牛津沪教版英语六年级上重点知识复习及练习

牛津沪教版英语六年级上重点知识复习及练习时光飞逝，转眼间一个学期的学习即将告一段落。六年级上册的英语学习，在巩固过往知识的基础上，也为我们打开了更广阔的语言天地。这份复习指南旨在帮助同学们系统梳理本学期的重点知识，查漏补缺，通过针对性练习，自信迎接挑战。请大家静下心来，跟随这份梳理，一同回顾我们共同走过的英语学习旅程。一、词汇积累：构建语言的基石词汇是语言的基石，丰富的词汇量是提升语言运用能力的前提。本学期我们接触了许多围绕不同主题的核心词汇，例如关于学校生活、家庭成员、食物、能力、喜好、节日等。复习要点：1.主题归纳：将学过的词汇按照主题进行分类记忆，如颜色、动物、交通工具、学习用品、动作动词等，这样能形成知识网络，记得更牢。2.固定搭配：注意动词与介词、名词与形容词等常见的固定搭配，例如"playbasketball","begoodat","acupoftea"。3.一词多义与词性转换：关注一些基础词汇的不同词性和含义，例如"work"(v.工作/n.工作),"fast"(adj.快的/adv.快地)。词汇练习：A.根据中文提示，补全单词。1.Mymotherisa_______(医生).Shehelpssickpeople.2.Iusuallyhave_______(早餐)atseveno'clockinthemorning.3.Wecanseemany_______(星星)intheskyatnight.4.Thisstoryisvery_______(有趣的).Ilikeitverymuch.5.Shecan_______(唱)Englishsongswell.B.用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1.Myfatheroften_______(watch)TVintheevening.2.Therearemany_______(child)inthepark.3.Thisismyfriend._______(he)nameisTom.4.Ilike_______(swim)insummer.5.Thedogis_______(run)afteracat.二、语法梳理：掌握语言的规则语法是语言的骨架，掌握基本的语法规则能帮助我们更准确、规范地运用英语。本学期的重点语法项目包括：1.be动词的用法(am,is,are)*I用am,you用are,is连着he,she,it。*复数主语（we,you,they）和名词复数用are。*否定形式：在be动词后加not(isn't,aren't)。*疑问形式：将be动词提到句首。例句：*Iamastudent.*Sheismysister.*Theyareplayingfootball.*Isheyourbrother?No,heisn't.2.情态动词can/can't的用法*can表示“能，会”，后面跟动词原形。*can't是cannot的缩写，表示“不能，不会”。*疑问句将can提到句首。例句：*Icanrideabike.*Hecan'tspeakChinese.*Canyouswim?Yes,Ican./No,Ican't.3.名词的单复数*规则变化：一般情况下加-s(books,pens)；以s,x,ch,sh结尾的加-es(buses,boxes,watches,dishes)；以辅音字母加y结尾的，变y为i加-es(baby-babies,city-cities)。*不规则变化：需要特殊记忆(man-men,woman-women,child-children,foot-feet,tooth-teeth,mouse-mice)。4.代词*人称代词：主格(I,you,he,she,it,we,you,they)和宾格(me,you,him,her,it,us,you,them)。*物主代词：形容词性物主代词(my,your,his,her,its,our,your,their)后接名词；名词性物主代词(mine,yours,his,hers,its,ours,yours,theirs)后不接名词。*指示代词：this(这个),that(那个),these(这些),those(那些)。5.介词(Prepositions)*表示时间：in(在某年/月/季节),on(在具体某一天),at(在具体时刻)。*表示地点：in(在…里面),on(在…上面),under(在…下面),beside(在…旁边),behind(在…后面),infrontof(在…前面)。*其他常用介词：with(和…一起),from(来自),for(为了)。*形容词比较级用于两者之间的比较。*规则变化：*一般单音节词和少数双音节词，在词尾加-er(tall-taller,fast-faster)。*以不发音的e结尾的词，加-r(nice-nicer,large-larger)。*以辅音字母加y结尾的词，变y为i加-er(happy-happier,easy-easier)。*重读闭音节词，双写末尾辅音字母加-er(big-bigger,hot-hotter,fat-fatter)。*不规则变化：good/well-better,bad/ill-worse,many/much-more,little-less,far-farther/further。*常用结构：A+be+形容词比较级+than+B.例句：*TomistallerthanJohn.*Thisbookismoreinterestingthanthatone.7.常用时态*一般现在时：*表示经常性、习惯性的动作或状态。*结构：主语+动词原形/动词第三人称单数形式(+其他)。