2026年山东高考英语(真题)及答案

-2026年山东高考英语(真题)及答案PartIMultipleChoice(50points)（1）Thescientist,alongwithhisassistants,______workingontheprojectforthreeyears.（）AhavebeenBhasbeenCareDis答案：B解析：本题考查主谓一致。当主语后接with,alongwith,togetherwith,aswellas等短语时，谓语动词的单复数由前面的主语决定。本句主语是Thescientist（单数），且时间状语为forthreeyears，表示动作从过去持续到现在，应用现在完成进行时或现在完成时。结合选项，hasbeen符合语法和语境要求。（2）Themanagerdemandedthatthereport____byFriday.（）AbefinishedBwasfinishedCfinishedDwouldbefinished答案：A解析：本题考查虚拟语气。demand（要求）后的宾语从句谓语动词需用“(should)+动词原形”，should可省略。report与finish之间是被动关系，故用(should)befinished。故选A。（3）Whichconjunctionbestcompletesthesentence:'Iwastired,____Icontinuedtowork.'（）AandBsoCbutDor答案：C解析：本题考查连词逻辑关系。前半句“我很累”与后半句“我继续工作”之间存在转折关系。A项and表并列；B项so表因果；C项but表转折；D项or表选择。故选C。（4）Itisgenerallybelievedthatteachingis______itisascience.（）AanartmuchasBmuchanartasCasanartmuchasDasmuchanartas答案：D解析：考查固定搭配和比较结构。句意为“人们普遍认为，教学既是一门科学，也是一门艺术”，或者更准确地说是“教学作为一门艺术的程度不亚于它作为一门科学的程度”。此处使用了as...as结构，中间修饰名词art时，形容词much需放在不定冠词an之前，构成asmuchanartas的结构。这是英语中的特殊语序：as/so+adj.+a/an+n.+as。（5）ItisgenerallybelievedthatteawasintroducedtoEuropeinthe16thcentury,______itsoonbecamepopularamongtheupperclass.（）AwhichBwhereCwhenDthat答案：B解析：考查定语从句。先行词是Europe，在后面的非限制性定语从句中作地点状语（inEurope），意为“在那里它很快在上层阶级中流行起来”，因此应用关系副词where引导。which指代物，when指代时间，that不能引导非限制性定语从句。（6）____isknowntoall,Chinaisadevelopingcountry.（）AWhichBWhatCAsDIt答案：C解析：本题考查非限制性定语从句。Asisknowntoall是固定句型，意为“众所周知”，As引导非限制性定语从句，指代后面整个主句的内容，且在从句中作主语。Which也可以引导非限制性定语从句指代整句，但通常置于主句之后，若置于句首常用As。（7）Thenewlawwillcomeinto______onthedaywhenitispassedbytheparliament.（）AforceBuseCserviceDeffect答案：D解析：考查固定短语辨析。句意为：“新法律将在议会通过的那天生效。”comeintoeffect是固定搭配，意为“生效，开始实施”。A项force常与in连用(inforce)，表示“有效，在实施中”，但不与comeinto搭配表示“生效”这一动作过程；B项use常构成put/useintouse；C项service常构成putintoservice（投入使用，多指机器设备）。故选D。（8）Itwasinthepark____Imetmyoldfriendyesterday.（）AwhereBwhichCthatDwhen答案：C解析：本题考查强调句型'Itis/was+被强调部分+that+其他'。本句强调的是地点状语'inthepark'。去掉'Itwas...that...'后，句子'Imetmyoldfriendintheparkyesterday'结构完整，故为强调句，应用that连接。若选where则构成定语从句，但前面没有先行词，且Itwas结构不符。（9）Itisgenerallybelievedthatteachingis______artasitisascience.（）AanBmuchanCasmuchanDasan答案：C解析：考查固定搭配和比较结构。句型“asmuch...as...”表示“既是……也是……/程度相当”。此处意为“人们普遍认为教学既是一门科学，也是一门艺术”。art是可数名词单数，前面需加不定冠词an，且an应放在形容词much之后，构成“asmuchanartas...”。（10）Despitetheheavyrain,theconstructionworkerscontinuedworkingontheproject,______tofinishitbeforethedeadline.（）AdeterminedBdeterminingCtodetermineDhavingdetermined答案：A解析：考查形容词短语作状语及固定搭配。bedeterminedtodosth.意为“下定决心做某事”。此处去掉be动词，用过去分词短语determinedto...作伴随状语或原因状语，修饰主语theconstructionworkers的状态。（11）Itwasnotuntilshetookoffherdarkglasses______Irealizedshewasafamousfilmstar.（）AwhenBthatCwhichDwhere答案：B解析：本题考查强调句型。强调句型的结构为：Itis/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他部分。