安徽省芜湖市2025-2026学年高一下学期期末考试英语试卷

2025—2026学年度第二学期期末考试（供选用150120第一部分听力（30分做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（51.57.5分5A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，10WhydoesthewomancometoMr.ToaskforToreportateamTotellhimaboutafamilyWhat’stheman’sJiuzi B.Zheshan C.ZhongshanRd.Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheboy’sItisnot B.Itisgood C.ItneedsmoreHowdoesthemanfeelinthe B. C.WhydoesLisadecidetousethechinaItmakesherfeelatItiscostlytousepaperItisgoodforthe第二节（151.522.5分5A、B、C55秒钟的作67WhatisthewomanworriedaboutatDelayoftheLimitedtimeforChangeoftheflightHowlongwillthewoman’sflight1.5 B.2.5 C.3.5810WhatistherelationshipbetweenthetwoWriterand B.Teacherand C.DirectorandWhydoesthemangiveThedrawingsarenotwellHewantstoaddaspecificHedislikesthemainWhatwillthewomanprobablydoWritethestoryEnemybyherself.TakephotosoftheoldoperaDrawapictureofthetwocharacterslearning1113WhatisAlexA B.Asecurity C.AsealHowwillthemanlookforBymaking B.Byleavinga C.BysendingaradioWherewillthemangofirstafterToamilktea B.Tohis C.Toabarber’s1417What’sthefeatureofcityTheyareoftenclosedonTheyaremainlybuiltincityTheyprovidefreereadingWhydoesthewomanmentionpocketTointroduceplacesforoutdoorToshowtheyaregoodfordailyToexplainhowtobuildgreenspacesWhatdoesthewomansayaboutthenightTheyaremainlypopularwithforeignTheyprovidefewerchoicesoffoodthanTheyofferapleasantwaytospendtheWhatistheconversationmainlyWaystospendfreetimeinImprovedpublicservicesinDifferentideasoncity1820WhatmakesDr.Leo’sresearchstandItscreativeresearchItsdepthinbrain ItspracticalWhatdidDr.LeodoinHestartedaHepublishedhisfirstHewonaprofessionalWhydoesDr.LeocontinuetoteachuniversityTogetmoreresearchTohelphimdevelopnewTogaintheuniversity’s第二部分阅读理解（50分第一节（152.537.5分A、B、CDCityArtMuseumVisitorWelcometoCityArtMuseum.Ourmuseumishometomorethan1,200world-classartworks,includingclassicEuropeanoilpaintings,traditionalChinesepaintingsandcalligraphy,modernsculptures,andfantasticthemedspecialexhibitions.Tohelpyouhaveasafe,comfortableandenjoyablevisit,weofferafloorplanaswellasdetailedinformationaboutopeninghours,ticketprices,maincollectionsandallkindsofhelpfulservices.FloorOpeningRegularhours:TuesdaytoSunday9:00-17:00(lastentryat16:30)ClosedonMondays(exceptnationalpublicholidays)*SpecialOpenHall2&Hall5:openonly10:0015:00onSaturdaysandSundaysHall3:closedonthefirstWednesdayofeverymonthAllhallsclose30minutesearlieronthelastFridayofeachTicketAdults:¥40perMiddleandhighschoolstudents(withvalidID):¥20perpersonChildrenunder6andseniorsover70:freeGrouptickets(15peopleormore):25%FreeadmissionforallonInternationalMuseumDay(MayMainCollections(*—Must-A(EuropeanHall):17th-19thcenturyoilB(TraditionalChineseHall):ancientpaintings&C(ModernSculptureHall):creativemodernD(PhotographyExhibitionHall):themephotography&newmediaE(CraftArtHall):traditionalhandmadeartworks&intangibleculturalheritageF(Watercolor&PrintHall):classicwatercolorworks&limited-editionG(GlassArtHall):delicateglassartH(TemporaryExhibitionHall):seasonalthemedServices&NofoodordrinksareallowedinanyexhibitionPhotosareallowedbutcameraflashandtripodsareFreeguidedtoursstarteveryhourattheInformationWhenisthebesttimetovisitHall2andHallA.At9:30 B.At14:00 C.At15:30 