2026秋小学数学四升五暑假专项提升训练12天-鸡兔同笼（基础拓展版）

2026秋小学数学四升五暑假专项提升训练12天——鸡兔同笼（基础拓展版）第1天鸡兔同笼基础入门——简单列表法（10题）训练重点：认识鸡兔同笼基本题型，掌握逐一列表法，通过有序枚举鸡和兔的数量，验证总头数、总脚数，初步感知数量关系，所有题目总头数≤10，数据极简。1、一个笼子里有鸡和兔子共6只，总腿数共16条，用列表法算出鸡和兔子各有多少只？____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2、笼子里鸡兔共5只，总腿数14条，用列表法求鸡、兔的数量。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3、鸡兔同笼，总头数7个，总腿数20条，列表计算鸡和兔各几只？____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4、一个笼子中有鸡和兔共4只，总腿数12条，用列表法解题。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5、鸡兔一共8只，总腿数22条，列表求出鸡、兔数量。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________6、笼子里鸡兔共3只，总腿数10条，用列表法解答。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________7、鸡兔同笼，总头数9个，总腿数24条，列表计算数量。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________8、鸡兔共7只，总腿数18条，用列表法解题。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________9、笼子里鸡兔共10只，总腿数28条，列表求出鸡兔各多少只。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________10、鸡兔共6只，总腿数20条，用列表法完成解题。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第2天列表法巩固提升——有序枚举专项（10题）训练重点：熟练掌握列表法有序枚举技巧，学会从全鸡、全兔两端调整枚举，提升解题速度，总头数≤12，基础题型无难度升级。1、鸡兔同笼，一共11个头，30条腿，用列表法求鸡、兔数量。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2、笼子里有鸡兔共8只，总腿数24条，列表解题。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3、鸡兔共5只，总腿数16条，用列表法解答。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4、总头数12个，总腿数32条，鸡兔各几只？列表计算。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5、鸡兔共9只，总腿数26条，列表求出数量。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________6、笼子里鸡兔共4只，总腿数14条，用列表法解题。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________7、总头数8个，总腿数20条，鸡兔同笼列表计算。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________8、鸡兔共10只，总腿数26条，列表解答。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________9、鸡兔共7只，总腿数22条，用列表法求数量。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________10、总头数11个，总腿数34条，列表解题。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第3天列表法综合夯实——基础题型全覆盖（10题）训练重点：巩固列表法核心逻辑，熟练应对所有简单头脚组合题型，养成规范列表、验算的解题习惯，为假设法学习铺垫。1、鸡兔同笼共6只，腿18条，列表求鸡兔数量。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2、鸡兔共12只，腿36条，用列表法解题。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3、总头数5个，腿12条，鸡兔各几只？列表计算。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4、鸡兔共9只，腿28条，列表解答。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5、笼子里鸡兔共3只，腿8条，用列表法求数量。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________6、总头数10个，腿30条，鸡兔同笼列表解题。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________7、鸡兔共8只，腿18条，列表求出鸡兔数量。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________8、鸡兔共11只，腿28条，用列表法解答。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________9、总头数7个，腿24条，列表计算鸡兔数量。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________10、鸡兔共4只，腿10条，列表解题。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第4天假设法入门——假设全是鸡基础题型（10题）训练重点：初识假设法，掌握“假设全是鸡→算总腿数差→求兔子数量→求鸡的数量”基础步骤，所有题目数据简单，步骤固定。假设法核心公式（基础版）：①假设全是鸡，总腿数=总头数×2；②腿数差=实际总腿数-假设总腿数；③每只兔比鸡多2条腿；④兔子数量=腿数差÷2；⑤鸡的数量=总头数-兔子数量1、鸡兔同笼共6头16腿，假设全是鸡，列式计算鸡兔各多少只。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2、鸡兔共5头14腿，用假设全是鸡的方法解题。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3、鸡兔7头20腿，假设全是鸡，列式计算数量。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4、鸡兔4头12腿，假设全是鸡解题。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5、鸡兔8头22腿，假设全是鸡，求鸡兔数量。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________6、鸡兔3头10腿，用假设全是鸡方法解答。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________7、鸡兔9头24腿，假设全是鸡列式计算。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________8、鸡兔7头18腿，假设全是鸡解题。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________9、鸡兔10头28腿，假设全是鸡求数量。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________10、鸡兔6头20腿，用假设全是鸡方法解题。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第5天假设法入门——假设全是兔基础题型（10题）训练重点：掌握“假设全是兔”解题逻辑，熟练对应计算步骤，与假设全是鸡形成双向思维，夯实假设法核心模型。假设法核心公式（基础版）：①假设全是兔，总腿数=总头数×4；②腿数差=假设总腿数-实际总腿数；③每只鸡比兔少2条腿；④鸡的数量=腿数差÷2；⑤兔子数量=总头数-鸡的数量1、鸡兔同笼6头16腿，假设全是兔，列式计算鸡兔数量。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2、鸡兔5头14腿，用假设全是兔的方法解题。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3、鸡兔7头20腿，假设全是兔，列式计算。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4、鸡兔4头12腿，假设全是兔解题。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5、鸡兔8头22腿，假设全是兔求数量。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________6、鸡兔3头10腿，用假设全是兔方法解答。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________7、鸡兔9头24腿，假设全是兔列式计算。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________8、鸡兔7头18腿，假设全是兔解题。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________9、鸡兔10头28腿，假设全是兔求数量。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________10、鸡兔6头20腿，用假设全是兔方法解题。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第6天假设法基础巩固——双向假设专项（10题）训练重点：灵活选择假设全是鸡、假设全是兔两种方法解题，熟练完整书写解题步骤，杜绝步骤遗漏，强化基础运算准确性。1、鸡兔同笼11头30腿，任选一种假设法解题。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2、鸡兔8头24腿，用假设法解答。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3、鸡兔5头16腿，假设法列式计算。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4、鸡兔12头32腿，用假设法解题。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5、鸡兔9头26腿，假设法求鸡兔数量。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________6、鸡兔4头14腿，用假设法解答。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________7、鸡兔8头20腿，假设法列式计算。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________8、鸡兔10头26腿，用假设法解题。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________9、鸡兔7头22腿，假设法求数量。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________10、鸡兔11头34腿，用假设法解答。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第7天列表法+假设法双向对比训练（10题）训练重点：同一题目分别用列表法、假设法解题，对比两种方法的优缺点，灵活选择简便解题方式，夯实双方法基础。1、鸡兔6头18腿，分别用列表法、假设法解题。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2、鸡兔12头36腿，两种方法解题。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3、鸡兔5头12腿，列表法+假设法解答。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4、鸡兔9头28腿，两种方法计算。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5、鸡兔3头8腿，列表法、假设法解题。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________6、鸡兔10头30腿，两种方法解答。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________7、鸡兔8头18腿，双向方法解题。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________8、鸡兔11头28腿，列表+假设法计算。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________9、鸡兔7头24腿，两种方法解题。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________10、鸡兔4头10腿，双向方法解答。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第8天基础题型专项复盘——列表法查漏补缺（10题）训练重点：针对前期列表法易错点复盘，纠正枚举无序、数据验算错误问题，做到快速、准确列表解题。1、鸡兔同笼9头22腿，列表法解题并验算结果。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2、鸡兔12头34腿，有序列表计算。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3、鸡兔6头14腿，列表解题并验算。________________________________________________________________________________