中考英语核心语法

中考英语核心语法宾语从句语法详解：宾语从句是初中核心考点，掌握宾语从句的知识点对于以后的英语句式学习非常重要。宾语从句的知识点:概念、三大考点、真题练习和背诵口诀一、先搞懂：什么是宾语从句？1.定义句子里，动词、介词、部分形容词后面本来要接单词/短语当宾语；如果换成一整个完整句子来当宾语，这个句子就叫宾语从句。例：Iknowyouareagoodstudent.

（

youareagoodstudent

整句作宾语，就是宾语从句）2.

常考三大连接位置-

及物动词后：think

/

say

/

know

/

tell

/

ask

/

hope

/

wonder

/

find

-

介词之后：worryabout

/

thinkabout

/

beinterestedin

等-

固定形容词后：besure

/

beafraid

/

besorry

/

beglad

二、三大核心考点（必背！）宾语从句三大必考要素：引导词+

陈述语序

+

时态一致（一）引导词的分类与用法1.that

引导（陈述句变从句）-

场景：原句是陈述句，陈述客观事实，无疑问、无选择-

特点：that

无词义、不翻译，口语/书面题中常省略-

例句：-Ithink(that)mathisnotdifficult.

（我认为数学并不难）-Shesays(that)shelikesreadingbooks.

（她说她喜欢看书）2.if

/

whether

引导（一般疑问句变从句）-

含义：“是否”-

场景：原句是一般疑问句，表不确定、疑问或选择-

例句：-Idon’tknowifhewillcometotheparty.

（我不知道他是否会来派对）-SheaskswhetherIlikeplayingbasketball.

（她问我是否喜欢打篮球）⚠️

高频易错：只能用

whether

，不能用

if

的4种情况1.后面紧跟

ornot

：

Iwonderwhetherheisbusyornot.

2.放在介词后面：

IamthinkingaboutwhetherIshouldgothere.

3.接不定式

todo

：

Hedoesn’tknowwhethertostayorleave.

4.位于句首：

Whetherhecanpasstheexamisaquestion.

3.

特殊疑问词引导（特殊疑问句变从句）-

常用疑问词：what

/

who

/

whom

/

whose

/

which

/

when

/

where

/

why

/

how

-

用法：保留原疑问词含义，直接作引导词，表达具体疑问-

例句：-Couldyoutellmewhereyourschoolis?

（你能告诉我你的学校在哪里吗？）-HewantstoknowhowhecanlearnEnglishwell.

（他想知道怎样学好英语）（二）语序：全班最易丢分点✅

黄金铁律：所有宾语从句，必须用陈述语序-

陈述语序结构：引导词

+

主语

+

谓语

+

其他成分

-

❌

严禁使用疑问语序、倒装结构正误对比错误表达正确表达Iwonderwhereishe.

Iwonderwhereheis.

Doyouknowwhenwillthebuscome?

Doyouknowwhenthebuswillcome?

Sheaskswhoareyou.

Sheaskswhoyouare.

语序专项例题1.Couldyoutellme______?-A.

howoldishe

B.

howoldheis

C.

heishowold

-

答案：B（解析：宾语从句用陈述语序：疑问词+主语+谓语）2.Iwanttoknow______nextweek.-A.

whenwilltheyleave

B.

whentheywillleave

C.

whentheyleavewill

-

答案：B（三）时态呼应规则规则1：主句为「现在时态」主句时态：一般现在、现在进行、现在完成时→从句时态不受限制，按实际时间自由选择例：-Iknowhegetsupearlyeveryday.

（一般现在时）-IknowhewenttoBeijingyesterday.

（一般过去时）-Iknowhewillvisitustomorrow.

（一般将来时）规则2：主句为「过去时态」主句动词为一般过去式→从句时态全部倒退为过去类时态：-

现在时→一般过去时-

将来时→过去将来时-

现在进行→过去进行时例：-Hesaidhewasverytired.

（他说他很累）-SheaskedifIwouldhelpher.

（她问我是否会帮助她）规则3：万能特例——客观真理永不变无论主句是现在还是过去，客观真理、科学常识、自然规律，从句永远用「一般现在时」例：-Theteachersaidthattheearthgoesaroundthesun.

（老师说地球绕着太阳转）-Ourscienceteachertoldusthatlighttravelsfasterthansound.

（光速比声速快）时态选择例题1.Ithinkhe______anewbikenextmonth.-A.

willbuy

B.

bought

C.

buy

-

答案：A（解析：主句一般现在，nextmonth

表将来，用一般将来时）2.Hetoldmethathe______illyesterday.-A.

is

B.

was

C.

willbe

-

答案：B（解析：主句

told

为过去式，从句统一使用过去时态）三、综合选择真题练习（全解全析）1.I’msure______ourclasswillwinthegame.–

A.that

B.

if

C.

when

2.Shedoesn’tknow______hermotherwillcomeback.–A.

that

B.

whether

C.

what

3.—Couldyoutellme______?

—It’sat8:00.–

A.whenthemeetingstarts

B.

whenstartsthemeeting

C.

whendoesthemeetingstart

4.Theteachersaidthatthemoon______aroundtheearth.

