第03讲动词ing形式作主语(原卷版+解析)

第03讲动词ing形式作主语1．了解动词ing形式作主语的概念和用法。2．可以根据本节课的内容来完成一些习题。1、关于动词ing形式的基本情况(1)．动词ing形式是动词的一种非谓语形式，包括现在分词和动名词两种。动词ing形式在句中的语法作用：动名词在句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语，现在分词在句中作状语、宾语补足语和定语。(2)．动词ing形式的时态和语态。Readingaloudisagoodwaytolearnalanguage.大声朗读是学习语言的一种好方法。Havingstudiedhislessonsveryhard,hepassedtheexam.努力学习了功课,他通过了考试。Thebuildingbeingbuiltnowwillbefinishednextmonth.正在建设的建筑物下个月将完工。Havingbeenlaughedatforhislameness,theboybecameshyandinhibited.那男孩因跛脚被人讥笑,变得羞怯。【归纳用法】2、动词ing形式作主语(1)．动词ing形式作主语Sayingisonething,anddoingisanother.说是一回事，而做是另一回事。Havingawalkeverydayhelpstomakeonekeephealthy.每天散步有助于一个人保持健康。【归纳用法】动词ing形式作主语，往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作，通常置于句首。[名师点津]动名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。Climbingmountainsisreallydifficultfortheold.对于老人来说爬山确实困难。(2)形式主语it代替动词ing形式作主语。Itisawasteoftimepersuadingsuchapersontojoinus.劝说这种人加入我们是浪费时间。Itisnogood/useregrettingforthepast.悔恨过去是没用的。【归纳用法】此类句式常见的有：It'sawasteoftimedoingsth.做某事是浪费时间It'suseless/worthwhiledoingsth.做某事没用/是值得的It'snogood/use/fundoingsth.做某事没好处/没用/没意思3、动词ing的复合结构作主语动名词的复合结构作主语。形式通常有两种：Theircomingtohelpwasagreatencouragementtous.他们前来帮忙对我们来说是巨大的鼓舞。His/Tom'sbeinglatemadetheteacherveryangry.他的/汤姆的迟到使老师很生气。Jerry'snotarrivingontimemadethepeoplepresentangry.杰里未能按时到达令在场的人很生气。【归纳用法】(1)作主语的动词ing的复合结构的肯定形式为：形容词性物主代词/名词的所有格＋doing...。(2)作主语的动词ing的复合结构的否定形式为：形容词性物主代词/名词的所有格＋notdoing...。

1．Inrecentyears,________(rent)clotheshasbecomeanincreasinglypopulartrendamongpeopleofallages.2．_______(slide)intothehabitwaseasy,butitwasdifficulttoquitthehabit.3．_____________(examine)twiceayear,whetheritisacar,abusoratruck,istherulethateverydrivershouldobeyinthiscity.4．________(digitise)ancientartallowsustoexplorethepracticesoflongago.5．AsIgetolder,cominghomeand______(be)withmyentirefamilyisthemostimportantpartofit.6．________(be)abletoappreciateartisverysatisfying.7．________(visit)artgallerieshelpsyouunderstanddifferentcultures.8．________(draw)realisticportraitsofpeopleisverydifficult.9．________(add)BeijingOperatothebasiceducationinChinaisabigsteptopromotetraditionalart.10．_________(expose)tostrongsunlightcanbeharmfultohumanskin.11．________(design)agreatflagisverydifficult,asyouaretryingtosqueezeawholenationintoasmallbox.12．His________(come)latemadetheteacherveryangry.13．________(get)involvedinanewandemergingbusinesscanberiskyandalsobeprofitable.14．________(adapt)toschoollifequicklyisimportantforfreshmen,whichwillinfluencetheirperformance.15．Itisnouse______________(reason)withhim.16．________(turn)18alsochangedthewaythatsocietyviewedme.17．________(attend)trainingclassesmeanscostingthemmuchmoney.18．Beforeyoubegin,it’sworthwhile________(understand)theexampleapplicationyou’llbuild.19．It’snouse________(cry)overspiltmilk.20．Manypeopleagreethat________(go)toamuseumisagoodwayoflearningaboutancienttreasures.21．________(play)tricksonothersissomethingweshouldneverdo.22．________(live)inthecountrysidehasbothadvantagesanddisadvantages.23．________(get)uplatemeansmissingtheearlybus.24．________(collect)stampstakesalotofhissparetime.25．________(Read)isnecessaryforyoutoexpandyourknowledge.26．________(Consult)thiskindofdictionaryisreallyapieceofcake.27．Insomeways,________(learn)toprogramacomputerissimilartolearninganewlanguage.28．________(make)eyecontactisn’talwayseasy;itcanfeeluncomfortableattimes,especiallywhenyouhaven’tyetbuiltarelationshipwiththeotherperson.29．