新人教版八年级下册英语Unit3知识点总结加单元练习

同学们，新学期的学习旅程已经展开，我们又迎来了新的挑战与机遇。Unit3作为八年级下册的一个重要单元，围绕“帮助与互助”这一核心话题展开，不仅实用性强，也蕴含着丰富的语言知识。这份总结与练习，希望能帮助大家系统梳理本单元的重点，查漏补缺，夯实基础，最终实现语言能力的有效提升。一、核心词汇梳理本单元的词汇多与日常家务、劳动分工以及请求与提供帮助相关。准确理解和运用这些词汇，是进行有效交流的基础。1.动词(Verbs):*do(did,done):做，干(dochores,dothedishes)*make(made,made):使，让；制作(makethebed,makedinner)*clean(cleaned,cleaned):打扫(cleantheroom,cleanthewindows)*sweep(swept,swept):扫(sweepthefloor)*fold(folded,folded):折叠(foldtheclothes)*takeout(tookout,takenout):取出，拿出(takeouttherubbish)*wash(washed,washed):洗(washtheclothes,washthedishes)*borrow(borrowed,borrowed):借（入）(borrowsth.fromsb.)*lend(lent,lent):借（出）(lendsth.tosb./lendsb.sth.)*hate(hated,hated):讨厌，厌恶(hatedoingsth.)*like(liked,liked):喜欢(likedoingsth.)*love(loved,loved):热爱(lovedoingsth.)*help(helped,helped):帮助(helpsb.withsth.,helpsb.(to)dosth.)*pass(passed,passed):传递(passsb.sth./passsth.tosb.)*throw(threw,thrown):扔，投(throwaway)*provide(provided,provided):提供(providesth.forsb./providesb.withsth.)*depend(depended,depended):依靠(dependon)2.名词(Nouns):*chore(chores):杂务，日常事务*dish(dishes):盘，碟(dothedishes)*floor:地板(sweepthefloor)*rubbish/trash:垃圾(takeouttherubbish)*clothes:衣服(foldtheclothes,washtheclothes)*bed:床(makethebed)*room:房间(cleantheroom)*kitchen:厨房*livingroom:客厅*stress:压力*waste:浪费*neighbor:邻居*snack:小吃，点心3.形容词(Adjectives)&副词(Adverbs):*dirty:脏的(反义词clean)*clean:干净的(既可作形容词也可作动词)*tidy:整洁的*messy:凌乱的*angry:生气的*independent:独立的*hardly:几乎不*anyway:而且，加之；无论如何*probably:很可能，大概4.重点短语(Phrases):*dochores/housework:做家务*dothedishes:洗餐具*sweepthefloor:扫地*takeouttherubbish:倒垃圾*makethebed:铺床*foldtheclothes:叠衣服*cleanthelivingroom:打扫客厅*stayoutlate:在外待到很晚*getaride:搭便车*helpout(withsth.):帮助解决难题，帮忙做某事*atleast:至少*assoonas:一...就...*inorderto:为了*dependon:依靠，信赖*takecareof/lookafter:照顾*fallill:生病*awasteoftime:浪费时间*spendtimeonsth./(in)doingsth.:花费时间在某事上/做某事二、核心句型与语法点精析本单元的句型和语法围绕“请求与提供帮助”、“描述日常活动”以及“表达观点”展开，实用性强，需要重点掌握。1.提出请求(Makingrequests):*Couldyouplease(not)dosth.?（你能（不）做某事吗？）*这是一种礼貌地提出请求的句型。*例句：*Couldyoupleasetakeouttherubbish?(你能把垃圾倒了吗？)2.寻求许可与提供帮助(Askingforpermission&Offeringhelp):*CouldIdosth.?（我能做某事吗？——用于请求许可）*Sure./Yes,youcan./Goahead.(当然可以。/是的，你可以。/用吧。)*No,youcan't.Because...(不，你不能。因为...)*I'llhelpyou(do)...(我会帮你做...)*Letmehelpyou(with)...(让我帮你做...)3.表达“使/让某人做某事”(Expressing"make/letsb.dosth."):*makesb.dosth.(迫使/让某人做某事，强调结果或外界压力)*例句：Mymommakesmecleanmyroomeveryweekend.(我妈妈让我每个周末都打扫房间。)*letsb.dosth.(允许/让某人做某事，强调许可)*例句：MydadletsmewatchTVafterfinishinghomework.(我爸爸允许我做完作业后看电视。)*see/hear/watchsb.dosth.(看见/听见/观看某人做了某事，强调动作的全过程或经常发生)*例句：Ioftenseeherhelptheoldladycrossthestreet.(我经常看见她帮助那位老奶奶过马路。)4.过去进行时(PastContinuousTense)的初步感知与运用(常与when引导的时间状语从句连用):*构成：主语+was/were+动词-ing形式+其他。*用法：表示过去某个特定时间点或时间段正在进行的动作。*常用搭配：when+一般过去时的句子。(一个动作发生时，另一个动作正在进行)*例句：Iwasdoingthedisheswhenthephonerang.(电话铃响的时候我正在洗碗。)*Shewassweepingthefloorwhenherbrothercameback.(她哥哥回来的时候她正在扫地。)5.“花费”的表达(Expressing"cost,spend,take,pay"):*人+spend+时间/金钱+onsth./(in)doingsth.*例句：Ispendanhouronmyhomeworkeveryday./Ispendanhour(in)doingmyhomeworkeveryday.