【新教材】人教版（2024）八年级上册英语Unit 5 What a Delicious Meal!语法知识点讲义

第第页【新教材】人教版（2024）八年级上册英语Unit5WhataDeliciousMeal!语法知识点讲义一：Teachingaims:1．Listening:Aconversationaboutmakingmashedpotatoes2．Speaking:Describetheprocessformakingfood3．Reading:Areflectiononfoodandmemory4．Writing:Writeapostonhowtomakeadish5．Grammar:Exclamatorysentences;countable/uncountablenouns二：单元语法感叹句感叹句：是表示喜、怒、哀、乐以及惊奇、诧异等强烈感情的句子，句末通常用感叹号。（一）基本句型：1.

What+(a/an)+形容词+名词+主语+谓语！2.

How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语！（二）用法：1.由what引导的感叹句，其句子结构可分为以下三种：(1)

What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语！·What

a

nice

present

it

is！它是一件多么好的礼物啊！·What

an

interesting

book

it

is！它是一本多么有趣的书啊！(2)

What+形容词+可数名词复数+主语+谓语！·What

beautiful

flowers

they

are！多么漂亮的花啊！(3)

What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语！·What

fine

weather

it

is

today！今天天气多好啊！·What

important

news

it

is！多重要的新闻啊！2.由how引导的感叹句，其句子结构可分为以下两种：(1)

How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语！·How

careful

she

is！她多么细心啊！·How

high

he

jumps！他跳得多高啊！(2)

How+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数+主语+谓语！·How

beautiful

a

girl

she

is！她是个多么漂亮的姑娘啊！·How

amazing

an

invention

this

is！这是一项多么了不起的发明啊！3.由what引导的感叹句与由how引导的感叹句有时可以转换，但句中部分单词的顺序要有所变化。·How

beautiful

a

girl

she

is!=What

a

beautiful

girl

she

is!·What

delicious

cakes

these

are!=How

delicious

these

cakes

are！4.在口语中，感叹句的主语和谓语常常省略。·What

a

nice

present！(省略it

is)·How

disappointed！(省略she

is或其他可作本句主、谓语的词语)5.有时感叹句也可以由一个单词、词组、祈使句或陈述句等构成。·Good

idea！好主意！·Wonderful！太精彩了！·Do

come

to

the

party！务必要来参加聚会啊！三：重点词汇peppern.胡椒粉；菜椒；beefwithblackpepper黑椒牛柳；greenpeppers青椒·Mostpeoplelikebeefwithblackpepper.大多数的人喜欢黑椒牛柳。cut

v.切；割；剪(教材P42)cut

up意为“切碎；剁碎”，是“动词+副词”型短语，宾语是代词时，须放在cut和up之间；宾语是名词时，可放在cut和up之间，也可放在up的后面。·Please

cut

the

meat

up.=Please

cut

up

the

meat.请把肉切碎。·There

are

some

apples

here.

Please

cut

them

up.这儿有些苹果。请把它们切碎。cutsth.in/intosth.将切成·Mymomaskedmetocutthepotatoesintothinpieces.妈妈让我把土豆丝切成片儿。（3）cutsth.intopieces把某物切成块·Couldyoupleasehelpmecutthemeatintopiece？请你帮我把这些肉切成块好吗？（4）常见的cut短语归纳：cut

away切除；剪去

cut

off中断；切掉cut

back削减；修剪

cut

in插嘴cut

down砍倒

cut

out删除；停止运转mix/mɪks/

v.（使）混合；融合；调配；/n.混合；混杂；混合料(教材P42)mix作动词，意为“（使）混合；融合；调配”。·I

like

to

mix

red

and

blue

paint

to

make

purple

paint.我喜欢把红色和蓝色的油漆混合在一起做成紫色的油漆。·The

two

musicians

mixed

their

styles

perfectly

during

the

concert.这两位音乐家在音乐会上完美地融合了他们的风格。·Can

you

mix

me

a

glass

of

lemonade?你能给我调配一杯柠檬水吗?<1>mix

up弄乱·Don't

mix

up

these

application

forms.别把这些申请表弄乱了。<2>mix…with…把…和…混合·Mix

the

eggs

with

the

flour.把鸡蛋和面粉混合在一起。<3>mixsth.in/intosth.把某物混合进另一物中·Pleasemixthecoffeeintothemilk.请把咖啡混合进牛奶里。<4>mixwell充分混合·Ishakethebottletomixwell.我摇晃瓶子使其充分混合。（2）mix作名词，意为“混合；混杂；混合料”；concretemix混凝土拌合料·The

