备考2027中考英语一轮复习之七八年级核心考点精讲精练·专题二 代词：指代关系与不定代词（含解析）

七八年级核心考点精讲精练专题二代词：指代关系与不定代词【涉及教材单元】七上Unit2Morethanfun：人称代词主格与宾格七上Unit3Familyties：形容词性物主代词与名词性物主代词七下Unit2Goforit!：不定代词（some/any及其复合词）八上Unit2Gettingalong：反身代词八上Unit3Makeithappen!：不定代词（both/neither/none/either）八下Unit4Helpingout：指示代词（that/those替代上文名词）八下Unit6Livingwithnature：不定代词（few/afew/little/alittle）【考点精讲】考点一人称代词与物主代词一、人称代词主格、宾格形式&用法主格：句中作主语；宾格：作动词/介词的宾语。人称单数主格单数宾格复数主格复数宾格第一人称Imeweus第二人称youyouyouyou第三人称he/she/ithim/her/ittheythem例句：Sheisagoodstudent.（主语，主格）Pleasehelpme.（动词宾语，宾格）Ioftenplaywiththem.（介词宾语，宾格）并列人称排序规则单数（普通陈述）：二→三→一you,heandI复数：一→二→三we,youandthey认错/表谦逊：第一人称放最前二、形容词性物主代词&名词性物主代词类别第一人称第二人称第三人称形容词性物主代词（后必须加名词）my/ouryour/yourhis/her/its/their名词性物主代词（单独使用，=形物代+名词）mine/oursyours/yourshis/hers/its/theirs例句：Thisismybook.（my修饰名词book）Thisbookismine.（mine=mybook，后无名词）区分口诀：有名则形，无名则名。考点二反身代词（某人自己）一、构成规则一、二人称：形物代词+self/selves

myself、ourselves、yourself、yourselves第三人称：人称宾格+self/selves

himself、herself、itself、themselves人称单数复数第一人称myselfourselves第二人称yourselfyourselves第三人称himself/herself/itselfthemselves二、高频固定搭配enjoyoneself玩得开心byoneself独自，单独teachoneself=learnbyoneself自学helponeselfto自取（食物/饮品）saytooneself自言自语，心里暗想cometooneself苏醒loseoneselfin沉浸于；迷路dressoneself自己穿衣补充：反身代词不能单独作主语，可作主语同位语表强调

Themanagerhimselfattendedthemeeting.经理本人出席了会议。考点三不定代词分类与用法一、some/any及复合不定代词some：肯定句；表请求/建议的疑问句（期待肯定回答）

any：否定句、普通疑问句、条件句例句：Ihavesomeapples.（肯定句）Idon’thaveanyapples.（否定句）Wouldyoulikesometea?（委婉请求）Doyouhaveanyquestions?（普通疑问）复合不定代词表词根指人one指人body指物thingsome-someone某人somebody某人something某物any-anyone任何人anybody任何人anything任何事no-noone没人nobody没人nothing没有东西every-everyone每人everybody每人everything一切重要规则复合不定代词作主语，谓语动词用单数；形容词修饰不定代词必须后置：somethinginteresting；everyone只指人，不可接of；everyone可指人/物，后可加of。二、few/afew/little/alittle数量辨析词汇修饰对象含义感情色彩few可数名词复数几乎没有否定afew可数名词复数有几个肯定little不可数名词几乎没有否定alittle不可数名词一点肯定例句：Ihavefewfriendshere.我在这儿几乎没朋友。Ihaveafewfriendshere.我在这儿有几个朋友。Thereislittlewaterinthebottle.瓶子几乎没水。Thereisalittlewaterinthebottle.瓶子还有一点水。三、范围代词：each/every/both/all/neither/none/either代词指代范围含义谓语单复数each两个及以上每一个（强调个体）单数every三个及以上每一个（强调整体）单数both两者两者都复数all三者及以上全都复数neither两者两者都不单数none三者及以上全都不单复数均可either两者任意一个单数配套连词：neither…nor…/either…or…谓语遵循就近原则四、one/another/theother/others/theothers指代辨析代词用法one泛指同类中的一个another三者及以上中的另一个（无特指）theother两者中的另一个（特指）others泛指其余一些，不包含全部theothers特指剩余全部人/物固定搭配句型：one…theother…两者：一个……另一个……one…another…多者：一个……另一个……some…others…一些……另一些（泛指）some…theothers…一些……剩下全部（特指）例句：Ihavetwobrothers.Oneisadoctor,theotherisateacher.Idon’tlikethispen.Showmeanother.Somestudentsread,otherswrite.Twentystudentsinclass.Someboys,theothersgirls.考点四指示代词&疑问代词一、指示代词this/that/these/those代词远近单复数this近指单数these近指复数that远指单数those远指复数特殊用法：比较句中that替代不可数名词，those替代可数复数，避免重复TheweatherinBeijingiscolderthanthatinShanghai.Applesherearebiggerthanthoseinthatbasket.二、疑问代词代词提问对象who人（主/宾通用，口语替代whom）whom人（仅作宾语，正式书面）whose所属关系，“谁的”which限定范围内选择what无范围，询问事物/职业区分which&what：

Whichcolourdoyoulike,redorblue?（有选择范围）

Whatcolourdoyoulike?（无范围）【高频失分点】形物代、名物代混淆

错：Thisbookismy./Thisisminebook.

正：Thisbookismine./Thisismybook.

技巧：名词在前用形物代，无名词用名物代。few/little修饰名词混淆

错：IknowlittleEnglishwords.

