教学材料商务英语阅读-Chapter Seven

Afterfinishingthischapter,youwillbeableto:

identifythestylisticfeaturesofjournalsarticlereadtheheadlinereadtheleadreadthebodyWhatdoesitmean?“CompanyExpectstoTakeaChargeinFourthPeriod”

toapplyforaloanBusinesstermsBackgroundknowledge&businesstermsCurrentaffairsHistoryandcultureInternationaleconomyInternationalpoliticsInternationaltradingandfinanceWhatshouldweequipuswithwhenreadingbusinessjournals?Howtomakeiteasier?BasicstructureLanguagefeatureBusinesstermsSetphrasesStructureofbusinessjournals7.1HowToReadHeadlinesHeadlinesare:briefaccuratevividdesignedtocatchreaders’attentionandinterest,helpingreaderspredictthesubjectofanarticleanditsmainideaorviewpoint.7.1.1PredictWhatIsintheNews“CityMergesRetailGiant”Whatwehaveknownfromtheheadline:“merge”twoormorepartscombineorjointogethertoformonething“giants”theretailersarehuge,strong,andingoodcondition7.1.1PredictWhatIsintheNews“CityMergesRetailGiant”Whatweexpectfromthearticle:“CityMergesRetailGiant”Whowillgetmerged?Whatpurposeisthemergefor?Whatwillitbelikeaftermerging?—itsname,itsscale,itsshare…“CityMergesRetailGiant”Whatisthecity?“CityMergesRetailGiant”Whataretheretailgiants?—theirname,theirscale,etc.USAirwaysSeeksAid

Whatwehaveknownfromtheheadline:1)USAirways:aUSairlinecarrier2)USAirwayslookedforhelpWhatweexpectfromthearticle:1)Whatkindofaiddoesitseekfor?2)Whydoesitseekaid?3)Howcanitgettheaid?4)Whatwillitbelikeifitgetstheaid?Task1KeyWhathaveweknow?Whatdoweexpect?1)vs.“vs.”indicatesacompetitionbetweentwopartsFreemarketandsoviet-stylearetwodifferenteconomicmode1)Whatarethetwopartsinthecompetition?2)Whataretheadvantagesandthedisadvantagesofeachpart?3)Whichpartwillwinthecompetition?4)Why?2)trouble1)Japansufferedfromdeflation2)Japanistryingtofightdeflation3)It’sdifficultforJapantoconquerdeflationWhatarethedifficultiesthatJapanmeettofightdeflation?HowisJapansufferedfromdeflation?Reference:1)AFreeMarketWinnervs.aSoviet-styleLoser(自由市场经济模式的胜利者对决苏联经济模式的失败者)2)JapanHasTroubleFightingDeflation(日本通货紧缩很难遏制)7.1.2

UnderstandItsGrammaticalFeaturesa.Headlinesareoftenincompletesentences.IranOptimisticOnOilOutput----CHINADAILY(IranIsOptimisticOnOilOutput伊朗对石油产量持乐观态度)LastChancefortheYen?----BUSINESSWEEK(IsthistheLastChancefortheYen?日元的最后机会？)b.Presenttensetellswhathappenedinthepast.RussiarulesoutoilPriceReduction----CHINADAILY(RussiaruledoutoilPriceReduction俄罗斯否认油价将下跌)

TCLTriestoExpandGlobalInfluence-----BUSINESSWEEK(TCLTriedtoExpandGlobalInfluenceTCL试图扩大全球影响)7.1.2

UnderstandItsGrammaticalFeaturesc.Infinitivetellswhatwillhappeninthefuture.RestructuredIBMtoPostQuarterlyGain----LOSANGELESTIMES(RestructuredIBMwillPostQuarterlyGain重组后的IBM即将发布其季度利润报告)

ChinaTelecomtoListAnyway----CHINADAILY(ChinaTelecomwilllistAnyway无论如何，中国电信都将上市)d.PastparticipleindicatesthepassivevoiceHKStocksSeenSmootherDespiteSARS(HKStocksIsSeenSmootherDespiteSARS尽管受SARS影响，香港股市可望更加平稳)

