2027届高三英语（人教版）一轮复习课件：选择性必修第三册　UNIT 4　ADVERSITY AND COURAGE

选择性必修第三册UNIT4

ADVERSITYANDCOURAGE必备知识•巧记活用核心考点•讲练提升关键能力•对点习得提能训练练案[30]核心素养•双写培优必备知识•巧记活用阅读词汇会认1．adversityn.________________2．expeditionn.________________________3．endurancen.____________________4．cupboardn.______________________5．stewardn.____________________________________________6．crush

vt.______________________n.________________7．stoven.

____________________困境；逆境探险；远征；探险队忍耐力；耐久力橱柜；壁橱；衣柜(轮船、飞机或火车上的)乘务员；服务员毁坏；压坏；压碎拥挤的人群炉具；厨房灶具8．banjon.____________________9．voyage

n.&vi.________________10．navyn.____________________11．decentadj.________________________________12．cosyadj.____________________13．crewn.

________________________________________________14．rugbyn.________________15．corporateadj.____________________________16．navigatorn.________________________________________17．episoden.______________________________________________18．motiven.

______________________

班卓琴(乐器)航海；航行海军；海军部队相当不错的；正派的；得体的温馨的；舒适的(轮船、飞机等上面的)全体工作人员;专业团队;一群人橄榄球运动公司的；法人的；社团的领航员；(飞机、船舶等上的)航行者(人生的)一段经历；(小说的)片段；插曲动机；原因；目的重点词汇会写1．_________adj.严寒的；激烈而不愉快的；味苦的2．_______n．工资3．_________(＝vigor)n．精力；力量；活力4．______vi.(sank/sunk,sunk)沉没；下沉；下降

vt.使下沉；使沉没5．__________

vt.舍弃；抛弃；放弃；遗弃6．__________n．毯子7．____________adj.痛苦的；令人难受的8．____________________adj.脾气好的/坏的9．__________adj.真正的；真诚的；可信赖的bitterwagevigoursinkabandonblanketmiserablegood/bad-temperedgenuine10．____________n．家具11．___________adj.深入的；彻底的；细致的12．_______vi.&n．(狗)吠叫；吠叫声；厉声质问13．______n．球拍；蝙蝠

vi.&

vt.用球板击球；挥打；拍打14．_______adj.潮湿的；湿气重的15．_____________n．娱乐；消遣；游戏16．_________n．侄子；外甥17．________adj.汹涌的；粗糙的；粗略的18．________n．发动机；马达adj.有引擎的；机动车的19．____________n．候选人；应试者furniturethoroughbarkbatdamprecreationnephewroughmotorcandidate拓展词汇会变1．____________adj.符合资格；具备……的知识(或技能、学历等)→_________v.(使)具有资格；(使)合格→________________

n.资格；资历；资格证书2．_______________adj.热情的；热心的→___________________adv.热情地→_____________n．热情；热忱3．_________adv.&prep.上(船、飞机、公共汽车等)→________v.上船(或火车、飞机、公共汽车等)；寄宿n．木板；董事会；伙食qualifiedqualifyqualificationenthusiasticenthusiasticallyenthusiasmaboardboard4．_________

vt.分派；布置；分配→_____________n．任务；作业；分配5．_______n．&

vt.羡慕；妒忌→__________adj.嫉妒的；羡慕的6．_____________n．[pl.]财物；动产→_________vi.属于；应在(某处)7．_________adj.自私的→__________adv.自私地→_____________n.自私8．______________n.毅力；韧性；不屈不挠的精神→___________vi.坚持；孜孜以求assignassignmentenvyenviousbelongingsbelongselfishselfishlyselfishnessperseverancepersevere9．__________vi.&

vt.决定；决心；解决(问题或困难)n．决心；坚定的信念→_____________n．决议；解决；坚定；决心10．________adj.残酷的；残忍的；冷酷的→__________adv.残忍地；残酷地→__________n．残忍；残酷11．________________adv.不幸地；遗憾地→______________(反)adv.幸运地→__________n．运气；财产12．___________n．指导；引导；导航→________n．导游；指南

