主题26　主要国家地理概况

主题语境三人与自然主题群七自然生态主题26主要国家地理概况对接教材人教版选择性必修第二册Unit4Journeyacrossavastland;选择性必修第四册Unit2Iconicattractions说明:本主题词汇来源于各版本相同主题单元词汇以及课标中同主题词汇【主题语料·分类群记】一、地理特征、自然景观1.altituden. 海拔(高度)2.awesomeadj. 令人惊叹的;可怕的;很好的3.basinn. 盆地;盆,洗脸盆;流域4.bordern. 国界;边界(地区)5.climaten. 气候;倾向;风气6.containvt. 包含,容纳;控制containern. 容器;集装箱7.continentn. 大洲;大陆continentaladj. 大洲的;大陆的8.contraryn. 相反的事实adj. 相反的;截然不同的contrarilyadv. 相反地;反之9.covervt. 遮盖;覆盖;包括;涉及;处理;报道;足以支付n. 掩护;覆盖物;封面coveragen. 新闻报道;覆盖范围10.desertn. 沙漠;荒原vt. 遗弃;抛弃;放弃desertificationn. (土地的)沙漠化11.dimensionn. 方面,侧面;规模,程度12.domesticadj. 国内的,本国的;家用的,家庭的13.earthquaken. 地震14.ecosystemn. 生态系统15.environmentn. 自然环境,生态环境;周围状况environmentaladj. 环境的,周围的;有关环境的16.grandadj. 宏伟的;壮丽的;宏大的17.landscapen. 乡村风景画;风景,景色18.oceann. 大海;海洋19.plainn. 平原adj. 朴素的;简单的;清楚的20.plateaun. 高原21.polaradj. 极地的,来自极地的22.rangen. 山脉;一系列;范围vi. 包括;(在一定范围内)变化23.regionn. 地区,区域24.ruraladj. 农村的,乡村的;有乡村特色的25.shockn. 震惊;令人震惊的事;休克vt. 使震惊shockingadj. 令人震惊的shockedadj. 感到震惊的26.shoren. (海、湖、河等的)岸27.splendidadj. 极好的;壮丽的;辉煌的28.suburbn. 郊区,近郊,城郊29.temperaturen. 温度,气温;体温30.transportn. 运输;搬运;交通运输系统;交通工具vt. 运输;输送;搬运transportationn. 运输;交通运输系统;运输工具31.tropicaladj. 热带的;来自热带的32.valleyn. 山谷33.viewn. 看法;视线;景色vt. 把……视为;观看34.volcanon. 火山35.zonen. 地区,地带二、民族、人民1.citizenshipn. 公民身份;公民资格;公民义务citizenn. 市民,城镇居民;公民,国民2.civiladj. 有礼貌的;公民的;民用的civiliann. 平民,百姓(区别于军、警)adj. 平民的,民用的civilizationn. 文明3.ethnicadj. 具有民族特色的;异国风味的;民族的;种族的4.massn. 团;堆;许多,大量;群众,平民百姓massiveadj. 巨大的;非常严重的5.minorityn. 少数派;少数minoradj. 次要的;较小的6.nationalityn. 族,民族;国籍7.racialadj. 种族的;人种的racen. 种族,人种;赛事,赛跑vt.&vi. 使参加比赛;和……竞赛;疾走8.residentn. 居民,住户9.treatvt. 治疗;对待n. 款待;乐事treatmentn. 治疗;疗法;对待方式三、主题词块1.coveranareaof 占地面积为……2.takeonanewlook 呈现新面貌3.haveapopulationof 有……人口4.inthedistance 在远处5.dryup 枯竭;耗尽;干涸6.astringof 一串7.attheedgeof 在……的边缘8.behometo 为……的所在地;是……的家乡9.aflockof 一群10.consistof 由……组成(或构成)11.ahandfulof 少数人(或物);一把(的量)12.incontactwith 保持联系;有联系13.owesthtosb 欠(某人情);把……归功于某人14.beimpressedwith... 对……印象深刻15.asfaras 远到……16.besurroundedby/with 为……所包围;环绕17.bewellknownfor/as 因为/作为……而出名18.takesb’sbreathaway 令人惊叹;使某人大吃一惊四、主题佳句1.过去分词短语作状语Locatedtothesouthoftheequator,belowmanyothercountriesontheglobe,it’softeninformallyreferredtoas“downunder”.(澳大利亚)位于赤道以南,在地球上很多其他国家的下方,它常被非正式地称为“downunder”。2.can’twaittodosth迫不及待地去做某事AutumnisthetouristpeakseasoninYunnanProvince,soIcan’twaittoenjoyitsbeautifulscenery.秋天是云南省的旅游旺季,因此我迫不及待地去欣赏它美丽的风景。3.不定式短语作目的状语Tosurviveinthisvastlandontheocean,theAborigineshadtobeinclosecontactwithnature.为了在这片广阔的海洋陆地上生存,土著居民必须与大自然保持密切联系。4.动词-ing形式短语作主语Forsomepeople,climbingQomolangmaisanexperiencelikenoother,makingsomefeelweakandothers,powerful.对于一些人来说,攀登珠穆朗玛峰是一项独一无二的体验,会使一些人感到脆弱,而使另一些人感到强大。【课堂小结·多维练透】(限时15分钟)Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.Theprogramaimstohelpstudentsdevelopscienceskills,environmental(environment)awareness,andhealthylifestyles.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)2.Theycouldnotaffordtopayfortransportation(transport)fortheirdog,Tiffy,anddesperatelywantedtotakeherwiththem.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)3.Plasticplates,cupsandcontainers(contain)takeup25percentto30percentofspaceinAmerica’slandfills.4.Lindawassoshocked(shock)thatshestoppedsuddenlyandthecarbehindcrashedintohers.5.Someminority(minor)communitiessticktotheextendedfamilystructure,anditiscommontofindthatthreegenerationsarelivingtogetherinanIndianfamily.6.Thenewsthatlargenumbersofcivilians(civil)werekilledintheairstrikeswasgivenoutthroughtheradio.7.Healsogiveslecturesaboutthefightagainstdesertification(desert)atschoolsofAlshaaLeague,hopingtoraiseawarenessamongyoungpeople.8.Chinahas24.02percentofitsterritorycoveredbyforestandtopsthefifthgloballyintermsofforestresourcecoverage(cover).Ⅱ.语境辨义1.选出view的汉语意思A.n.景色;风景B.n.视野C.n.观点;见解;看法D.vt.观看;观赏E.vt.看待;对待①Also,peoplearen’twillingtochangetheirviewsaboutfoodandnutritionasthereissomuchconfusinginformationonline.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)C②Thereisnodoubtthatthesemountainsareasplendidsightwhenviewedfromthevalleyfloor.D③Youcanviewthesepracticesasatoolboxmeanttoaidyoureffortstobuildaminimalistlifestylethatworksforyourparticularcircumstances.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)E④BreathtakingviewsofthelowlandsofCarlowcanbeenjoyedinthepresenceofwelcomingguidesfromlocalwalkingclubs.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)A⑤Thesedays,safetyregulations—nottomentionthemodernsportsfan’sdesireforagoodviewandacomfortableseat—tendtokeepstadiumcapacities(容量)slightlylower.(2021·全国乙卷)B2.猜测句中加黑词汇的词性和汉语意思①Asinglesugarytreat,selectedbythechild,wasplacedonatable.(2024·浙江1月卷)n.款待②Atthesightofthefascinatingscenery,Icouldn’tcontainmyexcitementanylonger.vt.控制③Hedesertedhiswifeandchildrenandwentabroad.vt.抛弃;离弃④Herhusbandworkedtwojobstocoverthebills,andher68-year-oldmotherhelpedtakecareofthechildrenattimes.(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)vt.足以支付;够付Ⅲ.补全句子1.TheBaltimoreMuseumofArtishometoaninternationally-renownedcollectionof19th-century,modern,andcontemporaryart.