EarningsExpectedtoDisappointInvestors(EarningsIsExpectedtoDisappointInvestors收益会让投资者失望)7.1.2

UnderstandItsGrammaticalFeaturese.PresentparticipletellswhatishappeningorwhatwillhappenCAcomingtoBeijing----CHINADAILY(CAiscomingtoBeijing/CAwillcometoBeijingCA将来北京

CA:美国ComputingAssociates公司，全球著名的最大软件公司之一)

GoingEastforTechGrowth(ManyCompaniesAreGoingEastforTechGrowth到东方寻求技术发展)f.Commatakestheplaceof“and”AsianFlu,EuropeanSniffles(AsianFlu,andEuropeanSniffles亚洲一感冒，欧洲就打喷嚏)

Mundell:Dollartoweaken,eurotorise(Mundell:Dollaristoweaken,andeuroistorise蒙代尔说：美元将减弱，而欧元将上升Mundell:Nobelprize-winningeconomistRobertMundell)Task2Reference:Theunderlinedwordsmayhelpyoudothematch.A.5.Moreauditingreportswillbemadepublicinthecomingfiveyearstoenhancesupervision,theNationalAuditOffice(NAO)hasrevealed.B.3.ElectricitydistributionfromtheThreeGorgesprojecthasbeenrevisedbythegovernmenttoallowthepower-pinchedChongqingMunicipalitytoreceiveashareoftheproduct.C.1.TheRepublicofKorea’s(ROK)grossdomesticproduct(GDP)growthrateinthethreemonthstoJunewillbehigherthanthefirstquarter’sgrowthof5.7percentyear-on-year,FinanceandEconomyMinisterJeonYun-Churlsaidyesterday.D.4.Beijingwillsimplifyproceduresforapprovingfixedassetinvestmentprojects.Theexaminationandapprovalperiodwillbeshortenedfrom480daystobetween60to180days,saidXinTieliang,anofficialofthemunicipalgovernment.E.2.ChinasawajumpinsteelimportsandafallinexportsduringthefirsthalfofthisyearasaresultofitsentryintotheWorldTradeOrganization(WTO)andtradeconflictsbetweenworld’smajorsteelproducers.Task3

Reference:A.Auditingreportstobeopened(审计报告将要公开)B.PowerDistributionPlanRestructured(电力分配方案已经调整)C.GDPgrowthseenhigher(GDPgrowthrate

isseentobehigher预计GDP增长率将会更高)D.Proceduresbeingsimplified(程序将简化)E.BuyingMoreSteel,SellingLess（钢铁进口增加，出口减少）7.1.3KnowWellItsLexicalFeaturesa.Journalisticwordsaremoreeffective.MoneyFlows,CreditBooms(货币流通，贷款增加)NewPlanGotAxe(新计划被突然终止)b.Acronyms(以字头字母组合的词)maketheheadlinebrief.OPECUnlikelytoRaiseOutput(石油输出国家组织将不会提高产量)IMFAgreestoLoanBrazilanotherUS$30b(国际货币基金组织同意再贷给巴西300亿美元)7.1.3KnowWellItsLexicalFeaturesc.AbbreviationsIsSmallBizMicrosoft’sNextBigThing?(Bizstandsforbusiness小企业，微软的下一个大目标？)Microsoft3QProfitUpSlightlyAsSalesRise8%(3Q:3rdquarter.微软第三季度销售额上升8%，其利润小幅上升)ITConsultingFirmsToCo-op(Co-opstandsforco-operation.IT咨询公司将进行合作)d.Nounsareusedasverbstomaketheheadlinevivid.USLoansUruguayUS$1.5b(美国向乌拉圭发放贷款15亿美元)Constructionfirmalsoeyesupscaledomesticprojects.(建筑公司也关注高层次的国内市场)IndiatopipegasfromIran(印度将铺设管道进口伊朗天然气)7.1.3KnowWellItsLexicalFeaturese.Newwordsarecreatedtoachievenovelty.MotownSlowdown(汽车城发展减速“Motown”standsformotortown.ItreferstothecityofDetroitwherealotofmotorcompaniessuchasGeneralMotorsCorp.,FordMotorCo.arelocated.)AmericansEmbracingE-GovDespitePrivacyConcerns(E-Gov:onlinegovernmentservices尽管涉及到个人隐私，美国仍然大力发展政府网)Task4Reference:1)c2)e3)a4)b5)dTask5Reference:ad=advertisement广告biz=business商业champ=champion冠军com’l=commercial商业的corp=corporation公司curio=curiosity好奇gov’t=government政府hi-fi=highfidelity高保真info=information信息mod=modern现代的prod’n=production生产Techies=technologies技术，工艺7.2HowToReadLeadLead:reinforcestheheadlineIntroducesandsumsupthestory7.2.1Answer“8W”QuestionsWhatisthemainevent?Whatpurposeistheeventfor?Whatresultthemaineventhascausedorwillcause?Whydidtheeventtakeplace?Whendidtheeventtakeplace?Wheredidtheeventtakeplace?Howdidtheeventtakeplace?Whoreleasedthenews?/Whenisthenewsreleased?(source)7.2.1Answer“8W”QuestionsCitytomergeretailgiantsShanghaiplanstomergetheparentcompaniesofthecountry'sfourlargestretailerstoprepareforgrowingcompetitionfromforeignretailgiantsexpandingrapidlyinChina,agovernmentofficialsaidyesterday.Theleadparagraphreinforcestheheadline:thecityreferstoShanghai,retailgiantsaretheparentcompaniesofthecountry'sfourlargestretailers.Youcanfindouttheanswerstofiveofthequestionsabove:Whatistheevent?—ShanghaiplanstomergefourlargestretailersWhatpurposeistheeventfor?

