2027高考英语大一轮复习选择性必修第一册UNIT 1 PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT学案

JackisaBritishmedicalstudent1.majoring(major)inphysiology.WhiletravellinginChina,heencounteredMrChen,aremarkableprofessorwhotookupapositioninaTCMinstitution.UnderMrChen'sguidance,Jackgraduallydevelopedapassion2.fortraditionalChinesemedicine.HethenjoinedChen'smedicalteam3.founded(found)withtheobjectiveofresearchingintobotanicaltreatmentsforcancer.Asa4.committed(commit)researcher,hemostlyspenthistimeinthelab,drawingoutextracts5.fromvariousherbs,evaluatingandanalysingthem.However,underno6.circumstances(circumstance)couldhemakeit.Jack,astubborngenius,wouldneveracknowledgedefeatandinsistedondoingresearch.HeturnedtoancientChineseclassicsforhelp,whichkeeparecordof7.numerous(number)medicalplantsandtheirpropertiesandpeculiarities.Benefitingfromourancestors'theories,heeventuallydiscoveredthesubstancewithanapparentandcrucialeffectonthereliefofpainforcancerpatients.Whenhehadhisconclusions8.published(publish)inthescientificmagazines,theworldturneditseyestowardshim.As9.aconsequenceofhisextraordinary10.academic(academy)performance,heobtainedhisdoctorateinmedicine.1vitaladj.必不可少的；极其重要的；充满生机的[练透]——单句语法填空/完成句子①Thereisnodoubtthatenoughsleepisvitalto/forthestudents'physicalandmentalhealth.②对我们来说，掌握一些基本的生活技能，为我们未来的生活做好准备是至关重要的。(2023·全国乙卷书面表达)Itisvitalforustomastersomebasiclivingskillstoprepareusforourfuturelife.③如果我们想要在生活中发挥作用，重要的是我们应该从小事开始。(读后续写之主旨升华)Ifwearetomakeadifferenceinlife，it'svitalthatwe(should)beginwithsmallthings．bevitalto/for...对……至关重要Itisvitaltodosth.做某事很重要。Itisvitalthat...(should)dosth做某事是十分重要的。beofvitalimportance/significance至关重要[点津]Itisnecessary/vital/importantthat...(should)dosth中，should可以省略。2commitvt.承诺；保证vi.忠于；全心全意投入(工作、活动等)(☞committedadj.尽心尽力的；坚定的；坚信的☞commitmentn．投入；奉献；承诺)[练透]——单句语法填空/完成句子①Moreover,therearepeoplewhochoosetostepoutoftheircomfortzoneandcommitthemselvestoworking(work)forthebenefitofothers.(译林选必四U3)②TheriseofnewenergyvehiclesreflectsChina'scommitment(commit)tosustainabledevelopmentandreducingcarbonemissions.(2024·全国甲卷)③我在如此多的人面前犯了一个愚蠢的错误，满脸窘得通红。(读后续写之尴尬心理描写)Icommittedasillymistakeinfrontofsomanypeople，myfaceredwithembarrassment.④屠呦呦，一位具有奉献精神和耐心的科学家，为我们树立了良好的榜样，激励我努力奋斗，创造更美好的未来。(应用文之人物描写)TuYouyou,acommittedandpatientscientist,hassetagoodexampletous,inspiringmetostriveforabetterfuture.(1)commitmistakes/acrime犯错/犯罪(2)commitsb/oneselftodosth承诺做某事(3)commitoneselfto(doing)sth致力于(做)某事commitsthto(doing)sth投入……(做)某事(4)becommittedto(doing)sth致力于(做)某事(5)makeacommitment保证/承诺3acknowledgevt.承认(属实、权威等)；(公开)感谢[练透]——单句语法填空/一句多译①Tomacknowledgedbeingdefeated(defeat)inthecompetition，whichmadeusquitedepressed.②WhenCoachPittsaid“Nicework！”