高考英语阅读理解题型及解题技巧

高考英语阅读理解题型及解题技巧演示文稿第1页，共132页。优选高考英语阅读理解题型及解题技巧ppt第2页，共132页。

阅读体裁经过多年的发展与创新，高考英语阅读理解的选材特点、命题特点以及语篇的词数都相对稳定。阅读理解文章的语言材料一般都是原汁原味的英语文章，即inEnglish,aboutEnglish(cultures，countries，etc.)。材料涉及内容广，选材方面突出环保、人物传记、社会风俗、大众科普、广告、文学作品、时文报道等。（历届高考体裁）第3页，共132页。1.细节理解2.猜测词义

3.推理判断4.主旨大意题型及解题技巧第4页，共132页。细节理解第5页，共132页。考向一事实认定类1．特殊疑问句形式。以when，where，what，which，who，how，much/many等疑问词开头引出的问题。2．判断是非的形式。含有true/false，nottrue/false或except等的判断是非的问题。此时要注意题干中是否含有否定词，如not，never等。3．以“accordingto...”开头的提问形式。4．填空形式。第6页，共132页。常见问题形式有：1.Accordingtothepassage,who/what/

which/when/Where/why/how/howmany/howmuch/howlong/Howsoon/howoften,etc.?2.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingistrue/nottrue?3.Accordingtothepassage,Whichofthefollowingisnotmentioned?4.AllofthefollowingaretrueEXCEPT___.5.Inthepassagethewriterstatesthat____.6.Choosethebestorderinwhichthepeopledo________.7.Whichofthefollowingistrue/falseexcept…?8.Whichofthefollowingismentionedexcept…第7页，共132页。HooverDamlies______.A.betweenArizonaandNevada

B.intheBlackCanyonC.betweenNewYorkandSanFrancisco D.bothAandB第8页，共132页。ThishugedamisintheBlackCanyon.Itispossibletodriveacarfromonesideoftherivertotheotheronaroad，whichisonthetopofthedam.Thisdamissobigthatthereisanelevatorinside.……

ThishugedamwascalledBoulderDamwhenitwasfinishedin1936.LateritwasrenamedHooverDaminhonorofapresidentoftheUnitedStates.HooverDam，oneofthehighestdamsintheworld，issituatedbetweenthestatesofArizonaandNevada.第9页，共132页。HooverDamlies______.A.betweenArizonaandNevada

B.intheBlackCanyonC.betweenNewYorkandSanFrancisco D.bothAandB第10页，共132页。WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

A.LuoLinisanativeofShanghai.

B.LuoLinmovedtoHongKongwithherparents.

C.LuoLinwonthetitleofMissAsiain1991.

D.AsiaTVStationhelpedLuoLintobecomeMissAsia.第11页，共132页。MissLuoLin,MissAsiaof1991，…

BorninShanghaiandtakentoHongKongwhenshewasonlysixyearsold，LuoLinhasneverdreamedofbeingMissAsia.Herchildhooddreamwastobeanairhostess.Beforeshetookpartinthecompetition,shehadbeenanairhostessinCathayAirlineforsevenyears.However，itstilltookherthreemonthstolearntheartofwalkingonthestage,dancing,singing,making-upandotherpropermanners,designedbytheAsiaTVStation.第12页，共132页。WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

A.LuoLinisanativeofShanghai.

B.LuoLinmovedtoHongKongwithherparents.

C.LuoLinwonthetitleofMissAsiain1991.

D.AsiaTVStationhelpedLuoLintobecomeMissAsia.moved第13页，共132页。MissLuoLin,MissAsiaof1991，…

BorninShanghaiandtakentoHongKongwhenshewasonlysixyearsold，LuoLinhasneverdreamedofbeingMissAsia.Herchildhooddreamwastobeanairhostess.Beforeshetookpartinthecompetition,shehadbeenanairhostessinCathayAirlineforsevenyears.However，itstilltookherthreemonthstolearntheartofwalkingonthestage,dancing,singing,making-upandotherpropermanners,designedbytheAsiaTVStation.taken第14页，共132页。Accordingtoscientists,theDIRECTcauseofmoreandfiercerstormsis