mix

of

colours

on

the

painting

is

really

beautiful.这幅画上的颜色混合真的很漂亮。·The

concrete

is

made

of

a

mix

of

cement,

sand,

and

gravel.混凝土是由水泥、沙子和碎石混合而成的。（3）mixture

/'mɪkstʃə(r)/

n.混合物；结合体（教材P46）mixture名词，意为“混合物；结合体”；是由mix派生而来的名词。常用搭配有：(1)liquid

mixture液体混合物；(2)gas

mixture气体混合物·Water

and

sugar

make

a

sweet

mixture.水和糖形成了一种甜的混合物。·My

friend

is

a

mixture

of

shyness

and

outgoingness.我的朋友既害羞又外向，是个结合体。·The

salad

has

a

mixture

of

vegetables

and

fruits.沙拉里有蔬菜和水果的混合物。·The

mixture

of

oil

and

water

separated

after

a

while.油和水的混合物过了一会儿就分开了。bakev.烘焙·Didyoulearntobakecakes?你学会烤蛋糕了吗？ovenn.烤箱；烤炉；intheoven在烤箱里·TheweatherinXi’anisashotasanoven.西安的天气热得像烤炉。pour

sth.

into

sth.将······倒入······(教材P42)·Please

pour

the

milk

into

the

glass.请把牛奶倒入玻璃杯里。·Can

you

help

me

pour

the

soup

into

the

bowl?你能帮我把汤倒入碗里吗？***常见的pour短语归纳：pour

out(感情或话语)迸发；pour

oneself

into投身于pour

cold

water

on泼冷水；pour

down倾盆大雨flourn.面粉boilv.煮沸；烧开；/n.沸腾；沸点boilsth.煮某物·Thelittlegirlisboilingeggs.这个小女孩正在煮鸡蛋。buttern.黄油·MuchofourbuttercomesfromNewZealand.我们的黄油大多产自新西兰。cheesen.奶酪·Don’tputcheeseonthetopofyourpizza.别把奶酪放在你的披萨上。tablespoonn.一汤匙（的量）；餐匙；汤匙onetablespoonof...一汤匙·MayIhaveatablespoonoftomatosoup?我可以来一汤匙番茄汤吗？mashv.捣烂；捣碎；mashsth.把某物捣碎·Pleasemashsomegarlicforthedumplings.请给饺子捣碎一些蒜泥。stir-fryv.翻炒；炒；煸·Youneedtostir-frythegggs你需要翻炒一会儿鸡蛋一会儿。do

with处理(教材P43)辨析：deal

with

与

do

with（二者都可表示“处理”，侧重点不同）deal

with表示“处理”侧重方式、方法，与how连用。do

with侧重对象，与

what连用。·What

should

I

do

with

this

old

toy?我应该怎么处理这个旧玩具?·But

do

you

know

what

to

do

with

your

body

in

a

speech?但你知道在演讲中如何运用你的肢体语言吗?·Teachers

know

how

to

deal

with

kids

who

don't

listen.老师们知道如何应对不听讲的孩子。bowln.碗；鉢；盆；abowlof一碗·Thereisasetofbeautifulbowlinthecupboard.橱柜里有一组漂亮的碗。heat/hiːt/v.加热；变热；/n.热；温度；炎热天气heat可作不可数名词。heatup加热；气氛或情感升温；heatwave热浪（持续的高温天气）·In

summer,

the

heat

can

be

really

uncomfortable.夏天，炎热天气会让人很不舒服。·The

heat

wave

has

lasted

for

a

week.热浪已经持续了一个星期了。heat可作及物动词动词。·I

help

Mom

heat

the

milk

for

breakfast.我帮助妈妈加热牛奶做早餐。（3）heated作heat的形容词，意为“加热了的；激烈的”。·The

heated

pool

feels

really

nice

on

cold

days.在寒冷的日子里，温水池让人感觉真的很舒服。oiln.食用油；石油；燃油；/v.给加润滑油·Heattheoilbeforestir-frying.炒菜之前先热油。pann.平底锅；烤盘；ina/thepan在锅里·Imakepancakesinapan.我用平底锅烙饼。put

sth.

