2025年高考英语大二轮-强化练(四)标题归纳题与文章大意题

强化练(四)标题归纳题与文章大意题解题提示：1.理清文章结构和行文脉络，先尝试找出文章主旨句。2.若没有主旨句则根据文章反复出现的关键词或者综合全文内容，确定文章标题。3.要善于运用逆向推理法验证答案。Ⅰ.阅读理解(2023·杭州市高三联合测试)AtSt.FrancisHighSchool，there’ssomethingtobesaidaboutthemathteacherJimConnor.Thetruthis,Connorcanbeabitofadrudge.Butthe70－year－oldVietnamvetsayshe’snotheretoentertainhisstudents.“Itdrivesmecrazywhenpeoplesayschoolshouldbefun，”hesays.“Imean,it’sniceifitcouldbe,butyoucan’tmakeschoolfun.”Andforyears,thekidsthoughtthat’salltherewastohim—untillastNovember,whenseniorPatMcGoldricklearnedtheydidn’tknowthehalfofhim.PatwasinchargeofastudentblooddriveandhadjustcometoChildren’sHospitalLosAngelesforameeting.Andhesaysitwasweird：WheneverhetoldsomeonehewenttoSt.FrancisHighSchool,theyallsaid，“Oh,youmustknowJimConnor.Isn’thewonderful？”“Itwasreallyunbelievable，”Patsays.“Itwasalmostkindoffindingthisalterego(个性的另一面)thathehas.”Insidetheblooddonorcenter,Patfoundaplaquelistingallthetopblooddonorsatthehospital，includingtherecordholder,JimConnor.Thenhelearnedsomethingevenmoreunbelievable：WheneverConnorisn’ttorturingkidswithcalculus(微积分)，he’scuddlingsickbabies.Threedaysaweekforthepast20years,Jimhasvolunteeredatthehospital,steppinginwhenparentscan’t,tohold,feedandcomforttheirchildren.“Theytendtocalmforhim，”NurseErinsays.“Theytendtorelaxwithhim.Theyfallasleepwithhim.”“Ijustlikethemandrelatetothemsomehow，”Connorsays.Connorhasneverbeenmarried;hehasnokidsofhisown.Buthehasfallenhardforthesebabies.“I’vealwaysrespectedhim,butnowit’stoanevendifferentdegree—reallytothepointwhereItrytoemulatehim，”Patsays.“He’stheepitomeofamanofservice.”【语篇解读】本文是记叙文。数学老师JimConnor是一个对学生要求严格的人，但是他却热心公益，非常令人尊重。1.Whatdowelearnfromparagraph2?A.Schoolcanneverbefun.B.Connorishighlydemanding.C.Connor’sstudentsdrivehimcrazy.D.Connorthinkseducationisforall.答案B[推理判断题。根据第二段中的“he’snotheretoentertainhisstudents.‘Itdrivesmecrazywhenpeoplesayschoolshouldbefun，’hesays.”可知，Connor认为他去学校不是为了取悦学生，且他不认为上学应该是享乐的事。据此可以推断，Connor是一个要求严格的人。]2.WhatdidPatfindoutaboutMr.Connor?A.Mr.Connordonatedbloodaswellashistime.B.Mr.Connorwasawardedforhislovetowardbabies.C.Mr.Connorusedtobeaverystrictteacher.D.Mr.Connorhadauniqueteachingphilosophy.答案A[细节理解题。根据第五段中的“thetopblooddonorsatthehospital，includingtherecordholder，JimConnor...Threedaysaweekforthepast20years，Jimhasvolunteeredattheforttheirchildren”可知，Connor是献血纪录保持者，且在过去20年里每周花3天时间在医院里做志愿者。]3.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutMr.Connor?A.Heworkstwoshiftseverydayforaliving.B.Hehashisalteregointheeyesofhisstudentsallthetime.C.Hehastheabilitytoconnectwiththosekidsheholds.D.Hefailshardforthosesickkidssohedecidednottohavehisown.答案C[正误判断题。根据第六段中NurseErin所说的“Theytendtocalmforhim”“Theytendtorelaxwithhim.Theyfallasleepwithhim.”可以推断，Connor和他负责的那些孩子们建立了良好的关系。]4.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.BondingwithbabiesinneedofloveB.AreallessonislifethroughlearningcalculusC.EverybodykeepssomethingunderhishatD.Thetoughteacherhasasoftheart答案D[标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了数学老师JimConnor是一个对学生要求非常严格的人，但是他热心公益，是一所医院的献血纪录保持者，还在医院做志愿者，非常令人尊重。D项“严师有颗慈悲心”用矛盾修辞法既能引起读者的阅读兴趣，又能概括整篇文章，最适合作本文的标题。