,andeasierthantalkingtotheirparents.Yes-botsthreatentocreatechildrennotusedtotakingturns,whogrowupintocolleaguesunabletocompromise(妥协)orpartnerwithothers.Thisisthelong-termchallenge.Somebasiccounter-measuresareurgent.Parentsshouldthinktwicebeforeentrustingtheirchildtoamachine.Chatbotsshouldhaveclearagerulesthatareproperlycarriedout;governmentsshouldnotgiveAIfirmsmorefreedom.Theyshouldredoubleeffortstoteachthingsthatarobotcan’t:todebate,todisagreeandtogetalongwithothers—perhapseventoappreciatelife.12.Whatsurprisemaybefoundin2025?A.Aninteractivetoy. B.Afunnyvideogame.C.Awell-composedsong. D.Astory-writingmachine.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“dim”probablymeaninparagraph3?A.Lackinginflexibility. B.Slowinlearning.C.Depressedinmood. D.Interestedincartoons.14.Whatisthelong-termchallengethatAIbringsaccordingtothetext?A.AItutorsgivewronganswers. B.ChildrencheatwithAI’shelp.C.Toysgoofftherailseasily. D.Childrenloseinterpersonalskills.15.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardAIchatbots?A.Opposed. B.Supportive. C.Objective. D.Indifferent.【答案】12.A13.B14.D15.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。主要探讨人工智能玩具及工具给儿童带来的便利与乐趣，同时分析其潜在风险及应对措施。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Toysonchildren’sholidaywishlistsmaycontainmoresurprisesthanusualthisyearaschildrenopenpresentsthatcantalkwiththeirowners.Toymakershavedeclared2025theyearofartificialintelligence（AI）andareproducingrobotsandteddiesthatcanteach,playandtellstories.(今年，孩子们节日愿望清单上的玩具可能会比往常更具惊喜，因为孩子们拆开的礼物能和主人对话。玩具制造商宣布2025年为人工智能元年，正在生产可以教学、玩耍和讲故事的机器人与泰迪熊)”可知，2025年的惊喜是能与主人互动的智能玩具。故选A项。【13题详析】词句猜测题。根据第三段中的“Thedreamisthat,withanAItutor,childrencanbefreedfromclassesdesignedfortheaveragelevel,inwhichbrightpupilsareboredanddimonesarelost.(人们的愿景是，有了人工智能辅导老师，孩子们可以摆脱为平均水平设计的课堂——在这样的课堂上，聪明的学生会感到无聊，而dim的学生则会跟不上)”可知，dim与前文的bright（聪明的）构成对比，由此推测该词意为“学习迟钝的”。故选B项。【14题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Besides,one-sidedrelationshipswithchatbotsalsopresentarisk.AIcompanionsthatnevercriticize,norsharefeelingsoftheirown,areapoorpreparationfordealingwithimperfecthumans.AthirdofAmericanteenagerssaytheyfindchattingwithanAIcompanionatleastassatisfyingastalkingtoafriend,andeasierthantalkingtotheirparents.Yes-botsthreatentocreatechildrennotusedtotakingturns,whogrowupintocolleaguesunabletocompromise(妥协)orpartnerwithothers.Thisisthelong-termchallenge.(此外，与聊天机器人建立单向的关系同样存在风险。从不指责、也不会分享自身感受的人工智能伙伴，无法让孩子做好应对不完美人类的准备。三分之一的美国青少年表示，他们觉得和人工智能伙伴聊天，至少与和朋友聊天一样令人满足，甚至比和父母聊天还要轻松。这种只会顺从的机器人，可能会让孩子变得不习惯与人轮流交流，长大后成为不懂得妥协、也无法与人合作的职场人。这便是其带来的长期挑战)”可知，人工智能带来的长期挑战是儿童会丧失人际交往能力。故选D项。【15题详析】推理判断题。通读全文，第三段介绍了人工智能对儿童学习的积极作用，第四段分析了其带来的多种风险，最后一段提出针对性的应对措施。作者既肯定了人工智能的优势，也指出了其弊端，态度是客观中立的。