back将……放回

(教材P43)（1）put

sth.

back

是一个常用的英语短语,常用于指示或描述将物品归还原位的行为，意思是“把某物放回”。·Please

put

the

book

back

on

the

shelf

afterfinishing

reading

it.看完书后,请把它放回书架上。·I

forgot

to

put

the

glasses

back

in

the

cupboard.我忘记把玻璃杯放回橱柜里了。（2）put的其他搭配：put

away

把……收好；put

on

穿上；put

out

扑灭；put

up张贴；搭建；put

off

推迟·

Please

put

away

all

your

clothes.请把你所有的衣服收好。·They

put

out

the

fire

finally.

他们最终扑灭了这场火。·He

put

up

some

signs

on

the

wall.他在墙上贴了一些标志。·Wedon’tneedtoputoffthemeeting.我们不需要推迟这次会议。simple/'sɪmpl/adj.简单的；朴素的（教材P43）simple是形容词，常用意思是“简单的”，此时相当于形容词easy；还可意为“朴素的”；其反义词complexadj.复杂的。其副词形式为simply，意为“仅仅，只，不过；简单地”。·The

maths

problem

is

very

simple.这道数学题很简单。·They

found

contentment

in

living

a

simple

life.他们在简朴的生活中得到满足。·She

simply

enjoys

reading

books

in

her

free

time.她只是喜欢在空闲时间看书。ingredient/in'gri:diənt/n.食材；成份instruction/ɪn'strʌkʃn/

n.（pl.）用法说明；操作指南instruction作名词，意为“用法说明；操作指南”。常见搭配：give/follow

the

instructions发出指示；遵循说明·You’d

better

read

the

instructions

before

you

use

the

new

washing

machine.你在使用新洗衣机前，最好读一下说明书。·The

toy

comes

with

clear

instructions

on

how

to

play

with

it.这个玩具附有清晰的玩耍指南。instruct作动词，意为“命令；指示；吩咐；通知；教授”。常用结构：instruct

sb.

to

do

sth.命令/指导某人做某事·The

teacher

instructed

the

students

to

read

the

text

aloud.老师命令学生们大声朗读课文。（3）instructive作形容词，意为“富有教益的；增长知识的”，常用作定语或表语。·The

movie

was

very

instructive

and

taught

us

a

lot

about

history.这部电影很有教育意义，教会了我们很多历史知识。

steamedfish清蒸鱼；makesteamedfish做清蒸鱼souradj.酸的；有酸味的；hotandsoursoup酸辣汤·Hotandsoursoupismoredeliciousthananyothersoup.酸辣汤比其他任何汤都美味。mess

/

mes/n.脏乱；凌乱(教材P45)·Mom

said

we

need

to

tidy

up

the

living

room

because

it's

a

real

mess.妈妈说我们需要整理一下客厅，因为它太乱了。make

a

mess弄得一团糟·Don't

make

a

mess

in

the

kitchen

while

you'

re

cooking,

please.你做饭的时候请不要把厨房里弄得一团糟。(be)

in

a

mess乱七八糟·Put

your

toys

away

and

don't

leave

the

roominamess.把你的玩具收拾好，不要把房间里弄得乱七八糟。·Iamsobusythatmyhouseisinamess.我太忙了以至于房子乱糟糟的。get（sth.）into

a

mess（使某人）陷入困境；遇到麻烦·Shealwaysgetsintoamesswhenshetriestocookalone.她独自做饭时总是把事情搞得一团糟。mess

/

mes/v.弄乱；弄脏messup弄乱；搞糟·Thekidsmessedupthelivingroom.孩子们把客厅弄得乱七八糟。·Shemessedupthedishbyaddingtoomuchsalt.她加了太多的盐，把菜搞砸了。pretty

