《高中英语选择性必修四Unit 4 Review useful structures》课件

Unit4

Grammar—ReviewofphrasesLearningobjectivesReviewhowtousephrasesLearntodistinguishphrasesandusethemflexiblyLearntousephrasescorrectlyindailylivesI.Completethesentences.1.我一直非常渴望吃一些我最喜欢的糖果，而且收到邮包总是令人开心。______________________havesomeofmyfavouritesweets,and____________________!I’vebeendyingto2.混合物冒着泡从试管中涌出，洒得到处都是。Themixture__________________thetesttube__________________.wasbubblingoutofit’salwaysnicetogetmailspillingeverywhere3.汤贝的父亲穆卡普，一位下巴结实、额头满是皱纹的男人，把我们带到他的房子前。Tombe’sfather,Mukap,____________________________________,________tohishouse.amanwithastrongjaw4.接着他把热石头放入一个空油桶，里面有栲栲（甘薯）、熟玉米和青菜。Hethenplacedthehotstones______________withkaukau(sweetpotato),ripecorn,andgreens.inanemptyoildrumledusandawrinkledforehead5.后来，我注意到有一个罐子倒立在火炉上面的烤架上。Later,Inoticed________________________onthegrilloverthefire.acanstandingupsidedown6.当我们拖着沉重的步伐下山回家时，我浑身鸡肉酸痛，双膝颤抖。Mymuscleswereachingandmykneesshakingaswe___________________________towardshome.draggedourselvesdowntheMountainLook

at

the

following

phrases

and

recognizetheir

types.Nounphrase(NP)名词短语Verbphrase(VP)Adverbialphrase(AdvP)Adjectivephrase(AdjP)

Prepositionalphrase(PreP)动词短语形容词短语副词短语介词短语①clothesshop②developedcountries③thefirststudentstogettoschool④themore,thebetter⑤frombehind⑥infavorof⑦giveup⑧findaseattositonNPNPNPAdjPPrePPrePVPVP一、名词短语(nounphrase,简称NP)

名词短语至少是两个词,名词与它的修饰语一起构成名词短语。

名词短语中的修饰语:

一般来说,名词前面有两种修饰语。其一是限定词,

用来限定名词所指的范围,对名词起泛指或特指、定量或不定量等的限定修饰作用。

形容词作定语ausefulbookashoestore前置定语名词作定语V-ing和V-ed作定语boilingwaterboiledwater指出下列句子中画线名词短语所作的句子成分，并注意其组成。1.Theseideasmayseemstrangetoyou.作______2.Weloveourgreatmotherlandverymuch.作_____3.Themanwearingablackcoatisourteacher.作_____4.ThosebeautifulflowerscomefromYunnanProvince.作_____5.Weelectedhimmonitorofourclass.作______主语宾语表语主语宾语补足语合作探究11.名词短语在句中作名词用，一般用作___________________________________

等。2.名词短语由“(限定词)＋(数词、形容词、形容词短语、描述性名词)＋

名词

＋(介词短语)”组成。主语、

宾语、表语、宾语补足语

【提醒】限定词包括冠词(a,an,the)、指示代词(this,that,these,those等)、物主代词(my,your,his,her,our,their等)和不定代词(some,no,neither,both等)。Conclusion1指出下列句子中画线部分所作的成分。Hegotthreegoldmedalsatthe23rdOlympicGames. 作______2.Thetallbuildingwasbuiltlastyear.作_____3.Thisisaveryinterestingbook.作______4.Wemadehimcaptainofourteam.作______宾语主语表语宾语补足语巩固内化1一、名词短语(NP)二、形容词短语(AdjP)指出下列句子中画线形容词短语所作的句子成分，并注意其组成。1.Theairtodayisniceandclean.

作_____2.Sheisalivelyandlovely

girl.

作_____3.Hefoundthefilmveryinteresting.

