重庆某学校2025-2026学年高二上学期1月期末考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1重庆某学校2025-2026学年高二上学期1月期末英语试题第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ANationalHighSchoolShortFilmContestShortfilmsareapowerfulmediumforstorytelling,includingdramaticnarrativesandbriefdocumentaries.Toshowcasehighschoolstudents’visionandcreativity,theNationalHighSchoolShortFilmContestisnowopenforparticipation.Essentialentryinformationisasfollows:ContestGuidelines●Eligibility:Studentsingrades10through12nationwide.●ParticipationMode:Individualparticipationorteamparticipation(maximum5membersperteam)●Theme:Opentoanytopic.Worksfocusingoncampuslife,localcultureorenvironmentalissuesareparticularlywelcome.Explorationoftopicsfromuniqueteenageperspectivesandexpressionofdiverseviewpointsonsocialdebatesareencouraged.●Requirements:Filmsshallbe3—7minuteslong;originalbackgroundmusicispermitted.●SubmissionDeadline:March15,2026.JudgingCriteriaEntrieswillbeevaluatedbyjudgesbasedonthreekeydimensions,withthreeawardstobegranted:BestStory,BestCreativityandBestTechnicalProduction.Thespecificjudgingcriteriaandpercentagedistributionareshowninthetablebelow:CriteriaPercentageFocusContent&Structure40%·Clearandmeaningfulmessages(15%)·Engagingstorytelling(20%)·Well-organizedscenes(5%)Creativity&Style40%·Originalityandfreshideas(25%)·Emotionalorthoughtfulimpact(15%)TechnicalQuality20%·Clearaudioandvisualpresentation(Note:Effortmattersmorethanprofessionalequipment)Joinusandshareyourvoiceandcreativitywithawideraudience!ContestOrganizingCommittee1.What’sthemaxteammembersintheshortfilmcontest?A.3 B.5 C.7 D.102.Whichshortfilmismostlikelyfavoredbytheorganizers?A.Oneonasummervacationtrip. B.Oneonsolutionstoairpollution.C.Oneintroducingafamousdirector. D.Oneshowingprofessionalanimation.3.Whatcanwelearnfromthejudgingcriteria?A.AclearmessageistheonlykeytowinningBestStory.B.Advancedfilmingequipmentisessentialforhighscores.C.Originalityandfreshideasholdsignificantweightinscoring.D.Emotionalorthoughtfulimpactisthemostcriticalpartofjudging.【答案】1.B2.B3.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是全国高中短片电影大赛的相关信息。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据ContestGuidelines部分“●ParticipationMode:Individualparticipationorteamparticipation(maximum5membersperteam)(个人参赛或团队参赛（每队最多5名成员）)”可知，短片比赛的参赛团队最多能有5个人。故选B。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据ContestGuidelines部分“●Theme:Opentoanytopic.Worksfocusingoncampuslife,localcultureorenvironmentalissuesareparticularlywelcome.(主题不限。尤其欢迎以校园生活、地方文化或环境问题为主题的作品。)”可知，一部关于空气污染解决方案的短片最有可能受到主办方的青睐。故选B。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据JudgingCriteria部分表格里的“Creativity&Style(创意与风格)”占40%以及该栏右侧的“Originalityandfreshideas(25%)(原创性与新颖想法（25%）)”可知，从评审标准中我们能了解到原创性和新颖想法在评分中占有重要地位。故选C。