/'prɪti/

adj.漂亮的；美丽的；/adv.相当；十分；非常(教材P45)（1）pretty作形容词，意为“漂亮的；美丽的”，同义词为beautiful，但beautiful通常更正式、更强烈。·The

flowers

in

the

garden

are

pretty.花园里的花很漂亮。·Look

The

sunset

is

so

pretty

today.瞧！今天的日落真漂亮。（2）pretty作副词，意为“相当；十分；非常”，常用来修饰形容词或副词，表示程度上的加强。·The

weather

is

pretty

warm

today.今天天气相当暖和。·I'm

pretty

sure

he'

ll

come.我相当确定他会来。（3）pretty的比较级是prettier，最高级是prettiest。Christmasn.圣诞节；ChristmasEve圣诞前夕；MerryChristmas圣诞快乐·WewishyouamerryChristmas.我们祝你圣诞节快乐。pancaken.烙饼；薄饼·PancakesarethemostpopularamongpeopleinChina.烙饼在中国最受人们的欢迎。dream/driːm/n.梦想；梦；/v.（dreamt或dreamed）做梦；梦见；梦想（教材P45）dream作名词，意为“梦想；梦”。dream

world梦幻世界；inadream在梦中·I

have

a

dream

of

becoming

a

doctor

when

I

grow

up.我梦想长大后成为一名医生。·Her

dream

is

to

travel

around

the

world.她的梦想是环游世界。dream作动词，意为“做梦；梦见；梦想”。<1>dream

about梦见·Last

night,I

dreamed

about

my

grandparents.昨晚，我梦见了我的祖父母。<2>dream

of/about

doing

sth.梦想做某事·He

dreamed

of

a

peaceful

world

without

war.他梦想着一个没有战争的和平世界。university/ˌjuːnɪ'vɜːsəti/n.（综合性）大学；高等学府（教材P45）辨析：university与collegeuniversity主要指综合性的大学或高等学府。college可以指大学内的学院或专科院校，也可以是独立的高等教育机构。·My

mom

wants

me

to

go

to

university

when

I

grow

up.我妈妈想让我长大后上大学。·My

dad

says

he

learned

a

lot

at

his

university.我爸爸说他在大学里学到了很多。·My

sister

is

going

to

college

next

year.我姐姐明年要上大学了。graduatefromauniversity大学毕业universitystudent/professor/degree大学生/大学教授/大学学历***关于学校的其他表达：primary

school小学；junior

high

school初中；senior

high

school高中；graduate

school研究生院goboating去划船（go+动词-ing的结构）·Goingboatingisagoodwaytorelax.划船是放松的好方法。memory