正：IknowfewEnglishwords.

解析：words是可数复数，否定含义用few。范围代词neither/none/both/all混用

neither/either仅用于两者；none/all用于三者及以上

错：Neitherofthethreestudentsisright.

正：Noneofthethreestudentsisright.theother/another/others搭配错误

两者之间只能用one…theother，不能用another形容词修饰复合不定代词前置

错：Ihaveimportantsomething.

正：Ihavesomethingimportant.everyone后接of

错：Everyoneofusstudieshard.

正：Everyoneofusstudieshard.【九年级衔接预览】Unit1Teenagerstoday：大量不定代词语境指代；Unit4Heroes：反身代词表强调、关系代词辨析；复习重点：人称代词主宾格、形物代名物代转换、复合不定代词后置定语、everyone与everyone区分。三级过关精练过关一・基础达标一、用所给代词正确形式填空Thisisnot________(I)book.________(I)isinmybag.Sheenjoyed________(she)atthepartylastnight.Thelittleboyistooyoungtolookafter________(he).________(we)classroomisbiggerthan________(they).Ican’tfindmypen.CanIuse________(you)?Theteacherasked________(we)tofinishthehomeworkontime.Thecatiswashing________(it)face.Theyboughtthehouseby________(they).________(she)motherisafamousdoctor.Pleasegivethebookto________(he).二、单项选择—Whosebikeisthis?

—It’s________.________bikeisnew.

A.her;She B.hers;Her C.hers;She D.her;HersThestudentsenjoyed________attheschooltrip.

A.they B.them C.themselves D.theirIhavetwoapples.Oneisred,and________isgreen.

A.other B.theother C.another D.othersThereis________intheroom.It’sempty.

A.somebody B.anybody C.everybody D.nobody—Wouldyoulike________tea?

—Yes,please.

A.some B.any C.no D.manyIhave________friendshere,soIoftenfeellonely.

A.few B.afew C.little D.alittle________ofthetwostudentsisfromEngland.

A.Both B.All C.Neither D.NoneThisisnotmydictionary.It’s________.

A.mysister B.mysister’s C.ofmysister D.sisters________isimportantforustolearnEnglishwell.

A.That B.This C.It D.WhatTheweatherinGuangzhouiswarmerthan________inBeijing.

A.that B.it C.this D.one过关二・能力提升三、用所给代词正确形式填空Thisroomis________(they).________(we)isnexttoit.Sheisoldenoughtodress________(she)now.Thebookisveryinteresting.Ireallyenjoy________(it).Pleasehelp________(you)tosomefruit,children.Thetwoboysarein________(they)classroom.四、单项选择—Isthere________intoday’snewspaper?

—No,there’s________.

A.somethingnew;nothingnew B.newsomething;newnothing

C.anythingnew;nothingnew D.newanything;newnothingThepopulationofChinaislargerthan________ofIndia.

A.one B.it C.that D.thisMyparentsarebothteachers.________ofthemworkinthesameschool.

A.Both B.All C.Either D.Neither—WhichofthetwoT-shirtswillyoutake?

—I’lltake________.Oneisformybrotherandtheotherisformycousin.

A.neither B.all C.either D.bothThelittlegirlcandoherhomework________.

A.byherself B.byher C.withherself D.forherselfWeshouldnotask________todowhatwecan’tdo.

A.another B.theother C.others D.theothers—________isyourfather?

—Heisateacher.

A.Who B.What C.Which D.WhoseThestoryitselfisveryinteresting,but________ofmyclassmateslikesit.

A.neither B.all C.both D.noneIhavetwobrothers.________ofthemlikesplayingfootball.

A.Neither B.None C.Both D.All—Isthisyourmobilephone?

—Yes,it’s________.

A.my B.mine C.me D.I过关三・综合突破五、短文代词填空词库：I/it/myself/my/we/us/our/they/them/themselvesLastsummer,________36wenttoasummercampwithmyclassmates.Thecampwasinthemountains,and________37wasreallybeautifulthere.Westayedinasmallwoodenhouse.Thehousewasnotbig,but________38wascleanandcomfortable.Onthefirstday,________39teachertoldustointroduce________40.Isaid,“Helloeveryone,________41nameisLiMing.I’mfromGuangxi.”Then________42classmatesintroducedthemselvesonebyone.Wedidmanyactivitiestogether.Welearnedtoworkasateam.Sometimeswehadtosolveproblemsby________43.Theteachersdidn’thelp________44directly.Theywantedtoseehow________45coulddealwithdifficultiesbythemselves.参考答案与详细解析过关一・基础达标一、词形填空my;Mine解析：第一空修饰名词book用形物代my；第二空无名词，名物代Mine（大写句首）。herself解析：enjoyoneself固定搭配，she对应反身代词herself。himself解析：lookafteroneself照顾自己，he对应himself。Our;theirs解析：修饰classroom用Our；theirs=theirclassroom，无名词用名物代。yours解析：yours=yourpen，单独使用。us解析：动词asked后接宾格。its解析：形容词性物主代词its修饰face。themselves解析：byoneself独自，they对应复数反身代词themselves。Her解析：修饰mother用形物代Her。him解析：介词to后用人称宾格him。二、单项选择B解析：空一无名词用hers；空二后有bike用形物代Her。C解析：enjoyoneself，主语students复数→themselves。B解析：twoapples两者，one…theother固定搭配。D解析：房间空无一人，nobody没有人。A解析：wouldyoulike委婉请求，疑问句用some。A解析：feellonely说明几乎无朋友，friends可数复数，否定含义few。C解析：tw