模块四　第11讲　名词性从句

语法精析•洞悉考情语法精讲•把握规律第11讲名词性从句语法精析•洞悉考情【考情探究】近3年新高考卷对于名词性从句的考查共计1次,主要考查:速览考频新高考Ⅰ、Ⅱ卷202420232022主语从句000宾语从句000表语从句010同位语从句000【备考策略】

语法填空对名词性从句的考查仍然不会成为高考的重点,需要注意:

第1步判断是否属于名词性从句;第2步判断名词性从句中的连接词;若从句中缺少主语、宾语或表语,用连接代词;若缺少状语就用连接副词;如果不缺少成分则要考虑意思是否完整,是否需要用whether/if;如果不缺少成分且意思完整用that。语法精讲•把握规律考点一引导词

名词性从句由不同的引导词引导,从句一般保持陈述语序。引导名词性从句的连接词可分为3类:1.that引导的名词性从句that只起连接主句和从句的作用,在从句中不担任任何成分,本身也没有词义。该从句作主语通常用it作形式主语,而将从句置于句末。※Scientistshaveobtainedmoreevidencethat

plastic

is

finding

its

way

into

the

human

body.(同位语从句)※Itissuggestedthat

we

should

limit

the

amount

of

cars

to

improve

our

environment.(主语从句)2.wh-引导的名词性从句wh-包括who,whom,whose,whoever,what,whatever,which,whichever等连接代词和where,when,why等连接副词。wh-词既起连接作用,还可充当主语、宾语和表语等。从句作主语也常用it作形式主语,而将wh-从句置于句末。※Itremainstobeseenhow

these

obstacles

will

help

or

hurt

its

economy.【点津】

(1)what引导的名词性从句what作连接代词引导的名词性从句既可以表示一个问“什么……?”的问题,也可以表示相当于“名词/代词+关系代词引导的定语从句”结构的意思,意思是“所……的事/物”,相当于thething(s)that/which...。如:※Thisiswhat(=the

thing

that)wehavebeenlookingforwardtoforyears.(2)wh-ever既可引导名词性从句,又可引导让步状语从句;而nomatterwh-只能引导让步状语从句。※Thegoldmedalwillbeawardedtowhoever(anyonewho)winsthefirstplaceinthebicyclerace.※Nooneisallowedtobreaktheregulations,whoever(anyonewho)heis.3.if,whether引导的名词性从句(1)引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句时一般用whether,不用if。※Thequestioniswhethertechnologyisgoingtobeourservantorourmaster.(2)whether与if引导宾语从句时大多数情况下可以互换,但下列情况只能用whether:①后面直接跟ornot时用whether※Theynowhavetwoweekstodecidewhether

or

nottobuy.②用于介词后引导宾语从句时用whether※Butifhe’soutthereeverydayandplayinghard,youshouldpraisehiseffortregardlessofwhetherhisteamwinsorloses.【活学活用】(1)(2024·扬州模拟)Inessence,DigitalDunhuangisaproofof_____

cutting-edgetechnologycanserveasapowerfultoolforculturalconservation.(2)(2024·九省联考七选五改编)Whileitmaybe_____

youdon’tneedexpensiveequipmenttotakeuprunning,it’simportant_____

youwearproperlyforyourworkouts.(3)(2024·黄冈模拟改编)LinPeng,thedirectorofChina’sInstituteofAncientCitiesandCulturalStudies,pointedout_____

therearemorethan2,800developedordevelopingancienttownsinourcountry,whichisdefinitelythehighestnumberglobally.howthatthatthat(4)(2024·黄冈模拟改编)Healsodiscussed_____

dementia(痴呆)mayultimatelyeffectdisorderedforgettingmorethanlostmemories.(5)(2024·全国甲卷D篇改编)Prof.Gracie,withallhispatience,askedmetothinkaboutitbeyond_________