/'meməri/

n.回忆；记忆（教材P46）·I

have

a

good

memory

for

faces.我对人的长相记得很牢。·Our

class

has

a

memory

book

where

we

write

down

fun

things

we

did.我们班有一本回忆录，我们在里面写下我们做过的有趣事情。in

memory

of为了纪念·······We

planted

a

tree

in

memory

of

our

grandparents.我们种了一棵树来纪念我们的祖父母。short-

term

memory短期记忆long-term

memory长期记忆visual

memory视觉记忆

memory

loss记忆丧失visible

/'vɪzəbl/

adj.看得见的；可见的（教材P46）·The

moon

is

visible

in

the

night

sky.夜晚的天空中可以看到月亮。·The

cat

is

visible

under

the

table.桌子下面能看到那只猫。invisible形容词，是visible的反义词，意为“看不见的；无形的”。·The

invisible

ink

could

only

be

seen

under

ultraviolet

light.这种隐形墨水只有在紫外线下才能看见。visibilityn.能见度；可见度·The

visibility

was

poor

due

to

the

fog.由于大雾，能见度很差。visual形容词，意为“视觉的；视力的”。·The

visual

effects

in

the

movie

were

stunning.电影中的视觉效果令人惊叹。

along

with

sb./sth.除······以外(还);与······同样地

along

with

sb./sth.常用于连接两个或多个并列的成分，表示它们之间的伴随关系。·I

went

to

the

park

along

with

my

best

friend

yesterday.昨天我和我最好的朋友一起去了公园。·The

children

sang

a

song

along

with

the

music.孩子们跟着音乐唱了一首歌。pumpkinn.南瓜；pumpkinpie南瓜派；pumpkinlantern南瓜灯pie/paɪ/

n.果馅饼；肉馅饼(教材P46)pie

n.“果馅饼；肉馅饼”，既可作可数名词，也可作不可数名词。（1）apple

pie苹果派。·My

favourite

fruit

pie

is

strawberry

pie.我最喜欢的水果馅饼是草莓馅的。（2）as

easy

as

pie十分容易；轻而易举·This

task

is

as

easy

as

pie

for

me.这个任务对我来说非常简单。（3）asliceofpie一块馅饼

warm

up（使）活跃起来；热身；预热（教材P46）

warm

up的用法：(1)“使活跃起来”，通常用于描述人或气氛的状态。如：warm

up

the

atmosphere活跃气氛

(2)“热身”，在体育领域，特指运动员在正式训练或比赛前进行的一系列准备活动。warm

up

my

muscles让肌肉热身(3)“预热”，通常用于描述机器、设备或系统的预热过程。(4)“（使）变暖”。warm

us

up使我们暖和起来·Before

the

speech,

the

host

usually

tells

some

jokes

to

warm

up

the

audience.在演讲前，主持人通常会讲一些笑话来使观众活跃起来。·I

need

to

warm

up

my

voice

before

I

sing

the

song

in

front

of

the

class.在全班同学面前唱歌前，我需要先热热身，练练嗓子。·The

car

needs

a

few

minutes

to

warm

up

in

the

cold

morning.寒冷的早晨，汽车需要几分钟来预热。·In

winter,

I

like

to

have

a

cup

of

hot

tea

to

warm

up

my

body.冬天，我喜欢喝一杯热茶来温暖我的身体。fill...with...（使）充满；（使）填满cinnamon/'sinəmən/n.肉桂皮；桂皮香料·Thesmellofcinnamonfilledtheroomwithsweetness.肉桂的香弥漫整个房间。sweetness/'swiːtnəs/

n.甜；芬芳；愉悦(教材P46)sweetness

是由形容词sweet(甜蜜的)+名词后缀-ness构成。·The

honey

has

a

lot

of

sweetness.这蜂蜜很甜。·The

flowers

in

the

garden

bring

sweetness

to

the

air.花园里的花给空气带来了芬芳。·Thesweetnessofspendingtimewithfamilyalwayswarmsmyheart.和家人共度时光的愉悦总让我心里暖暖的。sweet甜的；甜美的·The

flowers

in

the

garden

smell

really

sweet.花园里的花闻起来真香甜。·My

little

sister

always

says

sweet

things

to

me.我的妹妹总是对我说一些甜美的话。***类似构词法构成的词有：kind(善良的)+-ness→kindness(善良；仁慈)dark(黑的)+-ness→darkness(黑暗；阴暗)bright(亮的)+-ness→brightness(亮度)good(好的)+-ness→goodness(善良；美德)sad(难过的)+-ness→sadness(悲伤；难过)ill(生病的)+-ness→illness(疾病)host

/həʊst/

n.主人；东道主；/v.主办；主持（活动）（过去式及过去分词为hosted）·The

host

of

the

party

gave

us

cake

and

ice

cream.派对的主人给了我们蛋糕和冰淇淋。（作名词）·Our

school

will

host

the

annual

science

fair

this

year.我们学校今年将主办年度科学展览。（作动词）hostess作名词，意为“女主人；女房东”，由名词host（主人）+名词后缀-ess构成。·Our

new

hostess

is

very

friendly

and

always

ready

to

help.我们的新女房东非常友好，总是乐于助人。***类似用法的有prince（王子）→princess（公主）；actor（男演员）→actress（女演员）

recipe/'resəpi/n.食谱；烹饪法·WepreparedtherecipesfortheSpringFestival.我们准备了春节的食谱。creamn.奶油；护肤霜·Childrenlikecreamcakes.孩子们喜欢奶油蛋糕。crustn.糕饼酥皮；面包皮least