vt.带领；引导；为……领路resolveresolutioncruelcruellycrueltyunfortunatelyfortunatelyfortuneguidanceguide13．______________n．广告活动；广告业→____________

vt.&vi.公布；宣传；做广告→________________n．广告；宣传14．________adj.忠诚的；忠实的→__________n．忠诚；忠实15．_____________n．承诺；保证；奉献→_________

vt.犯(错误、罪行等)vi.&

vt.(使)承担义务；(使)作出保证→____________adj.尽心尽力的；坚定的advertisingadvertiseadvertisementloyalloyaltycommitmentcommitcommitted运用巩固提能1．Ithappenedthattheplantdowntownneededeightkidsfortemporaryhelpduringourspringbreak,forwhichIhadnoplansbeyondlisteningtomyfavoriterecords.I'dearnminimum_______(工资)．2．(剑桥高阶)Wrapupwarmly—it's_________(严寒的)outside.3．LoveFone,acompanythatadvocatesrepairingcellphonesratherthan_____________(舍弃)them,openedaminiworkshopinaLondonphoneboxin2016.wagebitterabandoning4．(朗文当代)Thereformsaremotivatedbya_____________(真正的)concernforthedisabled.5．(剑桥高阶)Heshowedgreat________________(坚定)infacingtherobbers.6．(剑桥高阶)Theydida___________(深入的)searchoftheareabutfoundnothing.7．(柯林斯词典)Therestoftheapartmenthad______________(幸运地)remainedunalteredsincethattime.8．Myhusbandstoppedfishingtostartthe________(发动机)．genuineresolutionthoroughfortunatelymotor9．Readersareencouragedtocontinueexploringthedigitalworldwiththe___________(指导)ofourFurtherResourcessectionfeaturedineachvolume.10．OnawebsitecalledNoFlyClimateSci,forexample,__________(rough)200academics—manyofthemclimatescientists—havepromisedtoflyaslittleaspossiblesincetheeffortstartedtwoyearsago.11．TodayIamas_____________aboutmyjobasthefirstdayandmy____________enablesmetotreatmyjob_________________.(enthusiastic)guidanceroughlyenthusiasticenthusiasmenthusiastically12．Believeitornot,myhusbandtreatedme______________andhis_____________alwaysmademeinlowspirits.(cruel)13．Insteadof_________toloseweight,tryapractical___________：

