【基础精练】Unit 5 Humans and Nature 知识点清单-2022-2023学年高一英语练好基础（北师大版2019必修第二册）

Unit5HumansandNature知识点清单Ⅰ.核心单词1.Threepeoplediedinthefire,butJohn__________(逃脱)throughthebedroomwindow.2．Doubtedbysomanypeople,hefeelshehasto(证明)himselftoothers.3．(2018·浙江卷6月)ThecarsthatdrovetheAmericanDreamhavehelpedtocreateaglobalecological(灾难).4．(2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)A(水灾)hadhittheareaearlierthatyearandthedamageitcausedhaddrivenawayanumberofbirds.5．MissLiwentthroughmycompositionandmadesomeuseful(评论)aboutit.6．(2019·天津卷)Duringtheactivity,youwillgivea(演讲)onWesternart.7．Whenitcomestothemost(可怕的)thingI'veexperienced,IhavetomentiontherobberyinCapeTown.8．Youcan'tseethefull(范围)ofthebeachfromhere.9.Thefiremen(营救)ababyfromtheburninghouse.10．(2020·天津卷7月)Viasuchnetworks,librariessharetheirbookswitheachotherthroughtheuseofdelivery(车辆).11．(2020·浙江卷7月)Onefall,mywifeElliandIhadasinglegoal:tophotograph__________(极地的)bears.12．(浙江卷)Inthecity,Mr.PenningtongaveBenjaminmaterialsforcreatingoilpaintings.Theboybegana(风景)painting.13．Someoftherescueworkersanddoctorswere(困住)undertheruins.14．Hot(气候)andplentifulrainfallfavourthegrowthofplants.15．Hedivedhishandintohispocketinan(试图)tofindthekey.Ⅱ.拓展词汇会书写会应用1.adj.拥挤的；挤满人的→crowdn．人群v．拥挤2．vt.使震惊；使难以置信→shockedadj.震惊的→shockingadj.令人震惊的3．vi.&vt.活下来；幸存→survivaln．幸存→survivorn．幸存者1.①Allofthemwere(shock)athercommentonthisaccident.②Itwas(shock)thatthemayorwasarrestedafterhetookofficeforlessthanhalfayear.续表会书写会应用4.adj.受惊的，害怕的→frightenvt.使害怕→frighteningadj.令人害怕的5．adj.好奇的→curiosityn．好奇心6．n．观察；观察结果→observevt.观察→observern．观察者7．adj.相等的；相同的→equallyadv.平等地→equalityn．平等8．n．预备，准备→preparev．准备→preparedadj.准备好的9．adv.焦虑地；不安地→anxiousadj.焦虑的；不安的→anxietyn．焦虑10．n．抱负，雄心；追求，夙愿→ambitiousadj.有野心的；有雄心的11．adj.高兴的，兴高采烈的→cheerv．欢呼12．adj.久远的；遥远的→distancen．距离；远方13．n．坦诚；诚实，正直→honestadj.坦诚的；诚实的14．n．勇气；勇敢的行为→braveadj.勇敢的2.①Hefrightenedtheoldladysigningthepaper.②Toseepolicemenwithgunsintheairportforthefirsttimewas(frighten).3．Whentheoldmanwasmakingthekite,thechildrenwerewatchingwith(curious).4．Theexperthasalanguagebarrierinattendingsuchanimportantmeeting,butheshouldbepraisedforhis(brave).5．①Iwanttoimprovemylanguageskillsin(prepare)forfurtherstudyoverseas.②Allthecompetitorsmustbefullyprepared(give)thebestperformance.6．①(2018·江苏卷改编)AccordingtoLifeinLikes,aschildrengrew,theybecamemore(anxiety)togetmorepublicapproval.②(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)There'stensionand____________(anxious)fromthebeginningasNickandAmybattleforyourtrust.Ⅲ.重点短语会书写会应用1.保护……免于……2．朝着……的方向3．在……的边缘4．对……感到好奇5．出故障6．用完7．被困在……中8．为……做准备9．以……为根据(基础)10．担心……11．在远处12．由……组成1.Treescanthefieldthecoldwind.2．Theresearchteam10pupils,whoseagesvaryfrom10to15.3．Acrossthestream,amanistryingtoreachoutthebankforthefruitwithanetattachedtoapole.4．