英语构词法复合词讲课文档

英语构词法复合词第一页，共48页。classificationCompoundNounsCompoundadjectivesCompoundVerbs第二页，共48页。CompoundNounsAcompoundnounisanounthatismadewithtwoormorewords.Eachcompoundnounactsasasingleunitandcanbemodifiedbyadjectives.第三页，共48页。threeformsforcompoundnouns

1.openorspaced-spacebetweenwords(tennisshoe)2.hyphenated-hyphenbetweenwords(six-minute)3.closedorsolid-nospaceorhyphenbetweenwords(bedroom）第四页，共48页。

A.noun+noun：honeybee:honey+beehousework:house+workdinningroom:dinning+roomkingship:king+shipsnowman:snow+mansnowball:snow+ballsnowfall:snow+fallboyhood：boy+hoodhitchhiker:hitch+hikerskyjacker:sky+jacker第五页，共48页。football:foot+balldaydream:day+dreamshoelace:shoe+laceweekend:week+endclassroom:class+roomfire-fly（萤火虫）:fire+flyboy/girlfriend:boy/girl+friendpoliceman:police+man第六页，共48页。B.adjective+nounfullmoon:full+moonclearway(超速道路)：clear+wayeasy-chair（安乐椅）:easy+chairredhead:red+headfreshwater:fresh+waterhardwood:hard+woodgrandfather:grand+father第七页，共48页。blackboard:black+boardsoftware:soft+ware(制品；器具；货物)freshman:fresh+manshorthand(速记）:short+handdeadline:dead+linewasteland:waste+land第八页，共48页。C.Verb+noun:breakfastbreakwaterdrivewaychatroomjumpsuit(跳伞服）workexperienceswearwordplayboypickpocket第九页，共48页。第十页，共48页。E.Noun+verb/（-ing）sunrisehaircutnightfallSnowfalltoothpicksurfridefruitpickinglorrydriving开运货汽车coal－miningweightliftingbird－watchinghandwritingbookkeeping第十一页，共48页。F.adverb+noun

onlookerbystander(旁观者）under-clothesafter-effectupgradeoverburdenunderworlddownfall(垮台，大雨，衰败）overcoat第十二页，共48页。G.adverb+verb

Over(结束）throwinput

outputoutletupset(翻倒，混乱）upturnUpstartonflow(湍流）outbreakoutcome第十三页，共48页。Verb+preposition:check-out/intake-off

get-togetherNoun+prepositionalphrase

mother/father-in-law第十四页，共48页。Pronunciation

Compoundnounstendtohavemorestressonthefirstword.Stressisimportantincompoundnouns.a'greenhouse=placewherewegrowplants(compoundnoun)

agreen'house=housepaintedgreen(adjectiveandnoun)

a'bluebird=typeofbird(compoundnoun)

ablue'bird=anybirdwithbluefeathers(adjectiveandnoun第十五页，共48页。Pluralformsofcompoundnouns

Ingeneralwemakethepluralofacompoundnounbyadding-stothe"baseword"(themost"significant"word).Lookattheseexamples:singular

plural

atennisshoethreetennisshoes

oneassistantheadmasterfiveassistantheadmasters

thesergeantmajor（军士长）somesergeantsmajor

amother-in-lawTwomothers-in-lawanassistantsecretaryofstatethreeassistantsecretariesofstate

mytoothbrushourtoothbrushes

awoman-doctorfourwomen-doctors

adoctorofphilosophytwodoctorsofphilosophy

apasserby,apasser-bytwopassersby,twopassers-by

第十六页，共48页。Becareful!

