2026年辽宁省北师大版高中英语必修第一册阅读理解专项训练题

2026年辽宁省北师大版高中英语必修第一册阅读理解专项训练题一、单项选择题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Inthepassage"TheSecretLifeofTrees,"theauthorprimarilyemployswhichrhetoricaldevicetoexplainhowtreescommunicatewitheachother?A)MetaphorB)PersonificationC)HyperboleD)Alliteration.ThecorrectanswerisB.Thepassagevividlydescribestreesas"talking"toeachotherthroughchemicalsignals,whichisaclearexampleofpersonification.Metaphor(A)wouldinvolveadirectcomparisonwithout"like"or"as,"hyperbole(C)wouldinvolveexaggeratedstatementsforeffect,andalliteration(D)wouldinvolverepeatedconsonantsounds,noneofwhicharethedominantdevicehere.2.Accordingto"TheGreatBarrierReef,"whatisthemaincauseofcoralbleachingmentionedinthetext?A)IncreasedwatertemperatureB)OverfishingC)PollutionfromcoastaldevelopmentD)Naturalclimatecycles.ThecorrectanswerisA.Thearticleexplicitlystatesthatrisingseatemperaturesstresscorals,causingthemtoexpelalgaeandturnwhite—aprocessknownasbleaching.Whileoverfishing(B)andpollution(C)aresecondarythreats,theprimarytriggerdiscussedistemperature.Naturalcycles(D)cancausebleachingbutarenotpresentedasthemaindriverinthistext.3.In"ThePowerofSmallActs,"theauthoruseswhichtypeofevidencetosupporttheargumentthatindividualactionscancreatesignificantchange?A)StatisticaldataB)PersonalanecdotesC)ExperttestimonialsD)Scientificstudies.ThecorrectanswerisB.Theessayfeaturesstoriesofordinarypeoplewhomadeextraordinaryimpactsthroughsimplegestures,suchasasingledonationorakindword,demonstratingthepowerofpersonalexperienceoverabstractdata.4."TheArtofTimeManagement"highlightswhichkeystrategyforimprovingproductivity?A)WorkinglongerhoursB)PrioritizingtasksbasedonurgencyC)AvoidingallbreaksD)Multitaskingasmuchaspossible.ThecorrectanswerisB.ThearticleemphasizestheEisenhowerMatrix,categorizingtasksintofourquadrants(urgent/important,important/noturgent,urgent/notimportant,noturgent/notimportant)tofocusonhigh-priorityitemsfirst.5.In"TheFutureofRenewableEnergy,"whattechnologicaladvancementiscreditedwiththemostsignificantreductioninsolarpanelcostsoverthepastdecade?A)ImprovedbatterystorageB)IncreasedefficiencyofphotovoltaiccellsC)GovernmentsubsidiesD)Massproductiontechniques.ThecorrectanswerisB.Thepassagedetailshowbreakthroughsinphotovoltaiccelltechnology,suchasperovskitesolarcells,havedrasticallyloweredmanufacturingexpenses,makingsolarpowermoreaccessible.6."TheImpactofSocialMediaonTeenagers"discusseswhichpsychologicaleffectmostprominently?A)IncreasedcreativityB)EnhancedsocialskillsC)CyberbullyingD)Improvedacademicperformance.ThecorrectanswerisC.Thestudycitedinthetextlinksexcessivesocialmediausetohigherratesofanxiety,depression,andbullying,particularlyamongadolescents.7.In"TheHistoryoftheInternet,"whicheventisdescribedastheturningpointthatenabledglobalconnectivity?A)TheinventionofthemicroprocessorB)ThedevelopmentofTCP/IPprotocolsC)ThelaunchofthefirstsatelliteD)Thecommercializationofdial-upservices.ThecorrectanswerisB.ThepassageexplainsthatthestandardizationofTCP/IP(TransmissionControlProtocol/InternetProtocol)in1983alloweddisparatenetworkstocommunicateseamlessly,formingthefoundationofthemoderninternet.8."TheRoleofLiteratureinSociety"arguesthatwhichfunctionofstorytellingismostcrucial?A)PreservinghistoricalfactsB)ProvidingentertainmentC)PromotingcriticalthinkingD)Teachingreligiousdoctrines.ThecorrectanswerisC.Theessaypositsthatliteraturechallengesreaderstoanalyzethemes,questionassumptions,andempathizewithdiverseperspectives,fosteringintellectualgrowth.9.In"TheBiologyofSleep,"whatistheprimaryfunctionoftheREM(RapidEyeMovement)stagementionedinthetext?A)PhysicalrestorationB)MemoryconsolidationC)EmotionalprocessingD)Musclegrowth.ThecorrectanswerisC.ThepassagedescribesREMsleepascriticalforprocessingemotions,asindicatedbythebrain'sheightenedactivityduringthisphase.10."TheGlobalWaterCrisis"attributeswhichfactorasthemostseverethreattofreshwaterresources?A)IndustrialpollutionB)AgriculturalrunoffC)ClimatechangeD)Overpopulation.ThecorrectanswerisC.Thearticlehighlightshowrisingtemperaturesleadtomeltingglaciers,alteredprecipitationpatterns,andincreasedevaporation,exacerbatingwaterscarcityworldwide.二、填空题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.In"TheSecretLifeofTrees,"theauthorexplainsthattreesrelease_______tosignaldangertoneighboringplants.(Answer:ethylenegas)2.Accordingto"TheGreatBarrierReef,"coralbleachingoccurswhenalgaelivingincoraltissues_______.(Answer:areexpelled)3."ThePowerofSmallActs"suggeststhatevena_______gesturecaninspireotherstotakeaction.