toheratthefinishline，Evawassurprised.Suchanencouragingacknowledgement(acknowledge)replacedherinitialexpectationofcriticism.(2024·浙江卷1月读后续写)③孔子被公认为是中国最伟大的古代教育家之一。(2023·全国甲卷书面表达)→Confuciusisuniversally/widelyacknowledgedas/tobeoneofthegreatestancienteducatorsinChina.→Itisuniversally/widelyacknowledgedthatConfuciusisoneofthegreatestancienteducatorsinChina.(1)acknowledge...as/tobe...承认……是……acknowledgedoing/havingdonesth承认做了某事acknowledgethat...承认……(2)Itisuniversally/widelyacknowledgedthat...……是大家公认的。4insistvi.&vt.坚持；坚决要求[练透]——单句语法填空/完成句子①Castingmealookofencouragement，myteacherinsistedthatIhad(have)atalentforwriting，soheinsistedthatI(should)take(take)partintheapproachingwritingcontest.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷读后续写)②我的女儿坚决要求我们在下一个村庄露营，她的眼中闪着兴奋的光芒。(读后续写之情感描写)Mydaughterinsistedthatwe(should)gocampinginthenextvillage，hereyestwinklingwithexcitement.③男孩非常担心父亲的安全，坚持要立即回家。(读后续写之情感描写)Terriblyworriedabouthisfather'ssafety,theboyinsistedongoinghomeimmediately．(1)insist(坚持说/认为)that...，从句用陈述语气。(2)insist(坚决要求/主张)thatsb(should)do...，从句用虚拟语气。(3)insistondoingsth意为“坚持做某事”。5conclusionn．结论；推论(☞concludevt.断定；推断出；使结束，终止)[练透]——单句语法填空/一句多译①Whenhebroughthisspeechtoaniceconclusion(conclude),applauserangthroughthehall.(读后续写之场景描写)②Thefamousnovelistconcludedhisspeechwithadistinguishedsaying“Wherethereisawill，thereisaway.”③我从我自己的经历中得出结论：只有通过亲身实践才能掌握生活的技能。(2023·全国乙卷)→IconcludedfrommyownexperiencesthatonlybypracticinginpersoncanImastertheskillsofliving.(conclude)→Icameto/reached/drewaconclusionfrommyownexperiencesthatonlybypracticinginpersoncanImastertheskillsofliving.(conclusion)(1)inconclusion＝toconclude最后；总之cometo/reach/drawaconclusion得出结论(2)conclude...withsth/bydoingsth以……结束concludefrom...从……中得出结论[点津]“总而言之”的表达：①tosumup②inaword③inshort④inbrief6consequencen．结果；后果(☞consequentadj.随之发生的；作为结果的☞consequentlyadv.因此)[练透]——单句语法填空/完成句子①Asyouprogressthroughlife，youmaystudyandworkinnewenvironments.Consequently(consequent)，youwillbeexposedtomanynewideas，beliefs，practicesandlearningexperiences.(译林选必四U4)②在老师不断地鼓励下，她努力学习，取得了很大的进步。Asaconsequence/resultofherteacher'sfrequentencouragement，sheworkedhardandmadegreatprogress.③他为学习和研究投入了无数的时间。因此，他在学术领域取得了非凡的成就，受到了同行的高度尊重。Hededicatedcountlesshourstohisstudiesandresearch.Asaconsequence/result/Consequently,hemaderemarkableachievementsinhisacademicfieldandwashighlyrespectedbyhispeers.asaconsequence＝inconsequence＝asaresult因此；结果asaconsequenceof＝inconsequenceof因为；由于face/taketheconsequences面对/承担结果7句型公式：upon/ondoing意为“一……就……；在……的时候；当……时”教材原句：UponhearingthatshehadbeenawardedtheNobelPrize，shesaid，“Thehonourisnotjustmine.Thereisateambehindme，andallthepeopleofmycountry...”当听到自己被授予诺贝尔奖时，她说：“这荣誉不仅仅属于我，也属于我背后的团队以及我的祖国的人民……”[练透]——完成句子①一进屋子，就着美味的饼干，我们有说有笑，仿佛我们之间从未有过任何隔阂。