Ilikeditornot.(6)(2024·全国甲卷完形改编)Iguessourdifferentchildhoodbackgroundis______

makesmygrandmothersuchanamazingpersontotalkto.howwhetherwhat考点二主语从句主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句,通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替,而本身放在句子末尾。【点津】it作形式主语的句型有:①Itis+名词+从句Itisafactthat...事实是……Itisgoodnewsthat...……是好消息Itisaquestionthat...……是个问题Itiscommonknowledgethat...……是常识类似的名词还有:apity;awonder;agoodthing;nowonder;asurprise等。※It

is

good

news

thatourteamhaswonthechampionship.※It

is

a

pity

thatIhavemissedawonderfulboxingmatch.②Itis+形容词+从句Itisnecessarythat...有必要……Itisclearthat...很清楚……Itislikelythat...很可能……Itisimportantthat...重要的是……类似的形容词还有:strange;natural;obvious;true;good;wonderful;possible;unlikely;quiet;unusual;certain;evident;worthwhile;surprising;interesting;astonishing等。※It

is

likely

thatthegoodshavemetwithsomeaccidentontheway.※It

is

strange

thatheshouldhavegoneawaywithouttellingus.③Itis+过去分词+从句Itissaidthat...据说……Itisreportedthat...据报道……Ithasbeenprovedthat...已证明……Itmustbepointedoutthat...必须指出……类似的过去分词(词组)还有:known;estimated;expected;believed;thought;hoped;noted;discussed;required;decided;suggested;demanded;madeclear;foundout等。※It

is

reported

thattheaffectedareaisunderfurtherdetailedinvestigation.※It

has

been

proved

thateverysubstance,nomatterwhatitis,ismadeupofatoms.【活学活用】(1)(2024·长沙模拟)Itisamazing_____

distinctHunancookingiscomparedtoitsconfusingSichuancousin.(2)(2025·黄冈模拟改编)______

issuggestedisthatwhenwecan’trecallanoldphonenumberorahighschoolteacher’sname,thosedetailsarenotnecessarilylost.(3)(2024·全国甲卷语法填空改编)______

shouldbedonewithsuchabeautifulplace?Theywonderedoutloud.howWhatWhat(4)(2024·银川模拟改编)It’ssaid_____

EmperorYaobecameverydisheartenedwhenhissonbehavedbadly.(5)Thescientistsbelieve______

causedwhalestogetsolargewasachangeintheEarth’sclimateonlyabout3millionyearsago.(6)However,ifothersbenefitintheprocess,andIgetsomerewardtoo,doesitreallymatter_______

mymotivationlies?thatwhatwhere考点三宾语从句

宾语从句在复合句中起宾语的作用,既可作动词的宾语,也可作介词的宾语(作介词的宾语时必须由wh-疑问词引导)。1.that的省略与否that引导宾语从句时,在句中不充当任何成分,在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去,但如果从句是并列句时,第二个分句前的that不可省略。如:※Hesaid(that)youweretooyoungtounderstandthematterandthathewasaskednottotellyou.2.句子的语序由who,whom,which,whose,what,when,where,why,how,whoever,whichever等引导的宾语从句,应注意句子的语序要用陈述语序。例如:※Canyouexplainwhyhedidn’tcometothepartylastSunday?【点津】

①think,believe,imagine,suppose等动词引导的否定性宾语从句中,要把上述主句中的动词变为否定式。即将从句中的否定形式转移到主句中。※I

don’t

thinkthefoodhereagreeswithme.※We

don’t

believehestolemoneyfromtheshop.②动词doubt用在疑问句或否定句中时,其后宾语从句常用that作连接词;用在肯定句中时,连接词用whether或if皆可,而不用that。※Doyoudoubtthathewillwinthematch?※Idon’tdoubtthathecandoagoodjobofit.※Heoftendoubtswhether/ifheisadequateasafather.【活学活用】(1)(2024·南通模拟)Whiletraditionalshadowplayofteninvolvesfancyhandmadepuppetsandfascinatingstorytelling,contemporaryartistshaveexplorednewtechniques,pushingtheboundariesof______

ispossiblewithshadowplay.(2)(2024·郑州模拟)Thinkingofthefirst3digits(数位)ofpi(3.14),youcanquicklyworkout_____