巴尔的摩艺术博物馆收藏着国际知名的19世纪、现代和当代艺术作品。2.TheytookataxitoLakeLouise,wherethebluewaterliterallytooktheirbreathaway.

他们乘出租车去了露易丝湖,那里的蓝色湖水简直让他们惊叹不已。3.Therelookingaroundinthedistance,youwillbeastonishedtofindyourselfadmiringthefantasticviewsofbeautybeyondbeautyandscenerybeyondscenery.

在那里远眺,你会惊讶地发现自己正在欣赏着超越美丽的美景和超越风景的风景。4.Brazilcoversanareaofaround8.51millionsquarekilometers,withvastrainforestsanddiverseecosystems.

巴西占地面积约为851万平方千米,拥有广袤的雨林和多样的生态系统。5.Seenfromthetrainwindow,themountainsandforestsofCanadalookedveryspectacular.(过去分词短语作状语)

从火车窗口望去,加拿大的山脉和森林看起来非常壮观。6.Toenjoyawholenewlifeinabigcity,theyoungmanwentaboardtheplaneboundforToronto.(不定式短语作目的状语)

为了在大城市享受全新的生活,这个年轻人登上了飞往多伦多的飞机。【默写主题单词】一、地理特征、自然景观1.altituden. 海拔(高度)2.awesomeadj. 令人惊叹的;可怕的;很好的3.basinn. 盆地;盆,洗脸盆;流域4.bordern. 国界;边界(地区)5.climaten. 气候;倾向;风气6.containvt. 包含,容纳;控制containern. 容器;集装箱7.continentn. 大洲;大陆continentaladj. 大洲的;大陆的8.contraryn. 相反的事实adj. 相反的;截然不同的contrarilyadv. 相反地;反之9.covervt. 遮盖;覆盖;包括;涉及;处理;报道;足以支付n. 掩护;覆盖物;封面coveragen. 新闻报道;覆盖范围10.desertn. 沙漠;荒原vt. 遗弃;抛弃;放弃desertificationn. (土地的)沙漠化11.dimensionn. 方面,侧面;规模,程度12.domesticadj. 国内的,本国的;家用的,家庭的13.earthquaken. 地震14.ecosystemn. 生态系统15.environmentn. 自然环境,生态环境;周围状况environmentaladj. 环境的,周围的;有关环境的16.grandadj. 宏伟的;壮丽的;宏大的17.landscapen. 乡村风景画;风景,景色18.oceann. 大海;海洋19.plainn. 平原adj. 朴素的;简单的;清楚的20.plateaun. 高原21.polaradj. 极地的,来自极地的22.rangen. 山脉;一系列;范围vi. 包括;(在一定范围内)变化23.regionn. 地区,区域24.ruraladj. 农村的,乡村的;有乡村特色的25.shockn. 震惊;令人震惊的事;休克vt. 使震惊shockingadj. 令人震惊的shockedadj. 感到震惊的26.shoren. (海、湖、河等的)岸27.splendidadj. 极好的;壮丽的;辉煌的28.suburbn. 郊区,近郊,城郊29.temperaturen. 温度,气温;体温30.transportn. 运输;搬运;交通运输系统;交通工具vt. 运输;输送;搬运transportationn. 运输;交通运输系统;运输工具31.tropicaladj. 热带的;来自热带的32.valleyn. 山谷33.viewn. 看法;视线;景色vt. 把……视为;观看34.volcanon. 火山35.zonen. 地区,地带二、民族、人民1.citizenshipn. 公民身份;公民资格;公民义务citizenn. 市民,城镇居民;公民,国民2.civiladj. 有礼貌的;公民的;民用的civiliann. 平民,百姓(区别于军、警)adj. 平民的,民用的civilizationn. 文明3.ethnicadj. 具有民族特色的;异国风味的;民族的;种族的4.massn. 团;堆;许多,大量;群众,平民百姓massiveadj. 巨大的;非常严重的5.minorityn. 少数派;少数minoradj. 次要的;较小的6.nationalityn. 族,民族;国籍7.racialadj. 种族的;人种的racen. 种族,人种;赛事,赛跑vt.&vi. 使参加比赛;和……竞赛;疾走8.residentn. 居民,住户9.treatvt. 治疗;对待n. 款待;乐事treatmentn. 治疗;疗法;对待方式【默写主题词块】1.coveranareaof 占地面积为……

2.takeonanewlook 呈现新面貌

3.haveapopulationof 有……人口

4.inthedistance 在远处

5.dryup 枯竭;耗尽;干涸

6.astringof 一串

7.attheedgeof 在……的边缘

8.behometo 为……的所在地;是……的家乡

9.aflockof 一群

10.consistof 由……组成(或构成)

11.ahandfulof 少数人(或物);一把(的量)

12.incontactwith 保持联系;有联系

13.owesthtosb 欠(某人情);把……归功于某人

14.beimpressedwith... 对……印象深刻

15.asfaras 远到……

16.besurroundedby/with 为……所包围;环绕

17.bewellknownfor/as 因为/作为……而出名

18.takesb’sbreathaway 令人惊叹;使某人大吃一惊【默写主题佳句】1.Locatedtothesouthoftheequator,belowmanyothercountriesontheglobe,it’softeninformallyreferredtoas“downunder”.(过去分词短语作状语)

(澳大利亚)位于赤道以南,在地球上很多其他国家的下方,它常被非正式地称为“downunder”。2.AutumnisthetouristpeakseasoninYunnanProvince,soIcan’twaittoenjoyitsbeautifulscenery.(can’twaittodosth)

秋天是云南省的旅游旺季,因此我迫不及待地去欣赏它美丽的风景。3.Tosurviveinthisvastlandontheocean,theAborigineshadtobeinclosecontactwithnature.(不定式短语作目的状语)

为了在这片广阔的海洋陆地上生存,土著居民必须与大自然保持密切联系。4.Forsomepeople,climbingQomolangmaisanexperiencelikenoother,makingsomefeelweakandothers,powerful.(动词-ing形式短语作主语)

对于一些人来说,攀登珠穆朗玛峰(Qomolangma)是一项独一无二的体验,会使一些人感到脆弱,而使另一些人感到强大。1.containvt.包含;含有;容纳;克制;控制(containern.容器;集装箱;货柜)先运用单句语法填空/补全句子①Itcontains(contain)around163,000words,pluswordcombinationsandidiomaticphrases.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)②Whentherewasnoresearchequipment,theyhadtoextractherbsusinghouseholdwatercontainers(contain).③Atthesightofthemessyroom,mymothercouldnotcontainheranger,yellingatus.(情绪描写)

看到凌乱的房间,我妈妈抑制不住自己的愤怒,冲着我们大吼起来。后牢记用法归纳containoneself 克制自己containone’sexcitement/anger 抑制某人的激动/愤怒2.coverv.覆盖,掩盖;包含,包括;走完(一段路程);报道;足够支付n.遮盖物;封面;自然植被(coveragen.覆盖范围;报道uncoverv.揭开;揭发)先运用单句语法填空/补全句子①Covering(cover)12squarekilometers,theSanxingduiRuinsarebelievedtoberemainsoftheancientShuKingdom.②Soonthelandwasallwhite,likeabeautifulblanket,andthetreeswerecoveredwith/bywhitequilts.

