人教版七年级下册英语11单元知识点总结及练习题

同学们，转眼间我们已经来到了人教版七年级下册英语的第十一个单元。这个单元围绕着“学校旅行”（SchoolTrip）这一贴近我们生活的主题展开，旨在帮助我们学习如何用英语谈论过去发生的事情和感受。掌握好本单元的知识点，不仅能提升我们的日常英语交流能力，也为后续更复杂的时态学习打下坚实基础。下面，我们就对本单元的核心知识点进行梳理和总结，并通过一些练习题来巩固所学。一、核心词汇回顾词汇是语言学习的基石。本单元的词汇多与“旅行”、“活动”及“感受”相关，我们需要重点掌握它们的含义及用法。1.动词(Verbs)*go(went)-去*visit(visited)-参观，拜访*climb(climbed)-爬*pick(picked)-采摘*milk(milked)-挤奶*feed(fed)-喂养*ride(rode)-骑*take(took)-拿，取，拍摄*see(saw)-看见*learn(learned/learnt)-学习*hear(heard)-听见*grow(grew)-种植，生长*buy(bought)-买*teach(taught)-教*show(showed)-展示*worry(worried)-担心*stop(stopped)-停止*shout(shouted)-呼喊2.名词(Nouns)*trip-旅行*farm-农场*countryside-乡村*cow-奶牛*horse-马*sheep-绵羊(单复数同形)*chicken-鸡*farmer-农民*flower-花*sun-太阳*museum-博物馆*firestation-消防站*robot-机器人*guide-导游*gift-礼物*allinall-总的来说3.形容词(Adjectives)&副词(Adverbs)*interesting-有趣的*boring-无聊的*exciting-令人兴奋的*excellent-极好的*lovely-可爱的*slow-慢的(adj.)/慢地(adv.)*fast-快的(adj.)/快地(adv.)*expensive-昂贵的*cheap-便宜的*great-棒的，好的*lucky-幸运的*quickly-快速地*quite-相当，十分*too-太，也二、核心句型归纳本单元的核心句型主要围绕“询问和描述过去的活动及感受”展开，重点运用一般过去时。1.询问过去的活动：*Whatdidyoudo+过去时间?(你/你们过去某个时间做了什么？)*e.g.Whatdidyoudolastweekend?(你上周末做了什么？)*e.g.Whatdidtheydoontheirschooltrip?(他们学校旅行做了什么？)*Wheredidyougo+过去时间?(你/你们过去某个时间去哪里了？)*e.g.Wheredidshegoyesterday?(她昨天去哪里了？)2.描述过去的活动：*主语+动词过去式+其他.(肯定句)*e.g.Ivisitedmygrandparents.(我拜访了我的祖父母。)*e.g.Wepickedsomeapples.(我们摘了一些苹果。)*主语+didn't(didnot)+动词原形+其他.(否定句)*e.g.Hedidn'trideahorse.(他没有骑马。)*e.g.Theydidn'tseeanycows.(他们没有看到任何奶牛。)3.询问和表达过去的感受：*Howwasyourtrip?(你的旅行怎么样？)*Itwasgreat/excellent/good/notbad/terrible.(它很棒/极好/不错/还行/很糟糕。)*Howdidyoufeel?(你感觉怎么样？)*Ifelthappy/excited/bored.(我感到高兴/兴奋/无聊。)4.其他常用表达：*Didyou...?(你...了吗？)-一般过去时的一般疑问句*e.g.Didyougotothezoo?(你去动物园了吗？)Yes,Idid./No,Ididn't.*Itwas+形容词+todosth.(做某事是...的。)*e.g.Itwasinterestingtovisitthemuseum.(参观博物馆很有趣。)*Thatsounds+形容词.(那听起来...)*e.g.Thatsoundsboring.(那听起来很无聊。)三、语法聚焦：一般过去时(SimplePastTense)本单元的语法重点是一般过去时的运用。1.定义：表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态。常和表示过去的时间状语连用，如：yesterday(昨天),lastnight(昨晚),lastweek(上周),lastmonth(上个月),lastyear(去年),twodaysago(两天前),in2020(在2020年)等。2.动词过去式的构成：*规则变化：*一般情况下，在动词原形后直接加-ed。e.g.work-worked,visit-visited,play-played.*以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，加-d。e.g.live-lived,like-liked,love-loved.*以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词，变y为i，再加-ed。e.g.study-studied,worry-worried.*以重读闭音节结尾，且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，双写这个辅音字母，再加-ed。e.g.stop-stopped,shop-shopped.3.一般过去时的句式：*肯定句：主语+动词过去式+其他。*e.g.Tomplayedbasketballyesterday.*否定句：主语+didn't+动词原形+其他。(was/were的否定直接在后面加not:wasnot=wasn't,werenot=weren't)*e.g.Tomdidn'tplaybasketballyesterday.*e.g.Shewasn'tathomelastnight.*一般疑问句：Did+主语+动词原形+其他?(Was/Were+主语+其他?)*e.g.DidTomplaybasketballyesterday?Yes,hedid./No,hedidn't.*e.g.Wereyoulateforschoolthismorning?Yes,Iwas./No,Iwasn't.四、练习题I.词汇运用(Vocabulary)A)根据句意及首字母提示补全单词。