“I'llstophavingdessertforlunch.”(resolve)14．He__________himselftoworkingdayandnight.His___________wonhimagreatreputation.(commit)15．He___________withhisviolinlessons.Itwashis______________thatenabledhimtobecomeadistinguishedviolinist.(persevere)cruellycrueltyresolvingresolutioncommittedcommitmentperseveredperseverance16．Unfortunately,allhis_____________havebeenstolen,sonothing__________tohim.(belong)17．Underthe___________ofthequalified_________,wetraveledaroundtheplacesofinterestveryhappily.(guide)18．He___________metothedifficult______________,soIcouldn'twasteanytime.(assign)belongingsbelongsguidanceguideassignedassignment【词汇素养】巧借前缀un-推测词义前缀un-：表示“不，无，非，没有”[本单元]fortunatelyadv.幸运地→unfortunatelyadv.不幸地；令人遗憾地[相关词]①unhappyadj.不快乐的，悲伤的②uncertainadj.不确定的，犹豫的③unfairadj.不公平的，不公正的④unusualadj.不寻常的，异常的1．(2024·全国甲卷)Youhavetobalancecreatinganendingthat'sunpredictable,butdoesn'tseemtocomefromnowhere,onethatfitswhat'srightforthecharacters.[词义]un＋predict(预料)＋able(形容词后缀)→unpredictable______________________2．Wewastefoodunintentionallyattimes.[词义]un＋intentionally(故意地)→unintentionally_________________adj.难以预料的adv.无意地3．Tostrengthentheconnectionwithyoungpeople...invitingtwenty-nineteaprofessionalsfromaroundtheworldtohavethirty-sixhoursofuninterruptedlivebroadcasts.[词义]un＋interrupt(打断)＋-ed→uninterrupted___________________4．Theplanwillextendprotectiontoasignificantnumberofareasthatwerepreviouslyunprotected,bringingmanyoftheexistingprotectedareasforgiantpandasunderoneauthoritytoincreaseeffectivenessandreduceinconsistenciesinmanagement.[词义]un＋protect(保护)＋ed→unprotected______________________adj.不间断的adj.未受保护的5．Evenworse,Ihadunthinkinglyboughtwaytoomuch;IcouldhavemadesixsaladswithwhatIthrewout.[词义]un＋thinking(思想的，有思考力的)＋ly→unthinkingly______________________6．Whencontributionsweremadebygeniusesoutsidetheclub—women,orpeopleofadifferentcolororbelief—theywereunacknowledgedandrejectedbyothers.[词义]un＋acknowledge(认可，承认)＋ed→unacknowledged______________________adv.考虑不周地adj.不被承认的7．(2025·全国Ⅱ卷)Youmayknowthe“feel-good”emotionsthatcomewithhelpingothers,butthereareevenmoreunexpectedwaysvolunteeringwillpositivelyaffectthewholefamily.[词义]un＋expect(预期)＋ed→unexpected______________________adj.出乎意料的写准记牢1．__________________拒绝(某人)；调低(音量)；调小2．____________生火3．___________放出(热、光、气味或气体)4．_________________梦想5．________________________对……充满热情6．_____________________陷于7．__________坚持turn(sb.)downmakefiregiveoffdreamof/aboutbeenthusiasticaboutbecome/bestuckinholdon8．_____________扔掉9．____________________设法做成某事10．_______________________每况愈下11．_______________使某人振作12．_____________________不受约束地做；自由地做throwawaymanagetodosth.gofrombadtoworsecheersb.upbefreetodosth.语境运用1．(朗文当代)Thewood_____________asweet,profoundsmellasitburned.2．(剑桥高阶)I____________livingonatropicisland.3．We_________________themiddleofthelakewithadeadmotor.4．(朗文当代)Here'sabitofnewsthatwill_________you______.5．Shewasupsettoknowthatherapplicationforthepositionwas_______________.gaveoffdreamofwerestuckincheerupturneddown【词汇拓展记忆】以“-ify”结尾的动词荟萃①qualify

vt.取得资格(或学历)②beautify

vt.使美化

vi.美化③purify

vt.净化；使纯净

vi.净化④identify

vt.确定；鉴定；识别⑤classify

vt.分类；归类⑥simplify

vt.简化；使单纯；使简易不可不记的“不可数名词”give短语总动员①furnituren．家具②experiencen．经验③knowledgen．知识④progressn．进步⑤equipmentn．设备⑥informationn．信息①giveoff放出(热、光、气味或气体)②givein屈服；投降；让步；上交③giveaway赠送；泄露④giveback归还⑤giveout分发；用完，消耗尽⑥giveup放弃；投降原句译背1．感叹句HoweveryonewillenvymewhenIcomebackandtellthemabouttheamazingplacesIhavebeento!__________________________________________________________________________等我回来时，当我告诉每个人我去过的那些神奇地方，大家该多么羡慕我啊！

2．before引导的时间状语从句Beforeweabandonedtheship,Shackletoncalmlycalledustogetherandtoldustorescueourmostessentialsupplies—thesmallboats,ourfood,thecookstove,candles,clothes,andblankets.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________在我们弃船之前，沙克尔顿镇定地把我们召集在一起，告诉我们要抢救我们最基本的供给品——小船、食物、炉子、蜡烛、衣服和毯子。

3．as...as...同级比较HowcouldIbecomeasselfishandbad-temperedasThomasOrde-Lees!__________________________________________________________4．aslongas引导条件状语从句Itwilleventuallyleadtosuccessaslongasyoupersevere.________________________________5．if引导的虚拟条件句Ifitweren'tforseaanimals,wewouldallstarve.__________________________________________我怎么能变得像托马斯·奥德利斯一样自私和脾气暴躁呢！