.A．greenhousegasemissions(散发)inindustrializednationsB．highersurfacewatertemperaturesoftheseaC．continuousglobalwarming D．risingsealevels第15页，共132页。…reportedtotheEarthPolicyInstitutethatthenationsufferedanunusauallyhighnumberoffiercestormsinthepasttenyears.Manyscientistsconnecthighersurfacewatertemperaturesresultingfromglobalwarmingtogreaterandmoredamagingstorms.connectto第16页，共132页。Accordingtoscientists,theDIRECTcauseofmoreandfiercerstormsis

.A．greenhousegasemissions(散发)inindustrializednationsB．highersurfacewatertemperaturesoftheseaC．continuousglobalwarming D．risingsealevels第17页，共132页。LaupepawasnotsatisfiedwiththeUnitedStatesbecauseitdidnot

.A.agreetoreduceitsgreenhousegasemissionsB．signanagreementwithTuvaluC．allowTuvaluanstomovetotheUSD.believetheproblemsfacingTuvaluwerereal第18页，共132页。LaupepaexpresseddissatisfactionwiththeUnitedStatesforrefusingtosigntheKyotoProtocol,aninternationalagreementcallingforindustrializednationstoreducetheirgreenhousegasemissions,whichareamaincauseofglobalwarming.“Byrefusingtosigntheagreement,theUShaseffectivelytakenawaythefreedomoffuturegenerationsofTuvaluantolivethere,”LaupepatoldtheBBC.第19页，共132页。LaupepawasnotsatisfiedwiththeUnitedStatesbecauseitdidnot

.A.agreetoreduceitsgreenhousegasemissionsB．signanagreementwithTuvaluC．allowTuvaluanstomovetotheUSD.believetheproblemsfacingTuvaluwerereal(故意用与原文中一模一样的词来迷惑考生)?第20页，共132页。JackLondon’slastdayswere______.

A.usualonesB.notpooronesC.richonesD.unhappyones第21页，共132页。JackLondonwasafamousAmericanwriter.Heburnedhimselfoutwhenhewas40.Hethoughtofhismother,Flora,whohadneverbeenaveryresponsibleperson.Hewassureshewasmentallyillandthathewasbecominglikeher.Atlasthebecametootiredtocare.Hewouldnotworkandcontinuedtospendmoneyhedidnothave.Hewouldnotchangehislife,orhiswriting,perhapshecouldnot.第22页，共132页。JackLondon’slastdayswere______.

A.usualonesB.notpooronesC.richonesD.unhappyones第23页，共132页。考向二数字计算类数字计算题可涉及年代、人物年龄、需付钱数等方面的数字计算。第24页，共132页。Youhavetopayatleast______ayearifyoustudyattheUniversityofWaikato.A.$5,250B.$8,000C.$9,000D.$11,000第25页，共132页。TuitionFees(学费)

Tuitionfeesaredifferentfromdepartmenttodepartment,generallyfrom$5,000to$6,000ayear.Forfurtherinformation:tui@waikato．ac．nz.

Accommodation(住宿)

Youcanhavearoomina4-bedroomflat,whichwillcostabout$100amonthwithotherregularlivingcostsofabout$150amonthforoneperson.Forfurtherinformation:acc@waikato．ac．nz第26页，共132页。$5000(学费)+$100(住宿费)x12(months)+$150(生活费)x12=$8000．Youhavetopayatleast______ayearifyoustudyattheUniversityofWaikato.A.$5,250B.$8,000C.$9,000D.$11,000第27页，共132页。考向三顺序排列类排列顺序类细节理解题的考查形式是在选项中列举一些具体的事实，然后要求学生根据文章内容对选项中的事实进行排序。第28页，共132页。Whichofthefollowingisthecorrectorderofshoppingwiththecomputerizedshoppingcarts?a.Startthesystem.b.Makeashoppinglist.c.Findthethingsyouwant.d.Gotoaself-checkoutstand.A.abdc B.bacdC.acbdD.bcad第29页，共132页。Peoplecanuseahomecomputertomaketheirshoppinglists.Onceatthestore,ashoppercanuseapreferredcustomercardtostartasystem(系统)thatwillorganizethetriparoundthestore.Ifyou'relookingfortoothpicks,youtypeinthewordorpickitfromalist,andamapwillappearonthescreenshowingwhereyouareandwhereyoucanfindthem.第30页，共132页。Whichofthefollowingisthecorrectorderofshoppingwiththecomputerizedshoppingcarts?a.Startthesystem.b.Makeashoppinglist.c.Findthethingsyouwant.d.Gotoaself-checkoutstand.A.abdc B.bacdC.acbdD.bcad第31页，共132页。主旨大意