本句强调的是时间状语'notuntilshetookoffherdarkglasses'。在强调句中，无论被强调部分是人是物还是时间、地点，连接词通常都用that（指人时可用who）。此处不是定语从句，也不是时间状语从句的常规引导词when。故选B。（12）______bytheheavyrain,wehadtoputoffthesportsmeetinguntilnextweek.（）APreventingBPreventedCTopreventDHavingprevented答案：B解析：考查非谓语动词作状语。句子的主语是we，与prevent（阻止）之间是被动关系，即“我们被大雨阻止了”，因此应使用过去分词形式Prevented作原因状语。A项和D项表主动或完成主动，C项表目的，均不符合语境。（13）Themanager,alongwithhisassistants,______toattendthemeetingtomorrow.（）AisgoingBaregoingCgoDhavegone答案：A解析：本题考查主谓一致。当主语后接with,alongwith,togetherwith,aswellas等介词短语时，谓语动词的单复数形式由前面的主语决定。本题中主语是Themanager（单数），因此谓语动词应用单数形式。根据时间状语tomorrow可知用将来时或现在进行时表将来，故选A。（14）Whichofthefollowingwordshasthestressonthefirstsyllable?（）ApoliceBmachineCpilotDbelieve答案：C解析：本题考查单词重音。A项police/pəˈliːs/重音在第二音节；B项machine/məˈʃiːn/重音在第二音节；C项pilot/ˈpaɪlət/重音在第一音节；D项believe/bɪˈliːv/重音在第二音节。故选C。（15）Whichwordbestfitstheblank:"Thescientistmadea____discoverythatchangedtheworld."?（）AtrivialBgroundbreakingCcommonDordinary答案：B解析：本题考查形容词词义辨析。句意为“科学家做出了一个____的发现，改变了世界”。根据'changedtheworld'（改变世界），该发现必然是重大的、开创性的。A项trivial（琐碎的）、C项common（普通的）、D项ordinary（平凡的）均与语境矛盾；B项groundbreaking（开创性的、突破性的）符合语境。（16）______bytheheavyrain,wehadtoputoffthesportsmeeting.（）AHavingcaughtBCaughtCCatchingDTocatch答案：B解析：考查非谓语动词作状语。句子的主语是we，与动词catch之间是被动关系（我们被大雨困住），且动作已经发生，因此使用过去分词Caught作原因状语。A项是现在分词的完成式主动形式，C项是现在分词主动形式，D项是不定式表目的或将来，均不符合语境。故选B。（17）Itisgenerallybelievedthatsuccess______hardworkandpersistence.（）AresultsinBresultsfromCleadstoDcontributesto答案：B解析：本题考查动词短语辨析。resultin意为“导致”；resultfrom意为“由……引起/产生于”；leadto意为“导致”；contributeto意为“有助于/促成”。句意：人们普遍认为成功源于努力和坚持。success是结果，hardwork是原因，故用resultfrom。选B。（18）Itisgenerallybelievedthatteachingis______itisascience.（）AanartmuchasBmuchanartasCasanartmuchasDasmuchanartas答案：D解析：考查固定搭配和比较结构。as...as结构中，若有形容词或副词修饰名词，顺序通常为：as+much/many+(形容词)+名词+as。此处意为“教学既是一门科学，也是一门艺术”，强调程度相等，正确语序为asmuchanartas。（19）Truthisthepropertyofbeinginaccordwithfactorreality.Seekingtruthrequireshonestyandinquiry.Truthbuildstrustandcredibility.Liesunderminerelationshipsandsocieties.Livingintruthleadstoauthenticity.Whatistruth?（）AFalsehood.BAccordwithfactorreality.CDeception.DIllusion.答案：B解析：细节理解题。根据第一句"Truthisthepropertyofbeinginaccordwithfactorreality."可知，真理是与事实或现实相符的属性。故选B。（20）Whichofthefollowingwordshasadifferentsoundfortheunderlinedpart?（）Ath<u>o</u>ughtBthr<u>o</u>ughCbr<u>o</u>ughtDc<u>o</u>ught答案：B解析：本题考查字母组合'ough'的发音。A项thought/θɔːt/，C项brought/brɔːt/，D项caught/kɔːt/，其中的'ough'均发/ɔː/音；而B项through/θruː/中的'ough'发/uː/音。故选B。（21）Itisgenerallybelievedthatteachingis______itisascience.（）AanartmuchasBmuchanartasCasanartmuchasDasmuchanartas答案：D解析：本题考查同级比较结构'as...as...'。当形容词修饰单数可数名词时，语序应为'as+adj.+a/an+n.+as'。因此，'asmuchanartas'是正确的语序。句意为：人们普遍认为，教学既是一门科学，也是一门艺术。（22）____heworkshard,hestillfailstheexam.（）ABecauseBIfCAlthoughDSince答案：C解析：本题考查让步状语从句。