只要你坚持，最终就会成功。

要是没有海上的动物，我们都会饿死的。

仿写运用1．这对双胞胎给妈妈带来了多大的惊喜啊！

___________________________________thetwinsgavetothemother!2．做最终决定前，我将询问您的建议。________________________________,Iwillaskyouforyouradvice.3．我们必须给花浇足够的水，这是很有必要的。Wemustgiveflowers________________________________,whichisnecessary.Whatapleasant/delightfulsurpriseBeforeImakeafinaldecisionasmuchwaterastheyneed4．只要你采纳我的建议，你一定会在北京上大学期间拥有最难忘的经历。_____________________________________,youareboundtohavethemostunforgettableexperienceduringyourcollegeinBeijing.5．(牛津高阶)如果他提高了自己的信息技术技能，就会容易找到工作。__________________________________________________AslongasyoutakemyadviceIfheimprovedhisITskills,hewouldeasilygetajob.Asayoungmanofbothpassionand1.

(endure),PerceBlackborowhadlongbeendreamingofdecentadventure.Sohedidn'tgiveupwhenSirErnestShackletonturned

2.

hisrequesttojointheexpedition.Percesecretlyhidhimselfinacupboard,onlytobefoundthreedaysaftertheysetoff.Hefelt3.

(fortunately)andhappywhenhe4.

(assign)asastewardinsteadofbeingsentbackhome.endurancedownfortunatewasassignedItturnedouttobeatoughjourney.TheshipgotstuckintheiceastheyapproachedAntarcticaandtheyhadtoabandontheship.5.

theguidanceofSirErnest,theythrewawaynearlyeverythingexceptnecessitiesandabanjo,6.

kepttheirspiritsupduringthejourney.Survivalwasnoteasyandthingswentfrombad

7.

worse.FinallySirErnestleftforSouthGeorgiaIslandinordertofindhelp.ThedesperatesituationmadeyoungPerceBlackborowfeeldownandbecomebad-tempered.ItwasthegenuineencouragementandconcernfromBlessFrankWildthatcheeredhimUnderwhichtoup.FrankandErnest‘sresolveand8.

(persevere)filledhimwithhope.9.

(realize)thatheshouldn'tbecome10.

.

(selfishness)justbecauseoftheadversitytheywerefacedwith,helearnedtobeoptimisticanddetermined.perseveranceRealizingselfish核心考点•讲练提升【佳句】(牛津高阶)Idon'tknowmuchaboutit,soIdon'tfeelqualifiedtocomment.关于此事我所知不多，所以觉得没资格评论。【归纳拓展】●bequalifiedfor/todosth.有……的资格/有资格做某事●qualifyv.使有资格qualifysb.forsth./todosth.使某人有资格做某事●qualificationn.资格；资历havethequalificationfor/todosth.有……的资格/有资格做某事gain/acquirequalification获得资格1．qualifiedadj.符合资格；具备……的知识(或技能、学历等)【多维训练】单句语法填空/写作运用提能①Ihavetakenpartinseveralsimilaractivities,whichwillqualifyme_______thevoluntarywork.②既然你已经获得了教学资格，我确信你会符合他们在报纸上刊登的招聘要求。Nowthat__________________________________________,Iamsureyouwill__________________________theyadvertisedinthenewspaper.foryouhavegainedyourteachingqualificationbequalifiedforthejob【佳句】(牛津高阶)Thewinnersweregivenanenthusiasticwelcomewhentheyarrivedhome.获胜者凯旋时受到了热烈欢迎。【归纳拓展】●beenthusiasticabout(doing)sth.对(做)某事热情beenthusiastictodosth.对做某事有热情●enthusiasm