(2025·全国一卷读后续写)Onenteringthehouse,overthedeliciousbiscuits,welaughedandtalkedhappily.Itlookedasifnothinghadevercomebetweenus.②当他到达新学校时他感到紧张，但很快就受到了同学们的欢迎，并带他四处参观。(读后续写之心理＋动作描写)Onarrivingatthenewschool,hefeltnervousbutwasquicklywelcomedbyhisclassmateswhoshowedhimaround.③大卫冲过终点线的那一刻，观众中响起了震耳欲聋的掌声和欢呼声。Themoment/instantDavidcrossedthefinishline,deafeningapplauseandcheersrosefromtheaudience.其他表示“一……就……”的连词/句式：(1)assoonas＋句子；(2)由名词构成的连词：“theinstant/moment/minute”＋句子；(3)由副词作连词：“instantly/immediately/directly”＋句子。8句型公式：it作形式主语教材原句：ItisindeedanhonourforChina'sscientificresearchandChinesemedicinetobespreadaroundtheworld.中国的科学研究和中医药走向世界，确实是一种荣誉。[练透]——完成句子/句式升级①我很荣幸能代表我的班级参加写作比赛。(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷读后续写)Itisagreathonourformetorepresentmyclasstotakepartinthewritingcontest.②作为高中生，保护海洋是我们的责任，海洋是我们星球的肺。Ashighschoolstudents,it'sourresponsibilitytoprotecttheoceans,whicharethelungsofourplanet.③我突然意识到，人生成功的关键不在于逃避挑战，而在于以勇气和决心去迎接它们。(读后续写之主旨升华)Itoccurredto/struck/hitmethatthekeytosuccessinlifeliesnotinavoidingchallenges，butinembracingthemwithcourageanddetermination.④PeoplegenerallybelievethatIThasbothadvantagesanddisadvantages.→ItisgenerallybelievedthatIThasbothadvantagesanddisadvantages.(it作形式主语)it作形式主语的常用句式：(1)Itbe＋anhonour＋forsbtodosth/Itisone'sgreathonourtodosth(2)Itbe＋过去分词(said、thought、believed、supposed、reported...)＋that从句(3)Itbe＋形容词(strange、important、vital、obvious、possible...)＋that从句(4)Itbe＋名词短语(apity、ashame、afact、agoodidea、nowonder...)＋that从句(5)Itoccurs/strikes/hitssb＋that从句微点练通微点点拨1.Withtheobjectiveofgainingadmission/beingadmittedtomydreamuniversity(以获得我理想大学的录取资格为目标),Iwascommittedtoworkinghard.2．Whileworkingthere,outofastrongpassionforknowledge(出于对知识的强烈渴求),hecontinuedtostudy,earningadoctorateinphysicsin1905.3．①Under/Inthecircumstances(在这种情况下),itwasawisedecisiontoseekadvicefromaprofessionalbeforeproceedingfurther.②Feelingembarrassed,IremindedmyselfthatundernocircumstanceswouldImakesuchamistakeagain(我决不会再犯这样的错误了).4．Tom,aboywithpassion,willtakeuphispositionaschairmanoftheStudents'Union(将担任学生会主席一职)attheendofnextmonth.5．Asthesmallboatmovedgently(gentle)alongtheriver,hewasleftspeechlessbythemountainsbeingsilentlyreflectedinthewater.1.withtheobjectiveof＝withtheintention/aim/purposeof目的是；目标是2．haveapassionfor对……充满热情outofapassionfor出于对……的热爱3．①in/underthecircumstances在这种情况下②in/undernocircumstances决不(置于句首时，句子用部分倒装)③表示“决不”，置于句首时，句子用部分倒装的短语：innocase、onnoaccount、innoway、atnotime、innosense、onnocondition等4．takeupaposition担任；任职5．去e加ly的副词：①true→trulyadv.真实地；确实②noble→noblyadv.高尚地；勇敢地③simple→simplyadv.简单地；仅仅④terrible→terriblyadv.非常；可怕地⑤possible→possiblyadv.可能地；或许⑥gentle→gentlyadv.温和地；轻轻Ⅰ.单句语法填空——巩固语言知识1．