广东惠州市2025-2026学年高二下学期期末质量检测英语试题（含答案）

广东惠州市2025-2026学年高二下学期期末质量检测英语试题一、阅读理解AComeJoinOurWatch:BecomeaCitizenScientistCoralreefs(珊瑚礁)providefoodandshelterforarichvarietyofmarinelife.Theyalsoprotectmillionsofpeoplefromcoastalfloodingandstorms.However,therearenotenoughscientiststomonitortheirhealth,andthisiswhereyoucanhelp.CoralWatch,acitizenscienceprogram,usestheCoralHealthCharttomeasurechangesincoralcolourassociatedwithcoralbleaching(白化).Thechartiseasytouseandallowsanyonetogetinvolvedwithoutspecialtraining.StepstoUsetheCoralHealthChartChoosearandomcoralandselectthelightestarea.Findtheclosestcolourmatchandrecordthecolourcode(代码).Thenselectthedarkestareaofthesamecoralandrecordthatcolourcode.Trytomonitoratleast.20coralspersurvey.TipsforMonitoringAvoidmeasuringthegrowingtipsofbranchingandplatecoralssincetheyarenaturallywhite.Donotmonitorblueorpurplecoralsbecausetheyhaveadifferentbleachingresponse.Coralsarefragileanimals.Donottouchorsteponthem.Useaflashlightwhendivingbelow5m/15feetduetocolorlossatdepth.Don'tjustrecordbleachedcorals.Aimforarepresentativesampleofallcoralcolors.ReefColourScoreDistributionAlldataispubliclyavailableintheglobaldatabaseat.Thebargraphaboveshowsthedistributionofcolourscoresfor20surveyedcoralsonaparticularreef.Ahealthyreefhasamajorityofscoresof3andmore.Don'twaitforcoralbleachingtooccur—monitoringhealthyreefsisjustasimportant.Togetstarted,requestyourfreeCoralHealthChartonline.1.WhatisthepurposeoftheCoralWatchprogram?A．Tocollectdataforgovernmentuse.B．Totrainprofessionalmarinescientists.C．TospreadknowledgeofCoralreefs.D．Toengagecitizensincoralmonitoring.2.Whatisadvisedwhenmonitoringcoralreefhealth?A．Includingpurplecoralsinsurveys.B．Recordingcoralsofvariouscolors.C．Measuringtipsofbranchingcorals.D．Avoidingusinganunderwaterlight.3.Whycantheparticularreefbeconsideredhealthy,accordingtothebargraph?A．Because30%ofthesurveyedcoralsonitscored3.B．Because45%ofthesurveyedcoralsonitscored4.C．Because75%ofthesurveyedcoralsonitscored3andmore.D．Because85%ofthesurveyedcoralsonitscored3andmore.BAllmylifeI'vebeenbadatsports.AtschoolIwasalwayspretendingtobesickontheannualsportsday,andIhadastandingnotefrommymothertoexcusemefromphysicaleducationclassesdueto.my“badfoot”.EvenafterI.startedexercisingregularlyinmymid-20s,Ineverjoinedmyfriends'footballteams.Then,lastyear,afriendinvitedmetoherbirthday“kickabout”—acasualgameoffootball.Hadwebeenlessclose,Imighthavemademyexcuses.Instead,Iturnedup,determinedtoeepasfarawayfromtheballaspossible.Tomygreatsurprise,Ienjoyedmyself.Insteadofrunning.downtheclockonthesidelines,Igotsweptupinthegame,rootingformyteamtoscore.Ayearlater,thekickaboutisnotonlystillgoing,butit'sgrownfromfiveorsixfriendstoateamofabout40.EveryotherSunday,wemeetandplayatourlocalsportscenter.WhatkeepsmeturningupeverySunday?Unexpectedly,itisnotthesocializingortheexercise.Ilovethesenseofchallengingmyself.withzeroexpectation—orevenhope—ofeverbeingactuallyskillful.Whydoesitfeelsogoodtobebadatsomething?