很快,大地就变成了白色,就像一张美丽的毯子,树上盖满了白色的被子。③Arrangedontheschoolplaygroundfrom8:30amto4:30pmonApril19th,theactivitywillcovermanydifferentfields.(通知)

活动将于4月19日上午8时30分至下午4时30分在学校操场举行,活动将涉及多个不同的领域。后牢记用法归纳cover...with... 用……覆盖……becoveredwith/by 被……覆盖coveranareaof... 占地……coverthecostof... 足够支付……的费用3.rangen.一系列;范围,界限;种类;山脉vi.包括;(在一定范围内)变化先运用单句语法填空/补全句子①Whendrivingonhighways,thedrivershouldcontrolhisorherspeedwithin/intherangeof60km/hto120km/h.②Withthestadiumsetup,awiderangeofsportseventsareabletobeheld,whichrangefrom/rangingfromping-pong,footballtorunningcompetitions.

随着这个体育场的落成,各种体育赛事得以举行,包括从乒乓球、足球到赛跑等。后牢记用法归纳(1)afull/widerangeof... 大范围的……,各种……in/withintherangeof... 在射程以内;在……范围内outof/beyondrangeof... 在射程以外;在……范围外(2)rangefrom...to.../rangebetween...and... 包括从……到……之间;在……到……之间变动4.shockvt.使震惊n.震惊;令人震惊的事;休克(shockedadj.感到震惊的shockingadj.令人震惊的)先运用单句语法填空/句式升级①InherfirstP.E.class,Evawasshocked(shock)whenCoachPittannouncedthateveryonehadtorunonemilearoundthetrackoutside.(2024·浙江1月卷)②Iwasshockedtohear(hear)thenewsthathiscargotcrashedtheotherdayseriously.Thenewswasashocktous.

③Thebeartoreaholeinthefenceandputhisheadin.ElliandIwereshocked.(2020·浙江7月卷)→Thebeartoreaholeinthefenceandputhisheadin,whichshockedElliandme/whichmadeElliandmeshocked.(定语从句)

→WhatshockedElliandmewasthatthebeartoreaholeinthefenceandputhisheadin.(主语从句)

后牢记用法归纳(1)beashockto... 对……而言是一件震惊的事inshock 吃惊;震惊(2)beshockedatsth/that... 对……感到震惊beshockedtodosth 因做某事而感到震惊5.viewn.风景;视野;看法;见解vt.观看;看待(viewern.观众,观看者)先运用单句语法填空/补全句子①Frommypointofview,thefilmindustryinChinashouldmakegreatereffortstoattractmoreviewers(view).②ApersonwhoinheritsthespiritofLeiFenganddoeswhatheusedtodointhepresentsocietyisviewedasa“livingLeiFeng”.(2023·天津3月卷)

一个继承雷锋精神,在当今社会做他过去常做的事的人,被视为“活雷锋”。③AstothegroupingforthecomingoralEnglishpractice,Iholdtheviewthatitisnotwisetoassignstudentsrandomly.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)

关于即将进行的英语口语练习的分组,我认为随机分配学生是不明智的。④Inviewoftheweathercondition,we’dbetterchangeourarrangementsoastohaveabetterviewofthecastle.

考虑到天气状况,我们最好改变一下安排,以便能更好地看到城堡。后牢记用法归纳(1)inone’sview=fromone’spointofview 在某人看来inviewof 考虑到;鉴于haveagoodviewof... 清楚地看到;饱览holdtheviewof/that... 持有……观点(2)view...as... 把……看作……6.massadj.大量的;大规模的n.团,块,堆;大量;(物理学术语)质量(massiveadj.巨大的;结实的;非常严重的)先运用单句语法填空/补全句子①Themassesare(be)oftenthemakersofhistoryandtheyarealsothemakersofpeople’swell-being.②Inconclusion,thesemassive(mass)developmentsintransportationhavesignificantlyenhancedourqualityoflifeanddemonstratedthegreatpowerofscience.(2024·全国甲卷)③Somepeoplemaythinkthatagardenisnomorethanplants,flowers,patternsandmassesofcolors.