BLastweekend,Itookmy2-year-oldgrandson,Rio,tothepark.Mygoalwastogethimoutsidetoburnsomeenergyandteachhimabouttheducks.Hehadnogoals.Two-year-oldsdon’tneedgoals.ThatwasthefirstlessonIlearnedthatday.Hehadasenseofwonder.Assoonasweenteredthepark,helookedupattheskyandfoundjoyinwatchingtheclouds.Next,hestaredatthetrees,laughingashetriedtocatchtherustlingleaves.Atthatmoment,nothingcouldhaveamusedhimmore.Hiscuriositywasconstant,endless.Hewasalwaysonthesearchforsticks.Hescrapedthegroundwiththem,rappedadrumbeatwiththemontreesandbenches,andwavedthemintheairlikeaflag.Nothoughtofastickbeingusedasaweapon.Noneedfortoysorelectronicdevices,unlikeathome.Juststicks.Therewereafewkidsplayingandaregularprocessionofpeopleoutfortheirmorningdogwalk.Riosaidhitoeveryoneandstuckouthishandforahigh-fivewithafew4-and5-year-olds,whoweren’tsurehowtorespond.Buttheyallsaidhiback.Hetriedtostrikeupconversationswithenthusiasm.Itwasclearhedidn’tcarewhatpeoplelookedlikeorhowoldtheywere.Nojudgment.Nofear.Justasinceredesiretoconnect.MybiggestrevelationwasthatRiowasfullypresentnomatterwhathewasdoing.Heneveraskedwhattimeitwas,whenwewereleaving,orwhatweweregoingtodonext.Hewas,everysecond,completelyandabsolutelyinthemoment.Ihadexpectedtobetheteacher,butIhaditbackward.Mygrandsonhelpedmerememberthingswe’rebornknowingbutforgetintheprocessofbecominganadult.4.Whatwastheauthor’sfirstlessonatthepark?A.Theparkwasidealforteaching. B.plannedactivitiesboredchildren.C.Hisplandidn’tfitachild’snature. D.Hisgoalswerenotclearenough.5.WhydidtheauthordescribehowRioplayedwithsticks?A.Tolistallpossiblestickfunctions.B.Towarnaboutthedangersofsticks.C.ToshowRio’swonderandcreativity.D.Tocomparestickswithelectronicdevices.6.WhatcanbeinferredaboutRiofromparagraph3?A.Hewastooyoungtorespondproperly.B.Hepreferredtalkingtochildrenofhisage.C.Hegreetedotherstoseekpositivefeedback.D.Hewasopentoconnectionswithothers.7.Whatdoestheauthor’sexperienceshow?A.Thevalueoffamilyoutings. B.Thelostwisdomofliving.C.Theharmofsettinggoals. D.Thewaytodevelopcuriosity.【答案】4.C5.C6.D7.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者带两岁的孙子Rio去公园，本想教孙子认识事物，却从孙子身上领悟到诸多道理：孩子对世界满怀好奇、待人无评判无畏惧且真诚渴望与人联结，更能全然活在当下，这番经历也让作者重拾那些长大成人后渐渐遗忘的本心。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Mygoalwastogethimoutsidetoburnsomeenergyandteachhimabouttheducks.Hehadnogoals.Two-year-oldsdon'tneedgoals.ThatwasthefirstlessonIlearnedthatday.(我本想带他到户外消耗些精力，还想教他认识小鸭子。可他压根没什么目的——两岁的孩子本就不需要目的，这是我那天学到的第一课。)”可知，作者带着明确的目的去公园，却发现两岁的孩子本就不需要所谓的目标，这是他学到的第一课，即他的计划不符合孩子的天性。故选C。【5题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Hehadasenseofwonder.Assoonasweenteredthepark,helookedupattheskyandfoundjoyinwatchingtheclouds.Next,hestaredatthetrees,laughingashetriedtocatchtherustlingleaves.Atthatmoment,nothingcouldhaveamusedhimmore.Hiscuriositywasconstant,endless.Hewasalwaysonthesearchforsticks.Hescrapedthegroundwiththem,rappedadrumbeatwiththemontreesandbenches,andwavedthemintheairlikeaflag.(他对世间万物都满怀好奇。我们刚进公园，他就抬头望向天空，望着流云悠悠飘过，便乐得眉眼弯弯。接着，他又盯着路边的树瞧，伸手去抓沙沙作响的落叶，一边抓一边笑，那一刻，没有什么比这更能让他欢喜的了。他的好奇心从未停歇，无穷无尽。他总爱捡树枝玩：拿着树枝扒拉地面，敲着树和长椅打出鼓点似的节奏，还把树枝像小旗子一样在空中挥舞。)”可知，本段核心围绕Rio对世界满怀好奇展开，作者详细描述他把玩树枝的多种方式，是为了具体体现出Rio的这份好奇心，以及他用简单树枝创造出不同玩法的想象力和创造力。故选C。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Riosaidhitoeveryoneandstuckouthishandforahigh-fivewithafew4-and5-year-olds,whoweren'tsurehowtorespond.Buttheyallsaidhiback.Hetriedtostrikeupconversationswithenthusiasm.Itwasclearhedidn'tcarewhatpeoplelookedlikeorhowoldtheywere.Nojudgment.Nofear.Justasinceredesiretoconnect.