/liːst/

adv.&

pron.最小；最少（教材P46）least是little的最高级，其反义词是most。·Among

all

the

toys,

I

like

this

one

the

least.在所有的玩具中，我最不喜欢这个。·The

park

is

the

least

crowded

on

weekdays.在工作日，公园里的人最少。（1）at

least至少·I

have

at

least

five

apples

in

my

bag.我包里至少有五个苹果。lastbutnotleast最后但同样重要的·ToimproveyourEnglish,readmoreEnglishbooks,practicespeakingeveryday.Lastbutnotleast,trytowritediariesinEnglish.为了提高你的英语水平，多阅读英语书，每天练习口语。最后但同样重要的是，尝试用英语写日记。leastofall最不重要的·SheistheleastofallmyfriendsthatIwouldinvitetomyparty.她是我最不愿意邀请参加派对的朋友中最不重要的一个。

secret/ˈsiːkrət/n.诀窍；秘密；/adj.秘密的；隐秘的secret作名词时，意为“诀窍；秘密”。常用搭配：·The

secret

of

her

success

is

hard

work.她成功的秘诀是努力工作。<1>keep

secrets保密·Wemustlearntokeepsecretsforthesafetyofourcountry.我们应该学会为国家安全保密。<2>a

secret

between······之间的秘密·It's

a

secret

between

you

and

me.

Don't

tell

others.这是你和我之间的秘密。不要告诉别人。<3>insecret秘密地；私下地·Mygrandmaalwaysgivesmepocketmoneyinsecret.我姥姥总是私底下给我零花钱。<4>thesecretof的秘密secret作形容词时，意为“秘密的；保密的”，在句子中作定语或表语。·They

are

having

a

secret

meeting.他们正在开一场秘密会议。secretly作副词，意为“秘密地；暗中地”。·Thepolicearesecretlyprotectingthewitness.警察正在暗中保护那位目击证人。

according

to

根据；依照(教材P47)（1）according

to是一个短语介词，意为“根据；依照”后接名词(短语)、代词作宾语。（2）according

to后跟人名或书名时，一般译为“根据······的说法/看法”。·According

to

the

weather

forecast,

it

will

be

sunny

tomorrow.根据天气预报，明天会是晴天。·According

to

the

teacher,

we

should

finish

our

homework

before

playing

games.根据老师的要求，我们应该在玩游戏之前完成作业。·According

to

Betty,

curiosity

and

creativity

play

the

biggest

role.贝蒂认为好奇心和创造力起着最大的作用。

whenever/wen'evə(r)/adv.&

conj.每当；在任何······的时候(教材P47)whenever可引导时间状语从句，意为“在任何······的时候”，还可以引导让步状语从句，此时相当于no

matter

when，意为“无论何时”。wherever=no

matter

where无论何地；whoever=no

matter

who无论何人however=no

matter

how无论怎样；whatever=no

matter

what无论什么·Whenever

I

go

to

the

park,

I

see

my

friend

playing

soccer.每当我去公园的时候，我都看到我的朋友在踢足球。·No

matter

when

you

arrive,

I'll

be

there

to

meet

you.无论你何时到达，我都会在那里迎接你。·No

matter

when

you

need

help

with

your

homework,

I'll

be

here

to

assist

you.无论你什么时候需要作业上的帮助，我都会在这里帮你。

itemn.项目；条·Ithinkweoughttopassontothenextitem.我想我们应该接着开始下一个项目。spaghetti/spə'geti/n.意大利细面条spoonn.（=spoonful）一勺的量；勺；aspoonof一勺·Sheputaspoonofsaltintothesoup.她给汤里放了一勺盐。slice/slaɪs/

n.薄片；片；/v.把······切成薄片；切；割(教材

P48)辨析：a

slice

of与a

piece

ofa

sliceof专门指一片，通常用于描述被切割成薄片或块状的食物。a

pieceof含义较为宽泛，可用于描述任何形状或大小的一部分。不仅可以用于食物，还可以用于纸张、布料、新闻、信息等，可意为“一块；一首；一条；一片；一张”。·I'd