故选C项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Manypeoplethinkthatpositivethinkingismostlyaboutkeepingone'sheadinthesandandignoringdailyproblems,tryingtolookoptimistic.Inrealityithasmoretodowiththewayanindividualtalkstohimself.Self-talkisaconstantstreamofthoughtsofaperson,whoisoftenunawareanduncertainofsomeevents,phenomena,people,oreventhepersonhimself.____16____Meanwhile,positivethinkingcanhelptostopnegativeself-talksandstarttoformapositiveviewonanissue.Peoplewhoregularlypractisepositivethinkingtendtosolveproblemsmoreeffectively.Theyarelessexposedtostresscausedbyexternalfactors.Theytendtobelieveinthemselvesandinwhattheydo.____17____Peoplewhothinkpositivelydemonstrateincreasedlifespans,lowerratesofdepressionandanxiety,betterphysicalandpsychologicalhealth,reducedrisksofdeathfromheartproblems.Positivethinkingalsocontributestoone'sabilitytodealwithproblemsandhardships.____18____Forexample,researchershavefoundthatinthecaseofacrisisaccompaniedbystrongemotions,suchasanaturaldisaster,positivethinkingcanprovideasortofbufferagainstdepressionandanxiety.Resilientpeoplewhothinkpositivelytendtotreateveryproblemasachallenge,achanceforimprovementofanykind,orasanopportunityforpersonalgrowth.Pessimists,onthecontrary,tendtoperceiveproblemsasasourceofadditionalstress.____19____Inconclusion,positivethinkingisapowerfulandeffectivetoolfordealingwithhardtimesandimprovingthequalityofone'slife.Itdoesn'thaveanythingtodowithignorantoptimismwhenanindividualrefusestonoticeaproblem.____20____Thinkinginapositive,self-encouragingwaybringsaboutmanybenefitstoone'sphysicalandmentalhealth.A.Itdoesn'tcauseanysevereemotionaldiscomfort,either.B.Negativeself-talkdamagesself-confidenceanddecreasesself-respect.C.Ithelpsonetoremainclear-headedandconfidentindifficultsituations.D.Positivethinkinghasseveralbeneficialeffectsonthebodyandthemind.E.Asthinkingchanges,anindividual'sbehaviourandhabitschangeaswell.F.Theyoftenofferarealalternativetothecommonandregularwayofthinking.G.Theyoftenfeeldiscouragedlongbeforetryingtosolvetheproblem,evenifsmall.【答案】16.B17.D18.C19.G20.A【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了积极思考对人产生的各种益处，同时将积极思考者与悲观主义者相比较，分析两种人的差异。积极思维是应对困难时期和提高个人生活质量的强大而有效的工具。【16题详析】根据上文“Self-talkisaconstantstreamofthoughtsofaperson,whoisoftenunawareanduncertainofsomeevents,phenomena,people,oreventhepersonhimself.(自我对话是一个人持续不断的想法，他常常对一些事件、现象、人，甚至是他自己都没有意识和不确定)”以及后文“Meanwhile,positivethinkingcanhelptostopnegativeself-talksandstarttoformapositiveviewonanissue.(同时，积极的思考可以帮助停止消极的自我对话，开始形成对一个问题的积极的观点)”由此可知，上文对自我对话进行了定义，后文则提到了积极的思考可以有助于停止消极的自我对话，可知本句是在说明消极的自我对话对人的不良影响。后文中negativeself-talks可对应到B选项中Negativeself-talk。故B选项“消极的自言自语会损害自信，降低自尊”符合语境，故选B。