Inaword,__________(get)alongwellwithyourclassmatesisconsideredanimportantthing.30．________(jog)throughtheparkbecomesmyroutine.31．________(come)toGuizhouProvincetoteachhasbeenquiteanexcitingexperienceforhim.32．Itisawasteoftime________(persuade)himtogiveuptheplan.33．________(become)awareofwhatcausesyourworrywillhelptoreducethestress.34．________(ignore)thedifferencesbetweenthetworesearchfindingswillbeoneoftheworstmistakesyoumake.35．___________(feed)ahungryfamilycanbeexpensive.36．_______(learn)Chineseisamust,whichislikelytomakeyourlivinginChinamorecomfortable.37．_______(swim)isoneofthebestsports,whichkeepsmeingoodhealth.38．________(pursue)yourpassionisanecessary—butnotsufficient-conditionforagreatcareer,soitisessentialtofindyourpassionasastartingpoint.39．_____(attempt)tochangesomeoneelse’sattitudetowardslifeisawasteoftimeandenergy.40．________(grab)thischanceiswhatyoushoulddonow.41．________(watch)thedolphinandsealionshowsisbotheducationalandfun.42．_______________(plant)moretreesisgoodforhuman’shealth.43．________(occupy)indesigninganewrobotcausedthegirltohavenotimetoplay.44．________(know)howtothinkclearlyandhowtospeakcorrectlygivesoneconfidence.45．_______(travel)isinterestingbuttiring.46．Doingexerciseoutdoorsratherthan________(go)ondietshelpstokeepyouslim.47．InChineseculture,_____(point)atotherswithafingerisconsideredtobeimpolite.48．________(strength)socialdevelopmentisanimportantguaranteeofmaintainingsocialharmonyandstability.49．Simply________(say)thankyoudoesn’tseemenoughincertainsituations.50．What’smore,________(do)houseworkcanbeaformofmentalrelaxationfromstudy.51．________(take)regularexerciseisgoodforourhealth.52．AsIhavementioned,________(devote)myenergytoteachinginthedistantvillageismydesireafterIretire.53．Mary’s________(marry)suchanoldmanmadeusallsurprised.54．__________(invite)totheeveningpartyisagreathonorforme.55．Lookatthesign.Thereisno__________(swim)here.56．Not__________(give)enoughpraisecanbejustasdamagingasgivingtoomuch.57．Connectingtothecommunityasyoufreelygiveyourtime,money,skills,orservices________(provide)arealjoy.58．Itisworthwhilefortheyoungman________(compare)thetwodesigns.59．____(set)goalswillmakeyouhavemoreconfidenceinyourself.60．Itisagreedthat________(read)isoneofthemosteffectivewaystoenlargeourvocabulary.第03讲动词ing形式作主语1．了解动词ing形式作主语的概念和用法。2．可以根据本节课的内容来完成一些习题。1、关于动词ing形式的基本情况(1)．动词ing形式是动词的一种非谓语形式，包括现在分词和动名词两种。动词ing形式在句中的语法作用：动名词在句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语，现在分词在句中作状语、宾语补足语和定语。(2)．动词ing形式的时态和语态。Readingaloudisagoodwaytolearnalanguage.大声朗读是学习语言的一种好方法。Havingstudiedhislessonsveryhard,hepassedtheexam.努力学习了功课,他通过了考试。Thebuildingbeingbuiltnowwillbefinishednextmonth.正在建设的建筑物下个月将完工。Havingbeenlaughedatforhislameness,theboybecameshyandinhibited.那男孩因跛脚被人讥笑,变得羞怯。【归纳用法】2、动词ing形式作主语(1)．动词ing形式作主语Sayingisonething,anddoingisanother.说是一回事，而做是另一回事。Havingawalkeverydayhelpstomakeonekeephealthy.每天散步有助于一个人保持健康。【归纳用法】动词ing形式作主语，往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作，通常置于句首。[名师点津]动名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。Climbingmountainsisreallydifficultfortheold.对于老人来说爬山确实困难。(2)形式主语it代替动词ing形式作主语。Itisawasteoftimepersuadingsuchapersontojoinus.劝说这种人加入我们是浪费时间。Itisnogood/useregrettingforthepast.悔恨过去是没用的。【归纳用法】此类句式常见的有：It'sawasteoftimedoingsth.做某事是浪费时间It'suseless/worthwhiledoingsth.做某事没用/是值得的It'snogood/use/fundoingsth.做某事没好处/没用/没意思3、动词ing的复合结构作主语动名词的复合结构作主语。形式通常有两种：Theircomingtohelpwasagreatencouragementtous.他们前来帮忙对我们来说是巨大的鼓舞。His/Tom'sbeinglatemadetheteacherveryangry.他的/汤姆的迟到使老师很生气。Jerry'snotarrivingontimemadethepeoplepresentangry.杰里未能按时到达令在场的人很生气。【归纳用法】(1)作主语的动词ing的复合结构的肯定形式为：形容词性物主代词/名词的所有格＋doing...。(2)作主语的动词ing的复合结构的否定形式为：形容词性物主代词/名词的所有格＋notdoing...。