作_____表语定语宾语补足语

合作探究2

形容词短语是指以一个形容词为中心构成的短语，在句子中的功能相当于形容词。1.形容词短语在句中作形容词用，可以修饰名词或代词，作_____，还可用作_______或者________等。2.形容词短语由“(副词)＋

形容词

＋(介词短语)”组成。

表语宾语补足语

定语二、形容词短语(AdjP)Conclusion2指出下列句子中画线部分所作的成分。1.Thisisasubjectworthyofcarefulstudy.作________2.OurEnglishteacherisveryniceandpatient.作________3.Ifounditveryhardtogetalongwithforeigners.作________定语表语宾语补足语

巩固内化2

副词短语是指以一个副词为中心构成的短语，在句子中的功能相当于副词。三、副词短语(AdvP)

指出下列句子中画线副词短语所作的句子成分，并注意其组成。1.Heranveryquicklyyesterday.修饰_______作_______动词状语合作探究3三、副词短语(AdvP)2.Iammuchtoopleasedtoseeyou.

修饰_______作_______3.Sheplayswellenoughasabeginner.修饰_______作_______4.Heworkedmuchmorecarefullyonthenewdesign. 修饰_______作_______形容词

状语动词状语副词状语合作探究31.副词短语在句中作副词用，可以修饰动词、形容词或副词，作_________等。2.副词短语由“(修饰语)＋

副词”组成。状语三、副词短语(AdvP)Conclusion3【提醒】副词enough在修饰形容词或者副词构成形容词短语或者副词短语时，一般放在所修饰的形容词或者副词后面。1.Hiswifeoften_______________________.

他的妻子经常警告他开车不要太快。2.Don’tworry.Mymotherwill_________________________________.不要担心，我妈妈会很细心地照顾你的孩子。warnshimnottodrivetoofastlookafter三、副词短语(AdvP)巩固内化3yourbabycarefullyenough3.I__________________________,butIhaven’thadtimetoplaysincethenewyear.

我乒乓球打得很好，但是自从新年以来我就没有时间打了。playping-pongquitewell三、副词短语(AdvP)巩固内化3①

在英语中动词短语按其在句子中的功能可分为谓语动词和非谓语动词短语。

②

谓语动词是由时态、人称和数来决定动词形式,是表示动作或状态的,它又可分为:实义动词、连系动词、情态动词和助动词四种。四、动词短语(verbphrases)

非谓语动词就是不能作句子谓语而具有其他语法功能的动词。

四、动词短语(verbphrases)①

putback放回去

②

callback回电话③

breakdown出故障④

turndown调小⑤

comeup上升

1、动词＋副词⑥

blowup爆炸⑦showoff炫耀⑧

giveoff散发⑨breakout突然发生⑩

runout用完动词短语的构成①

bringabout引起

②

contributeto导致③

fallinto陷入 ④

seekfor寻找⑤

burstinto闯入

2、动词＋介词⑥

lookinto

调查⑦

seeto

处理；负责

⑧

devoteto

贡献给⑨

dealwith

处理⑩

believein

信任①addupto总计

②keepawayfrom远离③lookdownon轻视 ④keepupwith赶上⑤makeupfor弥补

3、动词＋副词＋介词⑥getonwith相处

⑦getacrossto使明白⑧getoutof逃避,避免⑨putupwith忍受⑩catchupwith赶上①catchsightof看见,瞥见

②makeuseof利用③payattentionto注意 ④makesenseof理解⑤takenoticeof注意到

⑥takecareof照看4、动词＋名词＋介词

⑦takepartin参加⑧takeadvantageof

利用⑨takepridein

为……感到自豪⑩makeroomfor

为……腾出空间(1)战争爆发时，他已经离开了家乡。________________________,hehadlefthishometown.(2)据说，警察正在调查这个案件。

Itissaidthatthepolicemen

__________________________．When

the

war

broke

outare

looking

into

the

case(3)他一直看不起那些欠钱不还的人。

He______________________________thosewhodon'tpaytheirdebts.(4)那位老人很善良，为男孩腾出了地方。

Theoldmanwassokindthathe________________________．has

been

looking

down

onmade

room

for

the

boyTip

英文中的介词不能单独使用,其后必须接宾语,所接的宾语往往是名词短语,也可以是单个的名词。e.g.：thebirdinthetree

树上的那只鸟thedevelopmentofChina

中国的发展

以介词为中心词的短语叫作介词短语，可在句子作

等。五、介词短语(PreP)

指出下列句子中画线副词短语所作的句子成分，并注意其组成。1、Hewashuntingintheforest

whenhesawtheterriblebear.

