福建省福州第八中学2024-2025高二下学期期中英语试题（含答案）

高二下学期期中英语试题一、阅读理解APriceshavebeenrisingrapidlyincitiesacrosstheworld,drivingthecostoflivinghigherthaneverbefore.Butnoteverywherehasbeenimpactedequally.Fortravelers,theseplacescanofferthesamebig-cityconvenientfacilitiesatamuchlowercostofliving.Lisbon,PortugalAstheleast-expensivecityinWesternEurope,accordingtotheEIUrankings,Lisbonhasbeenahotspotfortravelersinrecentyears.MercedesZachrecommendsexploringthebohemian(波西米亚式的)BairroAltoneighbourhoodtouncoverstreetart,cityviewsandsunsetgatheringswithlocals.TheRomanTheatreMuseumgivesaglimpseintothecity’sRomanpast,withpreservedtheatreruins.Toronto,CanadaCanadiancitiestothenorthcontinuetoremainlowerinthecostof-livingrankings.OfalltheCanadiancitiesranked,Torontoranksthemostaffordable.TorontoresidentStephanieCiccarellirecommendscitysightseeingviaboatcruiseonLakeOntario,orvisitingtheHockeyHallofFame.Tokyo,JapanMovingthreedowntheindex(指标)thisyearandranking60overall,TokyocontinuestobeJapan’smostexpensivecityyetisnowmoreaffordablethanfellowAsiancitieslikeSingaporeandHongKong.TokyoresidentMasaYamamotoencouragestouriststowanderaroundtheurbangardenandpublicartdisplaysatthenewlydevelopedAzabudaiHilsneighbourhoodforfree.Foranewperspectiveonthecity,herecommendsthecontemporaryartMoriArtMuseumanditsconnectedTokyoCityView,whichoffersaviewofthecityfrom250mabovesealevelforjust2,000yen.1.Whichattractioncangiveyoubriefinsightsintothecity’shistory?A．TheHockeyHallofFame.B．TheMoriArtMuseum.C．TheRomanTheatreMuseum.D．TheBairroAltoneighbourhood.2.WhattouristhighlightsaresharedbyLisbonandTokyo?A．Cityviewsandartisticappeal.B．Streetmarketsandurbanparks.C．Historicalruinsandmuseums.D．Localcustomsandlandmarks.3.Whatistheprimaryfocusofthispassage?A．Affordablebigcitiesfortravelers.B．EIUrankingofcost-effectivecities.C．Therapidriseingloballivingexpenses.D．Citiesknownfortheirhighcostofliving.BInthisfast-pacedworld,quietmomentsareoftenspentstaringataphonescreen.Forthosewhohaveforgottenhowtoswitchoffandreconnectwithourselves,DeborahAlmamayhavejustwhatthedoctorordered.SheisthefounderofThePoetryPharmacy(药房),whoseaimistoeaseworrywithwords,allowingvisitorstobookpoetryconsultationsfortailoredadviceorpickupaquickfixofftheshelves.Lastyear,anotherPoetryPharmacyopeneditsdoorsinsideLUSHonLondon’sOxfordStreet,seekingtobringalittlecalmtothecapital.Evenbeforeshehadtwosuccessful“practices”underherbelt,Deborahwaskeenlyawareofthepowerofpoetry.Shenoticedhowitcouldbringpeopleapositivechange.Thisinspiredhertobecomethe“EmergencyPoet”travelingthecountryinavintageambulancetoofferpoetryprescriptions(处方).The1950sambulance,whichwasboughtoneBay,carried200poems,eachwithadvicelike“takethispoemwithacupoftea”or“listentosomebirdsong”.Afteraboutadecadeofmobilemedicine,DeborahparkedupherpracticeforapermanentlocationinShropshire.Thisbecametheworld’sfirstwalk-in-poetrypharmacy,and—unliketheambulance—ithadcentralheating.Fromacozycoffeecornertoaninspiringphysicgarden,thePharmacyisdescribedas“apeacefulplacetorestanddream”.“Whathappensintheshopsisthatpeoplewholookatpillsareoftenbuyingthingsforothers.It’spotentiallyalittletheatre,butthatactofgivingandthinkingaboutsomeoneelseisheartwarming.”ThePharmacyalsoprovidesamorepersonalizedservice.