Unit 5 Understanding ideas 课件 -2022-2023学年高中英语外研版2019选择性必修第一册

UnderstandingideasAJourneyofDiscoveryUnit5Revealingnature1.Usepredicting,skimmingfordetailandscanningforspecificinformationtocomprehendthereadingmaterials.2.Usedifferentmethodstosearchrelatedinformationandcomparethem.3.Concludethereadingmaterial.Process(success)objectivesProduct(success)objectives1.Obtaintheinformationbyusingreadingskills.2.Thinkandanalyzethereadingmaterialthroughstudyingthestyleandwritingskills.3.Developtheawarenessofscientificexploring.Whatdoyouknowaboutthemanandshareyourknowledgewiththeclass.CharlesRobertDarwin(1809-1882)wasanEnglishgeologistandnaturalist.InhisfamousbookOntheOriginofSpecies,Darwinproposedthetheorythatorganisms(individuallifeforms)evolveextremelyslowly.Hestatedthattheorganismsthatwerebettersuitedtotheirenvironmentswouldsurviveandpassontheirfavourablecharacteristicstothenextgeneration,whilethelesssuitableorganismswouldgraduallydieout.Hecalledthisprocess“naturalselection”.1.thelossofotherpeople'srespectandapprovalbecauseofthebadwaysb.hasbehaved2.asmallpartofsomethingintendedasrepresentativeofthewhole3.thehardpointedpartofabird'smouth4.ascientistwhostudiesgeologydisgracesamplebeakgeologistMatchthewordsintheboxwiththedefinitions.answerthecall

disgracesample

finch

beak

geologistsuspect

generate

decline

5.respondthecall6.smallbirdwithashortbeak7.toproduceorcreatesth.8.acontinuousdecreaseinthenumber,value,quality,etc.ofsth.9.tothinkorbelievesomethingtobetrueorprobablefinchgeneratedeclinesuspectanswerthecallanswerthecall

disgracesample

finch

beak

geologistsuspect

generate

decline

Observethepictureandthinkaboutthequestions:1.Whatisthenameofthetree?2.Whatisevolution?3.Canyoutellusthedirectionofevolution?1.Whatspeciesdoyourecognizeinthepicture?2.Whatfactorscancausetheprocessofevolution?Paramecium,earthworm,snail,crab,fish,tortoise,bird,horse,human,frog,algae,moss,fern…Lookattheevolutionarytreeandanswerthequestions.Theever-changingenvironmentofnature;environmentalchanges;populationimmigration;geneticmutation;culturalpreference…Predictthemainideaofthetextaccordingtothepictureandthetitle.AJourneyofDiscovery

ThepassageismainlyabouthowDarwin’sTheoryofEvolutiongeneratedanddevelopedonhisjourney.Readthepassagequicklyandtalkaboutyourunderstandingofthetitle.AJourneyofDiscoveryDarwin'sinterestinvariouslivingthingsmadehimagreatnaturalist.Darwin'sjourneyontheBeagleinspiredhisTheoryofEvolution.Darwinwentonajourneytoconfirmhistheorythathumanshadevolvedovertime.Choosethemainideaofthepassageandgiveyourreasons.Decidewhattypeofessayitis?Itisanarrativeessay.Anarrativeessayisastorywithabeginning,middle,andend.Adescriptiveessaydescribesasubjectandlistsinterestingdetails.Anexpositoryessayisfactual,givinginformationonasubject.Anargumentativeessayaimstoconvincethereader.Therearefourmajortypesofessay:narrative,descriptive,expository,andargumentative.Whatarethefourmajortypesofessaydoyouknow?Anarrativeessaytellsastoryorgivesanaccountofsomethingthathashappened.Thepurposeistoretellastorybasedonpersonalexperienceorthewriter’simagination.Allstorieshavethesameessentialingredients:aseriesofeventswhichareorganizedinanorderandtoldbyanarrator.Elements:what,where,who,why,when,hownarrativeessayPointofview:firstperson(moregraphicandlifelike)thirdperson(objective)Order:chronologicalordertimeorderTense:pasttense(storieshappenedinthepast)Canyoufindoutwhatkindofnarrativeordertheauthorusedto?Timeorder.Matchthemainideawithitscorrespondingparagraph.Paragraph1A.DifferentfinchesoneachoftheislandsinspiredDarwintonoticehowtheirbeakshadevolved.Paragraph2B.

Darwin'sideasweredifferentfromotherpeople'sbeliefsonspeciesevolution.Paragraph3C.AsDarwinstudiedplantsandanimalsinSouthAmerica,hewonderedhowdifferentspeciescametoexist.Paragraph4D.Darwinmadeaconclusion:newspeciesofplantsandanimalsevolvedfromearlierancestors.Paragraph5E.Darwin's

OntheOriginofSpecies

waspublishedbutcausedastorm.Paragraph6F.

OntheOriginofSpecies

haschangedideasaboutlifeonEarthforever.Paragraph7G.Darwinansweredthecalltovisitdistantcountriesyetlittleknown.GCBADEFRead

for

detailed

information.Para

1：Labels

on

a

young

manIncaptain’seyesIn

common

people’s

eyesIn

his

families’

eyesHewasnotthecaptain’sfirstchoice.