n.热情；热忱lack/befullofenthusiasm缺乏/充满热情withenthusiasm(＝enthusiastically)热情地2．enthusiasticadj.热情的；热心的【多维训练】单句语法填空/语段填空/写作运用提能①JerrylearnedEnglishwith____________,participatingindiscussionsandansweringquestions________________.(enthusiastic)②Mary_____________________________(总是充满热情).Wheneverthereisanewproject,she_______________________________(热衷于参与其中).She_____________________________________________________(也热衷于尽自己最大的努力并贡献自己的想法).Peoplearoundherareinspiredbyher_____________(enthusiastic)．enthusiasmenthusiasticallyisalwaysfullofenthusiasmisenthusiasticabouttakingpartinitisalsoenthusiastictodoherbestandcontributeherideasenthusiasm③我不仅热情而且容易相处，这使得我能胜任报纸上所刊登的志愿者工作。__________________________________________________________,whichmakesmequalifiedforthevoluntaryworkadvertisedinthenewspaper.④得知您对中华传统文化充满热情，我写信邀请您参加一场关于儒家思想的讲座。(邀请信)__________________________________________________________,IamwritingtoinviteyoutoalectureonConfucianism.Iamnotonlyenthusiasticbutalsoeasytogetalong/onwithLearningthatyouareenthusiasticabouttraditionalChineseculture【佳句】Theyhadsaidgoodbyetoeachotherbeforegoingaboard/boardingthetrain,butthemotherkeptwavinghandstoherdaughteronboarduntilthetrainwentoutofsight.他们在上火车前已经互相道别，但这位母亲一直在向车上的女儿挥手，直到火车消失。3．aboardadv.&prep.上(船、飞机、公共汽车等)【归纳拓展】●goaboard上船(飞机、火车等)●board

vt.&vi.上船(或火车、飞机、公共汽车等)

