2022年上半年北京市医护英语水平考试METS二级模拟真题

2022年上半年北京市医护英语水平考试METS二级模拟练习题第一部分：听力理解（共20题，每题1分，共20分）第一节：短对话（共10题）听下面10段短对话，每段对话后有一个问题，从A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案。每段对话读两遍。1.对话：患者：Doctor,I’vehadasorethroatforthreedays,andit’sgettingworse.Ialsofeelabitfeverish.医生：Letmecheck.Openyourmouth,say“ah”—yes,yourtonsilsareswollen.Anycoughorrunnynose?患者：No,justthesorethroatandlow-gradefever.问题：What’sthepatient’smainsymptom?A.CoughB.SorethroatC.Runnynose2.对话：护士：Mr.Li,yourbloodtestresultisback.Yourcholesterollevelis6.8mmol/L,whichishigherthannormal.患者：Oh,that’sworrying.WhatshouldIdo?护士：Youneedtoadjustyourdiet—lessfriedfoodandmorevegetables.Also,exerciseatleast30minutesdaily.问题：Whatdoesthenurseadvisethepatienttodo?A.TakemorerestB.ReducefriedfoodintakeC.Increasemeatconsumption3.对话：患者：Nurse,whenshouldItakethepainkiller?Thelabelsays“threetimesaday”.护士：Takeonetabletaftereachmeal.Avoidtakingitonanemptystomach,asitmaycausestomachupset.问题：Howshouldthepatienttakethepainkiller?A.BeforemealsB.AftermealsC.Onanemptystomach4.对话：医生：Mrs.Wang,yourX-rayshowsasmallfractureinyourleftwrist.You’llneedacastfor4-6weeks.患者：WillIbeabletousemyhandnormallyafterthat?医生：Mostlikely,butyouneedtodophysicaltherapyafterthecastisremovedtoregainstrength.问题：Whatisthedoctor’srecommendationforMrs.Wangafterthecastisremoved?A.TakemorepainkillersB.UndergophysicaltherapyC.Avoidusingthelefthand5.对话：护士：Sir,pleaserollupyoursleeve.Ineedtotakeyourbloodpressure.患者：IsitnormalthatIfeelnervousbeforethis?护士：Yes,whitecoathypertensioniscommon.Trytorelax—breatheslowlyforaminute.问题：Whatdoesthenursementionaboutthepatient’snervousness?A.It’sasignofheartdiseaseB.It’scalledwhitecoathypertensionC.Itrequiresimmediatetreatment6.对话：患者：Doctor,mychildhashaddiarrheafortwodays.Shehasn’teatenmuch.医生：Dehydrationisarisk.Giveheroralrehydrationsolutionevery15minutes.Ifshevomitsorhasahighfever,comebackimmediately.问题：Whatisthemainconcernforthechild?A.DiarrheadurationB.DehydrationC.Lossofappetite7.对话：护士：Ms.Liu,yourappointmentwiththecardiologistisat2:30p.m.Don’tforgettofastfor8hoursbeforethebloodtest.患者：CanIdrinkwater?护士：Yes,smallsipsareallowed,butnocoffeeorjuice.问题：Whatisforbiddenbeforethebloodtest?A.WaterB.CoffeeC.Oralrehydrationsolution8.对话：医生：YourECGshowssinusarrhythmia,butit’susuallyharmlessinyoungpeople.Doyouhavechestpainordizziness?患者：No,justpalpitationssometimeswhenIstayuplate.医生：Avoidexcessivecaffeineandgetenoughsleep.Followupin3monthsifsymptomspersist.问题：Whatdoesthedoctorsuggestthepatientdo?A.Takeanti-arrhythmiamedicationB.ReducecaffeineintakeC.Undergoimmediatesurgery9.对话：患者：Nurse,thedressingonmywoundisloose.Canyouchangeit?护士：Sure.Letmecheckthewoundfirst—norednessorpus,whichisgood.I’llapplyanewsteriledressing.问题：Whatistheconditionofthepatient’swound?A.InfectedwithpusB.RedandswollenC.Healingwellwithoutinfection10.对话：医生：Mr.Zhang,yourHbA1cis7.2%,whichmeansyourbloodsugarcontrolhasbeenpoorrecently.患者：I’vebeenskippingmymetforminsometimes.医生：Consistencyiskey.Takeitasprescribed,andmonitoryourbloodglucosetwiceaday.