单元知识点归纳及练习题

单元知识点归纳及练习题一、单元核心知识点归纳（一）核心词汇本单元围绕“邻里社区”这一主题，涉及诸多与社区环境、人物职业、日常活动及互助行为相关的词汇。1.名词(Nouns)*职业类：doctor(医生),nurse(护士),teacher(教师),student(学生),worker(工人),farmer(农民),driver(司机),cook(厨师),baker(面包师),shopkeeper(店主),policeman/policewoman(警察),fireman/firewoman(消防员),engineer(工程师),artist(艺术家),musician(音乐家),writer(作家),reporter(记者)*人物与关系类：people(人),person(人),child(孩子,children),family(家庭),parent(父/母),father(父亲),mother(母亲),son(儿子),daughter(女儿),grandfather(祖父/外祖父),grandmother(祖母/外祖母),friend(朋友)*活动与行为类：help(帮助),job(工作),work(工作),problem(问题),answer(答案),question(问题),skill(技能),activity(活动),meeting(会议),visit(拜访),party(聚会),meal(一餐)*其他：volunteer(志愿者),neighbourhood(社区),centre(中心),life(生活),need(需要),hope(希望),future(未来)2.动词(Verbs)*日常行为：live(居住),work(工作),study(学习),help(帮助),do(做),make(制作),cook(烹饪),clean(打扫),wash(洗),fix(修理),mend(修补),buy(买),sell(卖),take(拿,带),bring(带来),carry(搬),see(看见),hear(听见),meet(遇见),visit(拜访),know(知道),think(认为),ask(问),answer(回答),tell(告诉),speak(说),talk(谈话),say(说)*情态动词：can(能,会),can’t(不能,不会),may(可以),must(必须),need(需要)*其他：shall(将要-第一人称),will(将要),would(愿意,将会),like(喜欢),love(爱),want(想要),hope(希望),plan(计划),try(尝试)3.形容词(Adjectives)*描述人：kind(友善的),helpful(乐于助人的),friendly(友好的),good(好的),nice(美好的),polite(有礼貌的),clever(聪明的),hard-working(勤奋的),strong(强壮的),weak(虚弱的),young(年轻的),old(年老的),new(新的),old(旧的)*描述事物/环境：big(大的),small(小的),large(大的),little(小的),new(新的),old(旧的),clean(干净的),dirty(脏的),beautiful(美丽的),ugly(丑陋的),quiet(安静的),noisy(吵闹的),busy(繁忙的),free(空闲的),easy(容易的),difficult(困难的),interesting(有趣的),boring(无聊的)*其他：same(相同的),different(不同的),glad(高兴的),happy(快乐的),sad(悲伤的),sorry(抱歉的),ready(准备好的),able(有能力的)4.副词(Adverbs)*程度与方式：very(非常),too(太),so(如此),quite(相当),really(真正地),also(也),either(也-否定句),always(总是),usually(通常),often(经常),sometimes(有时),never(从不),here(这里),there(那里),home(在家),out(出去),well(好地),fast(快地),slowly(慢地),together(一起)5.介词(Prepositions)*方位介词：in(在…里面),on(在…上面),under(在…下面),behind(在…后面),infrontof(在…前面),nextto(紧挨着),beside(在…旁边),between(在…之间),above(在…上方),below(在…下方),near(在…附近),farfrom(离…远)*其他常用介词：at(在…时刻/地点),on(在…具体某一天),in(在…年/月/季节),for(为了,持续…时间),with(和…一起,用…工具),about(关于),from(从…),to(到…),of(…的),by(通过…方式,乘…交通工具)（二）重点句型1.询问某人职业*Whatdoessb.do?/Whatissb.?/What’ssb.’sjob?*e.g.Whatdoesyourfatherdo?Heisadoctor.2.描述某人能做/不能做某事(can/can’t)*Sb.can/can’tdosth.3.提供帮助与回应*Offeringhelp:CanIhelpyou?/WhatcanIdoforyou?/Letmehelpyou(withsth.).*Responding:Thanks/Thankyou./Yes,please.Ineedhelpwith.../No,thanks.Icanmanageitmyself.4.Therebe句型(表示存在)*Thereis+单数名词/不可数名词+地点状语.*Thereare+复数名词+地点状语.*e.g.Thereisasupermarketnearmyhome.Therearemanyshopsinourneighbourhood.*否定式：Thereisn’t/aren’t...*疑问式：Isthere...?/Arethere...?5.询问地点*Whereis/are...?*e.g.Whereisthepostoffice?It’sonGreenStreet.6.描述某人住在某地*Sb.lives(in/on/at+地点).*e.g.IliveinaflatinCityGarden.7.邀请与应答*Invitation:Wouldyouliketo...?/Let’s...*Response:Yes,I’dloveto./That’sagoodidea./I’msorry,Ican’t.Ihaveto...（三）语法聚焦1.情态动词can/could*can表示“能，会”，指现在的能力或许可。*肯定句：主语+can+动词原形+...*否定句：主语+can’t(cannot)+动词原形+...*疑问句：Can+主语+动词原形+...?*could是can的过去式，表示过去的能力；也可用于现在时，表示委婉的请求或推测。*e.g.IcouldswimwhenIwasfive.(过去能力)Couldyoupleaseopenthedoor?(委婉请求)2.Therebe句型的就近原则*当therebe句型中主语有两个或两个以上时，be动词的形式要与最靠近它的主语在数上保持一致。*e.g.Thereisabookandtwopensonthedesk.Therearetwopensandabookonthedesk.3.方位介词的用法*重点掌握in,on,under,behind,infrontof,nextto,between...and...等表示物体相对位置的介词。4.名词所有格*表示人或事物的所属关系。*单数名词后加’s:Tom’sbook,thegirl’sbag*以s结尾的复数名词后加’:thestudents’classroom,theteachers’office*表示“……的”还可用of短语:thewindowoftheroom,thenameofthedog1.Greetingsandresponses*Goodmorning/afternoon/evening.*Hello!