考查考生加工与浓缩信息的能力第32页，共132页。如何做主旨大意题

做此类题目时，可利用文中主要信息来把握文脉，进行综合归纳，概括文章的主题。如有标题，标题中的蕴含的信息往往是关键信息。另外，任何一篇文章都是围绕某个主题展开的，因此，许多文章中最明显的特点之一是有一个反复出现的中心词，即高频词，也叫做主题词。抓住了它，便容易抓住文章的中心。第33页，共132页。1.标题类常见的题型:1.Thebesttitle/headlineforthispassagemightbe____.2.Thetext(passage)couldbeentitled

.3.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?4.Whichofthefollowingwouldbesuitableasatitleforthepassage?题干表现形式第34页，共132页。1.Thispassagechieflydealswith____.2.What’sthetopicofthearticle?3.Whatisthesubjectdiscussedinthetext?4.Withwhattopicisthepassagechieflyconcerned?2：大意类（文章和段落）常见题型第35页，共132页。Theauthor’smainpurposeinwritingthe

passageis______.Thepassageismeantto_____Thepurposeofthisarticleis_______3：目的类常见题型第36页，共132页。主题句呈现的形式A.文首提出主题,随之用细节来解释,支撑或发展主题句所表达的主题思想.最常见的演绎法写作方式。第37页，共132页。第38页，共132页。Thepandaisapopularanimal.StoriesaboutthepandaintheWashingtonZooarealwaysfrontpagenewsandimportantfeaturesontelevisionnewscasts.Stuffedpandasareamongthemostpopulartoysforchildren,andpandapostcardsarealwaysindemandinzoogiftshops.第39页，共132页。Todaytheproblemofenvironmenthasbecomemoreandmoreserious.Theworldpopulationisrising,soquicklythattheworldhasbecometoocrowded.Weareusingupournaturalresourcestooquicklyandatthesametimewearepollutingourenvironmentwithdangerouschemicals.Ifwecontinuetodothis,humanlifeonearthwillnotsurvive.第40页，共132页。B.文尾

在表述细节后,归纳要点,印象,结论建议或结果,以概括主题.这是英语中最常见的归纳法写作方式。第41页，共132页。第42页，共132页。第43页，共132页。C.文中通常前面只提出问题，文中的主题由随之陈述的细节或合乎逻辑的引申在文中导出,而后又作进一步的解释,支撑或发展。第44页，共132页。(detail)(detail)(detail)第45页，共132页。第46页，共132页。无主题句即主题句隐含在全文中,没有明确的主题句.必须根据文篇中所提供的事实细节，进行全面考虑，综合分析，然后找出共同的东西，归纳成一般概念。必须注意的是，既不能以偏概全，也不能在概括时过于宽泛，要恰如其分。第47页，共132页。detaildetaildetail第48页，共132页。TypesOfParagraphStructurestypeThepositionofthetopicInformationwordsAtthebeginningAttheendInthemiddleNocleartopicsentenceforexample……so,therefore,……第49页，共132页。特别注意：文章中的but,however,asaresult,therefore等词。它们通常是引出中心主旨的方向词。而forexample,first,ortobeginwith等是引出细节的信息词，在它们之前往往提到文章的中心主旨。第50页，共132页。

PassageB(NMET2003)Readingtodogsisanunusualwaytohelpchildrenimprovetheirliteracyskills(读写能力).Withtheirshiningbrowneyes,waggingtails,andunconditionallove,dogscanprovidethenonjudgmentallistenersneededforabeginningreadertogainconfidence(自信心),accordingtoIntermountainTherapyAnimals(ITA)inSaltLakeCity.Thegroupsaysitisthefirstprograminthecountrytousedogstohelpdevelopliteracyinchildren,withtheintroductionofReadingEducationAssistanceDogs(READ).

TheSaltLakeCityPublicLibraryissoldontheidea.“Literacyspecialistsadmitthatchildrenwhoreadbelowtheleveloftheirfellowpupilsareoftenafraidofreadingaloudinagroup,oftenhavelowerself-respect,andregardreadingasaheadache,”saidLisaMyron,managerofthechildren’sdepartment.