(2025·北京卷)Theythemselvesdon'tknowwhytheyarefollowingthecrowdandlongingforthepressuresofacademic(academy)difficulty.2．(2025·浙江卷1月)Allowingkidstoeatwhattheywantalsoexposesthemtothenaturalconsequences(consequent)oftheirdecisions.3．(2024·北京卷)Wecan,instead,usethisideatoadvancescientific(science)knowledge.4.Encountering(encounter)afrighteningbeastonthewaytothemarkettheotherday，theservantfledwithherheartbeatingwildly.5.Committed(commit)toscientificresearch,hecouldn'tspareanytimetogosailing.6．LuXun,acknowledged(acknowledge)asoneofthegreatestmodernwritersinChina,wasborninShaoxing,ZhejiangProvince.7．(2024·浙江卷1月)Thenshegradually(gradual)expandedherhorizontotheotherpartsofthefloor.8．(2026·哈尔滨模拟)Aimingtoenrichstudents'culturallifeandshowcaseourremarkable(remark)talents,ourschoolwillholdamusicfestival,scheduledforJune30th.9.Founded(found)in1911,TsinghuaUniversityisoneofthemostfamousuniversitiesinChina.10．Thethieffled(flee)thesceneinapanic,hisheartpoundingwithfearofbeingcaught.Ⅱ.熟词生义/一词多义——清除阅读障碍1．猜测下列句子中加黑词的含义①IacknowledgemyEnglishteacher,withoutwhomIcouldn'thavemadesuchgreatprogressinEnglish.感谢②Ihaveatheorythatpayingattentiontoone'ssurroundingswhiletravellingbycarhelpschildrendevelopaninternalcompass.看法③Advertisingbyemailisverysuccessfulasamarketingdevice.手段；策略④TuYouyoudiscoveredanovelmethodtoextracttheusefulsubstance.新颖的⑤Shelearnedthatsometraditionsstillobtaininherschool,likegivingaspecialawardtothetopstudent.(规章、习俗等)存在；流行⑥Thisnewinformationgivessubstancetothestorieswehaveheard.事实根据⑦(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Thedifferencesbetweenprintanddigitalreadingresultsarepartlyrelatedtopaper'sphysicalproperties.性质，特性⑧Themainobjectiveofthestudygroupistohelpstudentsimprovetheirunderstandingofcomplextopics.目标2．选出flow的含义①Theriver'sflowwassteadyandcalm,reflectingthepeacefulnessofthesurroundingnature.__B__②Hisjobistositbesidethepianistandturnthepagesofthescoresothemusiciandoesn'thavetobreaktheflowofsoundbydoingitthemselves.__A__③Asweknow,thegovernmentencouragestheflowofgoodsandservicestoremoteareas.__D__④(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)Adirtystream,forexample,oftenbecameclearafterflowingthroughplantsandalongrockswheretinycreatureslived.__C__A.n.流畅B.n.流；流动C.vi.流；流动D.n.供应(生义)Ⅲ.构词法精练——快速增加词汇名词后缀-or名词后缀-or主要表示“从事某种活动的人”或“执行某种动作的人”。规则典例动词直接加-oract(行动)→actor(演员)visit(访问)→visitor(访问者)invent(发明)→inventor(发明者)govern(统治)→governor(统治者)edit(编辑)→editor(编辑者)conduct(引导)→conductor(指挥者)inspect(检查)→inspector(检查员)protect(保护)→protector(保护者)去e再加-orcreate(创造)→creator(创造者)translate(翻译)→translator(翻译家)1．Afterthenaturaldisaster,thesurvivors(survive)receivedaidfrominternationalorganisations.2．Thefactoryhiredanewmachineoperator(operate)tooverseetheproductionline.3．