句意：虽然他工作努力，但他仍然考试不及格。前后句存在转折/让步关系，故用Although。Because,If,Since均不符合逻辑。（23）____herealizedhismistake,itwastoolatetocorrectit.（）AWhenBBeforeCBythetimeDUntil答案：C解析：本题考查连词辨析及固定句型。'Bythetime+从句（一般过去时）'，主句通常用过去完成时，表示“到……时候为止”。句意：到他意识到错误的时候，纠正已经太晚了。When和Before虽可引导时间状语，但Bythetime更强调时间节点带来的结果状态，且常与完成时连用，符合语境逻辑。（24）Theteacheraskedus____somuchnoiseinthelibrary.（）AnottomakeBtonotmakeCdon'tmakeDnotmaking答案：A解析：本题考查asksb.(not)todosth.的固定搭配，意为“要求某人（不）做某事”。不定式的否定形式是在to之前加not，即nottomake。（25）Whichofthefollowingwordsisclosestinmeaningto'seize'inthetext?（）AmissBgrabCignoreDcreate答案：B解析：文中句子为'Withouthardwork,onecannotseizetheopportunities...'，意为‘没有努力，人就无法抓住机会……’。Seize意为‘抓住、把握’。Grab也有‘抓取、把握’之意，意思最接近。Miss意为‘错过’，Ignore意为‘忽视’，Create意为‘创造’，均不符。PartIIGap-filling(14points)（1）Themanagerdemandedthatthework______(finish)beforeFriday.答案：befinished解析：本题考查虚拟语气和被动语态。demand意为“要求”，其后的宾语从句需使用虚拟语气，即'(should)+动词原形'。work与finish之间是被动关系，故填(should)befinished，其中should可省略。（2）Tooursurprise,thelittleboycanspeakEnglishas____ashisfather.答案：fluently解析：本题考查'as+形容词/副词原级+as'结构。修饰动词speak需用副词fluent的副词形式fluently。句意：令我们惊讶的是，这个小男孩英语说得和他父亲一样流利。（3）Nosooner____theyarrivedhomethanitbegantosnow.答案：had解析：本题考查'Nosooner...than...'句型的倒装。该句型意为“一……就……”，当Nosooner位于句首时，主句需用过去完成时并部分倒装。正常语序为'Theyhadnosoonerarrived...'，倒装后变为'Nosoonerhadtheyarrived...'。故填had。（4）Thenewlawstatesthatpeople______driveafterdrinkingalcohol.答案：mustn't解析：本题考查情态动词的用法。句意：新法律规定人们酒后禁止驾车。根据常识和法律约束力，此处应填表示“禁止”的情态动词mustn't(mustnot)。（5）I'dliketohavemyhair____beforetheparty.答案：cut解析：本题考查havesth.done结构，意为“让某事被做”。hair与cut之间是被动关系（头发被剪），所以用过去分词cut作宾语补足语。cut的过去分词形式仍是cut。（6）Heisvery______(care)whendriving,sohehasneverhadanaccident.答案：careful解析：空格前有系动词is和程度副词very，因此空格处应填入形容词作表语。care的形容词形式是careful，意为“小心的，仔细的”，符合语境。（7）Itisgenerallybelievedthatteachingisasmuchanartasitisascience.Therefore,teachersshouldbe1______(patient)andcreative.答案：patient解析：本题考查形容词作表语。and连接并列成分，creative是形容词，故空格处也应填形容词patient（耐心的），与前面的be动词构成系表结构。（8）Thenewpolicyaimstoreducepollutionandcreateamore______environmentforcitizens.答案：sustainable解析：本题考查形容词拼写及语境理解。句意为“新政策旨在减少污染，为市民创造一个更可持续的环境”。根据前半句“reducepollution”（减少污染），后半句应填入与环境友好、长期发展相关的形容词。sustainable意为“可持续的”，符合语境。注意拼写正确。（9）Itisgenerallybelievedthatcommunicationskillsarebecoming______ittakestobeagoodleader.答案：what解析：本题考查名词性从句。分析句子结构，'______ittakestobeagoodleader'作becoming的表语。在该从句中，takes缺少宾语，意为“成为好领导所需要的东西”，故填what。（10）Theidiom'spillthebeans'meanstoreveala____.答案：secret解析：考查习语含义。'spillthebeans'字面意思是洒了豆子，实际含义是“泄露秘密”（revealasecret），通常指无意中说出。（11）Neithertheteachernorthestudents____awareofthechangeintheschedule.答案：were解析：本题考查'neither...nor...'连接主语时的主谓一致原则，即“就近原则”。谓语动词的单复数形式取决于离它最近的主语。本句中，离谓语最近的主语是'thestudents'(复数)，因此谓语动词应用复数形式。根据句意描述的是过去的状态（awareofthechange），应用一般过去时。故填were。