(Rio跟每个人都热情打招呼，还伸出小手，想和几个四五岁的小朋友击掌。那些孩子一时竟不知该如何回应，却也都笑着跟他回了声招呼。他兴致勃勃地想跟所有人搭话，显然，他从不在意别人的模样、年龄几何。不妄加评判，无丝毫胆怯，唯有一颗想要与人亲近的真心。)”可知，Rio主动和公园里的所有人打招呼、尝试搭话，不在意对方的外貌和年龄，毫无评判与恐惧，只有真诚想要与人联结的心愿，由此可推断出他乐于敞开心扉和他人建立联结。故选D。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Ihadexpectedtobetheteacher,butIhaditbackward.Mygrandsonhelpedmerememberthingswe’rebornknowingbutforgetintheprocessofbecominganadult.(我本以为自己是那个施教的人，结果却恰恰相反。我的小孙子，让我记起了那些我们生来就懂，却在长大成人的过程中渐渐遗忘的本心与道理。)”以及上文提到的Rio展现的活在当下、对世界满怀好奇、真诚无芥蒂地与人联结等特质可知，作者的这段经历，核心是从孙子身上重拾了那些人类生来就懂，却在长大成人的过程中逐渐遗忘的生活智慧，也让作者体会到了这份遗失的智慧的珍贵。故选B。CThoughspidersoftendrawattentionfortheirstrangetraits,biologistXimenaNelsonoftheUniversityofCanterburyvaluesthemfortheirsurprisinglycomplexbrains.Over30yearsofresearchhasuncoveredthatspidersexhibitdiverseadvancedbehaviors,includingcomplexcommunication,problem-solving,learning,andevenpotentialcountingability.Withover52,000knownspecies,thesecreaturesdeservedeeperunderstanding.Allspidersshareacloseevolutionaryrelationship,featuringtwobodypartsandeightlegs,buttheyvarywidelyineyecount,sensoryreliance,respiration(呼吸)modesandwebusage.Whatastonishesresearchersmostistheircognitiveabilitydespitetinybrains—jumpingspiders’brainsarenobiggerthanpoppyseeds.Newlyhatchedjumpingspiderlings,merelyamillimeterlong,huntlikesmall-sizedleopards,usingvisiontotrackandleaponprey(猎物),demonstratingefficientneural(神经的)processingwithfarfewerneuronsthanadults.Evidencesuggestsspiderscanplanahead.ExperimentsonPortia,ageniusamongjumpingspiders,showtheycanlocatepreyfromafar,losesightofit,andthenapproachfrombehind.Watermaze(迷宫)testsfurtherconfirmthis:jumpingspiders,whichavoidwater,choosethesafestexitroutemorethan25%ofthetime,indicatingtheyassessrisksinadvance.Spidersalsodisplayindividualcognitivedifferences,withsomefarmoreskilledattasksthanothers.Whilemanybehaviorslikeweb-buildingandhuntingarenatural,practicerefinestheseskills,andspidersshowflexibility—repairingdamagedwebsinstantlywhenthreadsarecut.Numerousquestionsaboutspidercognitionremain.Comparativestudies,suchasexploringwhetherspecialistspiderpredators(whichhuntdangerouspreylikeotherspiders)havemoreadvancedcognitiveskillsthangeneralists,couldunlockmoresecretsabouthowgenesandenvironmentshapethesetinybutremarkablecreatures’intelligence.8.Whatcanwelearnaboutspidersfromthefirstparagraph?A.Theyshowvarioushigh-levelbehaviours.B.Over52,000specieshavebeenfullystudied.C.Theirstrangefeaturesattractmostresearchers.D.Theircountingabilityiscompletelyconfirmed.9.WhatdotheexperimentsonPortiaandwatermazesprove?A.Spidersrelyonmemoryforlostprey.B.Spidersavoidwatertohunteffectively.C.Spidersmakefuture-focusedchoicesandjudgerisks.D.Spidersoutperformothercreaturesinproblem-solving.10.Whatdoes“refines”inparagraph4probablymean?A.Improves. B.Simplifies. C.Changes. D.Creates.11.Whatisthemainideaofthelastparagraph?A.Specialistspidersaredefinitelysmarterthangeneralists.B.Manymysteriesaboutspidercognitionremainunsolved.C.Comparativestudieshaverevealedgene-environmentlinks.D.Researchershavefullyexplainedhowspiderintelligencedevelops.【答案】8.A9.C10.A11.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍研究发现蜘蛛拥有复杂的大脑和多样的高级行为，阐述其超前规划、风险评估等认知能力，还指出蜘蛛认知仍有诸多未解之谜待探索。