【新教材】人教版（2024）七年级上册英语Unit 3 语法讲义（含练习题及答案）

第第页【新教材】人教版（2024）七年级上册英语Unit3语法讲义Unit3·Where问句·therebe结构·方位介词语法精讲·随堂练·综合检测学习目标目标一：理解并正确运用问询方位的问句“Whereis/are...?”及其答语。目标二：理解therebe结构的构成特点，以及therebe结构在不同语境中所表达的意义，包含其肯定式、否定式、疑问式及其答语。目标三：运用therebe结构和表示方位的介词描述某场所内的物品位置。一方位介词（PrepositionsofPosition）1.常用方位介词方位介词用来表示物体之间的位置关系。以下是本单元最常用的方位介词：介词含义示例in在……里面intheclassroomon在……上面（表面接触）onthewall/onthedeskunder在……下面underthechairbehind在……后面behindthebuildinginfrontof在……前面infrontofthelibrarynextto在……旁边nexttothewindowbetween在……之间betweenthelibraryandthegymacrossfrom在……对面acrossfromtheschoolhall破解点：区分infrontof和inthefrontof：infrontof→在物体外部的前面（A在B的前面，A和B是分开的）inthefrontof→在物体内部的前面（A在B内部靠前的位置）✅Thereisatreeinfrontoftheclassroom.（树在教室外面）

✅Theteacher'sdeskisinthefrontoftheclassroom.（讲台在教室内部靠前）2.教材3a方位介词精讲圈出方位介词：Itisbehindtheclassroombuilding.→behindTheyarenexttothewindow.→nexttoThereisateacher'sbuildingacrossfromtheschoolhall.→acrossfromThereisastudentcentrebetweenthelibraryandthegym.→betweenTherearesometreesinfrontofthesportsfield.→infrontof破解点：方位介词通常放在名词短语前面，构成介词短语，表示位置。练习一·用合适的方位介词填空1.Thelibraryis_______________theclassroombuilding.（在后面）2.Thebookcasesare_______________thewindow.（在……旁边）3.Thereisagarden_______________theschoolhall.（在……对面）4.Thepostofficeis_______________thebankandthehotel.（在……之间）5.Therearesomeflowers_______________thebuilding.（在……前面）6.Thecatis_______________thechair.（在……下面）7.Themapis_______________thewall.（在……上面）二Where问句1.Where问句的构成Where用来询问位置，意为“在哪里”。句型结构例句单数Whereis+单数名词/代词?Whereisthelibrary?

—It'sbehindtheclassroombuilding.复数Whereare+复数名词/代词?Wherearethebookcases?

—Theyarenexttothewindow.破解点：问单数用Whereis，答语用It's...问复数用Whereare，答语用They're...注意缩写：Whereis→Where's；Itis→It's；Theyare→They're2.教材3aWhere问句精讲Whereisthelibrary?→单数，问地点→Itisbehindtheclassroombuilding.Wherearethebookcases?→复数，问地点→Theyarenexttothewindow.破解点：Where问句的答语中，be动词要和主语保持一致！练习二·用Where问句完成对话1.A:_______________thegym?

B:It'sbehindthelibrary.2.A:_______________thestudents?

B:Theyareintheclassroom.3.A:_______________mypen?

B:It'sonthedesk.4.A:_______________thepictures?

B:Theyareonthewall.5.A:_______________theteacher'sdesk?

B:It'sinfrontoftheblackboard.三therebe结构1.therebe结构的基本概念therebe结构表示“某处有某物”，用来表达存在。2.therebe的三种形式形式用法例句Thereis后接单数名词或不可数名词Thereisawhiteboardinourclassroom.Thereare后接复数名词Therearesomelockersinthehall.Thereis后接并列主语（就近原则）Thereisapenandtwobooksonthedesk.破解点：“就近原则”——therebe结构中的be动词由离它最近的名词决定！✅Thereisapenandtwobooks.（apen是单数→is）✅Therearetwobooksandapen.（twobooks是复数→are）3.therebe的肯定式、否定式与疑问式句式结构例句肯定式Thereis/are+名词+方位短语.Thereisalibrarybehindthebuilding.否定式Thereis/are+not+名词+方位短语.Thereisn'tagyminthisschool.疑问式Is/Arethere+名词+方位短语?Isthereawhiteboardinyourclassroom?疑问答语Yes,thereis/are./No,thereisn't/aren't.Yes,thereis./No,therearen't.4.教材3atherebe精讲在therebe结构下画线：Thereisateacher'sbuildingacrossfromtheschoolhall.→单数名词，用isThereisastudentcentrebetweenthelibraryandthegym.→单数名词，用isTherearesometreesinfrontofthesportsfield.→复数名词，用areIsthereawhiteboardinyourclassroom?→疑问句，单数，用IsArethereanylockers?→疑问句，复数，用Are破解点：therebe结构中，be动词的数由后面的名词决定！练习三·用Thereis/Thereare填空1._______________awhiteboardinourclassroom.2._______________somebookcasesbehindthedoor.3._______________agardenandtwoplaygroundsinourschool.4._______________anylockersinthehallway?（疑问句）5._______________notagyminthisschool.（否定句）6._______________anystudentsintheclassroomnow?（疑问句）7._______________ateacher'sdeskand30desksintheroom.练习四·therebe句型转换1.Thereisalibrarybehindthebuilding.（改为一般疑问句）