有些人可能认为花园无非就是植物、花卉、图案和大量的颜色。后牢记用法归纳themasses 群众amassof/massesof 许多,大量7.treatn.乐趣;款待vt.对待;治疗;招待;款待(treatmentn.治疗;对待;处理)先运用单句语法填空/补全句子①Hebecameinterestedinalternativetreatments(treat)20yearsagowhenhesufferedfromterriblebackpain.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)②Toourgreatrelief,thepatientsareundergoodtreatmentinthecentralhospital.③AtthemomentItreattheEnglishnewspaperYouthasmyloyalfriend.(短文投稿;2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)

现在我把英文报Youth当作我忠诚的朋友。④Iappealtoallthepeopletotreatthedisabledwithrespectbecauseallarebornequal.(倡议书)

我呼吁所有人尊敬地对待残疾人,因为所有人生而平等。后牢记用法归纳(1)treatsb/sthas... 把某人/某物看作……treatsbtosth 用……招待某人,以……款待某人treatsbwith... 以……方式对待某人(2)undertreatment 在治疗中8.consistof由……组成先运用单句语法填空/补全句子①Recently,anewly-furnishedsection,consisting(consist)ofeightGroupLearningRooms,hasbeenopentousstudentsinourschoollibrary.(邀请信;2022·浙江6月卷)②Bearinmindthatlifeconsistsof/iscomposedof/ismadeupofnotonlysunshinebutalsostorms.(主旨升华)

记住,生活不仅只有阳光,还有暴风雨。后牢记用法归纳(1)bemadeupof/becomposedof 由……组成(2)consistin=liein 存在于;在于consistwith 与……一致/相吻合[点拨]consistof、belongto、comeintobeing、datebackto、datefrom等几个短语都不能用于被动语态和进行时态。9.动词-ing形式短语作主语Forsomepeople,climbingQomolangmaisanexperiencelikenoother,makingsomefeelweakandothers,powerful.对于一些人来说,攀登珠穆朗玛峰是一项独一无二的体验,会使一些人感到脆弱,而使另一些人感到强大。先运用补全句子/补全语段①Discoveringnewnaturallandscapesisanexcitingadventureformanytravelers.

发现新的自然景观对许多旅行者来说是一场激动人心的冒险。②Inmyopinion,itisawasteoftimestayinginthehotelalldayduringatrip.

在我看来,旅行期间整天呆在酒店里是浪费时间。③Hisfailingintheexamagainmadehimashamedandhehungdownhisheadinshame.(心理描写)

他考试又不及格使他很羞愧,他羞愧地低着头。④Beinglostintheforestmademyheartinmymouth.ButIknewthatitwasnousefeelingfrightenedandfindingmywayoutoftheforestwaswhatImustdorightnow.(心理描写)

在森林中迷路使我的心提到了嗓子眼。但是我知道感到害怕是没用的,找到走出森林的路才是我现在必须做的事情。后牢记用法归纳climbingQomolangma在句中为动词-ing形式短语作主语。动词-ing形式短语作主语还有以下情况:(1)it作形式主语:Itisuseless/nouse/nogooddoingsth 做某事没用Itisawasteoftimedoingsth 做某事浪费时间(2)动词-ing形式的复合结构“名词所有格/形容词性物主代词+doing”作主语[应用文增分练]——介绍自己的家乡根据提示,用本主题词汇或句式完成下面的写作。假如你是李华,你的朋友Jack要来你的家乡参观,请你根据下列要点写一篇电子邮件回复,介绍你的家乡。1.自然环境(绿水青山,环境优美);2.人文环境(交通便利,生活和谐);3.表示欢迎。DearJack,I’mverygladtohearthatyouaregoingtopayavisittomyhometown.Now,I’dliketotellyousomethingaboutit.Myhometown1.islocatedinavalley(位于一个山谷之中),surroundedbygrandmountainsandcoveredwithdenseforests.Theclearriversflowgentlythroughthetown,2.creatinganecosystemthatisrichinbiodiversity(形成了一个生物多样性丰富的生态系统;现在分词短语作状语;定语从句).Thelandscapehereissimplyawesome,withnaturalbeautyeverywhere.Inthedistance,themountainpeaksseemtotouchthesky,takingyourbreathaway.

Thetown3.hasawell-developedtransportationsystem(有着发达的交通系统),whichmakesiteasyforresidentstotravel.Thepeopleherearecivilandfriendly.Weliveinharmonyanditisaplace4.whereethnicculturesmixtogether(民族文化交融;定语从句).

Isincerelywelcomeyoutovisitmyhometown.I’msureyou’llhaveagreattimehere.Yourssincerely,LiHua[读后续写提升练]——根据提示续写2场景场景导语:Arnold和Iris想要收养Patrick这个孤儿,虽然他们是Patrick唯一愿意接触的夫妇,但儿童之家的负责人认为他们的经济水平不足以支撑孩子的费用,于是拒绝了他们的收养申请→为Patrick寻找到了他的姑姑→决定和Patrick见面,意识到Patrick需要一个温暖的家庭……场景续写1:Arnold和Iris并没有放弃→他们努力赚钱,学习育儿知识,定期去探望Patrick→邀请Patrick和他姑姑去他们家做客,Patrick感觉自己被当作家人Leavingthechildren’shome,thecoupledecidedtocontinuetotakegoodcareofPatrickwhileworkinghardtoearnmoney.Theyfoundpart-timejobsintheirsparetime.Besides,theylookedthroughbookseveryday,tryingtogetinformationabouthowtotakegoodcareofchildren.ArnoldandIrisconstantlycontactedPatrick’saunttolearnaboutPatrick.Theywenttoseehimoccasionallyinspiteoftheirbusylife.Onceinawhile,thecoupleinvitedPatrickandhisaunttotheirhome,wherePatrickfeltthathewastreatedasthefamilymember.