作_______状语合作探究五、介词短语(PreP)2、Ithinkthatyoursonmustbeontheplaygroundnow.

作_______3、Theappleonthetableisreservedformylittledaughter. 作_______4、Itwassotinythatwehadtoleaveoursuitcasesinthehallway. 作_______表语定语宾补合作探究

以介词为中心词的短语叫作介词短语，可在句子作

等。五、介词短语(PreP)状语、表语、定语、宾补等1．AtfirstRobertwouldn'tlethisdaughtergodiving,buteventuallyhegave______asshewassoconfidentaboutherskills.2．I'mgoingtotakeadvantage______thistourtoexplorethehistoryofthecastle.3．Mr.andMrs.Brownwouldliketoseetheirdaughtersettle________,getmarried,andhavekids.inofdown1.Identifythephrasesinthefollowingsentencesandstatetheirfunctions.Example：Mysecondaryschoolisabushschool.NP(subject)NP(predicative)1.I’vebeendyingtohavesomeofmyfavouritesweets,andit’salwaysnicetogetmail!2.Themixturewasbubblingoutofthetesttube

spillingeverywhere!VP(predicate)NP(object)AdjP(predicative)VP(predicate)NP(object)AdvP(adverbial)NP(subject)Identifythephrasesinthefollowingsentencesandstatetheirfunctions.3.Tombe’sfather,Mukap,amanwithastrongjawandawrinkledforehead,ledustohishouse.4.Hethenplacedthehotstonesinanemptyoildrumwithkaukau(sweetpotato),ripecorn,andgreens.NP(subject)PrepP(attributive)VP(predicate)NP(object)PrepP(adverbial)PrepP(adverbial)PrepP(adverbial)NP(appositive)5.Later,Inoticedacanstandingupsidedownonthegrill

overthefire.6.Mymuscleswereachingandmykneesshakingaswedraggedourselvesdownthemountaintowardshome.AdvP(adverbial)PrepP(adverbial)NP(subject)PrepP(adverbial)PrepP(adverbial)AdvP(adverbial)VP(predicate)NP(subject)VP(predicate)NP(object)Theproperphrasesmakethelanguageinformative,diverseandvivid.WorkbookP83Activity2:Analysetheuseofphrasesanddiscusswhatfeelingscanbeexpressedbyusingthephrases.WorkbookP83Theyexpressthefeelingofjoy,asifhisdreamisasbrightasasun.Theyexpressthefeelingofsadness,asnowhislifeisindarkness.WorkbookP83Theyexpressthefeelingofpoweranddeterminationtochangehislife.BackgroundinformationHowmuchdoyouknowabouttheBeltandRoadInitiative?WhenwastheideaoftheBeltandRoadfirstputforward?WhatistheaimoftheBeltandRoad?In2013.Toimproveinfrastructurealongtheroutes,anetworkofhighways,railways,ports,facilitiesforenergy,healthcareandeducation;

provideassistanceinareas;allowisolatedareastodeveloptogether;

facilitate

investmentandculturalexchange.Activity3:Completethepassagewiththephrasesintheirproperforms.(P41)beautifulmodernroad,achorusof,dustytrack,straighttowards,alargeamountofinvestment,withdangerousdiseaseChinahasoffered____________________________tomanycountriesinitsBeltandRoadInitiative.IntheCongo,many___________havebeentransformedinto_____________________sincethen.alargeamountofinvestmentdustytracksbeautifulmodernroadsTrainsrun________________EuropefromChina,andtoChinafromEurope,bringingnewjobsandopportunitiestobothends.Chinesehealthcareworkershavealsobeensenttoprovideaidtoplaces______________________.Despiteallthedifficultiesinvolvedinthisproject,theseeffortshavebeengreetedwith__________supportfromthelocals.straighttowardswithdangerousdiseasesachorusofbeautifulmodernroad,achorusof,dustytrack,straighttowards,alargeamountofinvestment,withdangerousdiseaseActivity4:Readthisadvertisementandanswerthe

followingquestions.(P41)Imagineyouareaneditorofavolunteerwebsite.Addphrasestothefollowingadvertisementtomakeitmoreexciting.Whatphrasescanyouaddto

describethesituationinGuinea?stresstheimportanceofvolunteersandactivities?arousetheemotionoftheintendedreaders?