【17题详析】根据后文“Peoplewhothinkpositivelydemonstrateincreasedlifespans,lowerratesofdepressionandanxiety,betterphysicalandpsychologicalhealth,reducedrisksofdeathfromheartproblems.Positivethinkingalsocontributestoone'sabilitytodealwithproblemsandhardships.(积极思考的人寿命更长，抑郁和焦虑率更低，身心更健康，死于心脏问题的风险更低。积极的思考也有助于一个人处理问题和困难的能力)”由此可知，后文提到了积极思考对人的益处，后文中Peoplewhothinkpositively以及Positivethinking可对应到D选项中Positivethinking。故D选项“积极思考对身心有几个有益的影响”符合语境，故选D。【18题详析】根据后文“Forexample,researchershavefoundthatinthecaseofacrisisaccompaniedbystrongemotions,suchasanaturaldisaster,positivethinkingcanprovideasortofbufferagainstdepressionandanxiety.(例如，研究人员发现，当危机伴随着强烈的情绪时，比如自然灾害，积极的思考可以为抑郁和焦虑提供一种缓冲)”可知，后文举出的例子说明了积极思考可以让一个人在面临危机时，保持冷静。故C选项“它帮助一个人在困难的情况下保持头脑清醒和自信”符合语境，故选C。【19题详析】根据上文“Resilientpeoplewhothinkpositivelytendtotreateveryproblemasachallenge,achanceforimprovementofanykind,orasanopportunityforpersonalgrowth.Pessimists,onthecontrary,tendtoperceiveproblemsasasourceofadditionalstress.(积极思考的、有韧性的人倾向于把每一个问题都看作是一个挑战，一个改进的机会，或者一个个人成长的机会。相反，悲观主义者倾向于将问题视为额外压力的来源)可知，上文在将积极思考者与悲观主义者相比较，本句应承接上文，进一步解释说明悲观主义者在解决问题时一些性格特点。上文Pessimists可对应到G选项中They。故G选项“他们常常在试图解决问题之前就感到气馁，即使是很小的问题”符合语境，故选G。【20题详析】根据上文“Inconclusion,positivethinkingisapowerfulandeffectivetoolfordealingwithhardtimesandimprovingthequalityofone'slife.Itdoesn'thaveanythingtodowithignorantoptimismwhenanindividualrefusestonoticeaproblem.(总之，积极思考是应对困难时期和提高个人生活质量的强大而有效的工具。当一个人拒绝注意到一个问题时，它与无知的乐观主义没有任何关系)”可知，本句承接上文进一步说明一个人拒绝注意到问题的影响，它与无知的乐观主义没有任何关系，也不会引起任何严重的情绪不适。故A选项“它也不会引起任何严重的情绪不适”符合语境，故选A。第三部分语言运用第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。ThemostpowerfulhurricaneintheyearwascrashingintocoastlinesinVirginia.LuckyDogAnimalRescueplannedtotakethe21dogs,affectedbythedisaster,toa____21____inSouthCarolina,whichbecamecrowdedaspeoplenearthecoastwereevacuating.MirahHorowitzistheheadofLuckyDoginArlington,Virginia.“It’sadouble____22____,”shesaid.HergroupfoundithardtohelpthedogsaswellasdrivethemfromVirginiatoSouthCarolina____23____aseven-hourtrip.ThentheyhavetoputdogsinwoodenboxesandbringthemtotheWashington,D.C.,area.Finally,theyhadtomakesuretherewereenoughfamiliesto____24____thedogs.Thegrouptriedto____25____moredogsfromSouthCarolinaovertheweekend.Theyweregoingtoholdanadoption(领养)eventonSeptember8attheshelterintheWashington,D.C.,area.Horowitzandhercolleaguesdecidedtotakesomedogsandemailed____26____thatnightlookingforfamiliestoadoptthedogs.“Wehadtofindpeopletotakethoseanimalsbetween10p.m.and6a.m.”Horowitzsaid.____27____,theyweregettingmanyrepliesuntil2a.m.frompeoplewhowerewillingtohelp,afterhoursof____28____waiting.LuckyDogwasalsotalkingtoananimalshelterontheislandofGrandBahamaintheBahamas.Thatwaswherethehurricanehadcausedthemost____29____sofar.Theworkerstheredidnotknowthedogs’situations.