（12）Shehasagiftformusicanddreamsofbecomingafamous____oneday.答案：musician解析：本题考查词性转换。空前有冠词a和形容词famous修饰，且介词of后接名词，此处需要填入表示人的名词。music是音乐（名词），其对应的职业名词是musician（音乐家）。句意为“她有音乐天赋，梦想有一天成为一名著名的音乐家”。（13）Thereason______hewaslateforschoolwasthathemissedthebus.答案：why解析：考查定语从句。先行词是Thereason，在从句中作原因状语，故用关系副词why引导定语从句。也可以理解为forwhich。（14）Thegovernmenthastakenmeasurestopreventtheriverfrombeing1______(pollute)byindustrialwaste.答案：polluted解析：本题考查被动语态中的过去分词。frombeing后接动词的过去分词构成被动结构，表示“被污染”。pollute的过去分词是polluted。PartIIICloze(30points)（1）China'shigh-speedrailnetworkhasexpandedrapidlyinrecentyears.It1______(connect)majorcitiesacrossthecountry,makingtravelmuchfasterandmoreconvenient.Formanypassengers,takingahigh-speedtrainisnowthepreferredchoiceforlong-distancetrips.Thetrainsareknownfortheirpunctualityandcomfort.Besides,theticketbookingprocesshasbecomeincreasinglydigitalized.Passengerscaneasilybookticketsonlineusingtheirsmartphones.Thistechnologicaladvancementhasgreatlyimprovedthetravelexperience.Furthermore,thedevelopmentofhigh-speedrailhasboostedlocaleconomies.Ithasfacilitatedbusinessexchangesandtourism.Manysmalltownsalongtherailwaylineshaveseenariseinvisitors.Asaresult,localresidentshavebenefitedfromincreasedincomeopportunities.Inthefuture,Chinaplanstoextenditshigh-speedrailnetworktomoreremoteareas.Thiswillhelpbridgethegapbetweenurbanandruralregions.Overall,thehigh-speedrailisnotjustamodeoftransport;itisasymbolofChina'smodernizationandprogress.Itdemonstratesthecountry'scommitmenttoimprovingpeople'slivelihoods.Withcontinuousinnovation,thehigh-speedrailsystemwillcontinuetoplayavitalroleinChina'sdevelopment.Itservesasamodelforothercountrieslookingtoupgradetheirinfrastructure.Theimpactofthisnetworkisprofoundandfar-reaching.Ithaschangedthewaypeopleliveandwork.Indeed,thehigh-speedrailerahasarrived,bringingwithitnewpossibilitiesandhopes.答案：1.connects2.preferred3.using4.hasimproved5.boosted6.a7.toextend8.between9.improving10.possibilities解析：1.主语It指代network，一般现在时，第三人称单数，故填connects。2.修饰choice，用形容词preferred（首选的）。3.usesmartphones作方式状语，主动关系，用现在分词using。4.根据hasgreatly...可知是现在完成时，主语advancement单数，故填hasimproved。5.has后面接过去分词构成完成时，故填boosted。6.rise是可数名词单数，泛指一次增长，故填a。7.plantodosth.，故填toextend。8.between...and...固定搭配，故填between。9.commitmenttodoingsth.，to是介词，故填improving。10.possibility是可数名词，前面有new修饰，且语境暗示多种可能性，用复数possibilities。（2）Nowadays,environmentalprotectionhasbecomeahottopic.Manyfactories1______(pollute)theairandwaterinthepast,butnowtheyaretryingtoreducetheiremissions.Thegovernmenthasmadelawstopunishthose2______breaktherules.Asstudents,wecanalsocontributeby3______(recycle)wastepaperandplasticbottles.Itisimportantforustodevelopagreenlifestyle.Forexample,weshouldturnoffthelightswhenweleavetheroom.Everysmallactioncounts.Ifeveryonemakesaneffort,theearthwillbecomeamuch4______(good)placetolive.Let'stakeaction5______(immediate)!