2026-2026学年新目标人教版初中英语中考英语短语分类记忆手册

2026-2026学年新目标人教版初中英语中考英语短语分类记忆手册亲爱的同学们，时光荏苒，中考的脚步日益临近。在初中英语学习的旅程中，短语的积累与运用如同基石，支撑着我们阅读的流畅、听力的敏锐、口语的地道以及写作的丰富。为了帮助大家更高效、更系统地掌握中考核心短语，特编撰此《中考英语短语分类记忆手册》。本手册严格依据最新人教版教材及中考考纲要求，对初中阶段必须掌握的短语进行了科学分类与梳理，旨在为大家提供一份实用、便捷的复习工具。希望同学们能充分利用这份手册，勤加练习，将这些短语内化为自己的语言能力，在即将到来的中考中取得优异成绩。一、动词短语(VerbalPhrases)动词短语是构成句子谓语的核心，掌握它们对于理解句意和正确表达至关重要。1.动词+介词(Verb+Preposition)*agreewith同意（某人或观点）*Iagreewithyouonthismatter.*arrivein/at到达（大地方/小地方）*WearrivedinBeijingyesterday.Theyarrivedatthestationjustnow.*askfor请求，要求*Heaskedforhelpwhenhewasintrouble.*beginwith以……开始*OurEnglishclassbeginswithasong.*believein相信，信任*Weshouldbelieveinourselves.*careabout关心，在乎*Myparentsalwayscareaboutme.*dependon依靠，取决于*Successdependsonhardwork.*hearfrom收到……的来信*Ihaven'theardfrommypenpalforalongtime.*lookafter照顾，照料*PleaselookaftermypetwhileI'maway.*lookfor寻找*Whatareyoulookingforunderthedesk?*payattentionto注意*Pleasepayattentiontoyourpronunciation.*preparefor为……做准备*Wearepreparingforthefinalexam.*searchfor搜寻，查找*Theyaresearchingforthelostchild.*shoutat对……大喊大叫*It'snotpolitetoshoutatothers.*thinkabout考虑*I'mthinkingaboutwheretogoforvacation.2.动词+副词(Verb+Adverb)*giveup放弃*Nevergiveup,andyouwillsucceed.*puton穿上，戴上；上演*Putonyourcoat,it'scoldoutside.Theschoolwillputonaplaynextweek.*takeoff脱下；（飞机）起飞*Takeoffyourshoesbeforeenteringtheroom.Theplanewilltakeoffintenminutes.*turnon打开（电器等）*Pleaseturnonthelight,it'sdark.*turnoff关闭（电器等）*Don'tforgettoturnofftheTVwhenyouleave.*turnup调大（音量等）；出现*Canyouturnupthemusicalittle?Hedidn'tturnupattheparty.*turndown调小（音量等）；拒绝*Pleaseturndowntheradio.Sheturneddownhisinvitation.*lookup查阅（词典等）；向上看*Youcanlookupnewwordsinthedictionary.Helookedupandsawabird.*pickup捡起；（开车）接某人*Shepickedupawalletonthestreet.I'llpickyouupattheschoolgate.*putaway把……收起来放好*Pleaseputawayyourtoysafterplaying.*wakeup醒来*Iusuallywakeupearlyinthemorning.*writedown写下，记下*Pleasewritedownthenewwords.3.动词+名词+介词(Verb+Noun+Preposition)*takecareof照顾，照料*Weshouldtakecareoftheelderly.*makeuseof利用*Weshouldmakegooduseofourtime.*payattentionto注意（同前，但此处强调名词attention）*Payattentiontothetrafficrules.*losesightof看不见*Welostsightoftheshipinthefog.4.动词+副词+介词(Verb+Adverb+Preposition)*catchupwith赶上*Studyhardandyouwillcatchupwithothers.*Hecameupwithagoodidea.*getalongwith与……相处*Shegetsalongwellwithherclassmates.*lookforwardto期待，盼望*I'mlookingforwardtoseeingyousoon.*runoutof用完，耗尽*Wehaverunoutofoil.