LastNovemberthetwogroupsstarted“DogDayAfternoon”inthechildren’sdepartmentofthemainlibrary.About25childrenattendedeachofthefourSaturday-afternoonclasses,readingforhalfanhour.Thosewhoattendedthreeofthefourclassesreceiveda“pawgraphed”bookatthelastclass.TheprogramwassosuccessfulthatthelibraryplanstorepeatitinApril,accordingtoDanaThumpowsky,publicrelationsmanager.

Exampleandsuccessoftheprogram第51页，共132页。Howtogetthemainideaofapassage?第52页，共132页。

PassageB(NMET2003)Readingtodogsisanunusualwaytohelpchildrenimprovetheirliteracyskills(读写能力).Withtheirshiningbrowneyes,waggingtails,andunconditionallove,dogscanprovidethenonjudgmentallistenersneededforabeginningreadertogainconfidence(自信心),accordingtoIntermountainTherapyAnimals(ITA)inSaltLakeCity.Thegroupsaysitisthefirstprograminthecountrytousedogstohelpdevelopliteracyinchildren,withtheintroductionofReadingEducationAssistanceDogs(READ).

TheSaltLakeCityPublicLibraryissoldontheidea.“Literacyspecialistsadmitthatchildrenwhoreadbelowtheleveloftheirfellowpupilsareoftenafraidofreadingaloudinagroup,oftenhavelowerself-respect,andregardreadingasaheadache,”saidLisaMyron,managerofthechildren’sdepartment.

LastNovemberthetwogroupsstarted“DogDayAfternoon”inthechildren’sdepartmentofthemainlibrary.About25childrenattendedeachofthefourSaturday-afternoonclasses,readingforhalfanhour.Thosewhoattendedthreeofthefourclassesreceiveda“pawgraphed”bookatthelastclass.TheprogramwassosuccessfulthatthelibraryplanstorepeatitinApril,accordingtoDanaThumpowsky,publicrelationsmanager.

Exampleandsuccessoftheprogram59.Whatismainlydiscussedinthetext?

A.Children’sreadingdifficulties.B.Advantagesofraisingdogs.C.Serviceinapubliclibrary.D.Aspecialreadingprogram.第53页，共132页。detailsParagraphideasPassageidea第54页，共132页。猜测词义词义猜测题着重考查学生根据上下文猜测词义的能力，这也是一个从“已知”得出“未知”的过程，即利用上下文的已知部分(尤其是该词或短语前后的句子)进行推理，有时还需要依靠常识和经验来猜测词义。第55页，共132页。QuestionForm(1)Theword“…”inLine…means/canbebestreplacedby…(2)Asusedinthepassage,thephrase“…”suggests…(3)Fromthepassage,wecaninferthattheword/phrase“…”is/refersto…(4)Theword“…”isclosestinmeaningto…第56页，共132页。1.Whichofthefollowingwordsisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedwordinthelastparagraph?2.Theunderlinedwordinthesecondparagraphmeans“__________”．3.Theword“it/they”inthelastsentencerefersto“__________”．4.Whatdoesthephrase“__________”inParagraph1mean?5.Theunderlinedword“__________”inParagraph2canbestbereplacedby“__________”．第57页，共132页。根据解释确定词义技巧11.Socialmobilityisthemovementfromoneclassorleveloflivingtoanother.2.Theotherquestionedtheveracity--–thetruthfulnessofthesereports.社会流动性真实性第58页，共132页。3.Heisaresoluteman,oncehesetsupa

goal,hewillnotgiveitupeasily.4.Hewasaprestidigitatorwhoentertained

thechildrenbypullingrabbitsoutofhats,swallowingfire,andothersimilartricks.坚决的变戏法者第59页，共132页。根据对比确定词义技巧2Inthepasttheworldseemedtoruninanorderlyway.Now,however,everythingseemstobeinastateofturmoil.一片混乱第60页，共132页。根据逻辑确定词义技巧3Ifyouarecapableofworkingtwelvehoursadaywithoutarest,andifyoucanengageinphysicalexerciseforhourswithoutseemingtogettired,thenyouareindefatigable.不知疲倦的第61页，共132页。根据上下文情景确定词义技巧4Theunderlinedphrase“moppingup”inthesecondparagraphmeans___.AcleaningupBtakinginCwipingoutDgivingout第62页，共132页。RainforestsliketheAmazonareimportantformoppingupCO2fromtheatmosphereandhelpingtoslowglobalwarming.CurrentlythetreesintheAmazontakeinaround500milliontonsofCO2eachyear:equaltothetotalamountofCO2givingoffintheUKeachyear.第63页，共132页。根据上下文情景确定词义技巧4Theunderlinedphrase“moppingup”inthesecondparagraphmeans___.