n.木板；董事会；伙食onboard在船(火车或飞机)上；支持●broadadj.宽阔的；广阔的broadsmile笑容满面●abroadadv.在/到国外；在/到海外goabroad出国athomeandabroad国内外【多维训练】写作运用提能①我满怀期待地登上了飞机，迫不及待地想要出国去探索那些世界奇观。Ieagerly_________________________________,eagerto__________andexplorethewondersoftheworld.②得知你将去国外深造，我写信告知你一些必要的注意事项。(应用文写作之告知信)_______________________________________________________,I'mwritingtoinformyouofsomenecessarydosanddon'ts.wentaboard/boardedtheairplanegoabroadLearningthatyouwillgoabroadforfurtherstudy③他身材高大，肩膀宽阔，留着胡子，脸上总是洋溢着灿烂的笑容。(读后续写之外貌描写)Hestandstall,_________________________________,alwayswearing________________onhisface.④根据航空公司的规定，我们建议你在登机前关掉手机。Accordingtotheairlinerules,wesuggestthatyou(should)switchoffyourmobilephonebefore_____________________.withbroadshouldersandabeardabroadsmileboardingtheplane【佳句】(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷应用文写作)AsIsankintothesoftgrassandgazedatthecloudsdriftingby,asenseoftranquilitywashedoverme.当我躺在柔软的草地上凝视着飘过的云朵时，一种宁静的感觉笼罩着我。【归纳拓展】●sinkinto/down/back颓然坐下/重重倒下one'sheart/spiritssink心情沉重/情绪低落●asinkingfeeling/ship失落感/沉船4．sinkvi.沉没；下沉；下降vt.使下沉；使沉没(sank；sunk)【多维训练】单句语法填空/写作运用提能①Whenthemanheardtheshiphadsunkintotheocean,hisheart_____(sink).②Shemurmuredherthanksand_______(sink)downintoherchair.③他心情沉重，拖着沉重的脚步回家了。_________________________,hedraggedhisfeethome.sanksankWithasinkingheart【佳句】Additionally,fromtimetotimeIwillassigngroupworktobecompletedinclassorshortassignmentstobecompletedathome,bothofwhichwillbegraded.此外，我还会不时地布置课堂上要完成的小组作业或在家要完成的短作业，这两种作业都会被评分。5．assignvt.分派；布置；分配【归纳拓展】●assignsb.todosth.安排/分配某人做某事assignsth.tosb.把某事安排给某人beassignedtosb./sth.被指派；被分配给……●assignmentn．作业；任务；工作【多维训练】单句语法填空①Daily______________(assign)notcompletedduringclasswillgetazero.②Onemanwasassigned___________(operate)eachsectionofroughly10jackscrews(螺旋起重机)．assignmentstooperate【佳句】Honestlyspeaking,IdoenvyyougettingthetitleoftheExcellentGraduateandIshouldfollowyourexample.老实说，我真羡慕你获得了优秀毕业生的称号，我应该向你学习。6．envyn.&vt.羡慕；嫉妒【归纳拓展】●envysb.sth.嫉妒/羡慕某人某事envysb.doingsth.嫉妒/羡慕某人做某事●withenvy羡慕地；嫉妒地greenwithenvy嫉妒地眼红；十分羡慕/嫉妒outofenvy出于忌妒●enviousadj.嫉妒的；羡慕的beenviousofsb.羡慕某人；嫉妒某人【多维训练】单句语法填空/写作运用提能①Hesaid_______envy,“Iam__________(envy)ofyou,becauseyouareleadingsuchacosyanddecentlife.”②(2024·浙江1月卷应用文写作)我情不自禁地有点羡慕那些似乎不费吹灰之力就能在运动中出类拔萃的同学。I_____________________________________________________whoseemedtoexceleffortlesslyinsports.③与其嫉妒别人的成功,我们不如专注于提高自己,追求自己的目标。_____________________________________________,weshouldfocusonimprovingourselvesandpursuingourowngoals.withenviouscouldn'thelpfeelingabitenviousofmyclassmatesInsteadofbeingenviousofothers'success【佳句】Afterreceivingtheordertoabandonship,Louissavedmoremenfromthewater,draggingthemintothelifeboat.接到弃船命令后，路易斯从水中救出更多的人，把他们拖上救生艇。【归纳拓展】●abandononeselfto(doing)sth.沉湎于(做)某事；纵情于(做)某事abandondoingsth.放弃做某事●withabandon放纵地；放任地●abandonedadj.被遗弃的；放纵的beabandonedto(doing)sth.沉湎于(做)某事7．abandonvt.舍弃；抛弃；放弃n.放任；放纵【多维训练】单句语法填空/写作运用提能①Unfortunately,thecrewabandoned________________(carry)outtheexperimentforlackoffund.②(2024·全国甲卷应用文写作)Theonce_________________(abandon)bicycleshavenowbeenreplacedbysharedbikes,offeringaconvenientandeco-friendlymodeoftransportation.carryingabandoned③沉湎于过去的辉煌是不明智的，你应该记住，不进则退。Itisunwiseofyou____________________________________________________,andyoushouldkeepinmindthatnottoadvanceistogoback.