keepsthunderone’shat“将某事保密”。](2023·潍坊高三质检)LookupoverthewhitesandbeachesofMauritiusandyoumayseeahugesail.It’smuchlikethekindusedbykitesurfersbutthesizeofathreebedroomapartment.Thesailisn’tatouristattraction—it’screatingelectricityforthisislandofftheeastcoastofAfrica.LaunchedinDecember2021bySkySailsPower，themassivewingistheworld’sfirstfullyautonomouscommercial“airbornewindenergy”system.Forthepasttwomonths,ithasbeendeliveringalittleunderitsgoalof100kilowatts—typicallyenoughtopowerupto50homes.Toharvestwindenergyfromtheheightswherewindblowsthefastest,thekeymaybetoflyakite.Thesesystemscomeinacontainerandcanbedroppedoffwhereverthere’saroadordock(码头).Theycanalsobetiedtoafixedshipindeepwaters.Theirheightisadaptable,sotheycanbemovedupordowntowhereverthewindblowsthehardest,whichoftenchangeswiththeseasons.SkySailsactuallystartedbackin2001withadifferentpurpose：buildingsoftkitewingstopullmassiveshipsalongatsea.In2015SkySailsshiftedfocustoproducingelectricitywithSkySailsPower.SkySails’systemreliesonaroughly150squaremetrewingtorideonthewind.Therearenoturbines(涡轮机)upintheair,andthelineisn’tanelectricwire.Instead,theenergyisgeneratedontheground，fromthepullontheline.“Thebrakeonthewinch(绞车)isgeneratingelectricity，”saysFagiano,thechiefofficer.Softwarefliesthekiteautonomouslyinafigure－of－eightpatterntogetthestrongestpullpossibletoproduceenergy.Thesystemthenchangesthewing’sflightpatternsoitcanbepulledinwithminimalresistance,expendingalittleenergytowinditback.Thispatternrepeats,creatingfarmoreenergythanitconsumes.Thesailshavelessimpactontheskylinethantraditionalturbinesandarequietertoo,saysFagiano.Andtheymakeeconomicsenseforanyonecurrentlypayingmorethan$0.30perkilowatthourfromtraditionalgenerators.【语篇解读】本文是说明文。本文主要讲述了SkySailsPower研发的通过巨型“风筝”似的帆来收集风能的系统，并介绍了其工作原理和优势。5.Whatisthemosteffectivewayforthesystemtogetenergy?A.Itisplacedashighaspossible.B.Itistiedtoashipinthedeepsea.C.Itisadjustedtothehardestwinds.D.Itisfixedonthewhitesandbeaches.答案C[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Toharvestwindenergyfromtheheights...towhereverthewindblowsthehardest”可知，该系统的高度是可以调节的，它可以移动到风最大的地方，这样就可以高效地收集能量。]6.WhatisSkySails’originalintentiontodevelopthesystem?A.Tobeattraditionalturbines.B.Topowerthehomesinneed.C.Topullthehugeshipsatsea.D.Tocompetewithothercompanies.答案C[细节理解题。根据第四段中的“SkySailsactuallystartedback...pullmassiveshipsalongatsea.”可知，SkySails研发该系统的初衷是拉动海上的大船。]7.Whatdoesparagraph5focuson?A.Whyturbinesareabandoned.B.HowtheSkySails’systemworks.C.Howsoftwarecontrolsthewing.D.Whythewingchangesitsflightpattern.答案B[段落大意题。根据第五段内容尤其是“Softwarefliesthekiteautonomously...moreenergythanitconsumes.”可知，软件以8字形的模式自动地放飞风筝，以获得最大的拉力来产生能量。然后，该系统改变机翼的飞行模式，使它可以以最小的阻力进入，消耗一点能量就能将其拉回。这种模式不断重复，它所产生的能量远远超过了它所消耗的能量。故本段主要讲述了SkySails系统的工作原理。]8.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.SkySails：ThepioneerinwindpowerB.SkySails：ThecompetitortotraditionalpowerC.Thekitesseekingtheworld’ssurestwindsD.Thekitesgeneratingthecheapestelectricity答案C[标题归纳题。本文第一段引入话题；第二段讲到了本文主题“theworld’sfirstfullyautonomouscommercial‘airbornewindenergy’system”；第三到五段讲述了该系统的具体情况和工作原理；最后一段讲述了该系统的优势。因此，本文主要讲述了通过巨型“风筝”似的帆来收集风能的系统，故C项最适合作文章标题。](2023·潍坊高三测试)Electronicswoven(编)intofabricspromisetoopenupallkindsofinterestingpossibilities，fromclothingthatmonitorsmuscleactivityandtracksbreathing,togarmentsthatcantalktooneanother.Developingpliablepowersourcestogowiththemisanequallyimportantfieldofresearch,soscientistsattheUniversityofBritishColumbiahaveputforwardaparticularlyimpressivesolutionthattheysaycouldbethefirsteverbatterythatisbothstretchableandwashable.Todevelopabatterywithsuchcapabilities,thescientistsreimaginedthewaythesedevicesareputtogether.Ratherthanformingalithium－ionbatterypackedwithhardenedmaterialsinsidearigidexterior，theteamturnedtothealternativechemistryinzinc－manganese(锌锰)dioxide,whichisappealingforitslowcostandsafety.Thesematerialsweregrounddownintotinypiecesandinsetinapolymer(聚合物)toformverythinandstretchablelayers.