AcleaningupBtakinginCwipingoutDgivingout第64页，共132页。利用构词法猜测词义技巧5利用同义词、近义词、反义词猜测词义技巧6第65页，共132页。1.Theoffspringofapairofbirdsleavethenestwhentheyarebigenoughtofly．

A．childrenB．ancestorsC．generationsD．mates2.ThereisastackofpapersonMr.Green’sdesk．

A．pieceB．balanceC．mixtureD．pileTrytodothefollowingexercises:根据上下文推测各题中划线词的词义第66页，共132页。3.Beforeyoubuysomething，checkthe

qualityfirst．Forexample,ifitischeap,itmightnotbegood．

A．howgooditisB．whatthecolorisC．whatthesizeisD．howbigitis4.Pleasegivemeyourrecipeforthiscake，

soIcanmakeittoo．

A．adishB．directionsforcookingC．amealD．directionstoyourhouse第67页，共132页。5.Beforeababylearnstowalk,ithasto

crawlonthefloor．

A．walkontwofeetB．flyC．sitinachairD．moveonthehandsandknees6.Mr.Brownisanamateur

photographer．Heisanengineer．Butinhisfreetimehelikestotakepictures．

A.asahobbyB．formoneyC．asajobD．aswork第68页，共132页。7.ThissmallChristmastreeismadeofplastic．Itisnotarealtree．Itis

artificial．

A.beautifulB.notnaturalC.foraspecialholidayD．inanartmuseum8.whalesandelephantsaregigantic

animals．Nootheranimalscancomparewiththeminsize．

A.smallB．landC．seaD．huge第69页，共132页。9.Thekiwilaysthelargesteggsintheworld.Thestrangethingaboutthekiwiisthatitcannotfly．

A·akindoffishB．akindofcatC.akindofrockD．akindofbird10.SomeAfricanscarvebeautifulhumanandanimalfiguresoutofwood．Theyselltheircarvingstostoresandmuseums．

A．drawB．beatC．heatD．cut第70页，共132页。11.Chickenpoxcanbeveryseriousforachildwhoisnotingoodhealth．Thechilddevelopsredspots，andfeelshotanduncomfortable．Ahealthychildgetswellquickly．

A．akindofanimalB．akindoffoodC．akindofchildhooddiseaseD．alackofpurewater第71页，共132页。12.Alishowedtheclassapictureofhim,hiswife，andtheirbaby．Pierre'sfamilyhaslivedintheeastofCanadafortwohundredyears．TheirancestorscamefromFrance．