Thefilmdirector(direct)wonanawardforhisoutstandingworkonthelatestmovie.短文投稿——人物介绍假定你是李华，你校英文报正在组织以“我眼中的英雄”为题的作文比赛。请你写一篇短文参赛，内容包括：1．人物简介；2.她或他令你感动的地方。根据提示，利用本单元所学知识完成作文TheHeroinMyEyesTheheroinmyeyesismymother，①whotakesupapositionasacashier(做收银员)atasupermarket.Iusedtoconsiderherjobeasy,butIgraduallyrealisethatmymotherdeservesrespect②fordoingaremarkablejoballtheseyearswithgreatpassion(这些年一直怀着极大的热情做着一份出色的工作).Moreover,mymothertakesprideinherwork.Shegreetscustomerswithagentlesmileand③insistsonworkinghardeveniftired(即使累了也坚持努力工作).Thoughsheworkslonghoursdaily,shefindstimetodohouseworkandspendtimewithme.Inspiredbyher,Ihavelearnt④nottoacknowledgedefeateasilywhenIencounterdifficulties(遇到困难时不轻易承认失败).积累常诵——情感描写之“好奇、困惑”词块积累金句背诵①becuriousabout对……好奇②keepone'seyeson...withcuriosity好奇地盯着……③curiositygetsthebetterofsb好奇心占了上风④burnwithcuriosity满是好奇⑤stare/lookatsb/sthwithcuriosity好奇地看着某人/某物⑥bedrivenbycuriosity受好奇心驱使⑦containone'scuriosity抑制某人的好奇心⑧curiositysparkles/twinkles/shinesinone'seyes眼里闪耀着好奇的光芒⑨alookofcuriosity/confusion好奇/困惑的表情⑩arouse/raise/satisfyone'scuriosity引起/满足某人的好奇心1.Eventually，hercuriositygotthebetterofher.Shearoseandrushedoutofherroom.最后，好奇心占了上风，她站起来奔出房间。2．Burningwithcuriosity，sheranacrossthefieldfastuntilshereachedthegoldendoorofthehouse.她满怀好奇地飞速跑过田野，一直跑到那所房子的金色的门前。3．Shestoppedatthedoorandstaredatitwithcuriosity.她在门前驻足，好奇地盯着这个房子。4．Hercuriositygrewbigger.Puzzlementandcuriositywerewrittenoverherface.她的好奇心越来越重，脸上露出困惑和好奇的神色。5．Ashergrandpapulledoutarustyoldcamerathatusedfilm，curiositytwinkledinLily'seyes.当爷爷拿出一台用胶卷的生锈旧相机时，莉莉的眼睛里闪烁着好奇的光。用表“好奇、困惑”的表达补全下面的微场景并背诵微场景33主题“礼物”——对未知礼物的“好奇”Whenpresentsbegangatheringintheroom,nonematchedthesizeandshapeofajewelryboxthatmightcontainawatch.However,onewithmynameonitdid①arousemycuriosity(引起我的好奇心).Mamahadwrappeditwellwiththickpaper,andthefewtimesIcouldstealtocheckitoutfailedtogivemeanycluesaboutitsidentity.②Mycuriositygrew(我越发好奇，无灵主语句).Mybirthdayseemedsofaraway.③Mycuriosityfinallygotthebetterofme(最后我还是按捺不住好奇心)andIopenedtheboxandpeepedinside.微场景34主题“人与动物”——宠物狗对新环境的“好奇”ThedayweadoptedPoppymarkedthebeginningofanewchapterforourfamily.Asweopenedthedoortoourhome,④amixofexcitementandcuriositysparkledinthelittlepuppy'seyes(小狗的眼里闪耀着既激动又好奇的光芒).⑤Drivenbycuriosity,hepokedhisheadoutforalook(他被好奇心驱使，探出头看了看).Eventually,Poppyleaptoutandcautiouslysteppedintotheunfamiliarspace,⑥sniffingeverycornercuriously(好奇地嗅每个角落，副词)asiftryingtoidentifythescentslingeringintheair.限时规范训练(17)(建议用时：30分钟满分：40分)Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分)AHerearesomeoftheupcomingeventsofHuman-centeredArtificialIntelligence(HAI)atStanfordUniversity.PrivacyandthePowerofUnknowingLowryPresslyApril912：00p．m.－1：15p．