Unit2StayHealthy单元知识点过关（精讲课件）八年级英语下册（新教材人教版）

Unit2

StayHealthy人教版初中英语单元知识点过关8年级下册CONTENTSCONTENTS重点词汇过关短语识记过关词汇变形过关词汇辨析过关知识点清单重点词汇过关PART

ONE01重点词汇过关重点词汇过关重点词汇过关1.My______(喉咙)hurtsalot,soIcan'tspeakloudly.2.Hehasabad____________(头痛)andneedstorest.3.Don'tbe_________(粗心的)whenyoucrossthestreet.4.Sheoften_________(咳嗽)becauseofthecoldweather.5.Ifyouhavea_________(发烧),youshouldseeadoctor.6.My_________(胃)feelsuncomfortableaftereatingtoomuch.7.Thedoctortookhis______________

(体温)beforethecheck-up.8.Youshouldtakethis_________(药)threetimesaday.9.Peoplewear_________(口罩)toprotectthemselvesfromviruses.10.The_________

(牙科医生)toldmetobrushmyteethtwiceaday.throatheadachecarelesscoughsfeverstomachtemperaturemedicinemasksdentist11.Theaccidentcausedaserious___________(伤害)tohisleg.12.The__________(病人)isrecoveringwellinthehospital.13.Theknifeisvery__________(锋利的/清晰的),sobecareful.14.Hefeltgreat__________(疼痛)inhisbackafterworkingallday.15.The__________(环境)weliveinneedstobeprotected.16.Thefire__________(着火)quicklyandspreadtothewholehouse.17.Sheburnedherselfwhile__________(油炸)chickeninthekitchen.18.Please__________(打开)thelight;it'stoodarkhere.19.The__________(炉子)inthekitchenisnotworkingproperly.20.Hefinishedhiswork__________

(高兴地)andwenthome.injurypatientclearpainenvironmentcaughtfirefryingturnonstovehappily重点词汇过关21.Thehousewas_________(着火)whenwearrived.22.The__________(火焰)ofthefirewasveryhigh.23.Shefeltamomentof__________(恐慌)whensheheardthenews.24.Please________(扔)therubbishintothebin.25.Theball__________(滚动)downthehillquickly.26.Weneedtocallfor_________(急救)rightaway.27._________(安全)isthemostimportantthinginthelab.28.Theteachertoldushowtousethe______________(灭火器).29.Heisgoingto_________(外出就餐)withhisfriendstonight.30.Iwillfinishthiswork_________(今晚).onfireflamepanicrolledfirstaidSafetyextinguishereatouttonightthrow重点词汇过关31.Hewas___________(伤心地)cryingwhenIsawhim.32.Don't___________(吸烟)inpublicplaces.33.___________(幸运地),noonewashurtintheaccident.34.Smokingis___________(有害的)toyourhealth.35.Thecar___________(碰撞)intothetreeandstopped.36.The___________(震惊)newsmadeeveryonesilent.37.He___________(流血)heavilyfromacutonhisarm.38.Thedoctorwill___________(检查)youcarefully.39.Heheldtherope___________(紧紧地)withbothhands.40.Sheis___________(紧张不安地)waitingfortheexamresults.sadlysmokeluckilyharmfulhitshockingbled/bleedschecktight/tightlynervously重点词汇过关PART