1.Wev_______thesciencemuseumlastSunday.Itwasveryinteresting.3.—Howwasyourschooltrip?—Itwase_______!Wehadagreattime.4.Shef_______thechickenswithhergrandpalastweekend.Theyweresolovely.5.Iboughtag_______formymotheronherbirthday.B)用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1.He_______(go)totheparkwithhisfriendsyesterday.2.They_______(notsee)anypandasinthezoolastweek.3.Mybrother_______(ride)abiketoschooleveryday,buthe_______(take)abusthismorningbecausehisbikewasbroken.4.—Didyou_______(milk)acowonthefarm?—Yes,I_______(do).Itwasinteresting.5.Thestudents_______(be)veryexcitedabouttheschooltrip.II.句型转换(SentenceTransformation)按要求改写下列句子，每空一词。1.IvisitedmyauntlastSaturday.(改为一般疑问句)_______you_______yourauntlastSaturday?2.Theysawsomecowsonthefarm.(改为否定句)They_____________________cowsonthefarm.3.Tomwenttothecountrysidewithhisfamily.(对划线部分提问)______________Tom_______tothecountryside_______?4.Theschooltripwasexcellent.(对划线部分提问)______________theschooltrip?5.Hedidhishomeworklastnight.(改为否定句)He______________hishomeworklastnight.III.单项选择(MultipleChoice)()1.—_______didyougolastsummervacation?—IwenttoBeijing.A.WhatB.WhereC.HowD.When()2.Mysister_______alotofphotoswhenshevisitedtheGreatWall.A.takeB.takesC.tookD.willtake()3.—How_______theweatheryesterday?—Itwassunnyandwarm.A.isB.wasC.areD.were()4.They_______tothebeachlastweekend,andtheyhadgreatfun.A.goB.goesC.wentD.aregoing()5.—DidLucyrideahorseonthefarm?—_______.Shedoesn'tlikehorses.A.Yes,shedidB.No,shedidn'tC.Yes,shedoesD.No,shedoesn't阅读下面短文，选择最佳答案。LastSunday,ourclasswentonaschooltriptoGreenPark.Theweatherwasfine.Wemetattheschoolgateat8:00inthemorningandtookabusthere.Ittookusaboutanhourtogetthere.Inthepark,wedidmanyinterestingthings.Somestudentsplayedgamesunderthetrees.Somestudentstookphotosofthebeautifulflowersandgreentrees.Ourteacher,MissWang,toldussomestoriesaboutthepark.Wealsohadapicniclunchonthegrass.Thefoodwasdelicious.Intheafternoon,wevisitedasmallzoointhepark.Wesawsomecuteanimalslikemonkeys,pandasandelephants.Atabout4:00,wetookthebusbacktoschool.Allinall,itwasanexcellenttrip.Wewerealittletiredbutveryhappy.()1.Wheredidtheclassgoontheirschooltrip?A.Toazoo.B.ToGreenPark.C.Toafarm.D.Toamuseum.()2.HowdidtheygotoGreenPark?A.Bybike.B.Onfoot.C.Bybus.D.Bycar.()3.Whatdidsomestudentsdointhepark?A.Theyreadbooks.B.Theyplayedgames.C.Theycleanedthepark.D.TheystudiedEnglish.A.At8:00a.m.B.Atabout12:00.C.Atabout4:00p.m.D.At7:00p.m.()5.Howwastheirtrip?A.Boring.B.Terrible.C.Excellent.D.Expensive.V.书面表达(Writing)假设你是李华，请根据提示，写几句话描述一下你上周末的一次活动。提示：1.时间：上周末(lastweekend)2.活动：和家人一起去了农场(gotoafarmwithfamily)3.做的事情：喂鸡(feedchickens),摘草莓(pickstrawberries),和农民交谈(talkwithfarmers)4.感受：很累但很开心(tiredbuthappy)要求：语句通顺，语法正确，不少于5句话。_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________参考答案I.词汇运用A)1.visited2.rode3.excellent/exciting4.fed5.giftB)1.went2.didn'tsee3.rides,took4.milk,did5.w