_____________________________________________2.Therearesomelockersinthehall.（改为否定句）

_____________________________________________3.Isthereagyminyourschool?（作肯定回答和否定回答）

肯定回答：

_____________

否定回答：

_____________

4.Arethereanyflowersinthegarden?（作肯定回答和否定回答）

肯定回答：

_____________

否定回答：

_____________

四教材3b精讲完成句子：A:Wherearethelockers?B:They'renexttothereadingcorner.→lockers是复数，问句用are，答语用They'reThereisanicelibrarybehindtheclassroombuilding.→library是单数，用isA:Isthereagyminthisschool?B:Yes,thereisacrossfromthedininghall.→gym是单数，疑问用Is，肯定回答用isA:Arethereanyflowersinfrontoftheclassroombuilding?B:No,therearen't.Buttherearesometrees.→flowers是复数，疑问用Are，否定用aren't，肯定用areA:Whereistheschoolhall?B:It'sbetweentheclassroombuildingandthesciencebuilding.→hall是单数，问句用is，答语用It'sTherearesomepicturesoffamouspeopleonthewall.→pictures是复数，用are破解点：做therebe/Where填空时，先看后面的名词是单数还是复数，再决定用is还是are！练习五·用is/are/isn't/aren't填空1.A:Where_______________thelibrary?

B:It_______________behindtheclassroombuilding.2.There_______________agardeninourschool.3.A:_______________thereaswimmingpoolhere?

B:No,there_______________.Butthere_______________asportsfield.4.A:Where_______________thestudents?

B:They_______________intheclassroom.5.There_______________somebooksontheshelf.五教材3c精讲方位介词辨析·圈出正确的介词原文：ThisisaclassroomintheUK.Therearemanythingsintheroom.There'sascreeninfrontof/onthewall.Awhiteboardisnextto/underthescreen.Therearesomebookcasesacrossfrom/behindthewhiteboard.Theteacher'sdeskisinthecorner,under/infrontofawindow.Studentssitbetween/onchairsatlongtables,buttodaytherearen'tanystudents.破解点：onthewall→屏幕挂在墙上（表面接触），不是infrontof（在前面）nexttothescreen→白板在屏幕旁边，不是under（下面）acrossfrom→书柜在白板对面，不是behind（后面）underawindow→讲台在窗户下面，不是infrontof（前面）onchairs→学生坐在椅子上，不是between（在……之间）练习六·选择正确的方位介词1.Themapis_______________(on/in)thewall.2.Thepostofficeis_______________(nextto/under)thebank.3.Theteacher'sdeskis_______________(infrontof/between)theblackboard.4.Thereisagarden_______________(behind/acrossfrom)thelibrary.5.Thecatissleeping_______________(under/on)thechair.6.Thebookcaseis_______________(between/nextto)thewindowandthedoor.六易错点与重难点易错点一：Where问句和therebe结构混淆。✅Whereisthelibrary?（问位置）

✅Thereisalibrarybehindthebuilding.（表存在）易错点二：therebe结构中，be动词的数由后面的名词决定。✅Thereisapenandtwobooks.

✅Therearetwobooksandapen.易错点三：方位介词混淆。infrontof（在外部前面）vsinthefrontof（在内部前面）

nextto（在旁边）vsbetween（在两者之间）

acrossfrom（在对面）vsbehind（在后面）易错点四：therebe的否定句中，some要变成any。✅Therearesomebooks.→Therearen'tanybooks.易错点五：therebe的疑问句中，some要变成any。✅Arethereanybooks?（不是some）练习七·改错题1.Thereareabookonthedesk.→