InordertoeasesufferinginGuinea___________________________________________,volunteers______________________areneededtoprovidehealthcareinformation______________________.Asavolunteer,youwillberesponsiblefororganizinglectures,preparingposters,andvisitingschoolsandfamilies__________________________________.Thereisnodoubtthattheseactivitieswillleaveyouwithunforgettablememories__________________.Theprogrammewilllastforoneyearormore,dependingonyourperformance.Youneedtobeover18andabletocommunicate________________________________.Youdon’tneedtohaveoverseasexperience,butyoushouldbefriendlyandoutgoing___________________.fromalackofdoctorsandgoodhealthcareadvicewithahearttohelpotherstopeopleinruralvillageswellbothinspokenandthroughoutthesouthernpartofthenationfortherestofyourlifewithawonderfulsmilewrittenEnglishCompareThesituationinGuineaisdetailed.TheystresstheimportanceofvolunteersActivitiesaredescribedmorespecific.Theyarousetheemotionoftheintendedreaderstotakeurgentactiontoofferaid.Afterpolishingtheadvertisementwithproperphrases,wecanfindthat:Activity5:Finishtehstorywithphrasesandgiveitatitle.(P65)一、核心单词1.__________

adj.中学的;次要的

2.______

n.沙土;灰尘vi.&

vt.擦灰

3.________

n.校服;制服adj.一致的;统一的

4.______

adj.死板的;固执的

5.______

vt.给……遮挡(光线);加灯罩;把……涂暗n.阴凉处;灯罩;阴影部分

6.________

n.平台;站台;舞台

7._______

vi.&vt.辞职;辞去

8.________

vt.值得;应得;应受

9._____

n.情况;信息;投入;输入

vt.输入10.________

vt.感染(疾病);与……订立合同(或契约)

n.合同;契约secondarydustuniformrigidshadeplatformresigndeserveinputcontractⅠ.选用左栏单词并用其适当形式填空1.Everythingwas________inhiswetanddarkroom.

2.Sheissohard-workingthatshe________tosucceed.

3.Tomhas________hismembershipofthegolfclub.

4.Withtheoldmanleadingtheway,weentereda______house.

5.Studyfoundthatchildrenasyoungas8wereusingsocialmedia________

largelyforentertainment.

6.Theydonotrequirestudentstowear________,sostudentscanwearalmostwhatevertheylike.

shadeddeservesresigneddustyplatformsuniforms二、拓展词汇1.dustn.沙土;灰尘vi.&

vt.擦灰→________

adj.布满灰尘的

2.housen.房子;房屋vt.给(某人)提供住处→________

n.住房;住宅

3.chemistryn.化学→________

n.化学家;药剂师;药房→________

adj.与化学有关的;化学的n.化学制品;化学品

4.disablevt.使失去能力→________

adj.有残疾的;丧失能力的→________

n.失去能力;伤残

5.lateadj.迟的;已故的→________

adv.最近;不久前;近来→________

adv.稍后;后来

6.consultvt.请教;查阅(词典、参考书等)→___________n.咨询;咨询会→___________adj.顾问

7.stableadj.稳定的;稳固的;稳重的→________

n.稳定(性);稳固(性)dustyhousingchemistchemicaldisableddisabilitylatelylaterconsultationconsultantstabilityⅡ.用所给单词的适当形式填空

1.The________foundanew________element.(chemistry)

2.Allthefurnitureiscoveredwith________andtheflooris________;Iguesstheroomhasbeenemptyforalongtime.(dust)

3.Foralongtime,mental________wasconsideredshamefulandthementally________receivedlittletreatmentorencouragement.(disable)

4.________,the________scientificdiscoveriescastdoubtontheearliertheory.Soaweek________,ameetingwillbeheldtoconfirmifthetheoryisvalid.(late)

5.Manyoldpeopleinthatcountryarelivinginbad________.(house)

6.Myfatherwantedmetobecomeaprofessionalandhavemore________.(stable)

chemistchemicaldustdustydisabilitydisabled

Latelylatestlaterhousingstability三、核心短语1.___________

齐声;异口同声

2.______________

更不用说;且不说

3._________________

认为(……)是理所当然;对(……)