like

a

slice

of

pizza,

please.请给我一片比萨饼。·I

had

a

slice

of

bread

with

butter

for

breakfast.我早餐吃了一片涂黄油的面包。·There

is

a

piece

of

pancake

on

the

plate.盘子里有一块煎饼。·I

found

a

piece

of

paper

on

the

floor.我在地板上发现了一张纸。

couple/'kʌpl/

n.夫妻；情侣；两人

(教材P49)couple为可数名词，意为“夫妻；情侣；两人”，还有“几个人（事物）；两个人（事物）”的意思。常用短语：a

couple

of意为“几个；一些；一对；一双”。·The

couple

next

door

always

waves

at

us

when

they

see

us.隔壁的夫妻每次看到我们都会向我们挥手。·The

couple

in

the

park

are

holding

hands.公园里的那对情侣手牵手。·Do

you

know

that

in

those

early

movies,

only

a

couple

of

people

would

act

in

front

of

the

camera?你知道那些早期的电影只是几个人在摄像机前表演吗？辨析：couple与paircouple指同一类别中相关的两者，亦可表示“一对夫妻”。pair通常用于自然成对或需要配套使用的物品。

islandn.岛；onanisland在岛屿上·Wepickedupmanycolourfulstonesontheisland.我们在岛上捡拾了很多彩色的石头。wife

/waɪf/

n.(pl.

wives)妻子(教材P49)wife

n.妻子，其复数形式为wives。以-f或-fe结尾的名词变复数时的变化：把-f或-fe变成字母v，然后再加-es。常见的词有：thief(小偷)—thieves；leaf(树叶)—leaves；knife(小刀)—knives；wolf(狼)—wolves；half(一半)—halves。·Every

evening,

Mr

Smith

walks

his

wife

home

from

work.每天晚上，史密斯先生都会陪他的妻子一起下班回家。·The

policemen's

wives

prepared

a

big

dinner

for

them

after

a

long

day

of

work.警察们的妻子们在他们辛苦工作一天后为他们准备了一顿丰盛的晚餐。***记忆口诀：小偷的妻子从树叶里面拿出刀来把狼砍成两半。

separate/'seprət/adj.单独的；分开的；/v./'sepəreɪt/（使）分开；（使）分离（教材P49）辨析：separate与divideseparate：用作形容词，意为“单独的；分开的”；用作动词，意为“（使）分开；（使）分离”，侧重表示把原来在一起或靠近的事物分隔开来，分开后的部分具有相对的独立性，常与介词from连用。divide：意为“分开；分散”，侧重于把一个整体分成若干部分，常与into连用。·I

have

a

separate

room

for

studying.我有一个单独的学习室。·Each

student

has

a

separate

desk

in

the

classroom.教室里每个学生都有一张单独的桌子。·Please

separate

the

red

balls

from

the

blue

ones.请把红球和蓝球分开。·The

teacher

divided

the

students

into

groups.老师把学生们分成了几个小组。·The

apartment

is

divided

into

four

rooms.公寓分为四个房间。

born

/bɔ:n/v.出生；出世；/adj.天生(有某方面才能)的(教材P49)born常用于一般过去时，其后可接表时间或地点的介词短语。born是动词bear的过去分词。辨析：be