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Over30yearsofresearchhasuncoveredthatspidersexhibitdiverseadvancedbehaviors,includingcomplexcommunication,problem-solving,learning,andevenpotentialcountingability.(30多年的研究发现，蜘蛛表现出多种多样的高级行为，包括复杂的交流、解决问题、学习，甚至还有潜在的计数能力)”可知，蜘蛛展现出多种类型的高级行为。故选A项。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“ExperimentsonPortia,ageniusamongjumpingspiders,showtheycanlocatepreyfromafar,losesightofit,andthenapproachfrombehind.Watermaze(迷宫)testsfurtherconfirmthis:jumpingspiders,whichavoidwater,choosethesafestexitroutemorethan25%ofthetime,indicatingtheyassessrisksinadvance.(对跳蛛中的天才波西亚的实验表明，它们能远距离定位猎物，在失去猎物视野后，从后方接近猎物。水迷宫测试进一步证实了这一点：不喜水的跳蛛有超过25%的时间会选择最安全的出口路线，这表明它们会提前评估风险)”可知，对波西亚和水迷宫的实验证明了蜘蛛会做出着眼未来的选择，还能判断风险。故选C项。【10题详析】词句猜测题。根据第四段中的“Whilemanybehaviorslikeweb-buildingandhuntingarenatural,practicerefinestheseskills,andspidersshowflexibility—repairingdamagedwebsinstantlywhenthreadsarecut.(虽然结网、捕猎等许多行为是蜘蛛的本能，但练习会refines这些技能，而且蜘蛛表现出很强的灵活性——当蛛丝被弄断时，它们会立即修复受损的蛛网)”可知，本能的技能经过练习会得到提升，且后文的灵活表现也印证了这一点，因此“refines”的意思是“改进、提升”，与improve意义相近。故选A项。【11题详析】主旨大意题。根据最后一段中的“Numerousquestionsaboutspidercognitionremain.Comparativestudies,suchasexploringwhetherspecialistspiderpredators(whichhuntdangerouspreylikeotherspiders)havemoreadvancedcognitiveskillsthangeneralists,couldunlockmoresecretsabouthowgenesandenvironmentshapethesetinybutremarkablecreatures’intelligence.(关于蜘蛛认知的诸多问题仍未解开。对比研究，比如探究专门捕食其他蜘蛛等危险猎物的蜘蛛是否比广食性蜘蛛拥有更高级的认知能力，可能会揭开更多关于基因和环境如何塑造这些微小却非凡的生物的智力的秘密)”可知，最后一段的主旨是关于蜘蛛认知的许多奥秘仍未被解开。故选B项。D“Parasocial”hasbeennamedCambridgeDictionary’sWordoftheYearfor2025andithastodowithrelationships.Itisaone-sidedemotionalbondthatsomeoneformswithapublicfigure(likeacelebrityorinternetinfluencer),despiteneverhavingmetthem,orwithafictionalcharacterandevenAI.Itisnotanewconcept.Itwasactuallycoinedinthe1950sbysociologistsDonaldHortonandRichardWohltodescribethetendencyofaudiencestofeelasiftheyknewtheTVhostspersonally.Today,theinternetandsocialmediahavenotonlyfueledtheriseofpersonalrelationshipsbetweencelebritiesandtheirfollowers,buttheyhavealsoremovedthetraditionalboundariesbetweenthem.Nowadays,theycanfollowtheirfavouritestarsonlivestreamsandevensendthemmessagesinthehopeofreceivingareply.Thishascreatedashift,whichcanbebothpositiveandnegative.Onthepositiveside,parasocialconnectionscanbesafeasthere’snosocialpressureorfearofjudgment.Forexample,astreamerwhosharesdailyvlogs,talksopenlyabouttheirfearsandgoals,andaddressestheirviewerslikeclosefriendscanevokeemotionalties.Followersmightcelebratetheirsuccesses,empathizewiththeirstrugglesandtrusttheiradvice.Ifthestreamerisrelatable,theycanbecomfortingtowatch,especiallyinanincreasinglylonelyworld,particularlyamongyoungpeople.Butthere’sadarkerside.TheCambridgeteamhighlightedrelationshipswithAIchatbotsandtherisksoftreatingthemascompanionsortherapists.Whileabotmightsay,“I’msorryyoufailedyourexam,”itisn’texpressingrealempathy.Itisonlyreplyingthelanguageitwastrainedon.They’vealsobeenknowntoshareharmfulcontent,distortrealityandgivedangerousadvice.Theycanneverbethefriendsandeventhoughtheymightoccasionallyhelporganizeyourthoughts,it’sessentialtorememberthattheydon’thaveanyfeelings.Whenkeptinbalancewithreal-lifefriendships,parasocialrelationshipscanbeenjoyableandharmless.Understandinghowtheseone-sidedbondsworkhelpsusstaymindful,groundedandincontrolofwhatshapesouremotions.12.Whatcanwelearnabout“parasocial”fromparagraph1?A.Itonlyappliestocelebrities. B.Itisanewlyinventedword.C.Itwasfirstusedinthe1950s. D.Itreferstotwo-wayfriendships.13.Howdosocialmediaaffectparasocialrelationshipstoday?A.Theylimitfans’accesstolive-streaminteractions.B.Theyturnone-sidedbondsintomutualfriendships.C.Theyreducethepopularityofparasocialconnections.D.Theynarrowthesenseofdistancebetweenstarsandfans.14.Whatisapositivesideofparasocialconnections?A.Theymakepeoplemorecaring. B.Theycanreplacerealfriendships.C.Theyreducereal-lifesocialpressure. D.Theybringsafeemotionalsupport.15.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.ParasocialBonds:BalanceMatters B.HowtoUseSocialMediaSafelyC.Parasocial:2025’sWordoftheYear D.AIChatbots:NewFriendsorRisks【答案】12.C13.D14.D15.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“准社交”获评《剑桥词典》2025年度词汇，介绍了其定义、起源，说明网络社交媒体推动了这类单向情感联结的发展，分析了其能带来情感慰藉、无社交压力的积极面，以及与AI建立该关系存在的各类风险等消极面，最后指出其与现实友谊平衡时便愉悦无害，理解其运作能帮助人们把控自身情绪。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Itisaone-sidedemotionalbondthatsomeoneformswithapublicfigure(likeacelebrityorinternetinfluencer),despiteneverhavingmetthem,orwithafictionalcharacterandevenAI.Itisnotanewconcept.Itwasactuallycoinedinthe1950sbysociologistsDonaldHortonandRichardWohltodescribethetendencyofaudiencestofeelasiftheyknewtheTVhostspersonally.(它指的是人们与公众人物（如名人、网红），或是虚构角色、甚至人工智能之间，建立起的一种单向情感联结——即便双方从未谋面。这并非新概念，事实上，它是20世纪50年代由社会学家DonaldHorton和RichardWohl创造的，用以描述观众总会产生“自己私下认识电视主持人”的那种心理倾向。)”可知，“准社交”这一概念并非新词，于20世纪50年代被创造出来，其适用对象不仅有名人，还有虚构角色、AI等，且是一种单向的情感联结。故选C。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Today,theinternetandsocialmediahavenotonlyfueledtheriseofpersonalrelationshipsbetweencelebritiesandtheirfollowers,buttheyhavealsoremovedthetraditionalboundariesbetweenthem.Nowadays,theycanfollowtheirfavouritestarsonlivestreamsandevensendthemmessagesinthehopeofreceivingareply.(如今，网络与社交媒体不仅助推了名人与其粉丝之间这类特殊联结的增多，还打破了二者之间传统的界限。当下，人们可以通过直播关注自己喜爱的明星，甚至给他们发消息，期待能得到回复。)”可知，如今社交媒体不仅助推了名人与粉丝间准社交关系的发展，还打破了二者间的传统界限，粉丝能通过直播关注明星、发消息互动，这让明星与粉丝之间的距离感被拉近。故选D。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Onthepositiveside,parasocialconnectionscanbesafeasthere’snosocialpressureorfearofjudgment.Forexample,astreamerwhosharesdailyvlogs,talksopenlyabouttheirfearsandgoals,andaddressestheirviewerslikeclosefriendscanevokeemotionalties.Followersmightcelebratetheirsuccesses,empathizewiththeirstrugglesandtrusttheiradvice.Ifthestreamerisrelatable,theycanbecomfortingtowatch,especiallyinanincreasinglylonelyworld,particularlyamongyoungpeople.(从积极角度来看，准社交联结是一种无压力的情感联结，不存在社交层面的压力，也无需担心被他人评判。比如，某位博主会发布日常视频博客，坦诚分享自己的顾虑与目标，还像对待密友一般和观众交流，这样的方式便能与观众建立起情感联结。粉丝们会为博主的成功喝彩，对其遭遇的困境感同身受，也会信赖其给出的建议。如果这位博主足够接地气、让人有共鸣，观看其内容便能带来慰藉——这一点在愈发充斥着孤独感的当下尤为重要，对年轻人而言更是如此。)”可知，准社交联结的积极面在于其本身是安全的，能建立情感联结并为人们带来情感上的慰藉与支持，即能提供安全的情感支持。故选D。