m.Inanerawheninformationistreatedasaformofpowerandself-knowledgeanunqualifiedgood,thevalueofwhatremainsunknownisoftenoverlooked.Byrethinkingprivacybeyondtheframeworkofdataprotection,Presslychallengesustoreclaimthesocial,psychologicalandpoliticalimportanceoflimitstoknowledge—andtobetterappreciatethepoweroftheunknowntosustainthehumanworldasameaningfulandlivablespace.RoboticsinaHuman-centeredWorld:InnovationsandImplicationsAllisonOkamura,DorsaSadighandKarenLiuApril18：30a．m.－6：30p．m.Theconferencewillgiveyouadeeperunderstandingofhowresearchers,engineers,socialscientistsandpolicymakerscanworktogetherforthedevelopmentofrobotics.Thisyear,HAIisalsoworkingwiththeStanfordRoboticsCentertobringinteractiverobotdemonstrations.Synthetic(合成的)DataSets:UseCasesfortheFinancialIndustryErikAltmanMay712：00p．m.－1：15p．m.InternationalBusinessMachine(IBM)SyntheticDataSets(SDS)havebeencreatedforusecasesinthefinancialindustry.Onekeyfocusisfraud(诈骗)andcriminalactivity,whosecostrunsintothehundredsofbillionsofdollarsperyearormore.SDSlabelsmanyofthesecriminalactivities,includingcreditcardfraud,checkfraud,andinsuranceclaimsfraud.SDSdataprovidesanattractivefoundationfortrainingAIdetectionmodels.BeyondBenchmarks:BuildingaScienceofAIMeasurementSanmiKoyejoMarch1912：00p．m.－1：15p．m.ThewidespreaduseofAIsystemsincriticaldomainsdemandsstricterapproachestoevaluatingtheircapabilitiesandsafety.ThistalkpresentsapathtowardameasurementframeworkthatbridgesestablishedpsychometricprincipleswithmodernAIevaluationneeds.Throughcasestudiesinsafetyassessmentandcapabilitymeasurement,weshowhowthisapproachcanenablemorereliable,scalableandmeaningfulevaluationofAIsystems.【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了几个斯坦福大学以人为中心的人工智能活动。1．Whencanparticipantsenjoyinteractiverobotdemonstrations？()A．OnMarch19. B．OnApril1.C．OnApril9. D．OnMay7.解析：B细节理解题。根据RoboticsinaHuman-centeredWorld:InnovationsandImplications部分中“Thisyear,HAIisalsoworking...robotdemonstrations.”可知，该活动对应的日期为April18：30a．m.－6：30p．m.，即参与者可以在四月一日享受交互式机器人演示。故选B。2．WhoaremostlikelytobeattractedbyErikAltman'sspeech？()A．Thosedreamingtobeeducators.B．Thoseinterestedinindustrialrobots.C．Thosecaringaboutfinancialsecurity.D．Thoseeagertoimprovepublichealth.解析：C推理判断题。根据Synthetic(合成的)DataSets:UseCasesfortheFinancialIndustry部分中内容可知，ErikAltman的演讲聚焦金融行业的合成数据集与诈骗检测，关心金融安全的人最可能被吸引。故选C。3．WhatisthemainpurposeofSanmiKoyejo'slecture？()A．TolowerAIdevelopmentcosts.B．TospeedupAItestingprocesses.C．Tocompareoldevaluationmethods.D．ToexplorehowtobetterassessAIsystems.解析：D写作意图题。根据BeyondBenchmarks:BuildingaScienceofAIMeasurement部分中“Thistalkpresentsapathtowardameasurementframeworkthat...weshowhowthisapproachcanenablemorereliable,scalableandmeaningfulevaluationofAIsystems.”