____30____,theyheardreportsofheavyfloodingthathad____31____theshelter.Horowitz’sgroupalsohasahelicopterwhichisreadytoofferflightsto____32____someemergencysupplies.Horowitzsaid,“Ireally____33____thehelpfromthosefamilies.Itfeelsnicetosaveanimalsfromareas____34____bysevereweatheranditis____35____tomakealltheefforts.”21.A.sight B.shelter C.cave D.reserve22.A.challenge B.demand C.destination D.measure23.A.insteadof B.otherthan C.becauseof D.ratherthan24.A.giveup B.makeout C.searchfor D.takein25.A.attract B.rescue C.quit D.transport26.A.supporters B.survivals C.experts D.workers27.A.Obviously B.Immediately C.Luckily D.Actually28.A.curious B.calm C.awkward D.anxious29.A.attack B.damage C.pressure D.emergency30.A.Moreover B.Therefore C.However D.Otherwise31.A.destroyed B.removed C.established D.changed32.A.exchange B.explore C.recommend D.deliver33.A.request B.appreciate C.promote D.supply34.A.affected B.controlled C.prevented D.reduced35.A.confident B.responsible C.worthwhile D.unusual【答案】21.B22.A23.C24.D25.B26.A27.C28.D29.B30.C31.A32.D33.B34.A35.C【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了今年最强大的飓风袭击了弗吉尼亚州的海岸线，幸运狗动物救援组织计划将受灾难影响的21只狗送到南卡罗来纳州的一个避难所，一路上他们得到了许多人的帮助。【21题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：幸运狗动物救援组织计划将受灾难影响的21只狗送到南卡罗来纳州的一个避难所，随着海岸附近的人们撤离，那里变得拥挤不堪。A.sight视力；B.shelter收容所，避难所；C.cave洞穴；D.reserve保护区。根据上文“affectedbythedisaster”可知这些动物受到灾难影响，被送到避难所。故选B。【22题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“这是一个双重挑战，”她说。A.challenge挑战；B.demand要求；C.destination目的地；D.measure措施。后文“HergroupfoundithardtohelpthedogsaswellasdrivethemfromVirginiatoSouthCarolina”提到她的团队发现既要帮助这些狗，又要开车把它们从弗吉尼亚送到南卡罗来纳，所以是双重挑战。故选A。【23题详析】考查介词短语辨析。句意：她所在的小组发现很难帮助这些狗，也很难把它们从弗吉尼亚州赶到南卡罗来纳州，因为要开7个小时的车。A.insteadof而不是；B.otherthan除了；C.becauseof因为；D.ratherthan而不是。根据上文“Hergroupfoundithard”可知，觉得困难是因为要开7个小时的车。故选C。【24题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：最后，他们必须确保有足够的家庭收养这些狗。A.giveup放弃；B.makeout理解；C.searchfor寻找；D.takein收留，吸收。根据上文“therewereenoughfamiliesto”可知，他们必须确保有足够的家庭收养这些狗。故选D。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：周末，该组织试图从南卡罗来纳州救出更多的狗。A.attract吸引；B.rescue救援；C.quit停止；D.transport运输。根据上文“ThemostpowerfulhurricaneintheyearwascrashingintocoastlinesinVirginia.(今年最强大的飓风袭击了弗吉尼亚州的海岸线)”可知，该组织试图从南卡罗来纳州救出更多的狗。故选B。【26题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：霍洛维茨和她的同事们决定收养一些狗，并在当晚给支持者们发了电子邮件，寻找收养这些狗的家庭。A.supporters支持者；B.survivals生存；C.experts专家；D.workers工人。根据后文“thatnightlookingforfamiliestoadoptthedogs”指给支持者们发了电子邮件，寻找收养这些狗的家庭。故选A。【27题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，经过几个小时的焦急等待，直到凌晨2点，他们得到了许多愿意帮助他们的人的回复。A.Obviously显然；B.Immediately立即；C.Luckily幸运地；D.Actually实际上。根据后文“peoplewhowerewillingtohelp”可知，幸运的是有很多人愿意帮助。故选C。