【15题详析】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段““Parasocial”hasbeennamedCambridgeDictionary’sWordoftheYearfor2025andithastodowithrelationships.(“准社交”一词获评《剑桥词典》2025年度词汇，该词与人际关系息息相关。)”以及全文内容可知，文章先介绍“准社交”的定义、起源及获评《剑桥词典》2025年度词汇的背景，再分析社交媒体对其发展的推动作用，接着分述其积极面与以AI相关风险为核心的消极面，最终指出准社交关系需与现实友谊保持平衡，才能成为愉悦无害的存在。选项A“ParasocialBonds:BalanceMatters(准社交联结：平衡至关重要)”精准契合全文的核心主旨，是对文章整体内容的高度概括。故选A。第二节(共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtoTreatDrySkininWinterWinterskincanbecomemuchdrier,anditseffectscanbeseenallover—includingpeeling(脱皮的)skinonthefaceandroughhands—sometimesleadingtopainfulcrackingandbleeding.____16____.“Themostimportantthingistomoisturize(保湿),andtodosofrequently”,saidDr.JenniferStein,adermatology(皮肤病学)specialist.Sherecommendsusinga“thickmoisturizer”likeacreamorointment(软膏)—especiallyrightaftershowering,____17____—andreapplyingitoften.Payingspecialattentiontoareasthataremorelikelytogetdrycouldalsobeuseful.“Forpeoplewhowashtheirhandsalot,it’sgoingtobethebacksoftheirhands.Andthen,thereareotherspotsthatdryoutmorenoticeablyovertime,____18____,it’stheirlegs,”Steinsaid.“Thelowerlegsgetverydry.”____19____,whenshoppingformoisturizers,butDr.RogerKuptoonmentionedafewkeyingredientsthathelptoattractandlockinwater.“Forreallyneedyskin,gotosomequickhydration(快速补水)oil.Bothhydrationoilandglycerin(甘油)canworkwell.Healsorecommendspairinghydratingingredientswithnicotinamide(烟酰胺)aformofvitaminB3tostronglyenhancetheskinbarrier.Ahotbathorshowermightbehardtoresistafteryoustepoutofthecoldbutexpertsrecommendlimitingtheamountoftimeyouspendinhotwater.Theysuggestthatshowersshouldbelimitedtofivetosevenminutesnot30to45minutes,Kuptoonsaidthathotshowerscausetheskin’snaturaloils,whichhelptotrapmoisture,togoaway.“____20____,butwarmbutnothotshowersofuptotenminutesatatimearebestduringthewinter,”hesaid.A.whentheskinisstillwetB.especiallyaspeoplegetolderC.It’snotwhatyouwouldnormallythinkD.ToomuchwaterexposurewilldryyourskinE.It’seasytofeeloverwhelmedbytheendlessoptionsF.Luckily,itisaproblemthatonlyaffectspeoplewithsensitiveskinG.Thereareways,though,toprotectyourskinbeforeseveredrynesssetsin【答案】16.G17.A18.B19.E20.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要阐述冬季皮肤易干燥，介绍了保湿、选护肤品成分及控制洗澡时间等应对办法。【16题详析】上文“Winterskincanbecomemuchdrier,anditseffectscanbeseenallover—includingpeeling(脱皮的)skinonthefaceandroughhands—sometimesleadingtopainfulcrackingandbleeding.(冬季皮肤会变得干燥得多，其影响随处可见——包括脸部脱皮和手部粗糙——有时还会导致疼痛的开裂和出血)”说明冬季皮肤干燥带来的问题。空后开始介绍应对冬季皮肤干燥的方法。空处和前文为转折关系，引出有办法应对干燥问题。选项G“Thereareways,though,toprotectyourskinbeforeseveredrynesssetsin(不过，在严重干燥来临之前，有一些方法可以保护你的皮肤)”符合语境。G选项中的“though”表示转折，引出后文应对方法，符合语境。故选G。【17题详析】上文“Sherecommendsusinga“thickmoisturizer”likeacreamorointment(软膏)—especiallyrightaftershowering(她建议使用像乳霜或软膏这样的“浓稠保湿剂”——尤其是在洗完澡后)”说明洗完澡后使用浓稠保湿剂。空处和前文为顺接关系，进一步说明使用保湿剂的时间。选项A“whentheskinisstillwet(当皮肤还湿润的时候)”符合语境。A选项中的“when”引导时间状语从句，说明在皮肤湿润时使用保湿剂，与前文“rightaftershowering”相呼应，符合语境。故选A。【18题详析】上文“Andthen,thereareotherspotsthatdryoutmorenoticeablyovertime(然后，随着时间的推移，还有其他部位会明显变干)”说明有些部位会随时间变干。空后“it’stheirlegs(是他们的腿)”举例说明哪个部位会变干。空处和前后文为顺接关系，进一步说明变干和年龄的关系。选项B“especiallyaspeoplegetolder(尤其是随着年龄的增长)”符合语境。B选项中的“especially”表示递进，说明随着年龄增长，皮肤干燥问题更明显，与后文“theirlegs”相呼应，符合语境。