可知，SanmiKoyejo演讲的主要目的是探索如何更好地评估AI系统。故选D。B(2026·杭州联考)Noéclaircissementwasneededafter13-year-oldFaizanZakitriumphedinthe21stroundoftheScrippsNationalSpellingBee.Theteencollapsedonthefloorwithexcitementaftercorrectlyspelling“éclaircissement”andsecuringthenationaltitle—nottomentionatrophy(奖杯)and$50，000.Zaki'swinalsocoincided(巧合)withamajormilestone:the100thanniversaryoftheScrippsNationalSpellingBee.Whenspellingthe“M-E-N-T”in“éclaircissement”，Zaki,whocomesfromAllen,Texas,wasunderstandablythrilledaftercominginsecondplaceatlastyear'scompetitionbehindBruhatSoma,whowas12yearsoldwhenhetookhomethetrophy.However,hisvictorydidn'tcomewithoutdrama—Zakinearlylostinround18whenaskedtospell“commelina”.Zakistartedsaying“K-A-M”beforestoppinghimselfandtellingheadjudgeMaryBrooksto“justringthebell”，whichshedid.Zakigotanothershotafter14-year-oldSarvadnyaKadammisspelled“Uaupes”inround20—pavingthewayforhiswinwith“éclaircissement”．“Thoselastcoupleofletters,Iwasgaspingforair，”Zakisaidon“GMA.”“Iwaslikehyperventilatingwithexcitement.”Zaki'swinwasnotablenotonlyforthefinalwordandtheBee'scentennial,butalsobecauseitmarkedthefirsttimeinnearly25yearsthataformerrunner-up(亚军)returnedtowinthetitle.AccordingtoESPN,thelastpersontodosowasSeanConley,whowasthe2001champion.ZakiandConleyaremembersofanextremelyexclusiveclubwithjustfivememberstotalfromtheevent's100years.ThefirstNationalSpellingBeebegan100yearsago.However,Thursday'swinnermarkedthe110thchampionbecausetherewereeightwinnersin2019andtwowinnersafewothertimes.Ninestudents,aged11to14，facedoffThursdayonthefinalnightoftheScrippsNationalSpellingBee.Thecompetitionstartedwith243youngspellerswhoqualifiedafteradvancingthroughlocalandregionalbees.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。13岁的法赞·扎基赢得2025年美国斯克里普斯全国拼写大赛冠军，扎基的胜利恰逢一个重要里程碑：斯克里普斯全国拼写大赛100周年。4．WhydidFaizanZakicollapseonthefloor？()A．Hesuddenlyfeltunwell.B．Heintendedtogiveup.C．Hewasonlytoonervous.D．Hewantedtorelaxhimself.解析：D推理判断题。根据第一段可知，法赞·扎基是在获得斯克里普斯全国拼写大赛冠军后激动得躺在地上，由此可知他是想彻底放松一下，并以此特殊的方式来庆祝自己的成功。故D项正确。5．WhichworddidFaizanZakimisspell？()A．Éclaircissement. B．Commelina.C．Uaupes. D．Hyperventilate.解析：B细节理解题。根据第三段可知，在第18轮拼写“commelina”一词时，扎基错误地以“K-A-M”开头，裁判随即按铃示意错误。故B项正确。6．WhatdidFaizanZakiandSeanConleyhaveincommon？()A．Theyfinishedasrunner-uptwice.B．Theyhavewonthechampionshiptwice.C．Theyrosefromrunner-uptochampion.D．Theybecamethechampionontheirfirsttry.解析：C推理判断题。根据第五段可知，扎基是近25年来首次以亚军身份返场并最终夺得冠军的选手。据ESPN报道，上一位取得这一成就的是2001年夺冠的肖恩·康利。故C项正确。7．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“facedoff”inthelastparagraphmean？()A．Gathered. B．Emerged.C．Competed. D．Witnessed.解析：C词义猜测题。根据最后一段可知，本届全国拼写大赛最初有243名年轻选手参加选拔赛，最后这9名11岁至14岁的选手应该是于本周四晚在斯克里普斯参加决赛。故C项正确。