“Amateurish(业余的)comesfromtheLatin,meaning‘onewholoves’,”explainsauthorKarenWalrond.HernewbookInDefenseofDabblingmakesthecasefor“intentionalamateurism”:findinganactivitywe'redrawntobutnotnecessarilynaturallygoodat,andstickingwithitanyway.Therearetworeasonstopursueintentionalamateurism.First,itchallengestheideathatwemustalwaysbeproductiveorconstantlyimproveourselves.Teachingyourselftocook,forinstance,issomethingyoumightdosimplyforpersonalenjoyment.Second,eventhoughyoumightneverimprove,you'lldefinitelyexperiencebenefits,whichcanflowintoyourdailylife,saysWalrond.4.Whatcanbeinferredabouttheauthor'sviewofsportsduringschooldays?A．Heenjoyedteamgames.B．Hefoundthemchallenging.C．Hetriedtoavoidparticipation.D．Hevaluedphysicalexercise.5.Whatmakestheauthorkeepjoiningtheweeklyfootballgame?A．Pleasureofpurechallenge.B．Needforregularphysicalexercise.C．Activeinteractionwithfriends.D．Desiretobecomeskillfulatfootball.6.Whatdoes“intentionalamateurism”advocate?A．Engaginginproductivehobbies.B．Developingtalentsinvariousfields.C．Enhancingprofessionalproductivity.D．Enjoyingactivitieswithoutskillpressure.7.Whatdoestheauthor'sexperienceshow?A．Hardworkpaysoff.B．Practicemakesperfect.C．Friendshipfuelsgrowth.D．Processoutweighstheoutcome.CEvensmallchangesinhowpeoplemovethroughenvironmentscansignificantlyaffectanimalbehaviorandcouldhaveimplicationsforwildlifeconservationefforts,anewstudyfinds.Animalsareinfluencedbybothdirecthumanpresenceandhuman-causedenvironmentalchanges,suchasagricultureandurbanization.ResearchersfromYaleandmorethan50organizationscollaborated(合作)globally.Forthefirsttimeever,theyusedmobilephonedata,pairedwithsatellite-derivedmeasurementsofhumanhabitatdisturbance,toinvestigatehowthesetwofactors,separatelyandincombination,impactanimalhabitatuse.Forsixyears,theytracked37speciesacrosstheU.S.usingGPSdevices,collecting11.8millionlocationpointsfrommorethan4,500animals.“Ithasbeenchallengingtocapturetheimpactofhumanpresenceonwildlife,”saysOliver,aleadingresearcher,“mobiledevicedataaretypicallynotavailable,butourstudywasmadepossiblebetween2019and2020whenhumanactivitydecreased.”Thisenabledresearcherstoseparatetheeffectsofhumanpresenceonanimalbehaviorfromlonger-termlandscapechangessuchasurbandevelopmentandagriculture.Thefindingswerestriking:over65%ofspecieschangedbehaviorduetohumanpresence,especiallyinnaturalsettings.Butdifferentspeciesrespondeddifferently.Manyreducedtheamountofspacetheyused,probablytoavoidpeople,butothersrespondedintheoppositeway.Forexample,ravenscoveredmoreground,likelytakingadvantageoffoodsourceslinkedtopeople,whilecoyotestendedtorestricttheirmovements.Thestudyalsofoundthatindividualanimalscouldadjusttheirbehaviorfromyeartoyear,demonstratingsomeflexibilityinresponsetochanginghumanactivity.Thisresearchhighlightsthatprotectingwildlifeneedsmorethanjustpreservinghabitats.Italsorequirescarefulmanagementofhumanactivitytimingandintensity,likelimitingtrafficduringkeyperiodsorreducingdisturbanceincertainareas.“Thecutting-edgetechnologyusedinthisstudyallowsustosee,withunprecedented(前所未有的)detail,howvariablewildliferesponsestohumanactivitiesreallyare,”saysScottYanco,aresearchecologist.“Thismeansthat

conservationstrategiesneedtobeverytargeted,notone-size-fits-all.”8.Whatisuniqueaboutthenewstudy?A．Itemphasizespeople'sconservationefforts.B．Itfocusesonthesmallchangesinenvironment.C．Itinvolvesexpertsfrommorethan50globalorganizations.D．Itstudiestwohuman-relatedfactorsindividuallyandjointly.9.Howdidtheresearcherscarryoutthestudy?A．Byusingself-madetools.B．Byadoptinghigh-techmeans.C．Bytrackinganimalsinlabs.D．Bychanginganimalhabitats.10.Whatcanwelearnfromthefindingsofthestudy?A．Animalstendtokeeptheirdistance.B．Animalsarebecomingmoreaggressive.C．Animalsshowvariedandflexibleadaptations.D．Animalsprefertoliveinurbanenvironments.11.Whatdoestheunderlinedpartinthelastparagraphmean?A．Moretechnologyisneededtotrackanimalbehavior.B．Protectingwildlifeshouldprioritizehabitatprotection.C．Wildlifeprotectionplansshouldsuitdifferentconditions.D．Humanpresenceshouldbereducedinwildlifeprotectionareas.DBuildingscontributesignificantlytoglobalcarbonemissions(排放),particularlyduringtheproductionofmaterialslikecement.Traditionalconcreteproductionisoneoftheworld'slargestsourcesofcarbondioxide(CO₂).IfwecanswitchtomaterialsthatnotonlyreduceemissionsbutactuallyabsorbCO₂,wecanmakeasubstantialdifferenceinfightingclimatechange.Now,ateamofscientistsatETHZurichhasdevelopedaremarkablenewbuildingmaterialthatcontainslivingbacteria.ThesebacteriaarespeciallyselectedtoturnCO₂fromtheairintosolidminerals.WhileregularconcretereleasesCO₂duringproduction,thismaterialabsorbsit,helpingtoreducegreenhousegasemissions.Insidethematerial,thebacteriaarefednutrientsincludingcalcium.Whenthey“eat”,theyreactwithCO₂intheairtoproducesolidcalciumcarbonate.Thisprocessissimilartohowseashellsforminnature.Overtime,thebacteriahelpthematerialgrowstrongerwhiletrappingmoreCO₂.Thescientistsmadethematerialporous(透气的),withnumeroustinyholes,whichgivebacteriaplentyofroomtoliveandallowairtopassthroughsothatthebacteriacancaptureCO₂efficiently.Beyonditscarbon-capturingability,thismaterialoffersotherbenefits.Itsproductionconsumeslessenergythanregularconcreteandissustainable.Thebacteriaalsorequirenospecialcare—onlyasmallamountoffoodandsuitableconditions.Ifapiecebreaks,itcanheal(愈合)itself.Thebacteriacanrepairsmallbreaksbyproducingmorecalciumcarbonate,justasskinhealsacut.Thisself-repairabilityhelpsbuildingslastlongerandrequirelessmaintenance.Theresearchteamisstillperfectingtheircreation.Theyaimtomakesurethematerialisstrongenoughforreal-worldapplicationsanddeterminethebestwaystoproduceitonalargescale.Therearealsoquestionsabouthowthebacteriawillbehaveovermanyyearsandindifferentclimates.Still,theearlyresultsareverypromising.Thislivingbuildingmaterialcouldofferawin-winsolution:helpingtobuildthecitiesoftomorrowwhilealsocleaninguptheairtoday.12.Whatisstressedinthefirstparagraph?A．Theproductionofconcrete.B．Theneedforgreenmaterials.C．Thecausesofclimatechange.D．Thewaysofemissionreduction.13.Whyisthenewbuildingmaterialspecial?A．Itconsistsofsolidminerals.B．IttrapsCO₂andabsorbsit.C．Itcontainsnutrient-freebacteria.D．ItemitszeroCO₂duringproduction.14.Whydoestheauthormention“skinhealsacut”inparagraph4?A．Toshowthesimilarfunction.B．Tostressdailymaintenance.C．Toexplainchemicalreactions.D．Todescribesuitableconditions.15.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A．Self-RepairingEco-FriendlyBacteriaB．PromisingActionforClimateChangeC．ALivingCO₂-TrappingBuildingMaterialD．AnEnergy-SavingAlternativeforBuilding七选五Thecouragetostartugly—tobeginbeforewefeelprepared—isthebirthplaceofrealpersonalgrowth.Wearetrainedtochaseperfection.Towaituntilwe.feel“ready.”