TWO02短语识记过关短语中文含义例句haveacold感冒Ihaveabadcoldandneedtorestathome.haveafever发烧Ifyouhaveafever,youshoulddrinkmorewarmwater.haveaheadache头痛Shetooksomemedicinebecauseshehadaterribleheadache.haveastomachache胃痛；肚子疼Hehadastomachacheaftereatingtoomuchcoldfood.haveatoothache牙痛Youshouldseeadentistifyouhaveatoothache.haveasorethroat喉咙痛Mysisterhasasorethroatandcan’tspeakloudly.haveabackache背痛；腰痛Sittingatthedeskfortoolongcancauseabackache.takeone'stemperature给某人量体温ThenursetookmytemperaturebeforeIsawthedoctor.liedown躺下；平躺Youshouldliedownandrestifyoufeeltired.liedownandrest躺下休息Thedoctortoldhimtoliedownandrestfortwohours.短语识记过关短语中文含义例句takesomemedicine吃药；服药Takethismedicinethreetimesadayaftermeals.drinkhotteawithhoney喝加蜂蜜的热茶Drinkinghotteawithhoneyhelpssootheasorethroat.seeadentist看牙医Ihavetoseeadentisttocheckmybadtooth.getanX-ray拍X光片ThedoctorsaidIneededtogetanX-rayofmyinjuredarm.takebreaks休息；放松Youshouldtakebreakseveryhourwhenstudying.takebreaksawayfromthecomputer离开电脑休息It’simportanttotakebreaksawayfromthecomputertoprotectyoureyes.haveanosebleed流鼻血Hehadanosebleedafterfallingdownontheplayground.putyourheaddown把头低下Ifyouhaveanosebleed,don’tputyourheadback.pressthesidesofyournose按住鼻子两侧Pressthesidesofyournosetostopthebleeding.hurtoneself伤到自己Hehurthimselfwhenhefelloffhisbike短语识记过关短语中文含义例句falldown摔倒；跌倒Thelittleboyfelldownandscrapedhisknee.falloffthebike从自行车上摔下来Shefelloffthebikeandhurtherleftleg.cutoneself割伤自己Becarefulnottocutyourselfwhenusingtheknife.putabandageonit用绷带包扎Thenurseputabandageonhiscutfinger.runitunderwater用水冲洗伤口Ifyoucutyourfinger,runitundercoldwaterfirst.gethitonthehead撞到头部Hegothitontheheadbyaflyingbasketball.toone'ssurprise使……惊讶的是Tomysurprise,heagreedtohelpmeatonce.agreetodosth.同意做某事Heagreedtotakethesickmantothehospital.thanksto多亏；由于Thankstothetimelyhelp,theoldmanwassaved.intime及时Wegottothehospitalintimetosavethepatient.avoidunhealthyfood避免不健康的食 Trytoavoidunhealthyfoodlikechipsandcandy.短语识记过关短语中文含义例句intime及时Wegottothehospitalintimetosavethepatient.savealife拯救生命Doctorsandnursesworkhardtosaveliveseveryday.haveanaccident发生意外；出事故Atrafficaccidenthappenedontheroadthismorning.getsunburned晒伤Shegotsunburnedafterstayingatthebeachallday.haveacough咳嗽Shehasabadcoughandcan’tsleepwellatnight.getsomesleep睡一会儿Youneedtogetsomesleeptorecoverfromthecold.drinklotsofwater多喝水Drinklotsofwaterwhenyouhaveafever.stayhealthy保持健康Doingexerciseregularlyhelpsusstayhealthy.keepfit保持健康Runningeverymorninghelpsmekeepfit.eathealthyfood吃健康的食物Weshouldeathealthyfoodlikevegetablesandfruit.sufferfromillness遭受疾病折磨Hesufferedfromaseriousillnesslastyear.短语识记过关PART

THREE03词汇变形过关词汇变形过关stomachn.胃；腹部→stomachachen.胃痛toothn.牙齿→

teethn.牙齿（复数）→toothachen.牙疼carelessadj.粗心的→carelessnessn.粗心→carefuladj.仔细的→caren.关心descriptionn.描写→

describev.描述→descriptiveadj.描述的patientn.病人/adj.有耐心的→

patiencen.耐心→patientlyadv.耐心地injuryn.伤害→

injurev.伤害→injuredadj.受伤的clearadj.清晰的/v.清理→clearlyadv.清晰地→clearnessn.清晰度painn.疼痛→

painfuladj.疼痛的brightnessn.亮度→

brightadj.明亮的→brightlyadv.明亮地happilyadv.快乐地→

happyadj.快乐的→happinessn.幸福quickadj.快的→

quicklyadv.迅速地→quicknessn.迅速safetyn.安全→safeadj.安全的→safelyadv.安全地unfortunatelyadv.不幸地→unfortunateadj.不幸的→infortune