场景续写2:Patrick的姑姑因为工作变动而不能继续抚养他了→这对夫妇又去申请收养Patrick→儿童之家的负责人认为他们的条件满足收养要求,他们顺利收养了Patrick→他们一家过着幸福的生活Oneday,theyheardPatrick’sauntcouldnolongerlookafterhimduetoworkchange.Thecoupleappliedtothechildren’shomeagaintoadoptPatrick.Mrs.RonaldrecheckedArnoldandIris’scondition.Thistime,sheconfirmedthatthiscouplewerequalified.Onasunnyafternoon,acarstoppedinfrontofthecouple’shouse,outofwhichcamePatrick.Thelittleboyrantothem.Thecouplewelcomedthenewmemberofthefamilywithgreathugs.Fromthenon,theylivedtogetherhappily.

(2022·全国甲卷)AsGinniBazlintonreachedAntarctica,shefoundherselfgreetedbyagroupoflittleGentoopenguins(企鹅)longingtosayhello.Thesegentle,lovelygatekeeperswelcomedherandkick-startedwhatwastobeatripGinniwouldneverforget.Eversinceherchildhood,Ginni,now71,hashadadeeplovefortravel.Throughouthercareer(职业)asaprofessionaldancer,shetouredintheUK,butalwayslongedtoexplorefurther.Whensheretiredfromdancingandhersonseventuallyflewthenest,shedecideditwastimetotaketheplunge.