答案：1.polluted2.who3.recycling4.better5.immediately解析：1.根据时间状语inthepast，句子应用一般过去时，故填polluted。2.此处是定语从句，先行词是those（指人），在从句中作主语，故填who。3.by是介词，后接动名词形式，故填recycling。4.much修饰形容词比较级，good的比较级是better，故填better。5.此处修饰动词短语takeaction，应用副词形式，immediate的副词是immediately，故填immediately。（3）Travelingisoneofthemostenrichingexperiencesinlife.Itallowsustoexplorenewcultures,meetdifferentpeople,andbroadenourhorizons.However,travelingalsocomeswithitsownsetofchallenges.Oneofthebiggestchallengesisdealingwithlanguagebarriers.Whenyouareinaforeigncountry,notbeingabletocommunicateeffectivelycanleadtomisunderstandingsandfrustration.Anotherchallengeisadaptingtolocalcustomsandtraditions.Whatisconsideredpoliteinoneculturemightberudeinanother.Forinstance,insomecountries,tippingisexpected,whileinothers,itisconsideredinsulting.Therefore,itisimportanttodosomeresearchbeforeyoutraveltounderstandthelocaletiquette.Despitethesechallenges,therewardsoftravelingareimmense.Ithelpsusbecomemoreopen-mindedandtolerant.Welearntoappreciatediversityandunderstandthattherearemanywaystolivelife.Travelingalsoprovidesabreakfromourdailyroutine,allowingustorelaxandrecharge.Insummary,whiletravelingmaypresentcertaindifficulties,thebenefitsfaroutweighthedrawbacks.Itisaninvestmentinoneselfthatyieldslifelongmemoriesandpersonalgrowth.1______isoneofthebiggestchallengesoftravelingmentionedinthetext?2______shouldtravelersdotoavoidoffendinglocals?3______arethetwomainbenefitsoftravelinglistedinthethirdparagraph?答案：1.Dealingwithlanguagebarriers2.Dosomeresearchonlocaletiquette3.Becomingmoreopen-mindedandtolerant;Gettingabreakfromdailyroutine解析：1.根据第二段第一句'Oneofthebiggestchallengesisdealingwithlanguagebarriers.'可知答案。2.根据第三段最后一句'Therefore,itisimportanttodosomeresearchbeforeyoutraveltounderstandthelocaletiquette.'可知答案。3.根据第四段内容，好处包括'becomemoreopen-mindedandtolerant'和'providesabreakfromourdailyroutine'。（4）Environmentalprotectionhasbecomeaglobalconcern.Governmentsaroundtheworldaretakingmeasures1______(reduce)pollution.Forexample,somecountrieshavebannedplasticbagstoencouragepeople2______(use)reusableones.Inaddition,renewableenergysourceslikesolarandwindpower3______(develop)rapidlyinrecentyears.Itishightimethatwe4______(take)actiontoprotectourplanetforfuturegenerations.答案：1.toreduce2.touse3.havebeendeveloped4.took解析：1.takemeasurestodosth.是固定搭配，意为“采取措施做某事”，表目的，故填toreduce。2.encouragesb.todosth.是固定搭配，意为“鼓励某人做某事”，故填touse。3.时间状语inrecentyears通常与现在完成时连用；主语sources与develop之间是被动关系，故用现在完成时的被动语态havebeendeveloped。4.Itis(high)timethat...是虚拟语气句型，从句谓语动词用过去式，故填took。