“Weaskaboutpeople’sreadinghabits,howtheyrelax,ratherthantheirproblems.Itshouldbeapleasuretoanswerthesequestions,”Deborahsays.Despiteneverhavingdoneanyonlinemarketing,ThePoetryPharmacyhasadedicatedfollowingofcreativesouls,includingMarkConstantine,CEOandco-founderofLUSH.Wedon’tknowwhatthefutureholdsforThePoetryPharmacyanditsfounder,butonethingiscertain-thenextchapterisboundtobeagoodone!4.HowmanypoetrypharmacieshasDeborahopened?A．One.B．Two.C．Three.D．Four.5.WhatcanpossiblyhappeninThePoetryPharmacy?A．Poetichealing.B．Helpingphoneaddicts.C．Enjoyingtheatreperformances.D．Discussingpoetrywriting.6.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A．Theshopneedssomemarketing.B．Theshophasgainedacceptance.C．Deborahwillopenanewshopsoon.D．Deborahhasfoundsomeco-founders.7.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesDeborah?A．Creativebutinconsistent.B．Conventionalbutwarm.C．Innovativeandcompassionate.D．Sociableandadventurous.CHaveyouevernoticedhowtheemailicon(图标)onmanycomputersandsmartphonesisofanenvelope?Orhowcameraphonesmakethesoundofarealcameraclickingwhenyoutakeaphoto,eventhoughthere’snoshuttertoopenorclose?Theseareexamplesofskeuomorphs,whicharewhennewthingstakeontheappearanceorsoundoftheobjectthey’vereplaced.Whywouldnewthingswanttolooklikesomethingold?It’salltodowithhumanpsychology.PsychologistJamesGibsonsaysoneofthewayspeopleunderstandtheworldisthroughaffordances—objectswhoseshapetellsyouhowtousethem.Whencreatingnewdigitaltechnologies,inventorslikeSteveJobsofAppleusedskeuomorphssopeoplewouldknowhowtousetheirproducts.Byshowingpeopleanimageofsomethingtheyalreadyknewhowtouse,itmadeusingacomputerorsmartphoneeasier.However,aspeoplebecamemorefamiliarwithmoderntechnology,somedesignersarguedthatskeuomorphswerenolongernecessary.Indeed,theyoungergenerationdon’tneedvisualreferencestoolderitemsthey’veneverused.Thisledtosomethingcalledflatdesign,wherecomputerdesktopsandsmartphonehomescreensstartedtodoawaywithskeuomorphism.Skeuomorphsmadeacomeback,though,withsmartwatches.Manysmartwatchestookontheappearanceofanoldfashionedwatch,withaclockface.Thiswastoencouragepeoplewhodidn’tlikedigitalwatchestoconsiderbuyingasmartwatch.Whilethesearethewaysskeuomorphsareusedtoday,thatdoesn’tmeanit’sonlyamodernphenomenon.Infact,thewordwasfirstusedin1899bythearchaeologistHenryColleyMarch,whorealizedthatsomeancientartefacts(人工制品)kepttheappearanceofolderobjects,eventhoughtherewasnopracticalreasonforthemtodoso.WhenancientGreekbuildersmovedfromusingwoodtostone,theyrecreatedsomeofthecharacteristicsofwoodenbuildings.FromancientGreekarchitectureto21stcenturytechnology,skeuomorphshavebeenakeyfeatureofscientificprogress.So,whenyouwonderabouttheobjectsofthefuture,takealookaround.Chancesarethattheywilllookalotliketheobjectsofthepast.8.Whichofthefollowingisanexampleofskeuomorphs?9.Howwouldpeoplefeelaboutskeuomorphs?A．User-friendly.B．Safety-centered.C．Energy-saving.D．Cost-effective.10.Whydidsomedesignersthinkskeuomorphsunnecessary?A．Usersbecameaccustomedtotechnology.B．Theseproductswereexpensivetodesign.C．Youngpeoplerejectedtraditionaldesigns.D．Theexistingstandardshadbeenupdated.11.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A．Thepredictionaboutfutureobjects.B．Thekeyfeatureofscientificprogress.C．Thedesignphilosophiesofskeuomorphism.D．