n.不幸luckilyadv.幸运地→

luckyadj.幸运的→luckn.运气harmn.&v.伤害→harmfuladj.有害的→harmlessadj.无害的relaxv.放松→

relaxedadj.感到放松的→relaxingadj.令人放松的stressn./v.压力→stressedadj.焦虑的→stressfuladj.有压力的expressv.表达→expressionn.表达instructv.指导→instructorn.教练→instructionn.指示scarev.惊吓→

scaredadj.感到害怕的→

scaryadj.吓人的词汇变形过关achievev.实现→achievementn.成就suggestv.建议→suggestionn.建议healthn.健康→healthyadj.健康的→unhealthyadj.不健康的（反义词）carev./n.关心→carefuladj.仔细的→carefullyadv.仔细地→carelessadj.粗心的（反义词）safeadj.安全的→safetyn.安全→dangerousadj.危险的（反义词）harmn./v.伤害→harmfuladj.有害的avoidv.避免→avoidancen.避免sufferv.受苦→sufferingn.痛苦；苦难fitadj.健康的→

fitnessn.健康；健壮importantadj.重要的→importancen.重要性→importantlyadv.重要地词汇变形过关actv.行动→activeadj.积极的→

activelyadv.积极地→actionn.行动sleepv./n.睡觉→sleepyadj.困倦的→asleepadj.睡着的trueadj.真实的→trulyadv.真实地→

truthn.真相usev.使用→usefuladj.有用的→uselessadj.无用的helpv.帮助→helpfuladj.有帮助的→helplessadj.无助的healthy(adj.)→health(n.健康)→healthily(adv.健康地)

important(adj.)→importance(n.重要性)

decide(v.)→decision(n.决定)different(adj.)→difference(n.不同)

词汇变形过关feel(v.)→feeling(n.感觉)ill(adj.)→illness(n.疾病)careful(adj.)→carefully(adv.仔细地)quick(adj.)→quickly(adv.快速地)good(adj.)→well(adv.好地)strong(adj.)→strength(n.力量)die(v.)→dead(adj.死亡的)→death(n.死亡)true(adj.)→truly(adv.真实地)→truth(n.真相)cook(v.)→cook(n.厨师)→cooking(n.烹饪)medicine(n.)→medical(adj.医学的)词汇变形过关PART

FOUR04词汇辨析过关词汇辨析illsick形容词,只能作表语，不能放在名词前作定语；侧重重病、久病；名词形式：illness疾病搭配：beill生病/fallill病倒/beillinhospital住院Heisill,sohecan’tgotoschool.形容词,既可作表语，也可作定语；除“生病的”，还可表示恶心、想吐搭配：asickgirl生病的女孩/feelsick恶心、反胃Thesickboyneedstohaveagoodrest.词汇辨析achepain持续、轻微、隐隐的酸痛,多用来构成合成词，特指身体某部位长期不适搭配：headache头痛/stomachache胃痛/toothache牙痛Ihaveastomachacheforthreedays.剧烈、突发的刺痛、伤痛，也可指精神、心理痛苦,可数/不可数；常用haveapainin+身体部位搭配：inpain处于痛苦中/greatpain剧痛Hehadasharppaininhislegafterthefall.词汇辨析hurtinjure日常轻微受伤、身体某处疼痛，也可指情感伤害,可作不及物动词（直接表“疼”）Mythroathurts.我喉咙痛。Don’t

hurtherfeelings.别伤害她的感情。慢性、隐性伤害（损害健康、环境、权益）搭配：doharmto…/beharmfulto…对……有害Smokingwillharmyourhealth.harm意外事故、碰撞、摔倒造成的外伤（单元重点）,多指功能性损伤，正式用语。变形：injuryn.伤口，受伤；injuredadj.受伤的Hewasinjuredinacaraccident.词汇辨析relaxedrelaxing修饰：人含义：人感到放松的、心情舒缓的词根：relaxv.放松Ifeelrelaxedaftertakingabreak.修饰：事物、活动、环境含义：令人放松的、使人轻松的Listeningtomusicisarelaxingwaytorest.词汇辨析healthyfit侧重：身心整体健康、饮食作息健康反义词：unhealthy不健康的搭配：healthyeating健康饮食/stayhealthy保持健康侧重：身体康复、病后好转，只形容身体健康Youlookwellafteryourillness.well侧重：体格强健、体能好、身材匀称，多指运动锻炼后的状态搭配：keepfit