④我们尽情地唱歌、跳舞、欢笑，暂时忘记了生活中的烦恼。_______________________________________________,forgettingthetroublesinourlivesforawhile.toabandonyourselfto/beabandonedtothepastgloryWesang,danced,andlaughedwithabandon【佳句】Toresolveconflicts,weshouldlearntocommunicatemoreandputourselvesinothers'place.(话题写作之人际沟通)为了解决冲突，我们应该学会多沟通，设身处地为他人着想。【归纳拓展】●resolvetodosth.决定做某事resolveconflicts解决冲突●resolutionn．决定；解决；决心makearesolution(todo...)下定决心(做……)8．resolvevi.&vt.决定；决心；解决(问题或困难)n.决心；坚定的信念【多维训练】单句语法填空/写作运用提能①Imadea_____________(resolve)torespectandprotectthisuniquelandscapewhileIwashere.②Wecan'tseemtomakeupourmindswhetherwewantamoderncityoratraditionalone.It'saconflictthatwearen'tgettinganybetterat____________(resolve)．resolutionresolving③她决心在今年学习一门新语言，每天至少投入30分钟进行练习。She_____________________________________________,dedicatingatleast30minuteseachdaytopractice.④的确，可能有一天你会从事目前还不存在的工作，使用尚未开发的技术，解决尚未出现的问题！Indeed,youmayonedaydojobsthatdonotyetexist,usetechnologiesthatarenotyetdevelopedand_________________thatarenotyetproblems!resolvestolearnanewlanguagethisyearresolveproblems【佳句】WhenIdrewastilllife,itwasimpresseduponmethattheblankspacesbetweentheobjectswerejustasvitaltothesuccessofthecompositionastheactualobjectsthemselves.当我画静物时，让我印象深刻的是，成功的构图中，物体与物体之间的空白与实物本身一样重要。9．HowcouldIbecomeasselfishandbad-temperedasThomasOrde-Lees!我怎么能变得像托马斯·奥德利斯一样自私和脾气暴躁呢！【归纳拓展】as...as...意为“和……一样”，表示同级比较。其中第一个as为副词，第二个as为连词或介词。其基本用法为：as＋adj./adv.＋as...，还有如下用法：●否定式：notas/so＋adj./adv.＋as...●倍数＋as＋adj./adv.＋as...●asmuch/many＋名词＋as...【多维训练】写作运用提能①我们投入的时间和精力是其他同学的两倍，所以我深信老师们会高度评价我们的项目。Wedevotedtwice___________________________________________,soIwasgreatlyconvincedthatourprojectwouldbehighlythoughtofbyourteachers.asmuchtimeandenergyasotherstudentsdid②在我看来，这本书没有你认为的那么有趣。AsfarasIamconcerned,thebookis____________________________.③杰克和我一样勤奋，因此，他已取得了和我一样大的进步。Jackis_______________________,sohe________________________________.notas/sointerestingasyouthinkashard-workingasmehasmadeasmuchprogressasme【佳句】IfIwereadustman,Iwouldmakeourcitycleanerwithnorubbishlyingonthestreet.如果我是一名环卫工人，我会让我们的城市更干净，让街上没有任何垃圾。10．Ifitweren'tforseaanimals,wewouldallstarve.要是没有海上的动物，我们都会饿死的。【归纳拓展】本句为if引导的虚拟条件句，叙述与现在事实相反的假设。虚拟语气在if虚拟条件句中的运用如下：●与现在事实相反，从句谓语动词用过去式(be动词一般用were)，主句谓语动词用“would/could/should/might＋动词原形”●与过去事实相反，从句谓语动词用“had＋过去分词”，主句谓语动词用“would/could/should/might＋have＋过去分词”●与将来事实相反，从句谓语动词用过去式、weretodo或shoulddo,主句谓语动词用“would/could/should/might＋动词原形”【多维训练】单句语法填空/写作运用提能①Ifmybrotherwerehere,everything___________(be)allright.②Theymighthavefoundabetterhotelifthey_____________(drive)afewmorekilometers.③Ifit_____________________________________(rain)thisafternoon,thebasketballmatchwouldbeputoff.④但是科学家们一致认为，如果富兰克林真的触摸了钥匙，他肯定会因触电而身亡。Butscientistsallagreethat____________________________________,Franklin________________________________theelectricshock.wouldbehaddrivenrained/shouldrain/weretorainifhehadactuallytouchedthekeywouldhavecertainlydiedfrom关键能力•对点习得Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．(2023·浙江1月卷)Ifyouhaveindividualswhoarenot_____board,yourwordsprobablywon'tdomuchandcanoftenleaveyoufeelingmorediscouraged.解析：考查介词短语。句意：如果有人不同意你的观点，你的话可能起不了多大作用，而且往往会让你感到更沮丧。onboard支持。故填on。on2．(2023·浙江1月卷)Thesunwasbeginning__________(sink)asIsetoffintotheHarennaForest.