-A.go

B.

goes

C.

went

5.Iwonder______hecanfinishhishomeworkontime.-A.

that

B.

if

C.

how

四、宾语从句满分背诵口诀1.宾语从句三要素，引导语序时态顾；2.陈述事实

that

连，疑问选择

if/whether

入；3.特殊疑问词保留，主前谓后要记住；4.主句现在随意用，主句过去往后步；5.真理常识不变动，考场做题不失误。河南中考宾语从句专项练习（真题+易错题）一、河南中考真题精选（2015-2024）1.(2024河南)

—Couldyoutellme______?—Sure.It’soverthere.A.whereisthelibraryB.wherethelibraryisC.wherewasthelibrary2.(2023河南)Idon’tknow______hewillcometomorrow.A.ifB.whatC.whichD.where3.(2022河南)Hesaidthathe______toBeijingbefore.A.goesB.wentC.hasgoneD.hadgone4.(2016河南)

—WhatdidTomsaytoyoujustnow,John?—Heasked______.A.whyIamsohappytodayB.whatwillIdofortheweekendC.whodidIplayfootballwithafterschoolD.ifIcouldgotothemoviewithhimtonight5.(2015河南)

—Hi,Tony!Doyouknow______?—Yes,thereisacoffeeshopatthecornerofthestreet.A.whenIcangetacupofcoffeeB.whereIcangetacupofcoffeeC.howcanIgetacupofcoffeeD.ifIcangetacupofcoffee二、高频易错题（河南中考常考陷阱）（一）语序陷阱（最易丢分）1.Couldyoutellme______thenearesthospitalis?A.whatB.howC.whereD.whereis2.Iwanttoknow______thedayaftertomorrow.A.whathewilldoB.whatwillhedoC.whathedidD.whatdidhedo（二）时态陷阱1.Theteachersaidthatthemoon______aroundtheearth.A.goB.goesC.went2.Hetoldmethathe______illyesterday.A.isB.wasC.willbe3.Ithinkhe______anewbikenextmonth.A.willbuyB.boughtC.buy（三）引导词陷阱（if/whether/that辨析）1.Iwonder______hecanfinishhishomeworkontime.A.thatB.ifC.how2.Shedoesn’tknow______tostayorleave.A.ifB.whetherC.that3.I’msure______ourteamwillwin.A.thatB.ifC.whether（四）否定转移陷阱1.I______thinkhe______right.A./;isn’tB.don’t;isC.don’t;isn’t三、综合强化训练（10题）1.Doyouknow______themeetingwillbegin?A.whenB.whenwillC.whatD.that2.Heasked______IhadbeentoShanghai.A.ifB.thatC.whatD.where3.Couldyoutellme______?A.howcanIgetthereB.howIcangetthereC.wherecanIgetthereD.whereIcangetthere4.Shesaidshe______totheparkthenextday.A.willgoB.goesC.wouldgoD.went5.Idon’tknow______bookthisis.A.whoB.whomC.whoseD.what6.Theradiosaysit______sunnytomorrow.A.isB.wasC.willbeD.wouldbe7.Heasked______Iwaslateforschool.A.whyB.thatC.ifD.what8.Ifind______hardtolearnEnglishwell.A.thatB.itC.thisD.those9.Wedon’tknow______theyarewaitingfor.A.whoB.whomC.whichD.whose10.Hetoldme______hehadseenthefilm.A.thatB.whatC.ifD.whether中考英语宾语从句·压轴拔高专项（难度四星）一、单项选择（15题）1.Couldyoutellme______theGreatWall?—Nextweek.A.whenwillwevisitB.whenwewillvisitC.whendidwevisitD.whenwevisited2.Ididn’tunderstand______.A.whatdoeshemeanB.whatdidhemeanC.whathemeansD.whathemeant3.Theteacheraskedthestudents______.A.iftheywereinterestedindinosaursB.whenwasAlbertEinsteinbornC.whattheywilldowiththecomputersD.howmanytreestheyhaveplanted4.—Doyouknow______themanwithsunglassesis?—I’mnotsure.Maybeareporter.A.whoB.what

C.where

D.how5.HewasangrywithmebecauseIdidn’ttellhim______.A.whenwillIarriveB.whenIwouldarriveC.whendoIarriveD.whenIarrive6.Iwanttoknow______youcancometomybirthdaypartyornot.A.ifB.whether

C.that

D.why7.Ourteachertoldusthatlight______muchfasterthansound.A.travelsB.traveled

C.traveling

D.willtravel8.Doyouknow______lastnight?A.whathappenedtohimB.whatdidhehappenC.whathehappenedD.whatwashappenedtohim9.—Couldyoutellme______?—Sure,gostraightandturnleft.A.whereisthemuseumB.wherethemuseumisC.howcanIgettothemuseumD.howcouldIgettothemuseum10.Ididn’tknow______.A.wherehehasgoneB.wherehadhegoneC.wherehehadgoneD.wherehashegone11.Heaskedme______Icouldhelphimwithhismath.A.thatB.if

C.what

D.which12.Ireallydon’tknow______.A.whichoneshouldIchooseB.whichoneIshouldchooseC.tochoosewhichoneD.whichonetochooseit13.Shesaidshe______toBeijingtwice.A.hasbeenB.hadbeen

C.hasgone

D.hadgone14.Doyouknow______tomorrow?A.ifitwillrainB.ifwillitrainC.whenitrainsD.whendoesitrain15.Idon’tthink______heisright.A.thatB.what

C.if

D.whet