born

with与be

born

intobe

born

with意为“天生具有”，其后常接名词。be

born

into意为“出生于……家庭/社会阶层/文化环境”。（1）be

born

in…出生于……·I

was

born

in

a

small

town.我出生在一个小镇上。（2）beborntodosth.注定要做某事·She

was

born

to

be

a

dancer.她天生就是个舞者。（3）be

born

with天生具有·He

was

born

with

a

great

sense

of

humor.他天生就有很强的幽默感。·When

were

you

born?你是什么时候出生的？

one

by

one逐个地；逐一地(教材P49)·We

entered

the

room

one

by

one,

without

making

any

noise.我们逐一地进入房间，没有发出任何声音。·The

apples

on

the

tree

were

picked

one

by

one

by

the

farmer.树上的苹果被农民逐个地摘了下来。·We

counted

the

stars

in

the

sky

one

by

one

until

we

fell

asleep.我们逐一地数天上的星星，直到睡着。***类似搭配：side

by

side肩并肩地；

step

by

step逐步地；

day

by

day日复一日地Thanksgivingn.感恩节GuoqiaoRiceNoodles过桥米线Howabout（doing）sth.?（做）某事怎么样？（用来提出建议）getintoone’sdreamuniversity上/进入某人梦寐以求的大学foodforthought引人深思的食物四：单词表外重点知识（课文中出现的相关知识点）add...to...把加到里halfacupof半杯apopularChinesedish一道受欢迎的中国菜teachsb.howtodosth.教某人如何做某事whatelse什么其他的Whatanamazingsmell(itis)!（这）味道真香啊！Howdeliciousthedishlooks！这道菜看起来真美味啊！/Howkindofyou!你真好！onthelake在湖上showsth.tosb.想某物表达；·Weshowlovetoothers.我们向他人表达爱意。Itisfuntodosth.做某事很有趣。Thankstosb.多亏了某人It'sa（great）way（forsb.）todosth.对于某人而言做某事是一种（绝佳）方式。It’sone’swayofdoingsth.这是某人做某事的方式。atthetable在餐桌旁；attable就餐；进餐creatememories创造（美好的）回忆connect...to...把联系起来thetasteof的味道thinkof想起ahostfamily一个寄宿家庭lovedoing/todosth.喜欢做某事abottleof一瓶acupof一杯aglassof一（玻璃）杯abagof一袋abowlof一碗aplateof一盘share...with...与分享placev.放置；/n.地点；场所keepsth.+adj.意为“使某物保持某种状态”；Keepthesoupwarm.使汤保持温度。/Keeptheingredientsseparate.把食材分开。goalongwaytodosth.长途跋涉做某事get+adj.变得的；getcold变冷put...into...把放入reachsw.到达某地findsth.+adj.，意为“发现某物的”五：核心句式1.How

do

we

make

mashed

potatoes?我们怎么做土豆泥?(教材P42)句子分析：本句是一个特殊疑问句，How是疑问副词，do是助动词，we是主语，make是谓语动词，mashed

potatoes是宾语。结构分析：（1）How+助动词（do/does/did等，根据时态和主语变化）+主语+实义动词+其他成分？（2）How用于询问方式或方法；助动词用于构成疑问句；主语是执行动作的人或物；实义动词是表示具体动作或状态的动词；其他成分可能包括宾语、状语等。·How

do

we

prepare

for

the

exam?我们如何准备考试?·How

do

we

solve

this

problem?我们如何解决这个问题?·How

do

we

improve

our

English?我们如何提高我们的英语?2.How

many

tomatoes

and

eggs

do

we

need?我们需要多少西红柿和鸡蛋？（教材P43）句子分析：本句是一个特殊疑问句，How

many是疑问词组，用于询问数量，do是助动词，we是主语，need是谓语动词，tomatoes

and

eggs是宾语。回答这个问题，答语应该提供具体数量。结构分析：How

many+可数名词复数+（and+可数名词复数）+助动词（do/does/did等，根据时态和主语变化）+主语+实义动词（+其他成分）?·—How

many

books

do

you

have

in

your

backpack？你的背包里有多少本书？—I

have

five

books

in

my

backpack.我的背包里有五本书。·—How

many

apples

do

we

need

for

the

fruit

salad?我们需要多少苹果来做水果沙拉？—We

need

three

apples.我们需要三个苹果。3.It

is

fun

to

learn

how

to

make

food

from

other

cultures.学习如何制作来自其他文化的食物很有趣。（教材P46）

句子分析：这是一个简单句，形式主语是It，is是系动词，fun是表语；不定式短语to

learn

how

to

make

food

from

other

cultures是真正的主语，本应位于句首，但为了避免句子头重脚轻，所以使用了形式主语It来替代。结构分析：It+be动词+adj.+to

do

sth.意为“做某事是······的”,It为形式主语,真正的主语是后面的动词不定式(短语)。·It

is

necessary

to

learn

from

others.向他人学习是必要的。·It

is

interesting

to

read

books.读书很有趣。（1）It+be动词+adj.+（for

sb.）+to

do

sth.（对于某人而言）做某事是的。（该句型中的形容词为描述事物特征的词，如diffi