问题：Whyisthepatient’sbloodsugarcontrolpoor?A.HemissesdosesofmedicationB.HeeatstoomuchsugarC.Hedoesn’texerciseenough第二节：长对话（共5题）听下面一段长对话，对话后有5个问题，从A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案。对话读两遍。对话内容：护士：Goodmorning,Mr.Chen.I’mheretoreviewyourpost-operativecare.Howareyoufeelingtoday?患者：Betterthanyesterday,butmyincisionstillhurtsabit.护士：That’snormal.Let’stalkaboutwoundcare.Youneedtokeeptheincisiondryforthenext3days.Don’ttakeabath—useaspongebathinstead.患者：Whataboutchangingthedressing?护士：Thedoctorwillchangeittomorrowduringthefollow-upvisit.Ifyounoticeanybleeding,swelling,orafoulsmell,calltheclinicimmediately.患者：Understood.Whataboutactivity?Iusuallygoforawalkafterbreakfast.护士：Lightactivityisokay,butavoidliftinganythingheavierthan5kgfor2weeks.Nostrenuousexerciselikejoggingorswimming.患者：Anddiet?Ilovespicyfood.护士：Sticktoalight,balanceddietfornow.Avoidspicy,greasy,oroverlysaltyfoods—theymayslowdownhealing.患者：Gotit.WhencanIgobacktowork?护士：Yourjobisofficework,right?Youcanreturnin1week,butnoprolongedsitting—getupeveryhourtostretch.11.Whatdoesthenurseadviseaboutbathing?A.TakeashowerdailyB.UseaspongebathC.Soakinabathtub12.Whenwillthedoctorchangethedressing?A.TodayB.TomorrowC.In3days13.Whatactivityisthepatientallowedtodo?A.Lifting10kgB.JoggingC.Lightwalking14.Whattypeoffoodshouldthepatientavoid?A.SpicyfoodB.BoiledvegetablesC.Leanmeat15.Whencanthepatientreturntowork?A.ImmediatelyB.In1weekC.In2weeks第三节：短文理解（共5题）听下面一段短文，短文后有5个问题，从A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案。短文读两遍。短文内容：Handhygieneisacriticalpartofinfectioncontrolinhealthcaresettings.AccordingtotheWorldHealthOrganization(WHO),properhandwashingcanreducetheriskofhealthcare-associatedinfectionsbyupto50%.Healthcareworkersshouldwashtheirhandsinfivekeymoments:beforetouchingapatient,beforeclean/asepticprocedures,afterbodyfluidexposure,aftertouchingapatient,andaftertouchingpatientsurroundings.Thecorrecthandwashingtechniqueinvolveswettinghandswithwater,applyingsoap,rubbinghandstogetherforatleast20seconds(coveringallsurfaces—palms,backsofhands,betweenfingers,andundernails),rinsingthoroughly,anddryingwithacleantowelorairdryer.Ifsoapandwaterarenotavailable,analcohol-basedhandsanitizerwithatleast60%alcoholcanbeused.Poorhandhygieneisamajorcauseofantibioticresistance,asitallowsbacteriatospreadanddevelopresistancetomedications.Therefore,healthcarefacilitiesshouldprovideadequatehandhygienesuppliesandtrainstaffregularlytoensurecompliance.16.Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?A.AntibioticresistanceB.HandhygieneinhealthcareC.Asepticprocedures17.Howmuchcanproperhandwashingreducehealthcare-associatedinfections?A.Upto30%B.Upto50%C.Upto70%18.Whenshouldhealthcareworkerswashhandsafterbodyfluidexposure?A.BeforetouchingapatientB.AfterbodyfluidexposureC.Beforecleanprocedures19.Howlongshouldhandsberubbedtogetherduringhandwashing?A.Atleast10secondsB.Atleast20secondsC.Atleast30seconds20.Whatcanbeusedifsoapandwaterareunavailable?A.WateronlyB.Alcohol-basedsanitizer(≥60%alcohol)C.Antibioticointment第二部分：阅读理解（共15题，每题2分，共30分）阅读下列三篇短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。