/Hi!*Howareyou?I’mfine,thankyou.Andyou?*Nicetomeetyou.Nicetomeetyoutoo.2.Askingforandgivingdirections*Excuseme,whereisthe...?*It’snextto/opposite/behind...*HowcanIgetto...?3.Offeringandacceptinghelp*CanIhelpyou?/WhatcanIdoforyou?*Thanksalot./That’sverykindofyou.4.Talkingaboutjobsandabilities*Whatdoyoudo?I’ma...*Whatcanyoudo?Ican...二、单元练习题（一）词汇运用(Vocabulary)A)根据句意及首字母或中文提示完成单词。1.Myn_________areverykindandtheyoftenhelpmewithmyproblems.2.Thereisabigs_________nearmyhome.Wecanbuymanythingsthere.3.Myfatherisadoctor.Heworksinah_________.4.Ilikelivinginthis_________(社区)becausepeopleherearefriendly.5.Mr.Liisa_________(工程师).Hecanfixmachines.6.Weneedsome_________(志愿者)tohelpcleanthepark.7.Mymotheroften_________(做饭)deliciousfoodforus.8.Canyou_________(修理)mybicycle?It’sbroken.B)用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1.Therearemany_________(child)playinginthepark.2.Myuncleisa_________(work).Heworksinafactory.3.Ican’tfindmypen.Canyouhelp_________(I)?4.Sheisgoodat_________(sing).Shewantstobeasinger.5.There_________(be)abookandthreepensonthedesk.6.Wouldyoulike_________(go)shoppingwithme?7.Mybrotheroftenhelpsoldpeoplecrosstheroad.Heisvery_________(help).8.Let’s_________(meet)attheschoolgateat8o’clock.（二）句型转换(SentenceTransformation)1.Mymotherisanurse.(对划线部分提问)__________________yourmother_________?2.Hecanplaybasketballwell.(改为否定句)He__________________basketballwell.3.Therearesomebooksontheshelf.(改为一般疑问句)___________________________booksontheshelf?4.Thelibraryisbehindtheschool.(对划线部分提问)__________________thelibrary?5.TheyoftenhelpmewithmyEnglish.(用he作主语改写句子)Heoften__________________with_________English.（三）单项选择(MultipleChoice)()1.—Whatdoesyouruncledo?—Heis_________policeman.A.aB.anC.theD./()2.There_________afootballmatchonTVthisevening.A.isgoingtobeB.aregoingtobeC.wasD.were()3.—_________Iborrowyourpen?—Sure,hereyouare.A.MustB.ShouldC.CanD.Need()4.Myhomeis_________thesecondfloor_________thatbuilding.A.in;onB.on;inC.at;inD.on;at()5.—Thankyouforhelpingme.—_________.()6.Hecan’t_________French.Buthe_________speakEnglish.A.speak;canB.say;canC.speak;can’tD.talk;can()7.Thereisagarden_________myhouse.A.infrontB.infrontofC.frontofD.inthefrontof()8.Let’sgotothe_________toseeafilm.A.libraryB.supermarketC.cinemaD.hospital（四）完形填空(Cloze)Hello,everyone!I’mLucy.Iliveinasmallbutniceneighbourhood.Myneighboursareallvery1._________.Theyoftenhelpeachother.Mr.Wangismynext-doorneighbour.Heisa2._________.Hecanfixmanythings.Ifmybikeisbroken,heoftenhelpsme3._________it.Mrs.Lilivesacrossthestreet.Sheisagood4._________.Sheoftenmakesdeliciouscakesandsharesthemwithus.Ilikemyneighbourhoodverymuch.Ifeelhappytolivehere.()1.A.sadB.helpfulC.newD.young()2.A.teacherB.doctorC.engineerD.farmer()3.A.fixB.buyC.cleanD.wash()4.A.nurseB.cookC.driverD.worker()5.A.centreB.shopC.parkD.school()6.A.workB.studyC.playD.sleepReadthefollowingpassageandchoosethebestanswer.MynameisDavid.IliveinSunflowerGarden.Itisabeautifulneighbourhood.Therearemanytreesandflowersaround.Thereisabigparkinthecentreofourneighbourhood.Ioftengotheretoplayfootballwithmyfriendsonweekends.Nearourneighbourhood,therearesomeshops.Wecanbuyfood,clothesandotherthingsthere.Thereisalsoahospital.Ifweareill,wecangotheretoseeadoctor.Ilovemyneighbourhood.It’sagoodplacetolive.()1.WheredoesDavidlive?A.InSunflowerPark.B.InSunflowerGarden.C.Inabigcity.D.Inasmallvillage.()2.WhatisinthecentreofDavid’sneighbourhood?A.Aschool.B.Ahospital.C.Apark.D.Alibrary.()3.WhatdoesDavidoftendointhepark?A.Readbooks.B.Playfootball.C.Buyfood.D.Seeadoctor.(