牛津译林版八年级英语上学期词汇运用专题练习

牛津译林版八年级英语上学期词汇运用专题练习词汇是语言的基石，扎实的词汇功底是提升英语综合能力的关键。八年级上学期的英语学习，对词汇的理解与运用提出了更高要求。本专题练习旨在帮助同学们系统梳理本学期核心词汇，通过多样化的题型巩固记忆、深化理解，最终达到灵活运用的目的。一、词义理解与辨析(WordMeaningandDiscrimination)练习目标：准确理解单词的基本含义，区分易混淆词汇。1.根据句意及首字母提示补全单词。*Weshouldtryourbesttop_______theenvironment.(protect)*Myfatheroftentellsmeinterestings_______inhischildhood.(stories)*It'si_______tofinishthehardworkinsuchashorttime.(impossible)*Shehasagoodm_______andcanrememberthingsquickly.(memory)2.选择括号内适当的单词填空，使句意完整。*Mybrotheris_______(tall/high)thanme.*Weshould_______(save/waste)watertoprotectourEarth.*Shefelt_______(happy/happily)whensheheardthegoodnews.*Canyoutellmethe_______(different/difference)betweenthetwopictures?*HespeaksEnglishvery_______(good/well).二、词汇搭配与运用(CollocationsandUsage)练习目标：掌握常用词汇的固定搭配及在语境中的灵活运用。1.用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，每词限用一次。(方框词汇示例：take,make,do,have,get)*Iusually_______awalkafterdinner.(take)*Theyareplanningto_______atriptothecountrysidenextweekend.(make)*Youshould_______yourhomeworkcarefullybeforewatchingTV.(do)*We_______agoodtimeatthepartylastnight.(had)*HowcanI_______tothenearestbusstop?(get)2.根据中文提示，完成下列句子，每空一词。*他经常在周末帮妈妈做家务。Heoftenhelpshismother_____________________(dohousework)atweekends.*我们应该对老人有礼貌。Weshould_____________________(bepoliteto)theoldpeople.*她花了两个小时完成作业。She_______twohours_______herhomework.(spent;finishing)/It_______hertwohours______________herhomework.(took;tofinish)*这本书很有趣，值得一读。Thisbookisveryinterestingand______________(worthreading).三、词性转换(WordFormation)练习目标：掌握常见的词性转换规则，能根据语境正确使用不同词性的单词。1.用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。*Heisafamous_______(science).His_______(invent)havehelpedmanypeople.(scientist;inventions)*It's_______(importance)forustolearnEnglishwell.(important)*Theweathertodayis_______(sun).Let'sgoforapicnic.(sunny)*Mymotheralwayscooks_______(taste)foodforus.(tasty)*HespeaksEnglishwithgreat_______(confident).(confidence)四、综合填空(ClozeTest)练习目标：综合运用所学词汇，在语篇中理解和运用单词。阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从方框中选择适当的单词填空，使短文意思完整、通顺。每词限用一次。(方框词汇示例：healthy,exercise,important,habit,enough,sleep,strong,energy)Everyonewantstobe_______(healthy).Tostayhealthy,weneedtohavegood_______(habits).First,weshoulddo_______(enough)_______(exercise)everyday.Itcanmakeus_______(strong)andgiveus_______(energy).Second,weneedtogetenough_______(sleep).Agoodresthelpsusworkbetter.Third,eatingabalanceddietisvery_______(important).Remember,ahealthylifestylebringsahappylife.参考答案与解析(ReferenceAnswersandExplanations)一、词义理解与辨析1.protect,stories,impossible,memory,dark/darkness2.taller,save,happy,difference,well*解析：tall指人或物体的高度；high指山、建筑物等的高度或抽象意义上的“高”。feel为系动词，后接形容词happy。difference是名词，意为“区别”。well是副词，修饰动词speak。二、词汇搭配与运用1.take,make,do,had,get2.dohousework,bepoliteto,spentfinishing/tooktofinish,worthreading*解析：“花费时间做某事”可以用"sb.spendstime(in)doingsth."或"Ittakessb.timetodosth."。"beworthdoing"是固定搭配，意为“值得做某事”。三、词性转换1.scientist,inventions,important,sunny,tasty,confidence*解析：science(名词，科学)->scientist(名词，科学家)；invent(动词，发明)->invention(名词，发明物)，由have可知用复数。importance(名词)->important(形容词)。sun(名词)->sunny(形容词)。taste(动词/名词)->tasty(形容词)。confident(形容词)->confidence(名词)。四、综合填空healthy,habits,enough,exercise,strong,energy,sleep,important*解析：本文围绕健康生活方式展开。第一空需要形容词作表语；第二空需要名词复数表示“习惯”；enough修饰名词exercise；exercise此处为不可数名词；makesb.+adj.表示“使某人……”；energy为名词“能量”；sleep为不可数名词“睡眠”；important为形容词“重要的”。词汇学习与运用建议1.勤查词典：遇到生词或不确定的用法，及时查阅权威词典，不仅要记词义，还要关注词性、搭配和例句。2.语境记忆：不要孤立地背单