强身健体/getfit锻炼身体词汇辨析luckyluckily幸运的；走运的,修饰人/事物，作定语或表语Heisaluckyboy.他是一个幸运的男孩。unlucky幸运地；幸好,多放句首，逗号隔开；修饰整个句子，引出好结果。Luckily,noonewashurtintheaccident.unfortunately不幸的；倒霉的,用法：修饰人/事物It’sunluckyforhimtomissthebus.不幸地；遗憾地（luckily反义词）,常放句首，逗号隔开，引出坏消息、不好的结果。Unfortunately,hecaughtabadcold.1．Mrs.Greendoesn’twanteatanything,becauseshe________abouther________son.A．isworrying;sick B．isworrying;ill

C．worried;sick D．isworried;ill2．Mr.Lican’teatanything,becausehe________abouthis________sonnow.A．worries,sick B．worries,ill C．isworrying,ill D．isworrying,sick3．Whatdoestheword“painless”mean?A．Fullofpain.B．Withoutpain. C．Apaininthebody. D．Atypeofache.4．Bobfelloffhisbikeandhada______onhisback.A．hurt B．ache C．sore D．pain5．Didyousaythatourneighbor______intheaccident?A．badlyinjured

B．wasbadlyinjured

C．hadbadlyinjured D．wasbadlyhurt6．John’sbackandheadwere_______

inanaccident.A．hit B．injure C．cut D．hurtADBDBD

词汇辨析过关6．John’sbackandheadwere_______

inanaccident.A．hit B．injure C．cut D．Hurt7．Spendingtoomuchtimeplayingcomputergames________oureyes.A．isharmto B．isinjuredfor C．isbadlyto D．isharmfulto8．Spendingtoomuchtimeplayingcomputergames________oureyes.A．doesharmto B．isinjuredfor C．isbadlyto D．isharmfulfor9．Playingtoomanycomputergamesisbadforoureyes.A．isharmto B．isinjuredforC．isbadlyto D．isharmfulto10．Ienjoy_________booksinthelibraryonweekends.Itmakesme_________.A．read;relaxing B．reading;relax C．toread;relaxed D．reading;relaxesD

词汇辨析过关DADB11．—WhatdoyouthinkofBladeRunner:StormintheDesert(《镖人：风起大漠》)?—Ithinkit’sa________movie.Itmademefeel________afterabusyweek.A．relaxed;relaxed

B．relaxed;relaxingC．relaxing;relaxingD．relaxing;relaxed12．—How________youusually_______onweekends?

—Iusuallygotothecinematorelax.A．do;relax B．does;relax C．do;relaxed D．does;relaxed13．Myfatherlooked______afterhisholiday.Hesaidthebeachwasa______place.A．relaxing;relaxed B．relaxed;relaxingC．relaxing;relaxingD．relaxed;relaxed14．—Nowadays,apartfromPEclasses,wehaveover40minutesofsportstimeeveryday.—Asthesaying“civilize(文明)themind,strengthen(增强)thebody.”goes,________.A．exerciseonlyshapesyourbody B．ahealthymindneedsahealthybodyC．wespendtoomuchtimeonsports D．wehavedifferentwaystokeepfitDAB

词汇辨析过关B15．It’simportanttokeephealthyeveryday.A．stayfit B．staybusy C．staysad16．It’simportantforustokeep________.Weneedtoeat________food.A．health;fit B．health;healthy C．fit;healthy D．fit;health17．TherewasaacaraccidentonXinHuaRoadyesterday._____,nobodywashurt..A．Lucky B．Luckily C．Unlucky D．Unluckily18．Hewas________boy.But_______hehadakindgrandmother.A．anunlucky;luckily B．alucky;luckilyC．anunlucky;unluckily D．alucky,unluckilyAACB