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Justembraceyouruglystart,andyouwilltransformyourlifegrowthjourney.It'sokaytofeeluncertain,overwhelmed,oreventerrifiedwhenyoudecidetostartfromaplacethatfeelsmessyorunpolished.

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Everyone,nomatterhowsuccessfuloraccomplished,hasstoodwhereyouarenow——ontheedgeoftheunknown,doubtingiftheirfirststepwillbegoodenough.Maybeyou'refeelingstuckorafraidtostartbecauseyoureffortsmightlookugly.Rememberthis:yourworthisnottiedtoperfection.Youdon'thavetowaitforthe“rightmoment”tobegin.

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Giveyourselfpermissiontobeimperfect,tostumble,tolearn,andtogrow.

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Saytoyourself,“Iamallowedtobeabeginner.Iamallowedtobeimperfect.Mygrowthisajourney,notarace.”Themindsetcansoftenthepressureandopenspaceforcreativityandprogress.Surroundyourselfwithpeoplewhocelebrateyourefforts,notjustyouroutcomes.Seekoutsupportivecommunityormentorswhounderstandthatstartinguglyispartoftheprocess.

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Youjustneedtotakeadeepbreathandtakeonesmallstep.Nomatterhowimperfect,thatstepisyourcommitmenttoyourowngrowth.Celebrateit.Youarealreadybraverthanyourealize.A．Youarenotaloneinthisexperience.B．Doubtstopsusfromtakingthefirststep.C．Ittakestimetogetreadyforyourfirstattempt.D．Actually,waitingforperfectioniswhatoftenholdsusback.E．Thevalueliesinthecourageyoushowbysimplybeginning.F．Shareyourstrugglesopenlyandithelpsbuildrealconnection.G．Whendoubtsetsin,acknowledgeitgentlyinsteadofbattlingit.二、完形填空IusedtothinkparentingmeantclearlystatingexpectationsandthenaconversationwithmysonBentaughtmeotherwise.Oneevening,IaskedBentotakethegarbageoutbuthesaidit'shisoldersisterAbby's21.______.Iraisedmyvoice,“Excuseme?You’lltakethegarbageoutbecauseIaskedyouto.”“NO!”Benshouted,quicklyreturningtohisroomand22.______totalkforhours.Initially,Iwasfrustrated.Whywashedeliberately23.______?ButonceIcalmeddownand24.______,Irealizedsomethingessential——hewasstandingupforhis25.______.Abbyhadgymnasticsmostevenings,leavingBentohandlegarbagedutymore26.______.WhileIbelievechildrenshouldlistentotheirparents,I27.______thatweshouldlistentothemcarefully,too.Thenexttime,Iapproachthesituation28.______:“Ben,You’reright—youhavetakenitoutmorethanyour29.______lately,andI30.______that.SinceAbbyisn'thome,itoftenfallstoyou.Istillneedyourhelptonight,butI'llmakesureAbby31.______itifshe'shome.”“OKMom,I'lldoit.”Itturnsoutthathis32.______wasnevertrulyaboutthechore(琐事)butabouthisintensebeliefin33.______.Asimpleparentingmomentbroughtanunexpectedlesson:giveyourchildpermissiontobe34.______andunderstandwhyherespondstheway.Themostpowerfulshiftsincommunicationhappennotwhenyouspeaklouder,butwhenyoulisten35.______.21.A．faultB．turnC．decisionD．intention22.A．managingB．waitingC．refusingD．expecting23.A．difficultB．helpfulC．carelessD．silent24.A．restedB．reflectedC．wanderedD．stretched25.A．pleasureB．prideC．imageD．truth26.A．efficientlyB．frequentlyC．slowlyD．regularly27.A．doubtedB．ignoredC．recognizedD．imagined28.A．differentlyB．anxiouslyC．coldlyD．routinely29.A．strengthB．needC．limitD．share30.A．appreciateB．recordC．allowD．remember31.A．talksaboutB．asksforC．thinkshighlyofD．takescareof32.A．generosityB．resistanceC．selfishnessD．preference33.A．honestyB．disciplineC．fairnessD．independence34.A．directedB．praisedC．heardD．protected35.A．earlierB．longerC．quickerD．