March14waschosenasthedateforPiDay.(3)(2024·镇江模拟)Afterreceivingthechallenge,ittookSongandhercolleaguessixmonthstoresearchanddecideon_____

torestorethebooks.whatwhyhow(4)(2024·广州模拟)Accordingtothetheory,spending20minutesinaparkdailyhelpstoreducestress,regardlessof_________

peopleexerciseinitorsimplytakeawalk.(5)(2024·苏州模拟)YoucanvisitateaplantationinHangzhouorelsewheretolearn_____

teaisgrownandharvested.(6)(2024·北京高考C篇改编)Searchingtheterm“simulationhypothesis”(模拟假说)returnsnumerousresultsthatdebate__________

theuniverseisacomputersimulation.whetherhowwhether/if考点四表语从句表语从句除了用that,what,when,why,whether,how等引导外,还可由because,asif(though)等引导。that引导表语从句,无词义,只起连接作用,不可省略。※Withouthissupport,wewouldn’tbewherewearenow.※Byboatistheonlywaytogethere,whichishowwearrived.※Itlooksas

ifasandstormiscomingup.※Thefactofthematteristhatmostpeopleconsumefarmoreproteinthantheyactuallyneed.【点津】

①whether可引导表语从句,但与之同义的if不用于引导表语从句。※Thequestioniswhetherhewilljoinusnexttime.②Thatisbecause...指原因或理由。Thatiswhy...指由于各种原因所造成的后果。※Hedidnotseethefilmlastnight.That

is

becausehehadtohelphislittlesisterwithherhomework.※Hehadseenthefilmbefore.That

is

whyhedidnotseeitlastnight.③当主语是reason时,表语从句要用that引导而不是because。※ThereasonwhyIwaslatewasthatmycarbrokedownontheway.【活学活用】(1)(2025·黄冈模拟改编)Thereasonwhythechoruswonthefirstplacewas_____

itunifiedcooperationandthejoyofexpressingoneself.(2)(2024·南通模拟)Henolongeroperatesbullettrainshimself,butisnowheadoftheHuairouNorthlocomotivedepot(机务段)inBeijing,whichisthecenteroftrainoperations,repairandmaintenance.Evenmoreimportantly,itis_______

allthedriversreceivetheirtraining.(3)(2024·安庆模拟)Whatisimportantis_____

asweenteranewlunaryearpeoplegloballyappreciatetheculturalvaluesembodiedinsuchChinesesymbolsasLoong.thatwherethat(4)(2024·浙江1月高考七选五改编)Themostobviousadvantageofonlinelearningis_____

youcanstudyanywhereandanytime.(5)(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷B篇改编)Ifheseemsalittledefensive,itmightbe________

evensomeofhiscoworkersoccasionallylaughathisunusualmethods.(6)(2024·全国甲卷B篇改编)Yourcatwilllikelysmellyourfaceandstorethesmellinitsmemoryanduseittorecognizeyouinthefuture.That’s_____

mostpetcatsareabletotellimmediatelyiftheirownerswerearoundanyothercats.thatbecausewhy考点五同位语从句同位语从句用于对前面出现的名词作进一步说明,一般用连词that引导。由于名词的意义不同,也可用whether,who,when,where,what,why,how等引导。常见的名词有fact,idea,belief,news,hope,conclusion,evidence,suggestion,order,problem,report,decision,word等。例如:※Wecametothedecisionthatwemustactatonce.※Ihavenoideawhenhewillcomeback.※Wedon’tunderstandtheproblemwhythisisthebestchoice.【点津】that引导同位语从句和定语从句的区别:同位语从句的that不充当句子成分,且不可省略;that引导的定语从句成分是残缺的,that代替先行词在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语,充当宾语时可省略。※Wearegladatthe

news

thathewillcome.听到他要来这个消息我们很高兴。(news的内容就是thathewillcome,故that引导的是同位语从句)※Wearegladatthe

news

thathetoldus.听到他告诉我们的这个消息我们很高兴。(that从句是限制thenews的内容的,即我们高兴只是因为他告诉的这个news而不是其他的news,故that从句为定语从句)【活学活用】(1)(2024·衡水模拟)GuanYu’ssurrender(投降)toCaoCao,underthecondition_____

hewouldleaveoncehelearnedofLiuBei’swhereabouts,presentedauniquechallenge.(2)(2024·浙江1月高考完形改编)Perhapsmostremarkable,however,wasthefact_____

thismanspenthoursstudy