Theever-lastingpresenceofskeuomorphs.DAwheeledrobotrollsacrossthefloor.Asoft-bodiedroboticstarbendsitsfivelegs,movingawkwardly.Poweredbyconventionalelectricityviaplugorbattery,thesesimpleroboticcreationswouldbeunremarkable,butwhatsetsthesetworobotsapartisthattheyarecontrolledbyalivingentity(实体):akingoystermushroom.Bygrowingthemushroom’smycelium(菌丝体)intotherobot’shardware,ateamledbyCornellUniversityresearchershasengineeredtwotypesofrobotsthatsenseandrespondtotheenvironmentbyusingelectricalsignalsmadebythemushroomanditssensitivitytolight.Therobotsarethelatestaccomplishmentofscientistsinafieldknownasbiohybridroboticswhoseektocombinebiological,livingmaterialssuchasplantandanimalcellsorinsectswithartificialcomponentstomakepartlylivingandpartlyengineeredentities.There’sstillalongwaytogobeforebiohybridrobotsgobeyondthelab,butresearchershopeonedayrobotjellyfishmayexploreoceans,sperm-poweredrobotsmaybeabletodeliverfertility(肥沃)treatmentsandcyborgcockroachescouldsearchforsurvivorsinthewakeofanearthquake.“Biohybridizationisanattempttofindcomponentsinthebiologicalworldthatwecanuse,understand,andcontroltohelpourartificialsystemsworkbetter,”saidShepherd,aprofessorofmechanicalandaerospaceengineeringatCornellUniversity.Theteambeganbygrowingkingoystermushroomsinthelabfromasimplekitorderedonline.Theresearcherschosethisspeciesofmushroombecauseitgrowseasilyandquickly.Theycultivated(培育)themushroom’smycelium,whichcanformnetworksthat,accordingtothestudy,cansense,communicateandtransportnutrients.Theteamfounditchallengingtoengineerasystemthatcoulddetectandusethesmallelectricalsignalsfromthemyceliatocommandtherobot.“Youhavetomakesurethatyourelectrode(电极)touchesintherightpositionbecausethemyceliaareverythin,”saidleadauthorAnandMishra.“Thenyouculturethem,andwhenthemyceliastartgrowing,theywraparoundtheelectrode.”12.Whatisspecialaboutthetworobotsinthefirstparagraph?A．Theycancontrollivingcreatures.B．Theycanmakevariousmovements.C．Theyarepoweredbykingoystermushrooms.D．Theyarepartlymushroomandpartlymachine.13.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoshowbygivingtheexamplesinparagraph4?A．Thefuturepossibilitiesofbiohybridrobots.B．Theseriousnessoftheenvironmentalissues.C．Thelimitationsofbiohybridrobotsbeyondthelab.D．Theadvantagesofbiohybridrobotsoverconventionalones.14.Whatdidtheteamfinddifficultwhenengineeringtherobots?A．Wrappingtheelectrodewiththemycelia.B．Arrangingtheelectrodeintherightorder.C．Developingasystemtocultivatethemycelia.D．Positioningtheelectrodeaccuratelyonthemycelia.15.Whichofthefollowingcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．WhenNatureMeetsTechnologyB．HowTechnologyTransformsNatureC．KingOysterMushrooms:theMagicofNatureD．BiohybridRobotics:theKeytoSocialDevelopment七选五Manyadultsareproudtosharetheirfascinationswithwhatotherswouldlabelaskids’toys.MiniBrandsmysterypacksorotherblindboxeshavebecomeaphenomenonascollectiblesforsomeadults.___16___Forothers,Legosareontheirwishlistencouragedbythebrand’sgrowingnumberofgrown-upsets.___17___Seekingandsparkingchild-likejoymaybepartoftheappeal,saidbehavioraltherapistMaddyEllberger.“Whensomethingremindsusofapositivememory,wearelikelytoengagewithitbecausetheassociationrecallsthosememories.”___18___Clothingbrandsarealsocashinginonnostalgia(怀旧情怀)—fromCrocscreatingaLizzieMcGuireclogtoLululemon’sDisneycollectionmakingafullcomebackthatincludesadults.Barbieisn’tjustforkidsclothesnoweither,thankstotherecentfilmand“Barbie-core”fashiontrend.Inadditiontothetrendyappeal,alltheserevivalscanalsotouchonafeelingofconnectionduringatimeofincreaseddivision.Butwhetherthatdesireforconnectionissatisfieddependsonifyoucantranslatetheexcitementintoreal,in-personconnection.