AftertakingadegreeatChichesterUniversityinRelatedArts,Ginnibegantotraveltheworld,eventuallygettingworkteachingEnglishinJapanandChile.AnditwasinChileshediscoveredshecouldgetlast-minutecheapdealsonshipsgoingtoAntarcticafromtheislandsoffTierradelFuego,thesouthernmosttipoftheSouthAmericanmainland.“IjustdecidedIwantedtogo,”shesays.“IhadnoideaaboutwhatI’dfindthereandIwasn’tnervous,Ijustwantedtodoit.AndIwantedtodoitaloneasIalwayspreferitthatway.”InMarch2008,Ginniboardedashipwith48passengersshe’dnevermetbefore,tobeginthejourneytowardsAntarctica.“Fromseeingthewildlifetowitnessingsunrises,thewholeexperiencewasamazing.Antarcticaleftanimpressiononmethatnootherplacehas,”Ginnisays.“IrememberthefirsttimeIsawahumpbackwhale;itjustroseoutofthewaterlikesomeprehistoriccreatureandIthoughtitwassmilingatus.Youcouldstillheartheoperaticsoundsitwasmakingunderwater.”Therealizationthatthisisapreciousland,toberespectedbyhumans,wasoneofthebiggestthingsthathithometoGinni.语篇类型:记叙文主题语境:人与自然——自然生态——南极洲之旅。28.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“taketheplunge”underlinedinparagraph2?A.Trychallengingthings.B.Takeadegree.C.Bringbacklostmemories.D.Sticktoapromise.答案A[词义猜测题。根据画线部分所在句的上一句中的“butalwayslongedtoexplorefurther”可知,GinniBazlinton一直渴望探索更远的地方,这说明她想尝试有挑战性的事情,故选A项。]29.WhatmadeGinnidecideonthetriptoAntarctica?A.Lovelypenguins.B.Beautifulscenery.C.Adiscountfare.D.Afriend’sinvitation.答案C[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“AnditwasinChileshediscoveredshecouldgetlast-minutecheapdealsonshipsgoingtoAntarcticafromtheislandsoffTierradelFuego...‘IjustdecidedIwantedtogo,’shesays.”可知,她决定要去南极洲是因为在智利,她发现她能买到驶往南极洲的最后一刻的廉价船票,故选C项。]30.WhatdoesGinnithinkaboutAntarcticaafterthejourney?A.Itcouldbeahomeforher.B.Itshouldbeeasilyaccessible.C.Itshouldbewellpreserved.D.Itneedstobefullyintroduced.答案C[细节理解题。根据最后一段内容可知,Ginni意识到这片珍贵的土地应该被人类尊重,即认为南极洲应该得到很好的保护,故选C项。]31.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Achildhooddream.B.Anunforgettableexperience.C.Sailingaroundtheworld.D.MeetinganimalsinAntarctica.答案B[文章大意题。通读全文,尤其是第一段的最后一句“Thesegentle,lovelygatekeeperswelcomedherandkick-startedwhatwastobeatripGinniwouldneverforget.”可知,南极洲之旅是Ginni永不会忘记的旅途,故选B项。][理文脉][再利用](一)由文本积重点词汇1.professionaladj. 职业的,专业的2.explorev. 考察,探索;探讨,探究3.preferv. 更喜欢4.witnessv. 目击,目睹;见证,经历(事件、变化等)5.amazingadj. 惊人的6.operaticadj. 歌剧的;歌剧风格的7.realizationn. 认识,领悟;(目标等的)实现8.retirefrom 从……退休9.taketheplunge 决定冒险一试10.leaveanimpressionon 给……留下印象11.riseoutof 从……中升起12.someprehistoriccreature 某种史前生物13.smileat 对……微笑(二)由文本辨熟词生义long[熟义]adj.长的;长久的,长期的[生义]v.渴望I’mlongingtoseeyouagain.(三)由文本学长难句分析Thesegentle,lovelygatekeeperswelcomedherandkick-startedwhatwastobeatripGinniwouldneverforget.分析:本句为复合句。whatwastobeatrip为what引导的宾语从句;Ginniwouldneverforget为省略关系词that/which的定语从句,修饰trip。句意:这些温柔可爱的接待员们迎接了Ginni,并开启了她终生难忘的一次旅行。Ⅰ.