（5）Readingisagoodhabitthatbenefitsusalot.Itopensupanewworldtous.Throughreading,wecanlearnaboutdifferentculturesandhistories.Booksareoften1______(call)theladderofhumanprogress.Whenweread,wecanimproveourlanguageskillsandexpandourvocabulary.Readingalsohelpsusrelaxafterabusyday.Itallowsustoescapefromrealityandenteraworldofimagination.However,inthedigitalage,fewerpeoplepreferreadingpaperbooks.Manychoosetoreadontheirphonesortablets.Whilee-booksareconvenient,someexpertsarguethattheymayhurtoureyesifwereadthemfortoolong.Therefore,itissuggestedthatwe2______(balance)ourreadingtimebetweenpaperbooksande-books.Nomatterwhatkindofbooksyouread,thekeyistokeep3______(read)regularly.Aperson4______lovesreadingwillneverfeellonely.Let'smakereadingapartofourdailylifeandenjoy5______(it)benefits.答案：1.called2.(should)balance3.reading4.who/that5.its解析：1.考查语态。Books与call之间是被动关系，应用被动语态arecalled。2.考查虚拟语气。suggest表示“建议”时，其后的宾语从句谓语动词用(should)+动词原形，故填(should)balance。3.考查非谓语动词。keepdoingsth.是固定搭配，意为“一直做某事”，故填reading。4.考查定语从句。先行词是Aperson，指人，在从句中作主语，可用who或that引导。5.考查代词。benefits是名词，前面需用形容词性物主代词修饰，it的形容词性物主代词是its。（6）Tomisahighschoolstudentwholovesreading.Hisfavoritesubjectishistory.Hespendsmostofhisfreetimeinthelibrary.There,hecanfindbooksaboutancientcivilizations.Lastweek,heborrowedabookabouttheRomanEmpire.Hefounditveryinteresting.HelearnedhowtheRomansbuilttheirroadsandbridges.Healsoreadabouttheirfamousleaders.Tomdreamsofbecomingahistorianoneday.Hewantstotravelaroundtheworldandvisithistoricalsites.Histeachersencouragehimtopursuehisdream.Theysaythatknowledgeispower.Tombelievesthatifheworkshard,hewillachievehisgoal.Henevergivesupwhenhefacesdifficulties.Instead,hetriestofindsolutions.Hispassionforlearninginspiresothersaroundhim.1______2______3______4______5______6______7______8______9______10______答案：1.A2.C3.B4.D5.A6.C7.B8.D9.A10.C解析：本文介绍了高中生Tom对历史和阅读的热爱。他梦想成为一名历史学家，并为此努力学习。文章赞扬了他坚持不懈的精神以及这种精神对他人的激励作用。1.考查动词辨析。最喜欢历史，loves符合语境，故选A(loves)。2.考查名词辨析。在图书馆找到关于古代文明的书，civilizations符合语境，故选C(civilizations)。3.考查形容词辨析。觉得这本书非常有趣，interesting符合语境，故选B(interesting)。4.考查动词辨析。了解了罗马人如何修建道路，built符合语境，故选D(built)。5.考查动词辨析。梦想成为历史学家，dreamsof是固定搭配，故选A(dreams)。6.考查动词辨析。老师鼓励他追求梦想，encourage符合语境，故选C(encourage)。7.考查名词辨析。知识就是力量，knowledge符合语境，故选B(knowledge)。8.考查动词辨析。相信如果努力工作就能实现目标，achieve符合语境，故选D(achieve)。9.考查动词短语。面对困难从不放弃，givesup符合语境，故选A(givesup)。10.考查名词辨析。对学习的热情激励他人，passion符合语境，故选C(passion)。PartIVWriting(20points)（1）写作背景：美国笔友Tom对端午节感兴趣。写作任务：写邮件介绍端午节的由来和习俗。答案：（略）解析：本题属于应用文写作（邮件）。要点包括：1.表达高兴；2.介绍由来（纪念屈原）；3.介绍习俗（吃粽子、赛龙舟及其象征意义）。范文语言流畅，使用了inmemoryof,evolveinto,symbolize等高级词汇，准确传达了文化内涵，格式规范。（2）假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Peter对中国传统文化感兴趣，写信向你询问如何学习中文。请你给他回信，内容包括：1.推荐学习方法（如看中国电影、交中国朋友等）；2.鼓励他坚持练习；3.表达期待。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。答案：（略）解析：本篇作文属于建议信。首先表明高兴得知对方想学中文；接着分点提出建议，如看电影、交朋友等，并强调坚持的重要性；最后表达期待。语言简洁明了，逻辑清晰，符合高考英语书面表达的要求。