___19___Buthavingorwearingthesamethingisnottheactualstepsofformingsharedidentity,”Ellbergersaid.“AndIfeellikethat’ssomeofwhatgetslost,anditisn’timpossible.”Ellbergerhasagreatideaforthis.“Youareintoacertaintrend,liketoys.There’sagoodchanceyou’llfindotherswhoareintothesametrend.___20___Ifitwaspartofeveryone’ssecretSantaorwhiteelephant—that’sareallycutewayofconnectingoverthis,”shesaid.A．Thecrazegoesbeyondtoys.B．So,what’swiththefascination?C．It’sagreatwaytoformcommunity.D．Thengivethesetoystothemasholidaygifts.E．Socialmediafuelsthetrendbycreatingsharedexperiences.F．Evenstuffedanimalsaremakingtheirwayintoadults’homes.G．Childhoodfavoriteshaveinsteadbecomerelevanttoadultsagain.二、完形填空Ifthere’sonecruciallessonthatTaraSnyder,aseasoned(有经验的)mailcarrierfortheU.S.PostalService,revealstoeverynew___21___,it’sthis:“Evenifadogseemsfriendlyfor364daysoftheyear,theycanstillhaveabaddayandbite.”Snyderspeaksfrom___22___.InApril2024,whilecompletingherusualrouteinPennsylvania,she___23___aresident’sdoortoobtainasignatureforapieceofmail.___24___shehadtimetoreact,a70-pounddogchargedoutofthehouseandattackedherhand.She___25___toprotectherselfwithhermailbag,butitwastoolate.“It___26___myhandopenprettyseverely,”sherecalls.Theinjuryrequired17stitches,aroundofantibiotics,andthreeweeksoffworktorecover.Thiswasn’tthefirstorlast___27___betweenSnyderandaggressivedogsatthatresidence.Onaseparateoccasion,anotherdog___28___herontheporch,thoughfortunately,shewasn’tbittenthattimeTheincidenthas___29___AnimalControltoinvestigatetheowners,andthePostalServiceistakingevery___30___toprotectitsmailcarriers.Sadly,Snyder’sstoryisfarfrom___31___:accordingtoPostalServicedata,therewere5,800reporteddog-relatedincidentsinvolvingpostalworkersin2023.Thisbringsustothe___32___paw-printstickersyoumayhavenoticedonmailboxes.Anorangesticker___33___adogresidesatthataddress,whileayellowstickershowsthatadoglivesnearby.The___34___wastowarnPostalServiceemployeesandotherdeliveryworkerstoremainalert(警惕的),___35___arounddogswithaknownhistoryofnegativereactionstomailcarriers.21.A．employerB．customerC．traineeD．neighbour22.A．experienceB．capabilityC．knowledgeD．profession23.A．kickedB．openedC．blockedD．approached24.A．UntilB．BeforeC．SinceD．Immediately25.A．failedB．managedC．attemptedD．resolved26.A．pushedB．toreC．threwD．speared27.A．bondB．encounterC．disagreementD．competition28.A．corneredB．discouragedC．squeezedD．accompanied29.A．urgedB．empoweredC．directedD．persuaded30.A．turnB．energyC．measureD．course31.A．uniqueB．simpleC．commonD．frequent32.A．plainB．sketchedC．fadedD．colored33.A．hidesB．signalsC．flashesD．introduces34.A．prospectB．occupationC．expectationD．intention35.A．especiallyB．reasonablyC．occasionallyD．constantly三、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Centuriesofteatraditionsnowshineassharedhumanlegacy.Theteathat___36___(delight)theworldoverthelastthousandsofyearshasfinallyreceivedglobal___37___(recognize)asasharedculturaltreasureofmankind.TraditionalteaprocessingtechniquesandtheirassociatedsocialpracticesinChina,___38___(include)teagardens,pickingoftealeaves,theprocessing,drinkingandsharingoftea,___39___(add)toUNESCO’sListoftheIntangibleCulturalHeritageofHumanitylastmonth.InChina,traditionalteaprocessingtechniquesarecloselyrelatedtogeographicallocationandnaturalenvironment,___40___resultsinadistributionrangebetween18°—37°Nand94°—122°E,thatis,theprovincesofZhejiang,Fujian,Jiangxi,AnhuiandotherareasinSouthChina.Associatedsocialpractices,however,arespreadthroughoutthecountry___41___sharedbymanyethnicgroups.Over2,000teavarieties,mainlyinsixcategories—green,blackyellow,oolong,whiteanddark—aregrowninChina.Alotofkeyprocessingskillsareinvolved___42___itisreadyforservice.TheancientSilkRoadandtraderoutesbroughtteatothewholeworld.