阅读理解(2025·广州高三冲刺训练)Somebeachesareperfectforrelaxing,whileothersofferactivitieslikehikingandwatersports.Visitthesebeautifulbeachesforanunforgettablevacation.CannonBeachIfyourperfectbeachvacationspotfeaturespostcard-worthysceneryandpeace,looknofurtherthanCannonBeach.InthisPacificNorthwesttown,youcanevenbuildafireonthebeachtorelaxbesidewhilewatchingthesunset.Whenyouneedabreakfromthebeach,grababikeandheaddowntowntoexploreitsartgalleries,shopsandrestaurants.HorseshoeBayBeachForaone-of-a-kindbeachexperience,headtoHorseshoeBayBeachonBermuda’sSouthShore.Knownforitspinksand,thisbeachisapopulardestinationforfamilieslookingtoplayinthecalmblue-greenwatersandbuildblush-coloredsandcastles.Adventureseekerscanalsotakepartintheself-guidedislandbicycletourorengageinexcitingwatersports.MoheganBluffsThisbeachisfamousforitsnaturalbeauty.Uponarrival,pausetoadmireyoursurroundingsandlearnaboutitstiestothenativepeople,theirancienttraditions,andconnectiontotheland,addingdepthtoyourbeachexperience.Then,takethe141stepsdowntothesandtosunbathe.Afterthat,climbbackuptovisittheSoutheastLightforanup-closeviewofits19th-centurylighthouse.SouthBeachThistropicaldistrictonFlorida’sAtlanticCoastisworld-renownedforitspowderywhitesand.AlthoughtechnicallypartoftheMiamiBeacharea,SouthBeachstandsoutduetoitsArtDecoarchitectureseenineverythingfromthebeachfrontlifeguardtowerstothehigh-risebuildingsalongthefamedOceanDrive.语篇类型:应用文主题语境:人与自然——国家地理概况——美丽的海滩1.WhatsimilaritydoCannonBeachandHorseshoeBayBeachshare?A.Thechancetocyclearound.B.Theirlivelyartisticscene.C.Theuniquewatersports.D.Theirdistinctivesandcolor.答案A[细节理解题。根据CannonBeach部分中的“Whenyouneedabreak...toexploreitsartgalleries,shopsandrestaurants.”和HorseshoeBayBeach部分中的“Adventureseekerscanalsotakepartin...excitingwatersports.”可知,两个海滩的相似之处是都谈到了可以骑自行车四处游览,故选A项。]2.WhoismostlikelyattractedtoMoheganBluffs?A.Thoseseekingwatersports.B.Fansofmodernlighthouses.C.Thoseinterestedinlocalculture.D.Enthusiastsofmountainclimbing.答案C[推理判断题。根据MoheganBluffs部分中的“Uponarrival,pausetoadmireyoursurroundings...addingdepthtoyourbeachexperience.”可推知,对当地文化感兴趣的人最有可能被莫希干断崖所吸引,故选C项。]3.WhatsetsSouthBeachapartfromtherestoftheMiamiBeacharea?A.Itsbeachsand.B.Itsarchitecturalstyle.C.Itsoceandrive.D.Itshigh-risebuildings.答案B[细节理解题。根据SouthBeach部分中的“AlthoughtechnicallypartoftheMiamiBeacharea...tothehigh-risebuildingsalongthefamedOceanDrive.”可知,南海滩因其装饰艺术建筑而引人注目,海滨的救生塔和海洋大道沿线著名的高层建筑物都随处可见。由此可知,南海滩因其建筑风格脱颖而出,故选B项。](2025·沈阳高三质量监测三)TheSaharaistheworld’slargestandmostmagicdesert,butknowledgeaboutitissurprisinglylimited.Evenestimatesofwhenitformedvarywidely,frommorethanfivemillionyearsagotomerethousands.Now,however,geologistsstudyingwind-carriedSaharandustontheCanaryIslandshavecomeclosertosettlingthis:itis,theyreport,closetofivemillionyearsold.OnereasonfortheuncertaintyovertheSahara’sageisthatresearchersusedifferentmethodstoestimateit.Theseincludestudyingdesertdustfoundinsediment(沉积物)undertheAtlanticOcean,analyzingsandstoneandmodelingtheancientclimate.Tohelpsettletheuncertainty,DanielMuhs,geomorphologistoftheUSGeologicalSurvey,andhiscolleagueslookedatsedimentonSpain’sCanaryIslands.TheyfoundevidenceofSaharandust.Thedustappearedinancientsoillayers(层),whoseagetheyassessedonthebasisoffossils(化石)foundinthesamelayers—andthatageagreedwiththeearliermarinesedimentstudies.TheresearchersreportedtheirfindingsinNovemberinPalaeogeography,Palaeoclimatology,Palaeoecology.