第十七页，共48页。Compoundnounquiz

Usingcompoundnouns,canyoushortenthefollowingphrases?1.aroomforstoresastoreroom2.thehusbandofmydaughtermyson-in-law3.twoperiodsofthreemonthstwothree-monthperiods第十八页，共48页。Compoundadjectives1.Acompoundadjectiveisbasicallyanadjectivephrasemadeupoftwoormorewordsthatserveasasingleadjectivewhenusedtogether.2.Asageneralrule,thewordsinacompoundadjectivearehyphenatedwhentheycomebeforeanoun(awell-knownactor)butnotwhentheycomeafter(Theactoriswellknown).3.Also,compoundadjectivesformedwithanadverbendingin-ly(suchasrapidlychanging)areusuallynothyphenated.Examples:

1.Pleaserequestafour-foottable.

('Four-foot'isanadjectivedescribingthetable.Ahyphenisusedtolink'four'

and'foot'toshowthatitisoneadjective.)

2.Itisa6document.

3.Claireworkedasapart-timekeeperatthepark.

4.Thatisanall-too-commonmistake.

/v_show/id_XMjQ3OTIwMTQ4.html第十九页，共48页。Thewarm-heartedmanboughtaready-madetoy(热心的人儿买个现成的玩具)；

Thehard-workingmanproducedahand-madetoy(勤劳的人儿做个手工的玩具)；

Thegood-lookingmanlovestoeatfat-freefood(相貌堂堂的人喜欢低脂食品)；

Thepeace-lovingmanlovestobewell-behaved

(热爱和平的人喜爱彬彬有礼)；Theone-eyedmanwasbornababy-facedone(独眼的男子天生有张娃娃脸)；Thelow-costjourneymustbeaseven-dayone(低成本的旅游当数七日游).

doggerel第二十页，共48页。1.adj+noun+-ed第二十一页，共48页。2.adj/adverb+pastparticiple:第二十二页，共48页。3.adverb+verb(-ing):everlastinghard-workingslow-thinkingfast-thinkingfast-moving

slow-moving第二十三页，共48页。4.noun+pastparticiple：第二十四页，共48页。

5.adj+verb(-ing):第二十五页，共48页。6.noun+adj第二十六页，共48页。7.noun+verb(-ing):peace-lovingfreedom-lovingtime-savingself-generating.产生的；生成的summer-floweringkite-flyingocean-goingmouth-wateringEnglish-speakingfun-lovingearth-shakinglong-sufferingtime-consuming第二十七页，共48页。8.number+noun+-ed:第二十八页，共48页。

chicken-hearted

honey-mouthed9.noun+noun+-ed:第二十九页，共48页。10.adj+noun:

第三十页，共48页。11.number+noun:第三十一页，共48页。12.verb+noun:

break-necktelltate(搬弄是非的）cut-rate(减价的，次等的）第三十二页，共48页。13.adj+adjwet-coldicy-coldred-hotbitter-sweetlight/dark-bluedeaf-mutepaleyellow第三十三页，共48页。14.verb(-ing)+adj:steaming-hotsmoking-hot(滚烫的）biting-coldfreezing-coldsoaking-wetwringing-wet第三十四页，共48页。15.Adverb+adj:

ever-victoriousover-cautiousall-round第三十五页，共48页。16.noun+noun:

X-ray（X光的）

English-language（英国语言的）第三十六页，共48页。17.prepositionalphraseat-riskin-your-face(明目张胆的）第三十七页，共48页。18.Sentencecompoundadjectivesdevil-may-caredog-eat-dogrun-of-the-mill(平常的）dot-and-dash(莫斯科电码的）第三十八页，共48页。practice1.Thisisadresswhichwasmadebyhand.Thisisa_hand-made________dress.2.Itisawalkwhichtakesjust7minutes.Itisjusta__seven-minute_________walk.3.Ilikethehousewhichwaspaintedbrown.Ilikethe__brown-painted_________house.4.Canyouseethestarwhichisshiningbrightly?Canyouseethe_____brightly-shining________star.5.Thisisacakewhichismadecarefully.Thisisa__carefully-made_cake.第三十九页，共48页。CompoundVerbs

Inlinguistics,acompoundverbisamulti-wordcompoundthatactsasasingleverb.Onecomponentofthecompoundisalightverb,whichcarriesanyinflections,indicatingtense,mood,oraspect,butprovides