—toprepareforgrowingcompetitionfromforeignretailgiantsWheredidtheeventtakeplace?—ShanghaiWhendidtheeventtakeplace?—

“plansto”:inthenearfuture6)Whoreleasedthenews?/Whenisthenewsreleased?—agovernmentofficialsaidyesterdayTask1ReferenceTheleadmakesarestatementoftheheadlineatfirst:“surgedtoanine-yearhigh”meansthesameas“SetsNine-yearRecord”;andthenprovidessomebackgroundmessages:time,reasonandsource.1)Whatistheevent?—USjoblessratesurgedtoanine-yearhigh2)Whydidtheeventtakeplace?—employerscut30,000workersfromtheirpayrolls3)Wheredidtheeventtakeplace?—US4)Whendidtheeventtakeplace?—inJune5)Whoreleasesthenews?/Whenisthenewsreleased?—thegovernmentsaidonThursdayinanunexpectedlygloomyreportontheeconomyTask2Reference(1)What:AMDandFujitsuhaveagreedtocombinetheirflash-memorychipoperations

Whatpurpose:tocreateacompanysecondonlytoIntelinproducingchipsWhere:TokyoSource:AdvancedMicroDevicesInc.andFujitsuLtd.saidTuesday(2)What:MicrosoftCorphastakenthefirststeptowardoffering