“Theconclusionofthestudyisverygood,”saysZhongshiZhang,aclimatemodelerattheUniversityofBergeninNorway,whowasnotinvolvedinthework.“Becausethedustfoundontheislandsisdistinctfromtheocean’srecord,”Zhangadds,“ithelpstobuildthecaseforafive-million-yearage.”TheSaharaisthebiggestsourceofwind-carrieddustintheworld—andthatdust’sjourneydoesnotendintheCanaryIslands,whichliejustoffthewesterncoastofAfrica.ItcontinuesontoplacessuchastheAmazonrainforestinSouthAmerica,Danielnotes.Amazonsoilsarepoorinnutrients,andhesaysthenewresultshelptoshowhowrichdustfromAfricacouldhavebeensupportingtheSouthAmericanregion’sincrediblebiodiversityformillionsofyears—addingtotheAmazon’sownoriginstory.语篇类型:说明文主题语境:人与自然——自然科学研究成果——估算撒哈拉沙漠形成时间4.HowdidDanielsettletheformationtimeoftheSahara?A.BymodelingtheancientclimateinSpain’sislands.B.BystudyingthedesertdustundertheAtlanticOcean.C.Byassessingtheageofthedustinancientsoillayers.D.Byanalyzingthewind-carriedsandstoneintheSahara.答案C[细节理解题。根据第二段的后半段可知,为了帮助解决对撒哈拉沙漠的形成时间不确定性,Daniel和他的同事研究了西班牙加那利群岛的沉积物,在那里他们发现了撒哈拉沙漠尘土的证据,这种尘土出现在古代的土壤层中。他们以同一个土壤层发现的化石为根据,评估尘土的年龄,发现其年龄与早期的海洋沉积物的研究结果相吻合。由此可知,Daniel通过评估古代土壤层中尘土的年龄来确定撒哈拉沙漠的形成时间,故选C。]5.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“theirfindings”inparagraph2referto?A.Theappearanceofthedust.B.Theformationoftwolayers.C.TheageoftheSaharandust.D.Theagreementoftwolayers.答案C[推理判断题。根据第二段中的“TheyfoundevidenceofSaharandust...thatageagreedwiththeearliermarinesedimentstudies.”,再结合第4题答案可知,Daniel通过评估古土壤层中尘土的年龄来确定撒哈拉沙漠的形成时间,由此可知,“theirfindings”指代上文提及的“撒哈拉尘土的年龄”,故选C。]6.WhatcontributestothebiodiversityoftheSouthAmerica?A.TheSaharandust.B.TheAmazonsoils.C.TheAmazonrainforest.D.Thecoastalwaters.答案A[细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Amazonsoilsarepoorinnutrients...theSouthAmericanregion’sincrediblebiodiversityformillionsofyears”可知,亚马孙土壤营养贫乏,而新的研究结果有助于揭示,来自非洲的肥沃尘土是如何在数百万年间促成南美洲地区惊人的生物多样性的,故选A。]7.Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheStudyoftheSaharaB.TheBirthoftheSaharaC.TheSourceoftheSaharaD.TheEffectoftheSahara答案B[标题归纳题。通读全文,尤其是第一段的“geologistsstudyingwind-carriedSaharandustontheCanaryIslands...closetofivemillionyearsold”可知,本文主要介绍了地质学家研究加那利群岛的沉积物,发现撒哈拉沙漠尘土的证据,通过评估古代土壤层中撒哈拉沙漠尘土的年龄,确定撒哈拉沙漠有近500万年的历史,故B项“撒哈拉沙漠的诞生”最适合作本文的标题。]Ⅱ.七选五(2025·邵阳高三二模)Coralreefsaretherainforestsoftheocean.Theyexistonvastscalesandareequallyimportanthavens(避风港)ofbiodiversity.Reefsoccupy0.1%oftheoceans.1

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