1．Inrecentyears,________(rent)clotheshasbecomeanincreasinglypopulartrendamongpeopleofallages.2．_______(slide)intothehabitwaseasy,butitwasdifficulttoquitthehabit.3．_____________(examine)twiceayear,whetheritisacar,abusoratruck,istherulethateverydrivershouldobeyinthiscity.4．________(digitise)ancientartallowsustoexplorethepracticesoflongago.5．AsIgetolder,cominghomeand______(be)withmyentirefamilyisthemostimportantpartofit.6．________(be)abletoappreciateartisverysatisfying.7．________(visit)artgallerieshelpsyouunderstanddifferentcultures.8．________(draw)realisticportraitsofpeopleisverydifficult.9．________(add)BeijingOperatothebasiceducationinChinaisabigsteptopromotetraditionalart.10．_________(expose)tostrongsunlightcanbeharmfultohumanskin.11．________(design)agreatflagisverydifficult,asyouaretryingtosqueezeawholenationintoasmallbox.12．His________(come)latemadetheteacherveryangry.13．________(get)involvedinanewandemergingbusinesscanberiskyandalsobeprofitable.14．________(adapt)toschoollifequicklyisimportantforfreshmen,whichwillinfluencetheirperformance.15．Itisnouse______________(reason)withhim.16．________(turn)18alsochangedthewaythatsocietyviewedme.17．________(attend)trainingclassesmeanscostingthemmuchmoney.18．Beforeyoubegin,it’sworthwhile________(understand)theexampleapplicationyou’llbuild.19．It’snouse________(cry)overspiltmilk.20．Manypeopleagreethat________(go)toamuseumisagoodwayoflearningaboutancienttreasures.21．________(play)tricksonothersissomethingweshouldneverdo.22．________(live)inthecountrysidehasbothadvantagesanddisadvantages.23．________(get)uplatemeansmissingtheearlybus.24．________(collect)stampstakesalotofhissparetime.25．________(Read)isnecessaryforyoutoexpandyourknowledge.26．________(Consult)thiskindofdictionaryisreallyapieceofcake.27．Insomeways,________(learn)toprogramacomputerissimilartolearninganewlanguage.28．________(make)eyecontactisn’talwayseasy;itcanfeeluncomfortableattimes,especiallywhenyouhaven’tyetbuiltarelationshipwiththeotherperson.29．Inaword,__________(get)alongwellwithyourclassmatesisconsideredanimportantthing.30．________(jog)throughtheparkbecomesmyroutine.31．________(come)toGuizhouProvincetoteachhasbeenquiteanexcitingexperienceforhim.32．Itisawasteoftime________(persuade)himtogiveuptheplan.33．________(become)awareofwhatcausesyourworrywillhelptoreducethestress.34．________(ignore)thedifferencesbetweenthetworesearchfindingswillbeoneoftheworstmistakesyoumake.35．___________(feed)ahungryfamilycanbeexpensive.36．_______(learn)Chineseisamust,whichislikelytomakeyourlivinginChinamorecomfortable.37．_______(swim)isoneofthebestsports,whichkeepsmeingoodhealth.38．________(pursue)yourpassionisanecessary—butnotsufficient-conditionforagreatcareer,soitisessentialtofindyourpassionasastartingpoint.39．_____(attempt)tochangesomeoneelse’sattitudetowardslifeisawasteoftimeandenergy.40．________(grab)thischanceiswhatyoushoulddonow.41．________(watch)thedolphinandsealionshowsisbotheducationalandfun.42．_______________(plant)moretreesisgoodforhuman’shealth.43．________(occupy)indesigninganewrobotcausedthegirltohavenotimetoplay.44．________(know)howtothinkclearlyandhowtospeakcorrectlygivesoneconfidence.45．_______(travel)isinterestingbuttiring.46．Doingexerciseoutdoorsratherthan________(go)ondietshelpstokeepyouslim.47．