“Wewentwithzinc－manganesebecausefordeviceswornnexttotheskin,it’sasaferkindofchemistrythanlithium－ionbatteries,whichcanproducedeadlycompoundswhentheybreak，”saysNguyen.Theresultingbatteryisflexibleandcanbestretchedtotwiceitsnormallength.Ithasaspecificcapacityof160mAhg－1andkeeps75percentofitscapacityover500chargeanddischargecycles.Impressively,theteamhasfoundthebatterytowithstand39washcyclessofar.Theteamisnowworkingtoimprovethepoweroutputandlifetimeofthebattery,andsaysthecreationhasalreadyattractedcommercialinterest,withthecostexpectedtobesimilartoastandardrechargeablebattery.Theyimagineitbeingputtouseinwatchesandpatchesthatmeasurevitalsigns,andinsmartclothingthatdoesmuchthesamething.【语篇解读】本文是新闻报道。文章主要介绍了锌锰电池的研发过程及其优点。这种电池可能是有史以来第一个既可拉伸又可洗涤的电池。9.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“pliable”inparagraph1?A.Strong. B.Multiple.C.Reliable. D.Flexible.答案D[词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“soscientistsat...stretchableandwashable”可知，所以科学家们提出了一个特别令人印象深刻的解决方案，该方案可能是有史以来第一个既可拉伸又可洗涤的电池。由此可知研究的一个同样重要的领域是研发可拉伸的能源，画线词的意思与“可拉伸的”相近。A项“强壮的”，B项“多功能的”，C项“可靠的”，D项“柔韧的，灵活的”。文中的stretchable是解题的关键。]10.Whatwasamajorconsiderationforintroducingthezinc－manganesebattery?A.Safety. B.Hardness.C.Comfort. D.Convenience.答案A[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“theteamturnedto...lowcostandsafety”和第三段内容可知，选择锌锰电池的主要考虑是其低成本和安全问题，它比锂离子电池更加安全。]11.Whichaspectofthenewbatteryimpressedtheresearchersinparagraph4?A.Itswashability. B.Itsstretchlength.C.Itsmassivecapacity. D.Itschargespeed.答案A[细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Impressively，theteamhasfoundthebatterytowithstand39washcyclessofar.”可知，给研究人员留下深刻印象的是到目前为止该电池可以承受39次循环洗涤，故选A，该选项中的washability指可洗性。]12.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Electronicclothingiswellreceived.B.Clothingfittedwithnewbatteriesisontheway.C.Clothing－friendlybatteriescanbeputthroughthewash.D.Electronicswovenintofabricsopenuppossibilities.答案C[文章大意题。根据第一段内容可知，研发可与织物内电子器件相匹配的柔韧的能源很重要。科学家们就此提出了一个令人印象深刻的解决方法——既可拉伸又可洗涤的锌锰电池，下文无论是讲述锌锰电池的研发过程还是讲述其优点都是围绕这一主题展开的。]Ⅱ.七选五(2023·金华十校高三二模)Perhapsyou’vestoppeddoingwhatyouwantbecauseyou’reafraidofwhatothersthinkofyou.Youfeelthatyoumustdowhattheyexpectandthatyoumustmeettheirexpectations,otherwiseyou’lllosetheirapproval.__1__Then,you’llbeabletodowhatyouwantfreely.Thinkaboutyourself,aboutwhatyoureallylikeandareinterestedin.Youmustleadyourlifeindependently.__2__However,youmightfeelafraidtodoitbecauseyou’vealwaysdoneeverythingtogaintheapprovalofothers.Youneedtogetoutofthatzone,movetonewplaces,andexploreyourfullpotential.Bysurroundingyourselfwithpeoplewhothinklikeyou,you’llrealizethatyoudon’tfeeljudged.Then,you’llstartdoingwhatyoureallywant.__3__Yournewfriendswillintegrateintoyourlifeandyou’llalsokeepyourgenuinefriends.Ontheotherhand,thosewhoarealwaysreadytoseethenegativeandquestionwhatyou’retryingtodowilldriftaway.Toovercomeyourfearofwhatothersthinkandoftheirnon－approval,youshouldstarttalkingaboutyourplans,Forinstance,youmightwanttotellahandfuloffriendsaboutyourwishesanddreams.__4__You’llfeelconfidentinyourselfandyou’llbeabletogoonyournewpathwithoutanyfear.It’sunavoidablethatnoteverythingwillbeplainsailing,andyou’llfindobstaclesalongyourway.__5__Peopleinyourenvironmentoftendon’tunderstandwhatyoudonomatterhowmuchyouexplainit,soignorethem.A.Thereisnoneedtothinkaboutwhatyouwant.B.Youdon’thavetochangeyourcircleoffriends.C.Yourlifebelongstoyou,aswellasyouractions.D.Bytalkingtothem,you’llbeabletoorganizeyourplansandideas.E.Ifthisisthecase,it’stimetostartworkingonyourself－esteem(自尊).F.Youmustdowhatyouwantwithoutbeingaffectedbywhatothersthink.G.However,youmusttrustinyourselfandseekthenecess