Hewasadisgracetohimselfandallhisfamily.Hewasayoungmanwhohadleftmedicalschoolwithoutcompletinghisdegree.Writing

purpose:

Setthesuspense

to

attract

reader’s

interestsPara

02：Startajourneywhowhatcollecting

samplesasking

himselfaquestionCharlesDarwinwasageologistandnaturalist,fascinatedbyrocks,plantsandanimals.Howdiddifferentspeciescometoexist?Para

03：Generate

newideasold

ideasnewideaswhatHowtoproveAllspecieshadappearedonEarthatthesametime,andhadnotchangedsinceAnimalsevolvedastheyadaptedtotheirchangingenvironmentsTo

look

for

more

evidencePara

04-05Develop

the

ideasHowanswerofthatquestionDarwinnoticedfinches’beakshadevolvedaccordingtowhatfoodwasavailableonthatparticularisland.Newspeciesofplantsandanimalsevolvedfromearlierancestors.Para

06-07ProposeatheorywhatHowPeople'sreactionInfluenceAtheoryofevolution.Darwinexplainedthistheoryinhisbook,OntheOriginofSpecies.OntheOriginofSpeciesisregardedasoneofthemostimportantworkseverwritten.IthaschangedideasaboutlifeonEarthforever.Manypeoplerefusedtobelieve.Theywereshocked.Later,moreandmorepeoplestartedtobelievehistheory.askedhimselfaquestion(generated

an

idea)answered

the

question(developed

an

idea)published

the

book

(proposed

a

theory)

started

his

journeyFillintheblanksinthechart.lifeonEarthstorm

ancestorssamples

existchanged

BeagledegreetimeorderDecidewhetherthefollowingstatementsareTrue(T),False(F)orNotGiven(NG).1.Darwinwasthefirstpersonwhomthecaptainofthe

Beagle

wanted.(

)2.Darwindidn'tgetalongwellwithhisfatherbecausehedidn'tcompletehisdegree.

(

)3.Darwin'sroomontheshipwascrowdedonlywiththeplantshehadcollected.

(

)4.Darwinthoughtanimalsevolvedastheyadaptedtotheirchangingenvironments.

(

)F

NG

F

T

5.Therewasadifferencebetweenthefinchesoneachoftheislandsbecausetheirbeakshadevolvedaccordingtowhatfoodwasavailableonthatparticularisland.(

)6.MostpeoplebelievedDarwin'stheoryassoonashisbookwaspublished.(

)T

F

Numberthepuzzlepiecesinorder.Organiseinformationfromthepassageandcompletethem.12345Darwinstudied_____________________________________________________________________________________________________.Henoticedthatsomespeciesofanimalswere_________________________.

ONHISJOURNEY1variouslivingthingsintheirnaturalenvironmentsandsamplesoftheplantsandanimalshehadcollected

verysimilartoeachotherGENERATEIDEAS2Darwinaskedthequestions:Howdiddifferentspecies_____________?________________________________________________________________________________cometoexistMaybeanimalsevolvedastheyadaptedtotheirchangingenvironments?LOOKFORMOREEVIDENCE3DEVELOPIDEAS4OntheGalapagosIsland:Henoticed____________________________________________________________________________.Itseemedthebeaks______________________________________________________________________________.

thattherewasadifferencebetweenthefinchesoneachoftheislandshadevolvedaccordingtowhatfoodwasavailableonthatparticularislandDarwinsuspectedthatthefinches______________________________________________________________________________________andithad_______________________________________.

hadevolvedfromacommonancestor,whichhadarrivedontheislandsalongtimebeforeslowlyevolvedintomanynewspeciesPROPOSEATHEROY5ThetheoryofEvolution:livingthings,includinghumans,_____________________________________________________.hadevolvedfromlowerformsoflifeRetellthetextaccordingtothedevelopmentofthejourney.Youcanaddmoreinformationfromthepassageifnecessary.Whyweremanypeople“shocked”byDarwin'stheory?WhatkindofpersonwasDarwinaccordingtothepassage?Howdoyouthinkthehumanspecieswillevolveinthefuture?Whathaveyoulearntaboutthespiritofscientificexporation?Howcanthisspirithelpyouinyourlifeandstudies?NowdiscusswhyDarwindidnotpublishthisTheoryofEvolutionuntil1859,abouttwentyyearsafterhisdiscovery.Dofurtherresearchifnecessary.Whyweremanypeople“shocked”byDarwin'stheory?WhatkindofpersonwasDarwinaccordingtothepassage?Atthattime,peoplebelievedthatallspecieshadappearedonEarthatthesametimeandhadnotchangedsince,butDarwin’stheoryproposedthatlivingthins,includinghumans,hadevolvedfromlowerformsoflife,which,asaresult,shockedmanypeople.Darwinwasadeterminedman.Hehadstrongcuriosityandinterestinscienceandwasgoodatthinkingandmakingdiscoveries.Yourownanswers.3.Howdoyouthinkthehumanspecieswillevolveinthefuture?4.Whathaveyoulearntaboutthespiritofscientificexporation?Howcanthisspirithelpyouinyourlifeandstudies?WhatkindofpersonwasDarwin?Darwinwasadeterminedman.Hehadstrongcuriosityandinterestinscienceandwasgoodatthinkingandmakingdiscoveries.ThesegoodqualitieshelpedDarwinmakesuchalongjourneyfrom1831to1859topursuehisscientificexplorationandfinallypublishedthegreatbook,OntheOriginofSpecies.Belowisasummaryofthetextwithsomecontentmissing.Choos