_____________________________________________2.Whereisthestudents?→

_____________________________________________3.Thereissomeflowersinthegarden.→

_____________________________________________4.Aretheresomepicturesonthewall?→

_____________________________________________5.Thecatisinfrontofthebox.（猫在盒子内部靠前）→

_____________________________________________七语法图表总结（必背）Where问句与答语问句答语Whereis+单数名词/代词?Itis+方位短语.Whereare+复数名词/代词?Theyare+方位短语.therebe结构总表句式单数复数肯定句Thereis+单数名词...Thereare+复数名词...否定句Thereisn't+单数名词...Therearen't+复数名词...一般疑问句Isthere+单数名词...?Arethere+复数名词...?肯定回答Yes,thereis.Yes,thereare.否定回答No,thereisn't.No,therearen't.常用方位介词速记介词含义例句on在……上面onthewallin在……里面intheclassroomunder在……下面underthechairbehind在……后面behindthedoorinfrontof在……前面infrontofthelibrarynextto在……旁边nexttothewindowbetween在……之间betweenAandBacrossfrom在……对面acrossfromthehall八综合检测（全题型）一、单项选择题1._______________therealibraryinyourschool?A.IsB.AreC.DoD.Does2.Where_______________thebookcases?A.isB.areC.amD.be3.There_______________awhiteboardandsomedesksintheclassroom.A.isB.areC.amD.be4.Therearen't_______________flowersinthegarden.A.someB.anyC.muchD.a5.Thelibraryis_______________thegymandthedininghall.A.nexttoB.acrossfromC.behindD.between6.—Isthereagardeninyourschool?—_______________A.Yes,thereare.B.No,thereisn't.C.Yes,itis.D.No,itisn't.7.Thepictureis_______________thewall.A.inB.onC.underD.behind8._______________thereanystudentsintheclassroom?A.IsB.AreC.DoD.Does9.Theteacher'sdeskis_______________theblackboard.（在教室内部靠前）A.infrontofB.inthefrontofC.behindD.nextto10.There_______________somewaterinthebottle.A.isB.areC.amD.be二、用is/are填空1.Where_______________thegym?2.There_______________alibrarybehindthebuilding.3._______________thereanylockersinthehallway?4.There_______________somepicturesonthewall.5.Where_______________thestudents?6.There_______________ateacher'sdeskand30desksintheroom.7._______________thereagardeninyourschool?8.There_______________notanyflowersinfrontofthebuilding.9.Where_______________mybooks?10.There_______________somewaterinthecup.三、用方位介词填空1.Thelibraryis_______________theclassroombuilding.（在后面）2.Thebookcasesare_______________thewindow.（在……旁边）3.Thereisagarden_______________theschoolhall.（在……对面）4.Thepostofficeis_______________thebankandthehotel.（在……之间）5.Themapis_______________thewall.（在……上面）6.Thecatis_______________thechair.（在……下面）7.Therearesometrees_______________thebuilding.（在……前面）四、句型转换1.Thereisalibrarybehindthebuilding.（改为一般疑问句）

_____________________________________________2.Therearesomelockersinthehall.（改为否定句）

_____________________________________________3.Thebookcasesarenexttothewindow.（对划线部分提问）

_____________________________________________4.Isthereagyminyourschool?（作肯定回答和否定回答）

肯定回答：

_____________

否定回答：

_____________5.Therearesomeflowersinthegarden.（改为一般疑问句）

_____________________________________________五、短文填空Thisismyclassroom.Itisbigandclean.

______

(Thereis/Thereare)awhiteboardonthewall.

______(Thereis/Thereare)somedesksandchairsintheroom.Theteacher'sdeskis

______(infrontof/under)theblackboard.

______(Thereis/Thereare)amapofChinaonthewall.

______(Arethere/Isthere)anypictures?No,there

______(isn't/aren't).Butthere

______(is/are)someflowers

______(nextto/between)thewindow.Ilovemyclassroom.六、改错题1.Thereareabookonthedesk.→

_______________________________________2.Whereisthestudents?→____________________________________________3.Thereissomeflowersinthegarden.→____________________________________________4.Aretheresomepicturesonthewall?→___________________________________________5.Thelibraryisacrossfromthegymandthedininghall.（在两者之间）→____________________________________________6.Therearen'tsomebooksontheshelf.→____________________________________________七、选词填空从方框中选择正确的词填空。is/are/isn't/aren't/behind/nextto/between/acrossfromThisisourschool.There

______

abiglibrary

______

theclassroombuildingandthegym.Thegymis

______

thedininghall.There

______

somelockers

______

thelibrary.There

______

anyswimmingpoolinourschool,butthere

______

asportsfield

______

thelibrary.九课后自我检测清单我能正确使用Whereis/are询问位置。我能正确使用thereis/are表达存在。我能正确使用方位介词（in/on/under/behind/infrontof/nextto/between/acrossfrom）。我能区分some和any在therebe中的用法。我能区分infrontof和inthefrontof。我能用therebe结构描述教室或学校内的物品位置。参考答案练习一：1.behind2.nextto3.acrossfrom4.between5.infrontof6.under7.on练习二：1.Whereis2.Whereare3.Whereis4.Whereare5.Whereis练习三：1.Thereis2.Thereare3.Thereis4.Arethere5.Thereis6.Arethere7.Thereis练习四：1.Istherealibrarybehindthebuilding?2.Therearen'tanyloc