新人教版八年级上册unit1-unit8知识点归纳+经典练习题

同学们，新学期的英语学习之旅已经过半，八年级上册的内容为我们打下了坚实的语言基础。为了帮助大家更好地梳理和巩固所学知识，我为大家精心整理了这份知识点归纳与经典练习题集。希望能陪伴大家温故知新，在英语学习的道路上稳步前行。Unit1Wheredidyougoonvacation?核心语法聚焦1.一般过去时：表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。谓语动词要用过去式。*标志性时间状语：yesterday,lastweek/year,twodaysago,in2020等。*动词过去式的构成：规则变化（加-ed）和不规则变化（需熟记）。2.动词不定式作后置定语：somethingtoeat/nothingtodo重点词汇与短语*动词及过去式：go-went,do-did,is/am-was,are-were,see-saw,eat-ate,buy-bought,meet-met,feel-felt,taste-tasted,have-had,enjoy-enjoyed,decide-decided,try-tried,seem-seemed经典练习题1.单项选择*-Howwasyourweekend?A.goB.wentC.willgoD.amgoing*答案与解析：B。由问句中的was可知谈论的是过去的事情，答句应用一般过去时，go的过去式是went。2.用所给词的适当形式填空*She______(buy)abeautifuldressyesterday.*They______(notgo)toschoollastMondaybecauseitwasaholiday.*答案与解析：bought;didn'tgo。第一句有时间状语yesterday，用buy的过去式bought。第二句有lastMonday，否定句借助助动词did，后接动词原形go。3.句型转换*Hedidhishomeworklastnight.(改为否定句)*He____________hishomeworklastnight.*答案与解析：didn'tdo。一般过去时的否定句，在实义动词前加didn't，动词过去式还原为原形do。Unit2Howoftendoyouexercise?核心语法聚焦1.频度副词：表示动作发生的频率。*常见频度副词：always(总是),usually(通常),often(经常),sometimes(有时),hardlyever(几乎不),never(从不)。*位置：通常放在实义动词之前，be动词、助动词、情态动词之后。2.Howoften引导的特殊疑问句：用于询问动作发生的频率，回答时用频度副词或表示频率的短语（如onceaweek,twiceamonth,threetimesayear等）。重点词汇与短语*动词：exercise,skateboard,hardly,ever,shop,swing,maybe*名词：housework,homework,result,activity,coffee,health,grade,interviewer*形容词：free,full,busy,unhealthy,healthy*短语：howoften,helpwithhousework,goshopping,onweekends,usetheInternet,swingdance,playtennis,stayuplate,atleast,eatahealthybreakfast,junkfood,begoodfor,gotothedentist,morethan,lessthan经典练习题1.单项选择*-______doyouvisityourgrandparents?*-Onceamonth.A.HowlongB.HowoftenC.HowsoonD.Howmany*答案与解析：B。根据答语"Onceamonth."可知询问频率，用howoften。2.用方框中所给词的适当形式填空(always,usually,often,sometimes,hardlyever,never)*Myfatherisverybusy,sohe______watchesTV.*She______goestoschoolonfoot,buttodayshetookabus.*答案与解析：hardlyever;usually。第一句说父亲忙，所以“几乎不”看电视。第二句表示通常步行，今天例外。3.根据答语写出问句*-____________________?*-Ireadbookstwiceaweek.*答案与解析：Howoftendoyoureadbooks?答语是频率，故用howoften提问，主语是you，助动词用do。Unit3I'mmoreoutgoingthanmysister.核心语法聚焦1.形容词的比较级：用于两者之间的比较。*规则变化：*一般在词尾加-er(tall-taller,short-shorter)。*以不发音的e结尾的词加-r(nice-nicer,fine-finer)。*以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词，变y为i再加-er(happy-happier,easy-easier)。*重读闭音节词，末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写该辅音字母再加-er(big-bigger,thin-thinner,hot-hotter)。*不规则变化：good/well-better,bad/badly-worse,many/much-more,little-less,far-farther/further。*常用结构：A+be+形容词比较级+than+B.(A比B更...)2.副词的比较级：用法与形容词比较级类似，修饰动词。*规则变化与形容词基本相同，以ly结尾的副词通常在前面加more(quickly-morequickly,carefully-morecarefully)。*常用结构：A+实义动词+副词比较级+than+B.重点词汇与短语*形容词：outgoing,better,loudly,quietly,hard-working,talented,serious,friendly,funny,smart,lazy,similar*副词：loudly,quietly,hard,harder,earlier*动词：both,win,care,laugh,share,reach,touch,break*短语：moreoutgoing,as...as,thesameas,bedifferentfrom,careabout,belike,besimilarto,primaryschool,bringout,getbettergrades,infact,makefriends,begoodat,betalentedin,laughat经典练习题1.单项选择*Mybrotherruns______thanme.A.fastB.fasterC.fastestD.thefastest*答案与解析：B。句中有than，应用副词fast的比较级faster。2.