Unit 5 Understanding ideas 课件-2022-2023学年高二英语外研版2019选择性必修第一册

seeddistantanswerthecalldisgracebeadisgracegeologistsampleevolvefinchbeaksuspectancestorn.种子adj.

遥远的响应号召n.丢脸，耻辱是耻辱，是丢脸的事n.

地质学家n.

样本v.进化n.雀科鸣禽n.鸟嘴，喙v.

猜想；怀疑；觉得n.

(动物的)原种，祖先evolutionencounterdateback

to

profitdespitepredictofalltimeinquestioncometoexistevidencen.

进化（论）v.遭遇，偶遇追溯到，起源于v.获益；n.利益，好处prep.尽管，即使v.预测有史以来讨论中的，考虑中的存在，生存n.证据theoryexplainpublishrefuseincludingconvincingavailable

n.理论v.解释v.出版，发行v.拒绝prep.

包含，包括adj.

令人信服的adj.可用的，有空的Wheredoeshumanscomefrom?evolutionAnevolutionarytreeThespeciesdon'talwaysstaythesame.Instead,theyevolvefrom_____levelto______levellowerhigherGeologistBiologistNaturalistOntheOriginofSpecies

《物种起源》beganwithAJourneyofDiscovery

TheBeagleTheBeagleItmaybea/an_________journey.?Ⅰ.Readthetextcarefullyandchoosethebestanswer.1.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph1?A．Theyoungman'sfatherwasgoodatpredictingsomething.B．Thecaptainlikedtheyoungmanverymuch.C．Theyoungmanwasn'tthebestmanthatthecaptainwanted.D．Thecaptainreceivedaletterfromtheyoungman'sfather.√2．WhatdroveDarwintolookformoreevidence?A．Theideathatanimalsevolvedwhenadjustingtothechangingenvironments.B．TheideathatallspeciesappearedonEarthatthesametime.C．NewspecieshefoundontheGalápagosIslands.D．Thefindingthatmostspeciesofanimalslookedalike.√3．WhydidDarwin'sbookcauseastormwhenitwaspublished?A．Becausemanypeoplerefusedtobelievehistheory.B．Becausemanypeopleagreedwithhisideas.C．BecauseDarwin'sscientificstudieswereconvincing.D．Becausemoreandmorepeoplebelievedhistheory.√4．Accordingtothepassage，whichofthefollowingwordscanNOTbeusedtodescribeCharlesDarwin?A．Brave.

B．Diligent.C．Dedicated. D．Modest.√Lookbackonthetitleagain,andtalkaboutyourunderstandingofthetitle?AJourneyofDiscoveryprocess/developmentanactoftravellingfromoneplacetoanotherplaceThinkandshareWhatothergoodqualitiescanwelearnfromDarwin?

Giveyourreason.Usefulexpression:1.ThereasonwhyIthinkDarwinisa…manisthat…2.IthinkDarwinisa...man,because…ThereasonwhyIthinkDarwinisseriousandcautiousisthathedidalotofresearchandfoundmoreevidencetomakehisideaconvincing.ThinkandshareImadeanyachievementinscience，isduetolong-termthinking，patienceandhardwork。我在科学方面所做出的任何成绩，都只是由于长期思索，忍耐和勤奋而获得的。

---CharlesRobertDarwinThecaptainoftheship,the

Beagle,wantedsomeonewhowould“profitbytheopportunityofvisitingdistantcountriesyetlittleknown”.Thepersonwhoansweredthecallwasnotthecaptain’sfirstchoice.Itwasayoungmanwhohadleftmedicalschoolwithoutcompletinghisdegree.What’smore,hehadrecentlyreceivedaletterfromhisfatherpredictingthathewouldbe“adisgracetoyourselfandallyourfamily”.Despiteallthis,hisadventuresonthisshipwouldleadtooneofthemostimportantscientificdiscoveriesofalltime.Para

1：Labels

on

a

young

manincaptain’seyesin

common

people’s

eyesin

his

families’

eyesHewasnotthecaptain’sfirstchoice.