(我每天花一个小时做作业。)*物+cost(sb.)+金钱.*例句：Thenewbookcostme20yuan.(这本新书花了我20元。)*Ittakes(sb.)+时间+todosth.(it作形式主语，真正主语是后面的不定式)*例句：Ittakesmehalfanhourtogettoschool.(我花半小时到学校。)*人+pay+金钱+forsth.6.情态动词should/shouldn't(用于提建议或表达责任义务):*Youshoulddosth.(你应该做某事。)*Youshouldn'tdosth.(你不应该做某事。)*例句：Weshouldhelpourparentswithhousework.(我们应该帮父母做家务。)*Youshouldn'tbelateforschool.(你上学不应该迟到。)三、单元练习I.根据句意及首字母提示补全单词。1.Couldyoupleasef_______yourclothes?Theyareonthesofa.2.Mymotherusuallydoesthed_______afterdinner.3.It'syourturntos_______thefloor.It'sabitdirty.4.Don'tthrowther_______everywhere.Putitinthebin.5.Doingchoreshelpstodevelopchildren'si_______.Theycanlearntolookafterthemselves.6.There'snoneedtogeta_______.Let'stalkaboutitcalmly.7.It'su_______thatonlymedothechoresathome.Mybrotherneverhelps.8.Weshouldd_______onourselves,notalwaysonothers.II.用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1.Mysisteroftenhelpsme_______(clean)thelivingroom.2.Couldyouplease_______(notplay)basketballinthehouse?3.Isawhim_______(run)intheparkwhenIpassedby.4.Mymommakesme_______(drink)milkeverymorning.5.Hespendstwohours_______(do)hishomeworkeverynight.6.WhenIcalledhim,he_______(watch)TV.7.Itusuallytakesher20minutes_______(get)toschoolbybike.8.Youshould_______(help)yourparentswithchores.III.单项选择。1.—Couldyoupleasesweepthefloor?—_______.I'mdoingmyhomeworknow.A.Yes,sure.B.Noproblem.C.Sorry,Ican't.D.OK.2.Myfatherletme_______tothemovieswithmyfriendslastnight.A.goB.togoC.goingD.went3.I_______thedisheswhenmybestfriendcametovisitme.A.washB.washedC.amwashingD.waswashing4.It'simportantforchildren_______somehouseworkathome.A.doB.todoC.doingD.did5.Mybrotherhates_______thelaundry,buthelikes_______thedishes.A.todo;todoB.doing;doingC.todo;doingD.doing;todo6.Thisnewbike_______me300yuan.7.CouldI_______yourdictionary?Ileftmineathome.A.borrowB.lendC.keepD.return8.Weshouldlearntodependon_______,notothers.A.myselfB.ourselvesC.yourselvesD.themselvesIV.句型转换，每空一词。1.Hedoesthedisheseveryday.(改为否定句)He______________thedisheseveryday.2.Couldyoupleasefoldtheclothes?(作肯定回答)_______,______________.3.MymotherwascookingdinnerwhenIgothome.(对划线部分提问)______________yourmother_______whenyougothome?4.Theyaregoingtocleantheclassroom.(用let改写句子)Let______________theclassroom.It's_______forustosharethehousework.V.阅读理解。阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。DearEditor,Yours,TiredStudent1.Whatgradeisthestudentin?A.GradeSix.B.GradeSeven.C.GradeEight.D.GradeNine.2.Whydothestudent'sparentsaskhim/hertodochores?A.Becausetheydon'tlikedoinghousework.B.Becausetheyareverybusywiththeirwork.C.Becausethestudenthasnothingtodoafterschool.D.Becausethestudent'sbrotheristooyoung.3.WhichchoreisNOTmentionedintheletter?A.Doingthedishes.B.Cleaningtheroom.C.Washingthecar.D.Cooking.4.Howdoesthestudentfeelaboutdoingchores?5.Whatdoesthestudent'sbrotherthinkaboutdoingchores?A.Hethinksit'shisduty.B.Hethinksit'sawasteoftime.C.Heistoobusystudying.D.Heenjoysdoingchores.VI.书面表达。假设你