___43___(serve)ondifferentoccasionsandusedasanimportanttoolforcommunication,teaiseverywhereontheglobetoday.“Practicesofgreetingguests___44___teaandbuildinggoodrelationshipswithinfamiliesandneighborsthroughtea-relatedactivitiesaresharedamongmanyethnicgroups,andprovideasenseof___45___(belong),”teacultureresearcherssaid.四、完成句子46.防止这些不良习惯支配青少年的生活是至关重要的。Topreventharmfulhabitslikethesefromd________ateenager’slifeise________.47.他们必须学会及早发现不良习惯并做出适当的改变。Theymustlearntor________badhabitsearlyandmakea________changes.48.尤其是他的画作，因其逼真的人物面貌和深刻的情感冲击而从其他画作中脱颖而出。In________,hispaintingsaresetapartfromotherpaintingsbytheirrealistichumanfacesanddeep________impact.49.地面盖着一层霜，表明加拿大已经进入秋季。Therewas________ontheground,________thatautumnhadarrivedinCanada.50.皮肤还有助于控制你的体温，防止你的身体失去太多水分。Skinalsohelpscontrolyourbody________,preventsyourbodyfrom________toomuchwater.五、书信写作51.假设你是校学生会主席，你校将于下个月在“红砖美术馆”举办一场主题为“美丽中国”的学生水墨画展。请你写一份通知，内容包括：1.开展的目的和意义；2.画展的时间、地点和内容；3.欢迎大家来参展。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。3.通知的标题、署名和发布日期已给出，不计入总词数。参考词汇：美丽中国BeautifulChina红砖美术馆theRedBrickArtGalleryNotice_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________StudentUnionApril5,2025六、读后续写52.阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。Oneofmyteachersonceaskedmyclasswhatourfavouritememorywas.Shewasaskingforthemomentinwhich“youfeltthebest,youfeltthatyouhadtheworldinthepalmofyourhand.”Somedescribedgrandawards;othersdescribedwinningatournament.ButIfeltthebestwhenIfirstlearnedhowtoridemybikeatthirteen.Ididn’tmindmyclassmate’sstaresandsnickering,becauseIknewtherewasmoretothestory.MybrotherandIsharedatypicalbrotherlyrelationship:wecouldn’tstandeachother.Or,tobehonest,hecouldn’tstandme.Ihero-worshippedhim.Myclothesmysteriouslylookedlikehis,andevenmywordstendedtomimicthoseIheardfromhim.Manytimes,Ievenwantedtoliterallyfollowmybrother,sobbingeverytimeIwaspreventedfromhangingaroundwithhim.Needlesstosay,Iwasanannoyancetohim.Anysortofconversationwehadusuallydegradedtofighting,andtryasImight,mybrotherusuallywon.Afterawhile,Istoppedtryingtoimpresshimandlearnedtobetotallyindifferent;perhapsthesilenttreatmentwouldgetmoreapproval.Iwaswrong.Wesoonfellintoasadpattern—Iavoidedhim,heignoredme,anddeepinside,ithurt.Indifferentorhostile,hewasonlyabrotherinname.Sothat’showitwasbetweenus.Ibelievedwewouldforeverbeapart,twohousemateswithoutconversation,twostrangerswithoutwarmth.Andnothingmore.IstillrememberthedayIlearnedtorideabike.IhadreceiveditthatChristmas,whichwasgreat,untilIrealizedIhadnoideahowtorideit.Mymomwastoobusyandhadlongsinceabandonedanyattempttoteachme.Idecidedtoteachmyselftoride,alittlebiteachday,butinvain.Onthatfatefulday,itwasnodifferent.Iwascomingtotheendofmydailyone-hourtorture,andIwassofrustratedthatIthrewmybikeasideandbegantocry.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Iguessthatwaswhatcausedmybrothertocomeoutside.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Anhourlater,Iwasshowingof