Hewasadisgracetohimselfandallhisfamily.Hewasayoungmanwhohadleftmedicalschoolwithoutcompletinghisdegree.Theyoungmaninquestion,CharlesDarwin,wasageologistandnaturalist,fascinatedbyrocks,plantsandanimals.HeleftEnglandontheship,the

Beagle,in1831.Thejourneygavehimthechancetostudyvariouslivingthingsintheirnaturalenvironments.AfterDarwinhadspentsometimeinSouthAmerica,hisroomontheshipwascrowdedwithsamplesoftheplantsandanimalshehadcollected.Ashestudiedthese,heaskedhimselfthequestion:howdiddifferentspeciescometoexist?Para

2：StartajourneywhowhatcollectingsamplesaskinghimselfaquestionCharlesDarwinwasageologistandnaturalist,fascinatedbyrocks,plantsandanimals.Howdiddifferentspeciescometoexist?CharlesDarwinwasageologistandnaturalist,fascinatedbyrocks,plantsandanimals.Para

3：Generate

newideasold

ideasnewideaswhathowtoproveAllspecieshadappearedonEarthatthesametime,andhadnotchangedsince.Animalsevolvedastheyadaptedtotheirchangingenvironments.To

look

for

more

evidence.Atthattime,peoplebelievedthatallspecieshadappearedonEarthatthesametime,andhadnotchangedsince.ButDarwinbegantothinkdifferently.Henoticedthatsomespeciesofanimalswereverysimilartoeachother.Maybeanimalsevolvedastheyadaptedtotheirchangingenvironments?Itwasjustanidea,butenoughtoinspireDarwintolookformoreevidence.Para

4-5Develop

the

ideashowanswerofthatquestionDarwinnoticedfinches’beakshadevolvedaccordingtowhatfoodwasavailableonthatparticularisland.Newspeciesofplantsandanimalsevolvedfromearlierancestors.Whenthe

Beagle

reachedtheGalápagosIslandsin1835,Darwinsawavarietyofnewspecies,but

itwasthebirdsthatinterestedhimthemost.Darwinnoticedthattherewasadifferencebetweenthefinchesoneachoftheislands.Itseemedtheirbeakshadevolvedaccordingtowhatfoodwasavailableonthatparticularisland.Darwinsuspectedthatthefincheshadevolvedfromacommonancestor,whichhadarrivedontheislandsalongtimebefore.Overtime,ithadslowlyevolvedintomanynewspecies.Andthatwastheanswertohownewspeciesofplantsandanimalscametoexist:theyevolvedfromearlierancestors.A_________ancestor__________intodifferentspeciescommonevolveItwasacompletelynewidea—atheoryofevolution.Darwinexplainedthistheoryinhisbook,

OntheOriginofSpecies.Itwasnotpublisheduntil1859andimmediatelycausedastorm.Manypeoplerefusedtobelievethatlivingthings,includinghumans,hadevolvedfromlowerformsoflife.Theywereshocked.ButDarwin’sscientificstudiesweresoconvincingthatmoreandmorepeoplestartedtobelievehistheory.Today,

OntheOriginofSpecies

isregardedasoneofthemostimportantworkseverwritten.IthaschangedideasaboutlifeonEarthforever.AnditallbeganwiththejourneyontheBeagle.Para

6-7Proposeatheorywhathowpeople'sreactionInfluenceAtheoryofevolution.Darwinexplainedthistheoryinhisbook,OntheOriginofSpecies.OntheOriginofSpeciesisregardedasoneofthemostimportantworkseverwritten.IthaschangedideasaboutlifeonEarthforever.Manypeoplerefusedtobelieve.Theywereshocked.Later,moreandmorepeoplestartedtobelievehistheory.Thecaptainoftheship,the

Beagle,wantedsomeonewhowould“profitbytheopportunityofvisitingdistantcountriesyetlittleknown”.Thepersonwhoansweredthecallwasnotthecaptain’sfirstchoice.Itwasayoungmanwhohadleftmedicalschoolwithoutcompletinghisdegree.What’smore,hehadrecentlyreceivedaletterfromhisfatherpredictingthathewouldbe“adisgracetoyourselfandallyourfamily”.Despiteallthis,hisadventuresonthisshipwouldleadtooneofthemostimportantscientificdiscoveriesofalltime.