短文一：Asthmaisachroniclungdiseasethataffectspeopleofallages.Itcausesinflammationandnarrowingoftheairways,leadingtosymptomslikewheezing,shortnessofbreath,chesttightness,andcoughing—especiallyatnightorearlymorning.Triggersvaryfrompersontoperson.Commontriggersincludeallergens(e.g.,pollen,dustmites),airpollution,coldair,exercise,stress,andcertainmedications(e.g.,aspirin).Forsome,foodallergies(e.g.,shellfish,nuts)canalsotriggeranasthmaattack.Managingasthmainvolvesavoidingtriggersandusingmedications.Quick-reliefmedications(e.g.,inhalers)opentheairwaysquicklyduringanattack.Long-termcontrolmedications(e.g.,corticosteroids)reduceairwayinflammationandpreventsymptoms.Awrittenasthmaactionplan,developedwithadoctor,iscrucial.Itoutlinesdailymanagement,howtorecognizeworseningsymptoms,andstepstotakeduringanattack.Regularcheck-upshelpadjustthetreatmentplanasneeded.21.Whatisacommonsymptomofasthma?A.StomachpainB.ChesttightnessC.JointswellingD.Headache22.WhichofthefollowingisNOTacommonasthmatrigger?A.PollenB.WarmsunlightC.ColdairD.Aspirin23.Whatisthefunctionofquick-reliefasthmamedications?A.Reducelong-terminflammationB.OpenairwaysduringanattackC.CurethediseasecompletelyD.Treatfoodallergies24.Whyisawrittenasthmaactionplanimportant?A.TolistallpossibletriggersB.ToprovidestepsforattackmanagementC.Toreplaceregularcheck-upsD.Todiagnosethedisease25.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestaboutasthmamanagement?A.ItonlyrequiresavoidingtriggersB.MedicationsaretheonlytreatmentC.Regularcheck-upshelpadjusttreatmentD.Coldairnevertriggersasthma短文二：Vaccinesareoneofthemosteffectivepublichealthtools.Theyworkbytrainingtheimmunesystemtorecognizeandfightspecificvirusesorbacteria.Whenavaccineisadministered,itintroducesaharmlesspartofthepathogen(e.g.,aproteinoradeadvirus)intothebody.Theimmunesystemthenproducesantibodies—proteinsthattargetanddestroythepathogen.Ifthepersonislaterexposedtotheactualpathogen,theimmunesystem“remembers”andquicklyproducesantibodiestofightit.Vaccinationnotonlyprotectsindividualsbutalsocontributestoherdimmunity.Herdimmunityoccurswhenalargepercentageofapopulationisvaccinated,makingitdifficultforthediseasetospread.Thisprotectsthosewhocannotbevaccinated,suchasinfants,elderlypeoplewithweakimmunesystems,andindividualswithcertainmedicalconditions.Despitetheirbenefits,somepeoplearehesitanttovaccinate.Misinformationaboutvaccinesafety,suchaslinkstoautism(whichhasbeenscientificallydisproven),contributestothishesitation.Healthcareprovidersplayakeyroleinaddressingconcernsandeducatingthepublicabouttheprovenbenefitsofvaccines.26.Howdovaccinestraintheimmunesystem?A.ByintroducingaharmfulpathogenB.BydestroyingexistingantibodiesC.ByusingaharmlesspartofapathogenD.Bycausingmildsymptomsofthedisease27.Whatisherdimmunity?A.ImmunitydevelopedaftergettingthediseaseB.ProtectionforunvaccinatedindividualsduetohighvaccinationratesC.TheabilityofvaccinestocurediseasesD.Theproductionofantibodieswithoutvaccination28.Whoisprotectedbyherdimmunity?A.HealthyadultswhoarevaccinatedB.InfantswhocannotbevaccinatedC.HealthcareworkersD.Peoplewithstrongimmunesystems29.Whydosomepeoplehesitatetovaccinate?A.BecausevaccinesaretooexpensiveB.BecauseofmisinformationaboutsafetyC.BecausevaccinescauseseveresideeffectsD.Becausetheyprefernaturalimmunity30.