C(2026·河北五校联考)Therearespecialmomentsinhistorywhentheworldthrowsupatorrentofgenius.Considerhow,inasinglecentury,theworldsawDescartes,Leibniz,andNewton,nottomentionShakespeare,Milton,andBach.Orconsiderhow,inonegeneration,someonecouldhypotheticallyhavemetBismarck,QueenVictoria,MarieCurie,andEdison.ButallofthispalesincomparisontowhatGermanphilosopherKarlJasperscalledthe“AxialAge”.It'sherethatwefindtheveryoriginsofwhywethinkthewaywedotoday.Modernhumanshavebeenaroundforroughly250，000years,andwe'velivedincomplexsocietiesforatleast6，000years.Then,withinaspanofmerelysixcenturies,therewasahugeexplosionofthought.Fromroughly800BCEto200BCE,allofthemajorcivilizationsproducedincrediblepeoplewithincredibleideas.InGreece,wesawthelikesofSocrates,Archimedes,Hippocrates,Plato,andAristotle.AndinChina,ConfucianismandDaoismcameintotheirown,aswellasthefamousSunTzu.Seenupclose,thesethinkerscanseemaboutasdifferentaschalkandcheese.WhatcouldLaoTzu'sDaoandAristotle'sEudaimoniahaveincommon?HowareYahwehandBrahmansimilar?ForJaspers,whenyouzoomoutabitandseethesethinkersasawhole,thereareremarkablecommonalitiestobefound.Thegreatestoftheseisthemovetowardwhat'scalled“universalism”.Universaltruths,universalreligion,anduniversalmorals.It'stheideathattherearecertainvaluesandrulesthatoughttoapplytoeveryone,everywhere,nomatterthecircumstances.TheAxialAgewasanerawhereempiresexpandedoutwardstobecomehuge,bothintermsofsizeandpopulation.ItwasatimeofthePersianandCarthaginianempires,theRomanRepublic,andtheZhouDynasty.Thismeansseveralimportantthingshappened.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。“轴心时代”这一概念由德国哲学家卡尔·雅斯贝尔斯(KarlJaspers)提出，它指大约公元前800年至公元前200年之间的一段历史时期，是人类文明发展的一个重要阶段。8．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“pales”inparagraph2mean？()A．Becomesmoreobvious.B．Becomeslessimportant.C．Becomeslessinteresting.D．Becomesmoreinfluential.解析：B词义猜测题。根据下句“It'sherethatwefindtheveryoriginsofwhywethinkthewaywedotoday.”可知，作者对下文提到的“轴心时代”的人物评价更高。也就是说，第一段提到的这些人物比起“轴心时代”的先哲们就相形见绌了。故B项正确。9．WhatwastheAxialAgemainlyabout？()A．Greatthoughts.B．Politicalcampaigns.C．Scientificachievements.D．Geographicdiscoveries.解析：A细节理解题。根据第三段中“Fromroughly...incredibleideas.”可知，“轴心时代”的最大特点是诞生了很多伟大先哲以及他们的杰出思想。故A项正确。10．WhatdoesJasperstrytostressaboutthesegreatthinkers？()A．Thesimilarityoftheirideas.B．Thedifferencebetweenthem.C．Thediversityoftheirthoughts.D．Thesignificanceoftheircontributions.解析：A细节理解题。根据第五段中“ForJaspers,whenyou...remarkablecommonalitiestobefound.”可知，Jaspers重点强调了这些“轴心时代”伟大先哲们思想的共同之处。故A项正确。11．Whatwilltheauthorcontinuetalkingaboutintheparagraphsthatfollow？()A．TheproblemswiththeAxialAge.B．ThegreatinfluenceoftheAxialAge.C．ThehistoricalbackgroundoftheAxialAge.D．TherepresentativefiguresoftheAxialAge.解析：C推理判断题。最后一段作者提到了“轴