“猎犬号”的船长希望找到一个“会因为这个可以游历鲜为人知的遥远国度的机会而受益”的人。响应号召的这个人并非船长的首选。这是一个没有拿到学位，从医学院辍学的年轻人。而且，他最近收到了一封他父亲的来信，信中预言他将成为“自己和全家人的耻辱”。即便如此，他在这艘船上的冒险经历将促成有史以来最重要的科学发现之一。Theyoungmaninquestion,CharlesDarwin,wasageologistandnaturalist,fascinatedbyrocks,plantsandanimals.HeleftEnglandontheship,the

Beagle,in1831.Thejourneygavehimthechancetostudyvariouslivingthingsintheirnaturalenvironments.AfterDarwinhadspentsometimeinSouthAmerica,hisroomontheshipwascrowdedwithsamplesoftheplantsandanimalshehadcollected.Ashestudiedthese,heaskedhimselfthequestion:howdiddifferentspeciescometoexist?我们提到的这个年轻人——查尔斯·达尔文——是一位地质学家和博物学家，他对岩石、植物和动物着迷。1831年，他乘坐“猎犬号”离开英国。这次旅行让他有机会研究自然环境中的各种生物。达尔文在南美洲度过一段时间以后，他船上的房间里满是他收集的动植物样本。当他研究这些时，他问了自己一个问题：不同物种是如何产生的？Atthattime,peoplebelievedthatallspecieshadappearedonEarthatthesametime,andhadnotchangedsince.ButDarwinbegantothinkdifferently.Henoticedthatsomespeciesofanimalswereverysimilartoeachother.Maybeanimalsevolvedastheyadaptedtotheirchangingenvironments?Itwasjustanidea,butenoughtoinspireDarwintolookformoreevidence.那时，人们认为地球上的所有物种都是同时出现的，并且从此再无变化。但达尔文开始有了不同的想法。他注意到，一些动物种类彼此间十分相似。也许动物在适应环境变化时进化了？这虽然只是一个想法，但足以激励达尔文去寻找更多的证据。Whenthe

Beagle

reachedtheGalápagosIslandsin1835,Darwinsawavarietyofnewspecies,but

itwasthebirdsthatinterestedhimthemost.Darwinnoticedthattherewasadifferencebetweenthefinchesoneachoftheislands.Itseemedtheirbeakshadevolvedaccordingtowhatfoodwasavailableonthatparticularisland.Darwinsuspectedthatthefincheshadevolvedfromacommonancestor,whichhadarrivedontheislandsalongtimebefore.Overtime,ithadslowlyevolvedintomanynewspecies.Andthatwastheanswertohownewspeciesofplantsandanimalscametoexist:theyevolvedfromearlierancestors.1835年，当“猎犬号”抵达加拉帕戈斯群岛时，达尔文看到了各种各样的新物种，但最令他感兴趣的是鸟类。达尔文注意到，每个岛屿上，雀类都有所不同。它们的喙似乎是根据所在岛屿上可觅得的食物类型进化而来的。

达尔文猜想这些雀鸟是从一个共同的祖先进化而来的，而该祖先很久以前就来到这片群岛了。随着时间的推移，它慢慢进化成了许多新物种。这就是动植物的新物种如何产生的答案：它们从更早期的祖先进化而来。WhentheBeagle...in1835为when引导的___________从句；主句是but引导的并列句，其中第二个分句中itwasthebirdsthatinterestedhimthemost为____________。

[翻译]

1835年，当“猎犬号”抵达加拉帕戈斯群岛时，达尔文看到了各种各样的新物种，但最令他感兴趣的是鸟类。时间状语强调句型2．Darwinsuspectedthatthefincheshadevolvedfromacommonancestor,whichhadarrivedontheislandsalongtimebefore.句子的主干为Darwinsuspected，thatthefinches...ancestor为that引导的______从句，whichhadarrived...before为____________从句，修饰先行词ancestor。

[翻译]

达尔文猜想这些雀鸟是从一个共同的祖先进化而来的，而该祖先很久以前就来到这片群岛了。宾语非限制性定语Itwasacompletelynewidea—atheoryofevolution.Darwinexplainedthistheoryinhisbook,

OntheOriginofSpecies.Itwasnotpublisheduntil1859andimmediatelycausedastorm.Manypeoplerefusedtobelievethatlivingthings,includinghumans,hadevolvedfromlowerformsoflife.Theywereshocked.ButDarwin’sscientificstudiesweresoconvincingthatmoreandmorepeoplestartedtobelievehistheory.Today,

OntheOriginofSpecies

isregardedasoneofthemostimportantworkseverwritten.IthaschangedideasaboutlifeonEarthforever.AnditallbeganwiththejourneyontheBeagle.