InChineseculture,_____(point)atotherswithafingerisconsideredtobeimpolite.48．________(strength)socialdevelopmentisanimportantguaranteeofmaintainingsocialharmonyandstability.49．Simply________(say)thankyoudoesn’tseemenoughincertainsituations.50．What’smore,________(do)houseworkcanbeaformofmentalrelaxationfromstudy.51．________(take)regularexerciseisgoodforourhealth.52．AsIhavementioned,________(devote)myenergytoteachinginthedistantvillageismydesireafterIretire.53．Mary’s________(marry)suchanoldmanmadeusallsurprised.54．__________(invite)totheeveningpartyisagreathonorforme.55．Lookatthesign.Thereisno__________(swim)here.56．Not__________(give)enoughpraisecanbejustasdamagingasgivingtoomuch.57．Connectingtothecommunityasyoufreelygiveyourtime,money,skills,orservices________(provide)arealjoy.58．Itisworthwhilefortheyoungman________(compare)thetwodesigns.59．____(set)goalswillmakeyouhavemoreconfidenceinyourself.60．Itisagreedthat________(read)isoneofthemosteffectivewaystoenlargeourvocabulary.参考答案：1．renting【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：近年来，租衣服在各个年龄段的人们中越来越流行。作句子的主语应用动名词形式，故填renting。2．Sliding【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：染上这种习惯很容易，但要戒掉却很难。分析句子可知，空处和intothehabit作前半句的主语，是非谓语动词，应用slide的动名词形式sliding，且空处位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Sliding。3．Beingexamined【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：无论是小汽车、公共汽车还是卡车，每年检查两次，这是这个城市每个司机都应该遵守的规定。分析句子可知，设空处在句中作主语，逻辑主语it与动词examine之间为被动关系，故此处应用动名词的被动式beingdone结构，设空处位于句首，需首字母大写。故填Beingexamined。4．Digitising【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：将古代艺术数字化可以让我们探索很久以前的习俗。分析句子结构可知，此处是动名词短语作主语，结合句意可知，此处表示主动意义,且位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Digitising。5．being【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：随着年龄的增长，回家和家人在一起是最重要的部分。分析句子可知，此处为动名词形式，和and连接的cominghome构成并列动名词短语作句子的主语。故填being。6．Being【详解】考查动名词。句意：能够欣赏艺术是非常令人满足的。空处作主语，且表示概念性的行为，应用动名词形式，首字母应大写。故填Being。7．Visiting【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：参观艺术画廊可以帮助你了解不同的文化。分析句子可知，空处作主语，需用非谓语动词的形式，且句子描述的是抽象动作，应用visit的动名词形式，且空处位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Visiting。8．Drawing【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：画逼真的人物肖像是很困难的。作句子的主语应用动名词形式，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Drawing。9．Adding/Toadd【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在中国的基础教育中加入京剧是促进传统艺术的一大步。分析句子结构可知空处作主语，可用动名词或不定式，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Adding/Toadd。10．Exposure/Beingexposed【详解】考查名词，动名词。句意：暴露在强烈的阳光下可能对人体皮肤有害。分析句子成分可知，空处应为主语，故可用名词exposure作主语，也可用动名词作主语，beexposedto为固定搭配“暴露于……”，故应为beingexplosed作主语。故填Exposure/Beingexposed。11．Designing/Todesign【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：设计一面伟大的国旗是非常困难的，因为你要把整个国家塞进一个小盒子里。分析句子，句中is为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词，此处缺少主语成分，故使用动名词作状语，表示抽象动作，或者不定式作主语，表示具体动作。design为动词，意为“设计”。同时该空置于句首，首字母大写。故填Designing或者Todesign。12．coming【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他的迟到让老师非常生气。分析可知，空处应填come的动名词形式，和his构成动名词复合结构作主语。故填coming。13．Getting【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：参与一项新兴的业务可能有风险，同时也可能利润很大。分析句子结构，谓语动词为canbe，故空处需要用动名词形式作主语。故填Getting。14．Adapting【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：快速适应学校生活对新生来说很重要，这将影响他们的表现。作主语，应用名词形式，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Adapting。15．reasoning【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：跟他讲道理是没有用的。