PartVReadingComprehension(36points)Passage1AncientRomewasnotbuiltinaday,andneitherwasitscomplexsystemofroads.TheRomanroadnetworkwasoneofthegreatestengineeringfeatsoftheancientworld,spanningover250,000miles.Theseroadsweredesignedprimarilyformilitarypurposes,allowinglegionstomovequicklyacrosstheempiretosuppressrevoltsordefendborders.However,theyalsofacilitatedtrade,communication,andculturalexchange.Theconstructionoftheseroadswasmeticulous.Theywerebuiltinlayers:afoundationoflargestones,followedbysmallerstonesandgravel,andtoppedwithtightlyfittedpavingstones.Thislayeredstructureensureddurabilityandproperdrainage,preventingtheroadsfrombecomingmuddyinrain.Manysectionsoftheseroadsarestillinusetoday,atestamenttoRomanengineeringskills.Alongsidetheroads,theRomansestablishedasystemofwaystationscalled"mutationes"and"mansiones."Mutationesprovidedfreshhorsesfortravelers,whilemansionesofferedlodgingandmealsforofficialsandwealthymerchants.Thisinfrastructuresupportedasophisticatedpostalsystem,the*cursuspublicus*,whichallowedmessagestotravelfasterthaneverbeforeinhistory.Theefficiencyofthissystemhelpedbindthevastempiretogether,creatingasenseofunitydespitethediversecultureswithinitsborders.（1-1）WhatwastheoriginalprimarypurposeofRomanroads?（）ATopromotetourism.BTofacilitatemilitarymovement.CToconnectfarmstocities.DToserveasracetracks.（1-2）HowdidthelayeredconstructionofRomanroadsbenefitthem?（）ATheymadetheroadslookmorebeautiful.BTheyreducedthecostofconstruction.CTheyensureddurabilityanddrainage.DTheyallowedforfasterhorseracing.（1-3）Whatwasthefunctionof"mutationes"?（）AToprovidelodgingformerchants.BToofferfreshhorsesfortravelers.CTostoremilitarysupplies.DTocollecttaxesfromtravelers.（1-4）Whatroledidthe*cursuspublicus*playintheRomanEmpire?（）AItwasasystemfortransportinggoodsonly.BItwasareligiousceremonyheldannually.CItwasasophisticatedpostalsystemforrapidmessagedelivery.DItwasaschoolfortrainingengineers.（1-5）WhatcanbeinferredabouttheimpactofRomanroadsontheempire?（）ATheycausedfrequentrebellionsduetoheavytraffic.BTheyhelpedunifythediverseculturesoftheempire.CTheyweretooexpensivetomaintainandledtoeconomiccollapse.DTheywereonlyusedbytheemperor.答案：1-1.B1-2.C1-3.B1-4.C1-5.B解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段第二句"Theseroadsweredesignedprimarilyformilitarypurposes..."可知，罗马道路最初主要是为了军事目的设计的，故选B。2.细节理解题。根据第二段第三句"Thislayeredstructureensureddurabilityandproperdrainage..."可知，分层结构确保了道路的耐用性和良好的排水性，故选C。3.细节理解题。根据第三段第二句"Mutationesprovidedfreshhorsesfortravelers..."可知，mutationes的功能是为旅行者提供新鲜马匹，故选B。4.细节理解题。根据第三段第三句"Thisinfrastructuresupportedasophisticatedpostalsystem,thecursuspublicus,whichallowedmessagestotravelfaster..."可知，cursuspublicus是一个复杂的邮政系统，用于快速传递信息，故选C。5.推理判断题。根据文章最后一句"Theefficiencyofthissystemhelpedbindthevastempiretogether,creatingasenseofunity..."