itsapplicationsoftwareontheLinuxoperatingsystemWhateffect:havingsignedacontractforInterVideoInctoportitsWindowsMediatechnologytoLinux.Task2Reference(3)What:SonyCorpwillwithdrawitsapplicationtoregister"shockandawe"astitleforaPlayStationvideogame.Where:USWhy:"shockandawe"isacatchphraseusedbytheUSforcesintheirinitialaircampaigninIraqSource:SonyCorpsaidTuesday4)What:IBMCorpwillreportitsfirstyear-over-yearquarterlyearningsriseinnearlytwoyearsWhy:becauseofjobcutsandtheclosureofsomechip-makingoperationsWhen:todayTask3Reference1)a.(东京—先进微缩设备公司和富士通公司星期二宣布已同意合并其闪存芯片业务，以使新公司成为仅次于英特尔的用于电话和数码相机的数据储存的芯片生产商)2)f（微软公司迈出第一步，为开放源代码的Linux操作系统提供应用软件，已和InterVideo公司签署协议，将“视窗媒体”技术应用于Linux操作系统。）3)b(索尼公司星期二声称将撤回向美国专利局递交的为其“PlayStation”视频游戏命名为“ShockandAwe”的申请，因为美军伊拉克战争的首次空袭的代号就是“ShockandAwe”。)4)c(IBM公司，世界最大的计算机公司，今天将报告其最近两年来的首次季度收入增长，这是在其实施了裁员和终止一些芯片制造业务的措施后实现的)7.2.2IdentifyTheMainMessageType-S(Singular-EventStructure)(单项新闻事件导语)Type-M(Multi-EventStructure)(多项新闻事件导语).Type-S(Singular-EventStructure)Whatistheeffectiveverb?e.g.(1)TheMinistryofScienceandTechnologyannouncedlastweekendthat(2)Chinahasmadeamajorbreakthroughinhigh-endfibre-opticproducts.“announced”islesseffectivethan“made”becauseitservesasprovidingthesourceratherthanconveyingmainmessage.Somessage(2)isthemainevent.Task4Reference1)D2)B3)B4)CTypeM:Multi-EventStructureWhatisthelogicalconnectors(逻辑关联词)?(causeandeffect,purpose,contrast,ordevelopment).e.gHONGKONG(Reuters)-SharesinHongKong‘sCathayPacificAirwaysLtd,Asia’sfourth-largestcarrier,divedtoa17-monthlowonMondayafteritsaiditmighthavetogrounditspassengerfleetinMayifthedeadlySARSviruscontinuedtoscareawaytravelers.Messages:sharesinHongKong'sCathayPacificAirwaysLtddivedtoa17-monthlowonMonday;(CPAis)Asia'sfourth-largestcarrier;it(CPA)saidsomething;thedeadlySARSvirusscareawaytravelers;CPAmighthavetogrounditspassengerfleetinMayiftheSARScontinues.What’stherelationshipbetweenthem?What’sthemainevent?Thinkabouttheroleof“after”,andtrytoanswerthequestionsbelow.1)SharesinHongKong'sCathayPacificAirwaysLtddivedtoa17-monthlowonMondaybecause:A.thedeadlySARSvirusscareawaytravelersB.CPAgroundeditspassengerfleetinMay.C.CPAannouncedsomebadnews.D.CPAannouncedinMaythatitmighthavetogrounditspassengerfleet.2)Themaineventofthenewsis:A.sharesinHongKong'sCPAfelldramaticallyonMondaybecauseitannouncedthatitspassengerfleetmightbegrounded.B.thedeadlySARSvirusscareawaytravelerssothatsharesinHongKong'sCPAfelldramaticallyonMonday.C.CPAmighthavetogrounditspassengerfleetinMayiftheSARScontinuesD.CPAsaiditmighthavetogrounditspassengerfleetinMayifSARSviruscontinuedtoscareawaytravelersThemainstructureofthisleadis“Shares…dived…afteritsaid…”CPAsaidsomebadnews,andafterthat,itssharesdived.Obviously,theword“after”hereshowsthereasonwhysharesdived.Keepingthisstructureinyourmind,youcaneasilyfindtheanswers:1)c,2)a.Themost-commonlyusedconnectorsare:a.Theconnectors

showingthe

cause:because/as/after/for/V-edb.Theconnectorsshowingtheconsequence:and/V-ing/with

c.Theconnectorsshowingthepurpose:tryingto/seekingto/tod.Theconnectorsshowingtherelationshipofcontrast:

and/butTask5Reference1)…officialsaid…relationshipisrecovering,but…issues…needtobesettled(昨天一中方高级官员声称中美经济关系正在恢复，但是中美经济联系中仍有两大问题尚待解决。)2)…government…backed…efforts…bybringing…delegation…toBeijingandShanghai(美国政府率八大软件公司的豪华代表团访问北京和上海，旨在支持其计算机软件业在中国扩大销售)Task5Reference3)TheCSCEC…consolidate…businesstoform…subsidiary,following…callfor…tapping…market(响应中央政府打开国际市场的号召，中国国家建筑工程公司——全国最大的建筑承包商——在整合其国外业务的基础上建立了新的子公司,)4)…marketvolatility…unlikelytoplunge…EAeconomiesinto…crisisbecause…regionis…protected