Hehadtopausefromtimetotimetowipethesweatfromhisforehead,becausetheair-conditioningsystem．5．Inhighschool,Ithecomputer,andbuiltmyfirstwebsite.6．Everythingisquiet,apartfromtheoccasionalsoundofacar．7．Somefactoriesarereportedtohavestoppedproduction,havingrawmaterials.Ⅳ.重点句型会记忆会仿写1.themoment引导时间状语从句ThemomentIheardthewordIbecameveryfrightened.当她看到那个滑稽的年轻人的时候，忍不住笑了起来。Shecouldn'thelplaughing．2.“the＋比较级．..the＋比较级．..”意为“越……就越……”Thefirst,thelargerthebodieswere,themorerapidlytheyfell.她越鼓励儿子，儿子进步越快。____________sheencouragedherson,____________heimproved.续表会记忆会仿写3.then放句首句子完全倒装Thencamethetotaldarknessofthepolarwinter.有一会儿什么都没有发生，之后传来了众人齐喊的声音。Foramomentnothinghappened.______________allshoutingtogether.4.“havesb./sth.doingsth.”意为“让某人/某物一直做某事”Hehadteamsofdogspullingthesledgesandallhismenwereonskis.让机器一直运转不是个好主意。Itisnotagoodideato．5.until引导时间状语从句Holdontoyourshelteruntiltheshakingstops.直到这个地方被严重污染了他们才意识到该采取行动阻止污染了。Theydidn'trealizethatitwashightimetotakeactiontostoppollution．Ⅴ.单元语法用定语从句把两句连接起来1．Theoldmandoesn'tforgetthedays.Thenhestayedinthecountryside.→.2．Youdidn'tcometohisbirthdayparty.Canyoutellmethereason?→3．Wewilldiscussanumberofcases.Inthesecases,beginnersofEnglishfailtousethelanguageproperly.→.4．Peoplearesupposedtoshakehandsinformaloccasions.Ontheseoccasionstheymeetforthefirsttime.→.5．LiHuawaschargedwithbreakingintoasupermarket.Therehewasreportedtohavestolenjewelryinabundance.→参考答案：.Ⅰ.核心单词1.Threepeoplediedinthefire,butJohnescaped(逃脱)throughthebedroomwindow.2．Doubtedbysomanypeople,hefeelshehastoprove(证明)himselftoothers.3．(2018·浙江卷6月)ThecarsthatdrovetheAmericanDreamhavehelpedtocreateaglobalecologicaldisaster(灾难).4．(2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)Aflood(水灾)hadhittheareaearlierthatyearandthedamageitcausedhaddrivenawayanumberofbirds.5．MissLiwentthroughmycompositionandmadesomeusefulcomments(评论)aboutit.6．(2019·天津卷)Duringtheactivity,youwillgivealecture(演讲)onWesternart.7．Whenitcomestothemosthorrible(可怕的)thingI'veexperienced,IhavetomentiontherobberyinCapeTown.8．Youcan'tseethefullextent(范围)ofthebeachfromhere.9.Thefiremenrescued(营救)ababyfromtheburninghouse.10．(2020·天津卷7月)Viasuchnetworks,librariessharetheirbookswitheachotherthroughtheuseofdeliveryvehicles(车辆).11．(2020·浙江卷7月)Onefall,mywifeElliandIhadasinglegoal:tophotographpolar(极地的)bears.12．(浙江卷)Inthecity,Mr.PenningtongaveBenjaminmaterialsforcreatingoilpaintings.Theboybeganalandscape(风景)painting.13．Someoftherescueworkersanddoctorsweretrapped(困住)undertheruins.14．Hotclimate(气候)andplentifulrainfallfavourthegrowthofplants.15．Hedivedhishandintohispocketinanattempt(试图)tofindthekey.Ⅱ.拓展词汇会书写会应用1.crowdedadj.拥挤的；挤满人的→crowdn．人群v．拥挤2．shockvt.使震惊；使难以置信→shockedadj.震惊的→shockingadj.令人震惊的3．survivevi.&vt.活下来；幸存→survivaln．幸存→survivorn．幸存者1.①Allofthemwereshocked(shock)athercommentonthisaccident.