deeper三、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Asspringisstartingtostir,YeLiqin,a38-year-oldco-founderofaguesthouseinSongyangcounty,Zhejiangprovince,beginsherannualpractice.Shekneads(揉)wildherbsintostickyricedough,36.______(prepare)traditionalQingmingcakes(Qingmingguo),whichhavebecomebotha37.______(season)offeringandagifttoherguests.DatingbacktoancienttimeswhenQingmingcakes38.______(use)asceremonialofferings,theyremain39.______essentialpartoftheregion'sfoodculture.ForYe,whoreturnedtoherhometownin2014tostartherbusiness,Qingmingcakesrepresentalinkfullof40.______(memory)toherchildhood.Asayounggirlwithnotoys,helpinghergrandmothermakethesecakeswasneverachore,butajoyfulactivity41.______bondedherwiththeoldergeneration.“OurhomemadeQingmingcakesretain(保留)therootsandfibersoftheplants,”shesaid,“theytrulycapturetheessenceofspring.”Andsherecalledhowthewildherbs,42.______(harvest)atexactlytherighttime,addedadistinctiveandnaturalflavor.ForYe,herfamily'spracticeofpreservingthecakescarriesan43.______(equal)profoundmeaning.Thissimplegreenbitecarriestheweightofgenerations.Itstands44.______aquietremindertoslowdown,totastethebeautyoftheseason,45.______tohonorthehandsthathavekeptculturalheritagealive.四、应用文写作46.假定你是李华。你的外教John为“DailyExercise,BetterMe”活动设计了三个图标。他向同学们征集意见。请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括：1.你最喜欢的图标；2.你的原因。注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右。2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearJohn,Thanksforsharingyouricondesignsfor“DailyExercise,BetterMe”.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua五、读后续写47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Sarahlivedinacrowdedneighbourhood.Greyseemedtobetheonlycolourthere.Therewerenoparksforchildren.Theairalwayssmelledbad.Fromherwindow,Sarahhadaconstantviewofanabandonedpieceofland.Thegroundwascoveredwitholdtyres(轮胎),brokenglass,andplasticbags.Peoplecalledit“thedeadyard”.Noonecaredaboutit.Itseemedimpossibleforanythingbeautifultogrowinsuchadarkplace.Therewasnowheretogo,andnosafeplaceforchildrentoplay.Peoplejuststayedinsidetheirsmallapartmentsallday.Exceptforaquick“hello”,theneighboursrarelytalkedorvisitedeachother.Theylivedsoclose,buttheyweresofarapart.OnerainySaturday,Sarahreadanarticleabout“TinyForests”.Thearticletaughtpeoplehowtomakearealforestinasmallcityyard.Itsaidifyouplantedmanynativetreesveryclosetogether,theirrootswouldhelpeachother.Theygrewtentimesfasterthannormalforests.Thesetinyforestscouldcoolthebusystreets,reducenoise,andbringbackbirdsandbutterflies.Thearticleevengaveastep-by-stepguidetogetpermissionfromthecitygovernment.Sarahlookedatthecolourfulphotosofgreenleavesinthearticle.Thenshelookeddownat“thedeadyard”.Thecontrastwassharpandpainful.Shehadabold(大胆的)idea.Shedecidedtoturnthisforgottencornerintoasharedgardenforthecommunity.Thejourneywasfarfromeasy.Aftermonthsofeffort,Sarahfinallyreceivedpermission.Sarahwasveryexcited.Butwhenshewalkedintothedeadyard,hersmilestopped.Shelookedattheheavytyres,thedirtymetal,andthebigmountainofrubbish.Sherealisedthatshecouldneverfinishthishardworkalone.Sheturnedtoaskherneighborsforhelp.Unfortunately,fewwerewillingtojoin.Mostlookedondoubtfully.Someeventriedtodiscourageher.“Don'twasteyourtime,”oneneighboursaidcoldly.“Thisisthedeadyard.Nothingcangrowwellhere.”注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右。2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Ignoringtheirdoubts,Sarahstartedtoworkonherown._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________