解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：当我向哈雷纳森林出发时，太阳开始下沉。begintodo开始做。故填tosink。3．Thesecondgroupdidhigh-intensityaerobicexercise________theguidanceofatrainerforfourormoredaysaweek.解析：考查介词。句意：第二组在教练的指导下每周进行四天或以上的高强度有氧运动。undertheguidanceof在……的指导下。故填under。tosinkunder4．(剑桥高阶)Whatmadeyouthinkthatyouarequalified______thejob?解析：考查介词。句意：是什么使你认为你能胜任这份工作？bequalifiedfor胜任。故填for。5．(剑桥高阶)Sevenofuswerestuck_____theliftforoveranhour.解析：考查介词。句意：我们七个人被困在电梯里一个多小时。bestuckin被困在……。故填in。forin6．Theenterpriseshave_____________(thorough)implementedwhattheyhavepromisedtothepublic.解析：考查副词。句意：这些企业已经彻底履行了他们对公众的承诺。由句意可知，填副词修饰动词。故填thoroughly。7．However,becauseHelenwassoenthusiastic________learning,theresultswereamazing.解析：考查介词短语。句意：然而，因为海伦对学习有极高的热情，学习成果令人吃惊。beenthusiasticabout对……热情。故填about。thoroughlyabout8.(2025·全国Ⅰ卷)Youtrytoleadtheopponentintoyourtrapandforcethemtofollowyour“___________(guide)”tilltheylose.解析：考查名词。句意：你试图引导对手进入你的陷阱，迫使他们跟随你的“引导”直到他们输掉。此处作follow的宾语，用名词guidance“引导”，不可数名词。故填guidance。9.(牛津高阶)Hetriedtojointhearmybutwasturned_______becauseofpoorhealth.解析：考查动词短语。句意：他想参军，但因身体不好被拒绝了。turndown拒绝。故填down。guidancedown10．(2023·全国甲卷)It'sgoodtoeatthingsatthecorrecttime,whenthey'reinseason,andasclose_____possibletowheretheyweregrown.解析：考查固定句式。句意：在合适的时间吃东西是很好的，当它们是应季的时候，尽可能靠近它们生长的地方。as...as...和……一样。故填as。asⅡ.语境辨义练1．写出加黑部分的词性和汉语意思①Wemusttakecaretogettherightkindofframetosetoffthepicture.______________②Jennathrewtheburntpieceintothesinkandputintheothersliceofbread.____________________③Thebarkoftheyoungtreewasremovedandsoonitdied._________vt.衬托n．洗涤槽，水槽n．树皮④Theymovedinwithalocalfamily,theHarrisons,andlikethem,hadlittleprivacy,rarebaths,andablanketofsnowontheirquiltwhentheywokeupinthemorning.________________________⑤(2025·全国Ⅰ卷)OK,noproblem.I'mgoingtodoeverythingIcantokeepyouonboard.____________________n．厚层；厚的覆盖层n．团队，董事会2．选出rough的汉语意思①Ican'ttoleratesailinginroughsea._____②(2023·全国甲卷)ThewesternhalfoftheU.S.wasfullofgrizzlieswhenEuropeanscame,witharoughnumberof50,000ormorelivingalongsideNativeAmericans._____A．adj.汹涌的；风浪很大的B．adj.崎岖的C．adj.粗略的；不确切的D．adj.艰难的E．adj.粗鲁的AC③Idon'tknowhowtoreleasethepressureinsucharoughtime._____④Theiceontheroughroadhasmeltedanditissafetodriveonitnow._____⑤Heissucharoughchildthathedoesn'tbehavehimself._____DBE3．选出bitter的汉语意思①Sheisverybitteraboutlosingherjob._____②I'velearntfrombitterexperiencenottotrustwhathesays._____③Outside,abittereastwindisaccompaniedbyflurriesofsnow._____④TraditionalChinesemedicineusuallytastesbitterandishardtoswallow._____⑤Withnoonetoresolvetheirdispute,thetwosidesarelockedintoabitterconflict._____A．adj.痛苦的B．adj.激烈的C．adj.寒冷的；刺骨的D．adj.味苦的E．adj.愤愤不平的EACDBⅢ.语法填空Borninawealthyfamily,mynephew,Jack,leadssuchathoroughlydecentandcosylife1.

hehardlymeetswithcrueladversities.Hehasbeendreamingof2.

adventuresincehewasyoung.At18，Jackresolved

3.

(join)anexpeditionadvertisedinthenewspaper,buttheleaderturnedhimdownbecausehethoughtJackwasnotqualified.Fullofvigour,Jackneverabandonedhisdream,forhewassoenthusiasticaboutagreatvoyage.4.

(fortunate),at19,hejoinedthenavybutwasassignedtobeastewardwithlowwages.Onabittercoldday,thecrew

thatantojoinFortunatelywentaboardamassiveshipboundforAtlanticOcean.Jackwasgenuine,good-temperedandloyalandhewasn‘tselfish,either.Heoftenplayedthebanjof