分析句子结构，itisnousedoing为固定搭配，表示“做……是没用的”，与句子表达的含义一致，故填reasoning。16．Turning【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：年满18岁也改变了社会对我的看法。此处作主语，应用动名词。故填Turning。17．Attending【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：参加培训班意味着要花他们很多钱。此处作主语，应用动名词形式。故填Attending。18．tounderstand/understanding【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在你开始之前，了解你将要构建的示例应用程序是值得的。此处考查句型itisworthwhiletodosth或itisworthwhiledoingsth，为固定句型，表示“做某事是值得的”。设空处为非谓语动词，it为形式主语，设空处为动词不定式tounderstand或动名词understanding，作主语。故填tounderstand/understanding。19．crying【详解】考查动名词。句意：覆水难收。固定句型Itisnousedoing…意为“做……是没有用的”，it是形式主语，用动名词作真正的主语。故填crying。20．going【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：许多人同意去博物馆是了解古代宝藏的好方法。此处应用动名词作宾语从句中的主语，表示经常性习惯性的动作，在口语中也可以表示具体的动作。故填going。21．Playing【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：捉弄别人是我们永远不应该做的事。此处作主语，应用动名词形式，单词位于句首，首字母大写。故填Playing。22．Living【详解】考查动名词。句意：住在乡下有利有弊。分析句子结构可知，“_______inthecountryside”是句子主语，表示泛指的动作，故用动名词作主语。故填Living。23．Getting【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：起床晚就意味着会误早班公交汽车。此处应用动名词作主语，表示经常性习惯性的动作，在口语中也可以表示具体的动作。句首字母大写，故填Getting。24．Collecting【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：集邮占用了他大量的业余时间。此处作主语，应用动名词。故填Collecting。25．Reading【详解】考查动名词。句意：阅读对你扩展知识是必要的。作主语，应用动名词reading。句首单词首字母大写。故填Reading。26．Consulting【详解】考查动名词。句意：查阅这种词典真实小菜一碟。根据句子结构可知，空处缺少主语，结合提示词，用动名词作主语，句首单词首字母大写。故填Consulting。27．learning【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在某些方面，学习计算机编程类似于学习一门新语言。设空处应用动名词作主语。故填learning。28．Making【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：眼神交流并不总是那么容易；有时这会让你感到不舒服，尤其是当你还没有和对方建立起关系的时候。此处作主语，表示一般性事实，应用动名词，首字母大写。故填Making。29．getting【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：总之，与同学相处融洽被认为是一件重要的事情。作句子的主语，指一般性事实，应用动名词形式。故填getting。30．Jogging【详解】考查动名词。句意：慢跑穿过公园成了我的日常。动名词作主语，谓语动词用单数。故填jogging。31．Coming【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：来贵州教书对他来说是一次非常激动人心的经历。该句缺少主语，故用动名词形式作主语。句首单词首字母要大写。故填Coming。32．persuading【详解】考查动名词。句意：说服他放弃这个计划是浪费时间。此处是考查固定句型Itisawasteoftimedoingsomething，其it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动名词短语。故填persuading。33．Becoming【详解】考查动名词短语作主语。句意：意识到是什么导致了你的担忧，这将有助于减轻压力。结合句意空处应填动名词形式，becomingawareofwhatcausesyourworry为动名词短语做主语，空处位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Becoming。34．Ignoring【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：忽视这两个研究结果之间的差异将是你犯的最严重的错误之一。分析句子结构可知，已有谓语动词willbe，空处需填动名词作主语，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Ignoring。35．Feeding【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为一家子饥饿的人张罗食物要花不少钱。分析句子结构，谓语动词为canbe，故空处需要填动名词作主语，位于句首需要大写首字母。故填Feeding。36．Learning【详解】考查动名词。句意：学习中文是必须的，这可能会让你在中国的生活更舒适。根据句子结构可知，空处为主语，提示词为动词，且陈述一般情况，故用动名词做主语，句首首字母大写，故填Learning。37．Swimming【详解】考查动名词。句意：游泳是最好的运动之一，它使我保持健康。空处作主语，表示抽象的动作，应用动名词作主语，首字母应大写。故填Swimming。38．Pursuing【详解】考查动名词。句意：追求你的激情是成就伟大事业的必要条件——但不是充分条件，所以找到你的激情作为起点是很重要的。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作主语，表示一般的、抽象的概念，故应用动名词形式作主语，首字母应大写。故填Pursuing。39．Attempting【详解】考查动名词。句意：试图改变别人的生活态度是浪费时间和精力。分析句子可知，空格处应填入动名词作主语，置于句首首字母应大写。故填Attempting。40．Grabbing【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：抓住这个机会是你现在应该做的。分析句子结构可知，已有谓语动词is，空处需填动名词作主语，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Grabbing。41．Watching【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：观看海豚和海狮表演既有教育意义又很有趣。分析句子结构可知，此处应为非谓语动词作主语，结合句意可知，此处指的是经常性发生的动作，所以使用动名词作主语，且表示主动意义，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Watching。42．Planting【详解