故选B。【19题详析】后文“whenshoppingformoisturizers,butDr.RogerKuptoonmentionedafewkeyingredientsthathelptoattractandlockinwater.(但在购买保湿剂时，罗杰·库普顿博士提到了几种有助于吸引和锁住水分的关键成分)”说明购买保湿剂时的情况。空处应说明购买保湿剂时面临的问题。选项E“It’seasytofeeloverwhelmedbytheendlessoptions(面对无穷无尽的选择，很容易感到不知所措)”符合语境。E选项中的“endlessoptions”与后文“afewkeyingredients”形成对比，说明购买保湿剂时选择多，容易不知所措，符合语境。故选E。【20题详析】上文“Kuptoonsaidthathotshowerscausetheskin’snaturaloils,whichhelptotrapmoisture,togoaway.(库普顿说，热水澡会导致皮肤上的天然油脂流失，而这些油脂有助于锁住水分)”说明热水澡对皮肤的影响。空后“butwarmbutnothotshowersofuptotenminutesatatimearebestduringthewinter(但冬天最好每次洗10分钟的温水澡，而不是热水澡)”说明冬天适合的洗澡方式。空处和前后文为转折关系，进一步说明热水澡的问题。选项D“Toomuchwaterexposurewilldryyourskin(过多的水接触会使你的皮肤干燥)”符合语境。D选项中的“Toomuchwaterexposure”与前文“hotshowers”相呼应，说明热水澡导致皮肤干燥的原因，与后文“warmbutnothotshowers”形成对比，符合语境。故选D。第三部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节完形填空(共15小题，每小题1分，共15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A，B，C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ItwasatypicalholidayseasonfortheOrlandofamily.GinaandVincentwere____21____theirChristmastreewiththeirthreeyoungchildren.Theroomwasfilledwith____22____andlaughter.AsGinaturnedtohangdecorations,shesuddenly____23____hertwo-year-oldsonwasunusuallyquiet.Tohershock,thelittleboyhadmanagedtogethishead____24____insideaclearplasticcontainer—thepackagingfromaChristmasbauble(装饰球).PanicimmediatelysetinforGina.She____25____hemightnotbeabletobreathe.____26____,herhusbandVincentremainedcalm.Hefirsttriedusingscissorstocarefully____27____theplasticfromthebottom.Whenthatprovedtricky,hegentlytorethecontaineropenfromthetop,____28____theboywithinseconds.Throughouttheincident,theirsongiggled,thinkingitwasa____29____game,whilehissisterslaughedinthebackground.Later,Ginasharedthevideoonline,whereitquickly____30____.Manyparentscommentedthattheyhadexperiencedsimilar____31____moments.Theincidenthighlightedthemixofstressand____32____thatcomeswithraisingyoungchildren.Despitethemessand____33____,theseunexpectedmomentsoftenbecomethemostcherished____34____—remindingusthatlove,____35____,andasenseofhumorarewhattrulymakeafamilycelebrationspecialandunforgettable.21.A.painting B.building C.cleaning D.decorating22.A.peace B.tension C.excitement D.anxiety23.A.saw B.noticed C.glared D.scanned24.A.stack B.buried C.fixed D.blocked25.A.feared B.assumed C.doubted D.suspected26.A.Therefore B.Meanwhile C.However D.Besides27.A.tear B.open C.break D.cut28.A.protecting B.freeing C.separating D.removing29.A.fun B.serious C.dangerous D.mysterious30.A.setup B.spreadout C.brokeout D.wentviral31.A.amusing B.alarming C.ordinary D.disturbing32.A.anger B.frustration C.delight D.relaxation33.A.worry B.exhaustion C.cautiousness D.confusion34.A.documents B.possessions C.souvenirs D.memories35.A.understanding B.calmness C.kindness D.courage【答案】21.D22.C23.B24.C25.A26.C27.D28.B29.A30.D31.B32.C33.A34.D35.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是Orlando一家在假日期间发生的一个既惊险又温馨的小插曲。【21题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：吉娜和文森特正和三个年幼的孩子一起装饰圣诞树。A.painting绘画；B.building建造；C.cleaning打扫；D.decorating装饰。根据后文“hangdecorations”可知，此处指装饰圣诞树，故选D。