②Itwasshocking(shock)thatthemayorwasarrestedafterhetookofficeforlessthanhalfayear.续表会书写会应用4.frightenedadj.受惊的，害怕的→frightenvt.使害怕→frighteningadj.令人害怕的5．curiousadj.好奇的→curiosityn．好奇心6．observationn．观察；观察结果→observevt.观察→observern．观察者7．equaladj.相等的；相同的→equallyadv.平等地→equalityn．平等8．preparationn．预备，准备→preparev．准备→preparedadj.准备好的9．anxiouslyadv.焦虑地；不安地→anxiousadj.焦虑的；不安的→anxietyn．焦虑10．ambitionn．抱负，雄心；追求，夙愿→ambitiousadj.有野心的；有雄心的11．cheerfuladj.高兴的，兴高采烈的→cheerv．欢呼12．distantadj.久远的；遥远的→distancen．距离；远方13．honestyn．坦诚；诚实，正直→honestadj.坦诚的；诚实的14．braveryn．勇气；勇敢的行为→braveadj.勇敢的2.①Hefrightenedtheoldladyintosigningthepaper.②Toseepolicemenwithgunsintheairportforthefirsttimewasfrightening(frighten).3．Whentheoldmanwasmakingthekite,thechildrenwerewatchingwithcuriosity(curious).4．Theexperthasalanguagebarrierinattendingsuchanimportantmeeting,butheshouldbepraisedforhisbravery(brave).5．Iwanttoimprovemylanguageskillsinpreparation(prepare)forfurtherstudyoverseas.Allthecompetitorsmustbefullypreparedtogive(give)thebestperformance.6．(2018·江苏卷改编)AccordingtoLifeinLikes,aschildrengrew,theybecamemoreanxious(anxiety)togetmorepublicapproval.(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)There'stensionandanxiety(anxious)fromthebeginningasNickandAmybattleforyourtrust.Ⅲ.重点短语会书写会应用1.protect...from...保护……免于……2．in__the__direction__of...朝着……的方向3．on__the__edge__of...在……的边缘4．be/become__curious__about...对……感到好奇5．break__down出故障6．run__out__of用完7．be__trapped__in...被困在……中8．in__preparation__for...为……做准备9．be__based__on/upon...以……为根据(基础)10．be__anxious__for/about...担心……11．in__the__distance在远处12．be__made__up__of...由……组成1.Treescanprotectthefieldfromthecoldwind.2．Theresearchteamis__made__up__of10pupils,whoseagesvaryfrom10to15.3．Acrossthestream,amanistryingtoreachouton__the__edge__ofthebankforthefruitwithanetattachedtoapole.4．Hehadtopausefromtimetotimetowipethesweatfromhisforehead,becausetheair­conditioningsystembroke__down．5．Inhighschool,Ibecame__curious__aboutthecomputer,andbuiltmyfirstwebsite.6．Everythingisquiet,apartfromtheoccasionalsoundofacarin__the__distance．7．Somefactoriesarereportedtohavestoppedproduction,havingrun__out__ofrawmaterials.Ⅳ.重点句型会记忆会仿写1.themoment引导时间状语从句ThemomentIheardthewordIbecameveryfrightened.当她看到那个滑稽的年轻人的时候，忍不住笑了起来。Shecouldn'thelplaughingthe__moment__she__saw__that__funny__young__man．2.“the＋比较级．..the＋比较级．..”意为“越……就越……”Thefirst,thelargerthebodieswere,themorerapidlytheyfell.她越鼓励儿子，儿子进步越快。The__moresheencouragedherson,the__fasterheimproved.续表会记忆会仿写3.then放句首句子完全倒装Thencamethetotaldarknessofthepolarwinter.有一会儿什么都没有发生，之后传来了众人齐喊的声音。Foramomentnothinghappened.Then__came__voicesallshoutingtogether.4.“havesb./sth.doingsth.”意为“让某人/某物一直做某事”Hehadteamsofdogspullingthesledgesandallhismenwereonskis.让机器一直运转不是个好主意。Itisnotagoodideatohave__the__machine__running__all__the__time．5.until引导时间状语从句Holdontoyourshelteruntilt