D.At10:00Howmuchshouldagroupof20studentspayinA. B. C. D.Whichmightbetheshortestroutetoenjoyallthemust-seeworksfromtheMainA. B. C. D.15-year-oldCassandraLinadmiresordinaryyetunexpectedheroes.InspiredbyastoryaboutaMalawianboywhobuiltwindmillsfrombicyclepartstopowerhisvillage,shecreatedanaward-winningrecyclingprograminherhometown,Westerly,RhodeIsland.Thisprogram,ProjectTGIF(TurnGreaseIntoFuel),encourageslocalandrestaurantstorecycleusedcookingoil,whichisthenprocessedintobiodiesel(生物柴油)fuel.ThemoneyearnedfromtheprogramisdonatedtohelpheatthehomesofneedypeopleinWesterly.That’sexactlywhatthispersistenttenthgraderhasdone.Forher,however,it’sjustsomethingshedoeshappilywithherfriendsafterTomaketheprojectsuccessful,Cassandraandherteameducatedthemselvesthoroughlyonthebiodieselrefining提炼processinvolvingturningusedcookingoilintoclean,usablefuelthroughaseriesofchemicalsteps.Theymadetheirownbiodieselwithpropersafetymeasures,gottwodifferentyouthstart-upfunds,andpersuadedcommunityleaderstosupporttheinitiative.Theydiscernedanon-sustainableemergencyheatingprogramandissueofpouringusedfatsandoilsdownintodrainsaskeyproblemsintheircommunity.“Allofourproblemssnowballedtogether,”Cassandrasaid.Sheandherteampuzzledoverhowtocombinetheseproblemstogetaone-offsolution.Anarticleoncollectingandrecyclingcookingoilsettledtheproblem.Cassandra’sleadership,foresight,logicalthinking,andcreativitywerecentraltothesuccessofTGIF.Herenthusiasmandenergyhavemotivatedmanytojoinhercause.Despitehergreatachievements,Cassandrastaysdown-to-earth,viewinghereffortsasjustpartofherafter-schoolactivities.WhenremindedthatsheisfeaturedonsocialmediaasamembertotheTunzaInternationalYouthConferenceonClimateChangeinR.O.Korea,keepingalowprofile,sheresponds,“AmI?”WhatistheaimofProjectToencouragethelocalstoleadahealthyToprovidescienceeducationforToreducetheuseofcookingoilinTofindagreenwaytoprocessusedcookingWhatdoestheunderlinedword“discerned”inParagraph2probablyA. B. C. D.HowdidCassandraandherteamsolvethecommunity’sByaskingthegovernmentforemergencyBycombiningdifferentproblemsintooneBystoppingrestaurantsfrompouringoilintoBydonatingmoneytobuildwindmillsinWhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeStrictand B.EnthusiasticandC.Creativeand D.HumorousandFromTigerMomstoFrenchMamas,parentsaroundtheworldhavelongarguedoverthebestwaytoraisetheirchildren.Anewstudyaddsfreshevidencethatextreme“Mom”authoritarianparentingmaydomoreharmthangood.Thestudyfoundthatauthoritarianparentsaresignificantlymorelikelytoraisedisrespectfulchildrenwithviolentbehaviors,comparedtoparentswholistentotheirkidstobuildtrust.Thisisthefirststudytoexaminehowparentingstylesshapeteens’viewsoftheirparentsand,inturn,theirdailybehavior.Researcherscategorizeparentingintothreebroadtypesbasedondemandandresponsiveness.Authoritativeparentsaredemandingandsetclearrules,buttheyarealsowarm,caringandresponsivetochildren’sneeds.Authoritarianparents,bycontrast,areequallydemandingandcontrolling,buttheyshowlittlewarmth,affectionoropennesstotheirkids’opinions,takinga“mywayorthehighway”approach.Permissiveparentsarewarmandaccepting,buttheysetfewboundariesandrarelyenforcerulesconsistently.Usingdatafromnearly600middleandhighschoolstudentsinNewHampshire,fromalong-termstudyofadolescentdevelopment,UniversityofNewHampshireresearchersfoundthat“mywayorthehighway”parentingwasstronglylinkedtoviolentbehaviorsincludingrobbery,druguseandintentionalphysicalattacks.Firmbutlovingauthoritativeparenting,however,resultedinsignificantlyfewerlawbreakingteens.Surprisingly,permissiveparentingshowedalmostnoclearpositiveornegativeeffectonteens’behavioraloutcomes.Toexplainthislink,researcherssaidthemostimportantfactoriswhetherchildrenviewtheirparents’authorityasreasonable.Thisbeliefdevelopswhenkidstrustthattheirparentsaremakingdecisionsintheirbestinterest,eveniftheydisagreewiththerules.Whenkidsrespectparentalauthoritygenuinely,theirbehaviorimproves.Previousstudieshavealsolinkedfirmbutcaringparentingtobetterself-controlandindependence.“Whenchildrenseetheirparentsasreliablefigures,theyfeeladutytofollowtherules,”saidleadresearcherPickTrinkner.“Thismeansparentsdonotneedtorelyonrewardsandpunishmentstocontrolbehavior,andchildrenwillstillobeyrulesevenwhenparentsarenotpresent.”WhatisthemaindifferencebetweenauthoritativeparentsandauthoritarianAuthoritativeparentssetnorules;authoritarianonessetextremelystrictAuthoritativeparentsuserewardsandpunishments;authoritarianonesrelyonAuthoritativeparentsaredemandingyetcaring;authoritarianonescontrolling,notAuthoritativeparentstrusttheirkidscompletely;authoritarianonesdistrustthemWhatcanweinferaboutpermissiveparentingfromthethirdIthelpsbuildtheclosestparent-childItisthemosteffectivewaytoraisekidswithItresultsinasmanyviolentbehaviorsasauthoritarianIthaslessnegativeimpactonteens’behaviorthanauthoritarianWhichofthefollowingwouldPickTrinknermostprobablyagreeKidswillneverfollowruleswhentheirparentsarenotKids’respectforparentalpowercomesfromtheirtrustinRewardsandpunishmentsarethebestwaytocontrolkids’Kids’behavioraldevelopmentdependsonrewardsandWhichofthefollowingisthebesttitlefortheWhichParentingStyleWorksTigerMomsAreBetterThanFrenchTheHarmofAuthoritarianParentingtoHowtoRaiseRespectfulandNon-violentWhatdoastronautsandofficeworkershaveincommon?Morethanyoumightthink.A2026healthstudysuggeststhattheexerciseastronautsusetofightmusclelossinspacecanhelpordinarypeopleslowdownagingandreducebackpain.Inspace,microgravitycausesmusclesandbonestoweakenatarapidrate—essentiallyaformofrapidaging.Researchshowsthatastronautscanexperiencesignificantmuscledeclineinjustamatterofmonths,aprocessthatmirrorswhathappenstoordinarypeopleoverdecadesofsittingandinactiveliving.Tofightagainstthis,astronautsperformspeciallightexercisesthattargettheirdeepestcoremuscles,nottheouterstomachmusclesmostpeopleworkonatthegym.Dr.SarahMitchell,wholedthestudy,explains:“Themusclelossastronautsexperienceinmonthsissimilartowhathappenstonormalpeopleoverdecadesofsittingandaging.Scientistshavelongknownthatmicrogravityspeedsupphysicaldecline,butourresearchfoundthatthesameexercisesthatprotectastronautscanalsobenefitthoseofusonEarth.”Soiftheastronauts’routineexercisecanturnaroundtheirmuscleloss,itmightalsoslowdownours.Thekeyliesinactivatingtwosmall,deepmuscles:themultifidus(多裂肌)andtransversusabdominis(腹横肌).Thesemusclesactlikeanaturalbelt,supportingthebackbone.Whenthesemusclesbecomeweak,peoplesufferfrombackpain,poorbodyposition,andfasterphysicaldecline.Traditionalexerciseslikesit-upsoftenfailtoactivatethemThestudyrecommendsthreesimplehabits:sittinginachairwithoutleaningback,standingwhileonphonecalls,andpracticingbalanceexercisesforjustfiveminutesaday.These‘anti-gravity’actionsworkbykeepingdeepcoremusclesconstantlybutgentlyactivated—similartohowastronautsmaintainmusclefunctioninspacewithoutheavyequipment.Participantswhofollowedtheroutineforeightweeksreportedsignificantlylessbackpainandfeltmoreenergetic.Unlikehardworkoutsthatrequirespecialequipmentandmuchtime,thisapproachfitseasilyintodailylife.Evensmalleffortscanproducemeaningfulresults.WhydoastronautsneedtodospeciallightexercisesinTotraintheirouterstomachmusclesasinaTostoptherapidweakeningofmusclesandTopreparethemselvesforheavyequipmentToimprovetheirbalancebeforereturningtoWhatcanwelearnaboutdeepcoremusclesfromDr.Mitchell’sTheyareeasytoactivatebydoingtraditionalsit-TheystopworkinggraduallyundermicrogravityTheyarethemainmusclestrainedincommongymTheirconditioniscloselyconnectedwithpeople’sphysicalWhatdoweknowaboutthethreesimplehabitsfromthelasttwoTheyrequireuserstomaintainspecialbodypositionsforalongTheyweredevelopedforastronautsandthendirectlygiventoTheireffectivenesswassupportedbyreportsfromrealTheyworkbestwhencombinedwithtraditionalgymWhatisthemainpurposeoftheTocomparethedailylivesofastronautsandofficeToexplainhowmicrogravityaffectsthehumanbodyinTointroduceaspace-inspiredmethodforimprovingphysicalToadvertiseanewexerciseprogramthatrequiresspecial第二节（52.512.5分Cybersecurity:ASharedResponsibilityintheDigitalTheInternethasbecomeanessentialpartofmodernlife,connectingpeople,businessesandgovernmentsacrossthe 36However,thisconveniencecomeswithhiddendangers,suchasdataleaks,fraudandhacking Itreferstothepracticeofprotectingcomputers,networksanddatafromdigitalattacks.Theseattacksoftenaimtoaccess,changeordestroysensitiveinformation,orextortmoneyfromusers.Forindividuals,cybersecuritymeansprotectingpersonalprivacyandproperty.Simplehabitscangreatlyreducerisks:usingstrongpasswords,avoidingsuspiciouslinks,andnotsharingIDnumbersorbankdetailsBusinessesalsorelyheavilyoncybersecurity.Asingledataleakcanleadtohugefinanciallossesanddamagetoreputation.39TheyneedtoupdatesecuritysystemsregularlyandtrainemployeestorecognizepotentialOnanationallevel,cybersecurityiscrucialtonationalsecurityandsocialstability.Governmentsaroundtheworldarestrengtheninglawsandbuildingadvanceddefensesystems.40Inshort,cybersecurityisnotjustajobforexperts.Itisasharedresponsibilitythatrequireseffortsfromindividuals,businessesandgovernments.SowhatexactlyisManypeoplearestillunawareofonlineBeingcarefulisthebestwaytoprotectCybercrimehasincreasedrapidlyinrecentItalsohelpsmaintainpublictrustindigitalWecanshop,workandcommunicateonlineTherefore,companiesmusttakestrictsecurity第三部分语言知识运用（30分）第一节（15115分）OnabrightSaturdaymorning,ItookpartinavolunteerbeachcleanupatJawboneMarineSanctuary.Ijoinedintheactivity41becausemyfriendinvitedme,ratherthanhavingareal42foroceanprotection.Atfirstsight,thebroadbeachseemedneatandclean.Yetaswe43alongtheshore,wediscoveredallkindsof44.Countlessplasticpieceslayhiddenunderseashells,and45shoesandoldtyreswerehalf-buriedinthesanddunes.Iworkedslowlyatthebeginning,feeling46andhopingtofinishearly.Everythingchangedwhen47aseaturtleshelltrappedinsideaplasticbag.Icouldn’tstopthinkingabouthowmanyseaanimals48plasticforfoodorgetcaughtinsuchrubbish.Deeplytouched,I49myselfintotheworkwholeheartedly.Bymid-morning,ourteamhad50morethan180kilogramsoflitterintotal.Lookingatthehugepileofwaste,Ifeltashamedofpeople’scarelessacts.Meanwhile,Ifeltproudthatwehadmadeasmall51.Icametorealizethatcleaningbeachesismorethanjustclearingawayrubbish.Itisanof52fortheplanetweallThismeaningfulexperience53mywayofthinking.Iusedtobelieveonepersoncouldhardlyhaveanyimpact.NowIunderstandthatsmalleffortscan54greatchanges.Fromthenon,Iformedagoodhabit.Ialwayscarry55bagsandneverlitter.Iwillkeepdoingmybesttoprotectthemarineenvironment.41.A.B.C.D.42.A.B.C.D.43.A.B.C.D.44.A.B.C.D.45.A.B.C.D.46.A.B.C.D.47.A.B.C.D.48.A.B.C.D.49.A.B.C.D.50.A.B.C.D.51.A.B.C.D.52.A.B.C.D.53.A.B.C.D.54.A.comedownB.addupC.resultD.rely55.A.B.C.D.第二节（101.515分1DuringtheSpringFestival,Zhanqi,anancientvillageinAnhui,becameworld-famous 800-year-oldfishlanternshows.Atnight,vividfish-shapedlanternsswaygently,winning (popular)amongpeopleathomeandZhengDongjiao,whooncestruggledtomakealivingin (eventual)cameback worriedhimmostwasthatthepreciousfolkcustommightfadeaway,becausemost (resident)hadleftandtheelderlycouldnolongercarryitAstheleaderofthelanternparade,Zhengcalledbackyoungvillagers,standardizeddancemovesandpromotedtheculturevialivestreaming.Thefishlanternsnowserveasanemotionalbond,61(draw)younglocalsandattractingtouriststolearnabouttraditionalChineseOriginally,thelanternparade62(hold)toprayforsafety.Butnowadays,itstandsforpeople’sforhealthandhappiness.63(list)asaprovincialintangibleculturalheritagein2022,ithasgreatlylocaltourism.Thelocalgovernment64(aim)todevelopthistraditionintoasustainableindustry.Itpassdownvaluableculturalheritageandhelpvillagersliveabetterlife,making65ancientcharm第四部分写作（40分第一节（满分15分）1）（2）DearSirorDearSirorLi第二节（25分67Anandwasplayingwithhisyoungerbrotherinthebackyardofhishome.Suddenly,henoticedsomesparrowswerebusybuildingnests.Twoofthemwerebuildinganestonadecorativetree.Anotherpairwasbusybuildinganestunderthecaves(屋檐)oftheroof,andthethirdpairwastryingtobuildanestamongpipesonthewall.Boththebrothersbecameinterestedandobservedhowthesesparrowsbringstrawsanddrygrasstomaketheirnests.Anandwasafourteen-year-oldhighschoolstudent.Histen-year-oldbrotherVinodstudiedinprimaryschool.Bothofthemwerecleverboys.However,thefatherwasnotsatisfiedwithAnand’sstudiesandhopedhecouldscoremoremarksinmath.Actually,Anandwasweakinmath,andhewasabitlazyandcareless.Hisalwaystoldhimhecoulddobetterifheputinmoreeffort,whileAnandsaidhewastryinghisItwasSundaymorning,andtheweatherwasfine.Anand,Vinod,andGrandfatherwerehavingteainthebackyardafterbreakfast.Vinodwaslookingatthewallwheretwosparrowsweretryingtosetthestrawsanddrygrassinthespacebetweenthepipeandthewall,buttheyfailed.Everytimethestrawordrygrassfelldown,thesparrowscamedown,pickeditup,andagaintried,butitfelldownagain.HesaidtoAnand,“Thesetwosparrowsarestillmakingtheirnest,whileothersparrowshavealreadymadetheirnests.”Anandsaid,“Ithinkthesetwosparrowsdon’tknowhowtomakeanest.”Thenextmorning,Vinodsawthesparrowswerestilltryingtomakeanestbyarrangingstrawsandgrass,butalltheirattemptsweregoinginvain.Thenextday,thewholefamilywasawayfromhomefortwodaystotakepartinamarriageceremonyinanearbycity.（1）（2）Returnin