【22题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：房间里充满了兴奋和笑声。A.peace和平；B.tension紧张；C.excitement兴奋；D.anxiety焦虑。根据后文“andlaughter”可知，装饰圣诞树时房间里充满了兴奋和笑声，故选C。【23题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当吉娜转身挂装饰品时，她突然注意到两岁的儿子异常安静。A.saw看见；B.noticed注意到；C.glared怒视；D.scanned扫描。根据后文“hertwo-year-oldsonwasunusuallyquiet”可知，吉娜注意到儿子异常安静，故选B。【24题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：令她震惊的是，小男孩把头卡进了一个透明的塑料容器里——那是圣诞装饰球的包装。A.stack堆叠；B.buried埋葬；C.fixed固定；D.blocked阻挡。根据后文“insideaclearplasticcontainer”可知，儿子的头卡在了塑料容器里，也就是被固定在了容器里，故选C。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她担心他可能无法呼吸。A.feared害怕，担心；B.assumed假设；C.doubted怀疑；D.suspected怀疑。根据后文“hemightnotbeabletobreathe”可知，吉娜担心儿子无法呼吸，故选A。【26题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，她的丈夫文森特保持冷静。A.Therefore因此；B.Meanwhile同时；C.However然而；D.Besides此外。上文提到吉娜惊慌失措，后文提到文森特保持冷静，前后为转折关系，空格处是“然而”。故选C。【27题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他首先尝试用剪刀小心地从底部剪开塑料。A.tear撕开；B.open打开；C.break打破；D.cut剪。根据上文“usingscissors”可知，此处指用剪刀剪开塑料，故选D。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当这证明很棘手时，他轻轻地从顶部撕开容器，几秒钟内就把男孩解救了出来。A.protecting保护；B.freeing解救，释放；C.separating分离；D.removing移除。根据后文“theboywithinseconds”可知，文森特成功解救了男孩，故选B。【29题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在整个事件中，他们的儿子咯咯笑着，以为这是一个有趣的游戏，而他的姐妹们在背景中笑着。A.fun有趣的；B.serious严肃的；C.dangerous危险的；D.mysterious神秘的。根据后文“game”以及“whilehissisterslaughedinthebackground”可知，儿子以为这是一个有趣的游戏，故选A。【30题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：后来，吉娜在网上分享了这段视频，视频迅速走红。A.setup建立；B.spreadout展开；C.brokeout爆发；D.wentviral走红。根据后文“Manyparentscommented”可知，视频在网上走红，吸引了很多家长评论，故选D。【31题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：许多家长评论说，他们也经历过类似的令人担忧的时刻。A.amusing有趣的；B.alarming令人担忧的；C.ordinary普通的；D.disturbing令人不安的。根据上文“hemightnotbeabletobreathe”可知，儿子头卡在塑料容器里是令人担忧的时刻，故选B。【32题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这一事件凸显了抚养年幼子女时压力与喜悦并存的情况。A.anger愤怒；B.frustration沮丧；C.delight喜悦；D.relaxation放松。根据上文“themixofstressand”以及“whilehissisterslaughedinthebackground”可知，抚养孩子既有压力也有喜悦，故选C。【33题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管有混乱和担心，这些意想不到的时刻往往成为最珍贵的回忆。A.worry担心；B.exhaustion疲惫；C.cautiousness谨慎；D.confusion困惑。根据上文“mightnotbeabletobreathe”可知，这个事件带来的有混乱和担心，故选A。【34题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管有混乱和担心，这些意想不到的时刻往往成为最珍贵的回忆。A.documents文件；B.possessions财产；C.souvenirs纪念品；D.memories回忆。根据上文“theseunexpectedmomentsoftenbecomethemostcherished”可知，这些意想不到的时刻成为最珍贵的回忆，故选D。【35题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：提醒我们，爱、冷静和幽默感才是真正让家庭庆祝变得特别和难忘的东西。A.understanding理解；B.calmness冷静；C.kindness善良；D.courage勇气。根据上文“herhusbandVincentremainedcalm”可知，此处指爱、冷静和幽默感让家庭庆祝变得特别和难忘，故选B。第二节单词拼写(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)根据首字母或汉语提示，用Book4Unit4——Book5Unit3中所学单词的适当形式填空。并将首字母一起写在答题卡上。36.Shehasat________(倾向)totalktoomuchwhensheisnervous.(根据中英文提示单词拼写)【答案】tendency##endency【解析】考查名词。句意：她一紧张就会说得太多。haveatendencytodosth.有做某事的倾向。故填tendency。37.Jasonfelte________(尴尬的)atbeingthecenterofattention.(根据中英文提示单词拼写)【答案】embarrassed##mbarrassed【解析】考查形容词。句意：杰森因成为众人瞩目的焦点而感到很尴尬。空格处用形容词作表语，由首字母提示e可知，“尴尬的”的形容词是embarrassed。故填embarrass