可知，道路系统有助于将庞大的帝国联系在一起，创造统一感，故选B。Passage2ArtificialIntelligence(AI)istransformingthehealthcareindustryinunprecedentedways.Fromdiagnosingdiseasestopersonalizingtreatmentplans,AIalgorithmsarebecomingindispensabletoolsformedicalprofessionals.Oneofthemostsignificantapplicationsisinradiology,whereAIcananalyzemedicalimageswithgreaterspeedandaccuracythanhumanradiologists.Thisnotonlyreducestheworkloadfordoctorsbutalsominimizestheriskofhumanerror.However,theintegrationofAIinhealthcareisnotwithoutchallenges.Dataprivacyisamajorconcern,aspatientinformationmustbeprotectedfrombreaches.Additionally,thereistheissueofalgorithmicbias.IfthedatausedtotrainAImodelsisnotdiverse,thealgorithmsmayproducebiasedresults,leadingtounequalhealthcareoutcomesfordifferentdemographicgroups.Despitethesechallenges,thepotentialbenefitsofAIinhealthcareareimmense.ItcanhelpaddresstheshortageofhealthcareworkersinremoteareasbyprovidingtelemedicineservicespoweredbyAIdiagnostics.Furthermore,AIcanacceleratedrugdiscoverybypredictinghowdifferentcompoundswillinteractwithbiologicaltargets,significantlyreducingthetimeandcostofdevelopingnewmedications.ExpertsagreethatAIshouldnotreplacehumandoctorsbutratheraugmenttheircapabilities.Theempathy,ethicaljudgment,andcomplexdecision-makingskillsofhumanphysiciansremainirreplaceable.ThefutureofhealthcareliesinacollaborativemodelwhereAIhandlesdata-intensivetasks,allowingdoctorstofocusmoreonpatientcare.（2-1）WhatisoneofthemainadvantagesofusingAIinradiologymentionedinthetext?（）AIteliminatestheneedforhumanradiologists.BItincreasesthecostofmedicalimaging.CItanalyzesimagesfasterandmoreaccurately.DItreplacestraditionaldiagnosticmethodsentirely.（2-2）WhyisalgorithmicbiasaconcerninAI-drivenhealthcare?（）ABecauseAIalgorithmsaretooexpensivetodevelop.BBecausebiaseddatacanleadtounequalhealthcareoutcomes.CBecausepatientsdonottrustAIdiagnoses.DBecauseAIcannotprocesslargeamountsofdata.（2-3）HowcanAIhelpaddresstheshortageofhealthcareworkersinremoteareas?（）ABysendingrobotstoperformsurgeries.BByprovidingtelemedicineserviceswithAIdiagnostics.CBytraininglocalresidentstobecomedoctors.DByreducingthenumberofpatientsinremoteareas.（2-4）Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardstheroleofAIinthefutureofhealthcare?（）ASkepticalBIndifferentCSupportivebutcautiousDStronglyopposed答案：2-1.C2-2.B2-3.B2-4.C解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段'AIcananalyzemedicalimageswithgreaterspeedandaccuracythanhumanradiologists'可知，AI在放射学中的主要优势是分析图像更快更准确。故选C。2.细节理解题。根据第二段'IfthedatausedtotrainAImodelsisnotdiverse,thealgorithmsmayproducebiasedresults,leadingtounequalhealthcareoutcomes'可知，算法偏见会导致不同人群获得不平等的医疗结果。故选B。3.细节理解题。根据第三段'ItcanhelpaddresstheshortageofhealthcareworkersinremoteareasbyprovidingtelemedicineservicespoweredbyAIdiagno