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.TodiscussthehistoryofvaccinesB.ToexplainhowvaccinesworkandtheirimportanceC.TocomparedifferenttypesofvaccinesD.Tocriticizevaccinehesitancy短文三：Osteoporosisisaconditionwherebonesbecomeweakandbrittle,increasingtheriskoffractures.Itoftendevelopssilentlyoveryears,withnosymptomsuntilabonebreaks.Commonfracturesitesincludethehip,spine,andwrist.Riskfactorsincludeage(olderadults,especiallypostmenopausalwomen),lowcalciumandvitaminDintake,lackofexercise,smoking,excessivealcoholconsumption,andfamilyhistory.Womenareathigherriskduetodecreasedestrogenlevelsaftermenopause,whichacceleratesboneloss.Diagnosisisdonethroughabonedensitytest(DXAscan).Preventionandtreatmentinvolvelifestylechangesandmedications.Eatingadietrichincalcium(dairy,leafygreens)andvitaminD(sunlight,fattyfish),engaginginweight-bearingexercises(walking,dancing),andavoidingsmoking/alcoholcanhelpmaintainbonehealth.Medicationslikebisphosphonatesslowboneloss,whilehormonetherapymaybeusedforsomepostmenopausalwomen.31.Whatisakeycharacteristicofosteoporosis?A.ItcausesimmediatepainB.ItweakensbonesandincreasesfractureriskC.ItonlyaffectsmenD.Itiseasilydiagnosedwithouttests32.Whichgroupisathigherriskofosteoporosis?A.YoungmenB.PostmenopausalwomenC.ChildrenD.Athletes33.Howisosteoporosisdiagnosed?A.ThroughabloodtestB.ThroughabonedensitytestC.ThroughanX-rayofthewristD.Throughaphysicalexam34.Whattypeofexerciseisrecommendedforbonehealth?A.SwimmingB.Weight-bearingexercisesC.Yoga(non-weight-bearing)D.Stretching35.Whatisthefunctionofbisphosphonatesinosteoporosistreatment?A.ToincreasecalciumintakeB.ToslowbonelossC.TocurethediseasecompletelyD.Toreplacehormonetherapy第三部分：完形填空（共15题，每题1分，共15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳答案。Diabetesisachronicdiseasecharacterizedbyhighbloodsugarlevels.Therearetwomaintypes:type1andtype2.Type1diabetesisusuallydiagnosedinchildrenandyoungadults.Itoccurswhenthepancreas36produceenoughinsulin,ahormonethathelpsglucoseentercellsforenergy.Type2diabetes,themostcommontype,37whenthebodybecomesresistanttoinsulinordoesn’tproduceenough.Symptomsofdiabetesincludefrequenturination,excessivethirst,unexplainedweightloss,fatigue,andslowwoundhealing.If38,diabetescanleadtoseriouscomplications,suchasheartdisease,kidneydamage,39,andnervedamage.Managingdiabetesinvolves40bloodsugarlevels,healthyeating,regularexercise,andmedication.Fortype1diabetes,insulin41isessential.Fortype2,lifestylechangesmaybeenoughinitially,butsomepatientsneedoralmedicationsorinsulin.Akeypartofmanagementiseducation.Patientsshouldlearnto42theirbloodsu