词汇辨析过关PART

FIVE05知识点清单重点句型句式要点1.Sb.have/has+健康问题./Sb.issufferingfrom+健康问题.Theygotitbecause+原因.①Sb.have/has+健康问题.:

主语+have/has+a/an+病痛名词病痛固定搭配都要加a：haveacold感冒

haveafever发烧

haveaheadache头痛haveastomachache胃痛

haveasorethroat喉咙痛Hehasafever.他发烧了。

Ihaveasorethroat.我喉咙痛。②Sb.issufferingfrom+健康问题.主语+be动词+sufferingfrom+疾病/健康问题核心用法sufferfrom：患有（慢性病、长期病痛、疾病）；受……折磨侧重长时间、持续性生病，不是临时小感冒。Sheissufferingfromabadheadache.她一直受严重头痛折磨。Manypeoplearesufferingfromstomachproblems.很多人都有胃病困扰。重点句型句式要点1.Sb.have/has+健康问题./Sb.issufferingfrom+健康问题.Theygotitbecause+原因.①Theygotitbecause+原因状语从句结构公式Theygotit+because+完整句子（原因）it指代前面提到的这种疾病/不舒服的症状用法because后面接完整陈述句，说明生病的原因。②完整串联例句（三个句式连用）Tomhasastomachache.Heissufferingfromit.Hegotitbecauseheatetoomuchcoldfood.汤姆胃痛。他一直受胃痛折磨。他得病是因为吃了太多生冷食物。Lilyhasasorethroat.Sheissufferingfromit.Shegotitbecauseshetalkedtoomuchyesterday.莉莉喉咙痛。她一直不舒服。她喉咙痛是因为昨天说话太多。重点句型句式要点2.For+健康问题，youshould+正确做法./Youcould+替代做法.Youshouldn’t+错误做法.①For+健康问题For在这里表针对、对于，放在句首引出病症；后面直接接：afever/aheadache/asorethroat等病痛短语。Foraheadache,youshouldliedownandrest.对于头痛，你应该躺下休息。②youshould+动词原形should情态动词，后必跟动词原形

语气：强烈建议、应该做（最优正确做法）③Youcould+动词原形could情态动词，后接动词原形语气：委婉建议、可以试试、备选方案比should语气弱，用来给第二种解决办法④Youshouldn’t+动词原形shouldn’t=shouldnot后接动词原形含义：不应该、千万别做（伤身、加重病情的错误行为）课本句子梳理句式要点3.

Sb.hurtthemselves/cutthemselves/takecareofthemselveswhen+场景.①反身代词themselves主语是复数（we/you/they/students/people）→用themselves含义：伤到自己/割伤自己/照顾自己②三个核心短语hurtthemselves伤到自己、受伤

cutthemselves割伤自己takecareofthemselves照顾自己、自我照料③when引导时间状语从句when后接完整句子，表示：当……的时候Kidsmayhurtthemselveswhentheyruntoofast.孩子们跑得太快时可能会受伤。Don’tcutyourselveswhenyoucookinthekitchen.在厨房做饭时不要割伤自己。Youngpeoplemusttakecareofthemselveswhentheystayoutsidelate.年轻人在外晚归时必须照顾好自己。课本句子梳理句式要点4.Suddenly,+突发事件（e.g.,sth.caughtfire/sb.felldown）.Sb.did+应对动作to+目的.①本单元常用突发事件sth.caughtfire某物着火了

sb.felldown某人摔倒了

sb.hadanosebleed某人突然流鼻血sb.gothurt某人受伤了

sb.fainted某人晕倒了②语法核心要点全篇叙事用一般过去时，讲过去发生的突发事情。

Suddenly放句首，逗号隔开，是叙事作文万能开头。

to+动词原形表目的，固定用法，to后面永远用动词原形。Suddenly,thehousecaughtfire.

Theworkersranout