*第三人称单数变化规则：一般加-s(likes,plays)；以s,x,ch,sh,o结尾的加-es(watches,goes)；以辅音字母加y结尾的，变y为i加-es(studies,flies)。*现在进行时：*表示此时此刻正在进行的动作。*结构：主语+be(am/is/are)+动词-ing形式(+其他)。*动词-ing变化规则：一般加-ing(doing,playing)；以不发音的e结尾的，去e加-ing(making,writing)；重读闭音节词，双写末尾辅音字母加-ing(running,swimming)。*一般过去时：*表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。*规则动词过去式：一般加-ed(worked,played)；以e结尾的加-d(lived,liked)；以辅音字母加y结尾的，变y为i加-ed(studied,cried)；重读闭音节词，双写末尾辅音字母加-ed(stopped,planned)。*不规则动词过去式需要特殊记忆(go-went,see-saw,eat-ate,do-did,is/am-was,are-were)。语法练习：A.用be动词的适当形式填空。1.Myname_______Lucy.I_______tenyearsold.2.These_______mybooks.Where_______yours?3.Look!Thebirds_______singinginthetree.4.There_______apenandtwopencilsonthedesk.5._______youathomeyesterday?No,I_______.B.用can或can't填空。1.It'scoldtoday.We_______goswimming.2.Mylittlebrother_______counttoonehundred.3._______youhelpmewithmyEnglish?4.She_______playthepiano,butshe_______playtheviolin.C.用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1.Heusually_______(get)upatsixthirty.2.Listen!Someone_______(sing)inthenextroom.3.Myfamily_______(visit)theGreatWalllastsummer.4.I_______(do)myhomeworknow.I_______(finish)itsoon.5.Sheoften_______(read)booksintheevening.Butyesterdayshe_______(watch)TV.D.写出下列形容词的比较级。1.tall_______2.happy_______3.big_______4.good_______5.beautiful_______E.用适当的介词填空。1.Wehavelunch_______twelveo'clock.2.Mybirthdayis_______October.4.Igotoschool_______myfriendeveryday.5.Thereisapicture_______thewall.三、句型与情景交际：学以致用掌握了词汇和语法，更重要的是能在具体的情景中运用。本学期我们学习了许多实用的句型和日常交际用语。重点句型与功能：1.询问姓名与介绍：*What'syourname?Mynameis.../I'm...*Thisis...(用于介绍他人)2.询问年龄：*Howoldareyou?I'm...(yearsold).3.询问物品：*What'sthis/that?It'sa/an...*Whatarethese/those?Theyare...4.询问颜色：*Whatcolourisit?It's...*Whatcolourarethey?Theyare...5.询问能力：*Whatcanyoudo?Ican.../Ican't...6.询问喜好：*Whatdoyoulike?Ilike...*Doyoulike...?Yes,Ido./No,Idon't.7.谈论正在做的事情：*Whatareyoudoing?Iam(verb)-ing...*He/She/Itis(verb)-ing...8.谈论过去发生的事情：*Whatdidyoudoyesterday?I(verb过去式)...9.比较事物：*...is+比较级+than...情景交际练习：A.根据情景选择合适的句子。1.当你想知道对方能做什么时，你会问：()A.Whatdoyoudo?B.Whatcanyoudo?C.Whatareyoudoing?2.当你想把你的朋友Tom介绍给别人时，你会说：()A.ThisisTom.B.HeisTom.C.HisnameisTom.3.当你想知道对方昨天做了什么时，你会问：()A.Whatdoyoudo?B.Whatareyoudoing?C.Whatdidyoudoyesterday?4.当别人问你喜不喜欢苹果，你不喜欢时，你会回答：()A.Yes,Ido.B.No,Idon't.C.Ilikeapples.B.根据中文提示，完成对话。1.A:______________(几点了)now?B:It'shalfpastfour.It'stimetogohome.2.A:_____________________(你最喜欢的食物是什么)?B:Myfavouritefoodisnoodles.3.A:_____________________(这本书是谁的)?B:It'sLily's.4.A:Howwasyourweekend?B:Itwasgreat.I___________