这是一个全新的理念——进化论。达尔文在他的《物种起源》一书中解释了该理论。这本书直到1859年才出版，并立即引起了轰动。许多人拒绝相信包括人在内的所有生命都是从更低级的生命形式进化而来的。他们感到震惊。但是达尔文的科学研究是如此具有说服力，以至于越来越多的人开始相信他的理论。

如今，《物种起源》被认为是有史以来最为重要的著作之一。它彻底改变了人们对于地球上生命的看法。而这一切都始于“猎犬号”的探索之旅。1.befirst____________________被首次邂逅2.____________________追溯到3.____________________访问遥远的国度4.____________________响应号召5.firstchoice____________________6.what'smore____________________encountereddatebacktovisitdistantcountriesanswerthecall首选而且；更重要的是；另外7.____________________对某人来说是耻辱8.

ofalltime____________________9.

inquestion____________________10.

becrowded____________samples堆满样本11.____________________开始存在12.

appearonEarth____________________beadisgracetosb.有史以来正被谈论的，讨论中的withcometoexist出现在地球上13.

adapt____________________适应14.____________________激励某人做某事15.

suspectthat...__________________suspectsb.________________(doing)sth.怀疑某人（做）某事16.

evolvefromacommon______________由共同的祖先进化而来17.alongtimebefore__________________18.overtime__________________toinspiresb.todosth.怀疑ofancestor很久以前

随着时间的推移Ⅰ.核心词汇·练通根据课文语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词1．Howcan______travel？

种子是如何传播的？2．____________oftheplantsandanimals植物和动物的样本3．evolvefromearlier____________

从早期祖先进化而来seedssamplesancestorsⅡ.拓展词汇·用活根据提示写出相应的单词1．____________

adj.遥远的；远处的→distancen．距离；远处2．___________

n．丢脸，耻辱

v．丢脸→disgracefuladj.可耻的；不光彩的→gracen．优雅；高雅distantdisgrace3．_________

v．进化→evolutionn．进化(论)4．____________

v．猜想，怀疑，觉得→suspiciousadj.可疑的→suspicionn．怀疑，嫌疑5．____________

v．产生，创造→generationn．产生；代；一代人→generatorn．发电机；生产者evolvesuspectgenerateⅢ.重点短语·再现根据课文语境及汉语提示填入合适的短语1．Thepersonwho__________________(响应号召)wasnotthecaptain'sfirstchoice.2．Hehadrecentlyreceivedaletterfromhisfatherpredictingthathewouldbe“____________(耻辱、丢脸的事)toyourselfandallyourfamily”．answered

the

calla

disgrace3．Theyoungman____________(讨论中的),CharlesDarwin,wasageologistandnaturalist.4．Hisroomontheship__________________(被……塞满；挤满)samplesoftheplantsandanimalshehadcollected.5．Maybeanimalsevolvedasthey____________(适应)theirchangingenvironments?in

questionwas

crowded

withadapted

to6．WhentheBeaglereachedtheGalápagosIslandsin1835,Darwinsaw____________(各种各样的)newspecies.7．____________(随着时间的推移),ithadslowlyevolvedintomanynewspecies.8．Anditall____________(开始于)thejourneyontheBeagle.a

variety

ofOver

timebegan

withⅣ.重点句型·呈现根据课文语境及汉语提示补全句子1．强调句型WhentheBeaglereachedtheGalápagosIslandsin1835，Darwinsawavarietyofnewspecies，but_______________________________________(最让他感兴趣的是鸟类)．it

was

the

birds

that

interested

himthemost2．“Itseems(that)...”意为“好像……”____________________________________(好像它们的喙已经进化了)accordingtowhatfoodwasavailableonthatparticularisland.3．