用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空*Thisstoryis______(interesting)thanthatone.*Sheisa______(hard-working)studentthanhersister.*答案与解析：moreinteresting;morehard-working。interesting是多音节形容词，比较级加more；hard-working是合成词，比较级在前面加more。3.句型转换*Tomistall.Jimistaller.(合并为一句)*Jimis____________Tom.*答案与解析：tallerthan。合并后表达“Jim比Tom高”。Unit4What'sthebestmovietheater?核心语法聚焦1.形容词的最高级：用于三者或三者以上的人或事物之间的比较，表示“最...”。*规则变化：*一般在词尾加-est(tall-tallest)。*以不发音的e结尾的词加-st(nice-nicest)。*以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词，变y为i再加-est(happy-happiest)。*重读闭音节词，末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写该辅音字母再加-est(big-biggest)。*不规则变化：good/well-best,bad/badly-worst,many/much-most,little-least,far-farthest/furthest。*常用结构：the+形容词最高级+(名词)+表示范围的短语或从句(in/of...)。2.副词的最高级：用法与形容词最高级类似。*规则变化：一般加-est，或most+副词原级。*常用结构：the+副词最高级+表示范围的短语或从句。重点词汇与短语*名词：theater,cinema,seat,screen,ticket,song,DJ,menu,meal,prize,role,example*动词：choose,act,meal,report经典练习题1.单项选择*Whichis______seasoninBeijing?*Ithinkit'sautumn.A.goodB.betterC.bestD.thebest*答案与解析：D。北京的季节有四个，三者以上比较用最高级，形容词最高级前要加the。2.用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空*Thisrestauranthasthe______(delicious)foodinourcity.*Hesings______(well)inhisclass.*答案与解析：mostdelicious;best。第一句有范围inourcity，delicious是多音节词，最高级用mostdelicious。第二句有范围inhisclass，well的最高级是best。3.根据汉语提示完成句子*哪家电影院离家最近？*Whichmovietheateris____________tohome?*答案与解析：theclosest。“最近”是close的最高级closest，前面加the。Unit5Doyouwanttowatchagameshow?核心语法聚焦1.动词不定式(todo)：在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等。本单元重点学习其作宾语的用法，即“wanttodosth.”(想要做某事)，“hopetodosth.”(希望做某事)，“plantodosth.”(计划做某事)，“expecttodosth.”(期待做某事)，“decidetodosth.”(决定做某事)等。2.情态动词may：表示请求或许可，意为“可以”。否定形式为maynot。重点词汇与短语*形容词：educational,meaningful,relaxing,boring,exciting,enjoyable,wonderful,famous,unlucky,lost,simple经典练习题1.单项选择*Mybrotherwants______apilotwhenhegrowsup.A.beB.tobeC.beingD.is*答案与解析：B。wanttodosth.是固定搭配，意为“想要做某事”。2.用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空*Sheexpects______(meet)herfavoritesingerattheconcert.*Wouldyoumind______(open)thewindow?It'shotinhere.*答案与解析：tomeet;opening。expecttodosth.期待做某事。minddoingsth.介意做某事。3.句型转换*Ilikegameshowsbecausetheyareexciting.(对划线部分提问)*____________you______gameshows?*答案与解析：Whydo;like。对原因提问用why，原句是一般现在时，主语是you，助动词用do，后面动词用原形like。核心语法聚焦1.一般将来时(begoingto+动词原形)：表示计划、打算、决定要做的事情，或根据迹象判断即将发生的事情。*构成：主语+am/is/are+goingto+动词原形+...*否定句：主语+am/is/are+not+goingto+动词原形+...*一般疑问句：Am/Is/Are+主语+goingto+动词原形+...?*常用时间状语：tomorrow,nextweek/month/year,soon,inthefuture,thisweekend等。2.wanttobe+职业：表示“想成为...”。重点词汇与短语*名词：doctor,engineer,violinist,driver,pilot,pianist,scientist,college,education,medicine,university,article,resolution,team,hobby,question,meaning,discussion,promise*动词：cook,grow,send,improve,discuss,promise,begin,write,agree*形容词：foreign,able,personal,own,weekly,physical经典练习题1.单项选择*-What______you______nextSunday?*-I'mgoingtovisitmygrandparents.A.do;doB.did;doC.will;doD.are;goingtodo*答案与解析：D。根据答语I'mgoingto...可知问句也应用begoingto结构询问计划。2.用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空*They______(build)anewschoolinourtownnextyear.*MyNewYear'sresolutionis______(learn)toplaytheguitar.*答案与解析：areg