二、介词短语(PrepositionalPhrases)介词短语在句中扮演多种角色，如定语、状语等，用以说明时间、地点、方式、原因等。1.时间介词短语*inthemorning/afternoon/evening在早上/下午/晚上*atnoon/night在中午/夜里*onMonday(morning)在周一（上午）*inJanuary在一月*inspring在春天*attheageof在……岁时*foralongtime很长一段时间*duringtheholiday在假期期间*bytheendof到……结束时2.地点介词短语*intheclassroom在教室里*onthedesk在桌子上*infrontof在……前面*behindthedoor在门后面*nextto紧挨着*between...and...在……和……之间*inthemiddleof在……中间*onthewayto在去……的路上3.其他常用介词短语*inEnglish用英语*bybus乘公共汽车*withasmile带着微笑*forexample例如*insteadof代替，而不是*becauseof因为*inorderto为了*accordingto根据*asaresult结果*infact事实上三、形容词短语(AdjectivePhrases)形容词短语常用来描述名词的特征或状态，通常由“形容词+介词”构成。*angrywith对……生气*Mymotherwasangrywithmeforbeinglate.*busywith忙于……*Heisbusywithhishomework.*differentfrom与……不同*Myopinionisdifferentfromyours.*famousfor因……而著名*Thiscityisfamousforitsbeautifulscenery.*fullof充满……*Thebottleisfullofwater.*goodat擅长……*Sheisgoodatplayingthepiano.*interestedin对……感兴趣*Iaminterestedinreadingbooks.*latefor迟到*Don'tbelateforschool.*proudof为……感到骄傲*Weareproudofourcountry.*readyfor为……做好准备*Areyoureadyfortheexam?*sorryfor为……感到抱歉*I'msorryforbreakingyourcup.四、名词短语(NounPhrases)名词短语通常由“名词+介词”构成，在句中可作主语、宾语、表语等。*alotof/lotsof许多，大量*Therearealotofbooksinthelibrary.*akindof一种*Appleisakindoffruit.*allkindsof各种各样的*Thereareallkindsofflowersinthegarden.*anumberof许多（修饰可数名词复数）*Anumberofstudentsareplayingontheplayground.*thenumberof……的数量（作主语时谓语动词用单数）*Thenumberofstudentsinourclassisfifty.*infrontof(参见介词短语，此处强调名词性)*ontheotherhand另一方面五、情景交际短语(SituationalPhrases)这些短语在日常交流中非常实用，也是中考听力和口语题型中常见的考点。*Excuseme.打扰一下。*Sorry./I'msorry.对不起。*Thankyou./Thanksalot.谢谢。/非常感谢。*That'sallright./Itdoesn'tmatter.没关系。*Goodmorning/afternoon/evening.早上/下午/晚上好。*Goodbye./Seeyou.再见。*Howareyou?你好吗？*Fine,thankyou.Andyou?很好，谢谢。你呢？*What'syourname?你叫什么名字？*Thisis...(speaking).（打电话时）我是……*MayIspeakto...?我可以和……说话吗？*Wouldyoulike...?你想要……吗？*Yes,please./No,thanks.好的。/不用了，谢谢。*Helpyourself.请自便。*Congratulations!祝贺你！*Happybirthday!生日快乐！*What'sthematter?/What'swrong?怎么了？六、其他重要短语(OtherImportantPhrases)*assoonas一……就……*IwillcallyouassoonasIarrive.*as...aspossible尽可能……*both...and...两者都……*BothTomandMarylikemusic.*either...or...或者……或者……*Eitheryouorheisright.*neither...nor...既不……也不……*NeitherhenorIcanspeakFrench.*notonly...butalso...不仅……而且……*Hecannotonlysingbutalsodance.*so...that...如此……以至于……*Heissotiredthathecan'twalk.*too...to...太……而不能……*Theboxistooheavytocarry.*Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.做某事花费某