A.familymembersfromalongtimeagoB.grandparentsandtheirgrandchildrenC.parents,grandparentsandgreat-grandparentsD．familymembersalllivingatthesametime第72页，共132页。推理判断第73页，共132页。1.不选择照抄原文的选项，要选择要有同义词解释的选项。2.不选事实细节选项3.不选非事实选项4.选概括性/哲理性的选项技巧第74页，共132页。常见问题形式:1.Itcanbeinferred/concludedfromthepassagethat______2.Thepassagesuggests/impliesthat____3.Bythefirstsentenceofthesecondparagraph,theauthormeans_____4.Wecanconcludethat_________.5.Whenthewritertalksabout...,whathereallymeansisthat_____.6.Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthepassage?第75页，共132页。1.Thewritertalkedaboutthewaitress'agebecausehethought___________.A.shewasyoungB.itapleasuretomakefriendswithherC.shewasbeautifulD.itstrangeforhertofallinlovewithhim2.Thewaitresssaidhellotothewritereverydaybecause___________.A.shelivednearhishouseB.heoftenwenttovisithermotherC.shewantedtobefriendlywithhimD.shelovedhimverymuch第76页，共132页。Whentheyoungwaitressnearmyhousestartedsayinghellotomeeveryday,Iwasveryhappy.ShewasatleastfifteenyearsyoungerthanI.Onedayshesignedmetocomenear.WhenIwalkedover,sheasked,”Areyousingle?"“Why,yes."Ianswered,smilingatherhappily.“Soismymother."shesaid,“Wouldyouliketomeether?"第77页，共132页。1.Thewritertalkedaboutthewaitress'agebecausehethought___________.A.shewasyoungB.itapleasuretomakefriendswithherC.shewasbeautifulD.itstrangeforhertofallinlovewithhim2.Thewaitresssaidhellotothewritereverydaybecause___________.A.shelivednearhishouseB.heoftenwenttovisithermotherC.shewantedtobefriendlywithhimD.shelovedhimverymuch第78页，共132页。1.Whydopeopleputhotmetalinwater?A.Tomakeithard.B.Tomakeitsoft.C.Tomakeitcool.D.Tomakeitbrittle.2.Inannealing,therequiredhardnessofmetaldependson__.A.thequantityofwaterusedB.thetemperatureofthemetalC.thesoftnessofthemetalD.thetimingoftheoperation第79页，共132页。3.Assuggestedbythetext,howcanglassbemadelessbrittle?A.Itcanbeheatedandthencooledquickly.B.Itcanbecooledandthenheatedslowly.C.Itcanbeheatedandthencooledslowly.D.Itcanbecooledandthenheatedquickly.第80页，共132页。Annealingisawayofmakingmetalsofterbyheatingitandthenlettingitcoolveryslowly.Ifmetalisheatedandthencooledveryquickly,forexamplebydipping(浸)itinwater,itwillbeveryhardbutalsoverybrittle-thatis,itwillbreakeasily.Metalthathasbeenannealedissoftbutdoesnotbreakaseasily.Itispossibletomakemetalashardorassoftasitiswished,byannealing第81页，共132页。it.Themetalisheated,andallowedtocoolslowlyforacertainlengthoftime.Thelongertheheatedmetaltakestocoolslowly,thesofteritbecomes.Annealingcanalsobeusedonothermaterial,suchasglass.第82页，共132页。1.Whydopeopleputhotmetalinwater?A.Tomakeithard.B.Tomakeitsoft.C.Tomakeitcool.D.Tomakeitbrittle.2.Inannealing,therequiredhardnessofmetaldependson___________.A.thequantityofwaterusedB.thetemperatureofthemetalC.thesoftnessofthemetalD.thetimingoftheoperation第83页，共132页。3.Assuggestedbythetext,howcanglassbemadelessbrittle?A.Itcanbeheatedandthencooledquickly.B.Itcanbecooledandthenheatedslowly.C.Itcanbeheatedandthencooledslowly.D.Itcanbecooledandthenheatedquickly.第84页，共132页。观点和态度第85页，共132页。理解作者的观点和态度题：既考查学生对字面意思的理解，也考查学生对作者写作目的、态度、观点等的理解。正确理解作者的写作意图，所持的观点及阐述文章主题时语气或他对所论述的对象的态度。假如你是作者，你为什么要写本文？第86页，共132页。此类考题的主要形式：1.Thewriter’spurposeinwritingthisstoryis______.2.Thetextdiscussesmenandwomen50,000yearsfromnowinordertoshowthat_____.第87页，共132页。辨认三种作者使用的表达情感、态度及观点的词汇，以及承接上下文的连接词。注意：贬义：disgust,critical,negative,

tolerant,disappointment褒义:

positive,wonder,support,useful,interesting,enthusiasm,admiring…中立:

indifferent,impassive,uninterested,ambivalent,neutral,apathetic,disinterested,

第88页，共132页。Theauthorappears___modernadvertising.

A.tolikeB.tobeindifferenttoC.todislikeD.toknowhowtodealwithe.g.第89页，共132页。Oneofthemostauthoritativevoicesspeakingtoustodayis,ofcourse,thevoiceoftheadvertisers.Itshoutsatusfromthetelevisionscreenandtheradioloudspeakers;wavestousfromeverypageofthenewspaper;signalstousfromtheroadsidebill-boardsalldayandflashestousincoloredlightsallnight.(根据文章作者用词来判断)第90页，共132页。Theauthorappears___modernadvertising.