【28题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，经过几个小时的焦急等待，直到凌晨2点，他们得到了许多愿意帮助他们的人的回复。A.curious好奇的；B.calm平静的；C.awkward尴尬的；D.anxious焦虑的。根据上文““Wehadtofindpeopletotakethoseanimalsbetween10p.m.and6a.m.”Horowitzsaid.(霍洛维茨说:“我们必须找人在晚上10点到早上6点之间照顾这些动物。”)”可知，时间短暂，所以是焦急等待。故选D。【29题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：到目前为止，那里是飓风造成破坏最严重的地方。A.attack攻击；B.damage破坏；C.pressure压力；D.emergency紧急情况。根据上文“hurricanehadcausedthemost”此处指飓风造成破坏最严重的地方。故选B。【30题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，他们听到洪水摧毁了避难所的报道。A.Moreover此外；B.Therefore因此；C.However然而；D.Otherwise否则。结合前后文语境可知为转折关系，应用however。故选C。【31题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，他们听到洪水摧毁了避难所的报道。A.destroyed破坏；B.removed去除；C.established建立；D.changed改变。根据上文“theyheardreportsofheavyfloodingthathad”可知，洪水摧毁了避难所。故选A。【32题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：霍洛维茨的小组还有一架直升机，随时准备提供航班运送一些紧急物资。A.exchange交换；B.explore探索；C.recommend推荐；D.deliver递送。根据后文“someemergencysupplies”指直升机运用紧急物资。故选D。【33题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：霍洛维茨说:“我真的很感谢这些家庭的帮助。”A.request要求；B.appreciate感激；C.promote促进；D.supply供应。根据后文“thehelpfromthosefamilies”可知，她感谢这些家庭的帮助。故选B。【34题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：从受恶劣天气影响的地区拯救动物感觉很好，所有的努力都是值得的。A.affected影响；B.controlled控制；C.prevented阻止；D.reduced减少。呼应上文“affectedbythedisaster”指受恶劣天气影响的地区。故选A。【35题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从受恶劣天气影响的地区拯救动物感觉很好，所有的努力都是值得的。A.confident自信的；B.responsible负责的；C.worthwhile值得的；D.unusual不寻常的。根据上文“Itfeelsnicetosaveanimals”提到从受恶劣天气影响的地区拯救动物感觉很好，所以她认为所有的努力都是值得的。故选C。第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Huangshan,alsoknown____36____theYellowMountains,isoneofChina’smostpopulartraveldestinations.Itisfamousforitsfive____37____(wonder):odd-shapedpines(奇松)，spectacularrockypeaks(怪石),seaofclouds,hotsprings,andwintersnow.Ivisitedittwoyearsago,spendingthreedaysexploringthearea.Onthefirstday,IcheckedintoahotelinTangkouzhen,alittletownatthefootofthemountain.Intherestaurant____38____wasalsorunbythehotelowner,IateanentirefishcalledstinkyMandarinfishbymyself.Thelocalfoodwasdelicious!Thenextmorning,abustookmetothebaseofYunguRopeway.Aftera15-minuterideonthecablecar,I____39____(see)wonderfulviewsofHuangshan.Ispent____40____restofthemorningvisitingsightssuchastheMonkeyWatchingtheSeaviewpointbeforemaking____41____(I)waytoahotelonthemountain.Afterrelaxingforabit,IheadedofftoDanxiaPeak____42____(catch)thesunset.Atanelevation(海拔)of1,625meters,DanxiaPeakgavemeasweepingviewofthemountainsbelow.Onthethirdday,IhikedthroughtheWestSeaGrandCanyon.Itwaskindof____43____(challenge)formetohikedownwards,buttheviewswereextremelyamazing.Whatimpressedmemostwasthelast____44____(attract)ofmytrip:Guest-GreetingPine.Whileadmiringit,Ifelt____45