A.tolikeB.tobeindifferenttoC.todislikeD.toknowhowtodealwithe.g.第91页，共132页。Thewriterusestheexampleof“ocelots”toshowthat_________.A.wildanimalshavebecomemoredangerousB.thedrivingconditionshaveimprovedgreatlyC.themeasureforprotectingwildlifefailstoworkD.anincreasingnumberofanimalsarekilledinroadaccidents.第92页，共132页。MillionsofanimalsdieeachyearonU.S.roads,theFederalHighwayAdministrationreports.Infact,onlyabout80ocelots,anendangeredwildcat,existintheU.S.today.Themainreason?Roadkill.第93页，共132页。Thewriterusestheexampleof“ocelots”toshowthat_________.A.wildanimalshavebecomemoredangerousB.thedrivingconditionshaveimprovedgreatlyC.themeasureforprotectingwildlifefailstoworkD.anincreasingnumberofanimalsarekilledinroadaccidents.第94页，共132页。篇章结构第95页，共132页。１．说明文的基本结构DescriptivewritingDefinition(Introduction)Description(Explanation)ConclusionExamplesComparisonClassification第96页，共132页。2.议论文的基本结构ArgumentationTopicArgumentsconclusionOpinionSupportingsentencesfactsexamplestheory论点论据结论第97页，共132页。3.记叙文的基本结构NarrativewritingsStorypresentationEndingTimecluesInvertedtimecluessurprisinghumorous第98页，共132页。对文章基本结构理解的考查方式:1.问结构１）Howisthetextorganized?A.Topic—Argument—ExplanationB.Opinion—Discussion—DescriptionC.Mainidea—comparison—supportingexamplesD.Introduction—supportingexamples--conclusion第99页，共132页。2)Thefirstparagraphisusedas…/to…3)ThefirstparagraphmentionedPeterJennings’deathinorderto______.2.问指代1)Theword“everything”inparagraph2means____2)Whatdoestheunderlinedwordinparagraph4referto?第100页，共132页。3.问文章出处/前文／后续1).Thepassageismostlikelytobetakenfrom___2.Thepassageismostlikelyapartof____3)Thepassageismostlikelytobetakenfromthearticleentitled_____4)Whatmaybetalkedaboutbeforethefirstparagraph?/afterthelastparagraph?5)Theparagraphfollowingthepassagewillprobablydiscuss____第101页，共132页。

小试身手：第102页，共132页。第103页，共132页。

1.

Magellan’smenwerethefirsttomakethetriparoundtheworld.Ittookthemmorethantwoyearstodosobyship.Magellan’svoyagewasthefirsttriparoundtheworld.第104页，共132页。1.time2.shipsandpeople3.route4.Sufferingsanddifficultiesa.Lackoffoodandfreshwaterb.Hungeranddiseases

c.DeathsTheprocessofMagellan’slongdifficultvoyage5.success第105页，共132页。

3.Magellan’svoyageprovedthatmencouldsailaroundtheworldandthatourearthisbutahugeball.Magellan’svoyagedprovedtheearthisround.第106页，共132页。Para1:Magellan’svoyagewasthefirsttriparoundtheworld.Para2:TheprocessofMagellan’slongdifficultvoyagePara3:Magellan’svoyageprovedtheearthisround.Magellan’svoyage第107页，共132页。(toonarrow)(toonarrow)(toobroad)(proper)第108页，共132页。遵循四字原则:准全新用精炼的语言概括出文章的中心思想要注意文章的内涵和外延,把作者的观点准确地表达出来.要排除掉那些片面的选项,选取包含文章的主要内容及作者观点的选项,范围不宜过大或过小.所选择的标题要新颖,对读者有吸引力,能激发读者的阅读兴趣.精第109页，共132页。应试技巧1.主题句的特点主题句所表达的意思具有概括性句子结构简单明了,作者一般不会采用长句或结构复杂的句子作为文章的主题句文章或段落的其他句子都是对主题句的进一步解释,说明,论证或扩展.

第110页，共132页。一.文首找主题句,提炼文章标题

新闻报道,说明文,议论文二:文尾找主题句,提炼标题或归纳大意.议论文总--分--总三:首尾呼应展现主题句,瞻前顾