(Answer:simple)4."TheArtofTimeManagement"advisesthattasksshouldbecategorizedbasedon_______and_______.(Answer:urgency;importance)5.In"TheFutureofRenewableEnergy,"thedevelopmentof_______cellshasrevolutionizedsolarpowerefficiency.(Answer:perovskite)6."TheImpactofSocialMediaonTeenagers"reportsthatexcessiveuseislinkedtoincreasedratesof_______.(Answer:mentalhealthissues)7."TheHistoryoftheInternet"creditsthe_______protocolwithenablingglobalnetworkconnectivity.(Answer:TCP/IP)8."TheRoleofLiteratureinSociety"arguesthatstorieshelpreadersdevelop_______skills.(Answer:criticalthinking)9.In"TheBiologyofSleep,"the_______stageisassociatedwithvividdreamingandemotionalprocessing.(Answer:REM)10."TheGlobalWaterCrisis"warnsthatclimatechangeiscausing_______tomeltatanalarmingrate.(Answer:polaricecaps)三、判断题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1."TheSecretLifeofTrees"claimsthatallplantscommunicateexclusivelythroughundergroundfungalnetworks.(False)-Explanation:Thepassagementionsfungalnetworksasonemethodbutalsodiscusseschemicalsignalsandpheromones,notexclusively.2."TheGreatBarrierReef"statesthatcoralbleachingisalwaysfataltocoralecosystems.(False)-Explanation:Thetextnotesthatwhileseverebleachingcankillcorals,mildcasesallowthemtorecoverifconditionsimprove.3."ThePowerofSmallActs"providesempiricalevidencethateveryminoractioncontributestosocietalprogress.(False)-Explanation:Theessayreliesonanecdotalevidenceratherthanstatisticalproof,usingexamplestoinspirebeliefratherthanquantifyimpact.4."TheArtofTimeManagement"recommendsmultitaskingasthebestwaytomaximizeproductivity.(False)-Explanation:Thearticlecriticizesmultitaskingforreducingfocus,advocatinginsteadforsingle-taskingandprioritization.5."TheFutureofRenewableEnergy"assertsthatsolarpowerwillreplacefossilfuelsby2030.(False)-Explanation:Thepassagediscussessolarpower'sgrowthbutdoesnotmakesuchadefinitiveprediction,notingongoingchallenges.6."TheImpactofSocialMediaonTeenagers"concludesthatsocialmediahasnonegativeeffectsonmentalhealth.(False)-Explanation:Thestudycitedexplicitlylinkssocialmediatoanxiety,depression,andbullying.7."TheHistoryoftheInternet"creditsTimBerners-Leeasthesoleinventoroftheinternet.(False)-Explanation:Thetextacknowledgesmultiplecontributors,includingVintCerfandRobertKahn,notjustBerners-Lee.8."TheRoleofLiteratureinSociety"arguesthatliteratureisunnecessaryinaninformationage.(False)-Explanation:Theessayemphasizesliterature'sroleinfosteringempathyandcriticalthinking,contrastingitwithmereinformationconsumption.9."TheBiologyofSleep"statesthathumansdonotrequireREMsleepforsurvival.(False)-Explanation:ThepassagehighlightsREM'simportanceforcognitiveandemotionalhealth,suggestingitsnecessity.10."TheGlobalWaterCrisis"claimsthatdesalinationisthemostviablesolutiontowaterscarcity.(False)-Explanation:Thearticlecritiquesdesalination'shighcostsandenvironmentalimpact,presentingitasoneofmanyunidealsolutions.四、简答题（总共8题，每题2分，共16分）1.Explainhow"TheSecretLifeofTrees"usesscientificevidencetosupportitsclaimsaboutinterplantcommunication.-Answer:ThepassagereferencesstudiesbybotanistDr.PaulStamets,detailingexperimentswheretreessharenutrientsandwarningsthroughundergroundfungalnetworks.Italsocitescarbonisotopeanalysistotracechemicalsignals.Theevidenceispresentedtovalidatetheideathattreesexhibitcomplexsocialbehaviors.2.Describetherelationshipbetweencoralbleachingandoceanacidificationasdiscussedin"TheGreatBarrierReef."-Answer:Thetextexplainsthatwhilebleachingiscausedbyhightemperatures,acidification(lowerpHlevelsfromCO2absorption)weakenscoralskeletons,makingthemmoresusceptibletobleaching.Bothstressorsexacerbateeachother,threateningreefsurvival.3.Howdoes"ThePowerofSmallActs"usepersonalstoriestomotivatereaders?-Answer:Theessayfeaturesreal-lifeexamples,suchasasingledonationfundingcleanwaterprojectsorakindwordpreventingaschoolshooting,todemonstratethatindividualactionscanrippleoutward.Thesenarrativesaimtodemotivateskepticismbyshowingtangibleresults.4.Whatarethethreemaincategoriesoftasksin"TheArtofTimeManagement,"andhowshouldtheybehandled?-Answer:TheEisenhowerMatrixcategorizestasksasurgent/important,important/noturgent,urgent/notimportant,andnoturgent/notimportant.Thearticleadvisesaddressingurgent/importanttasksfirst,planningforimportant/noturgentones,delegatingurgent/notimportantones,andminimizingthelastcategory.5.Accordingto"TheFutureofRenewableEnergy,"whatarethetwobiggestchallengestosolarpoweradoption?-Answer:Thepassageidentifieshighinitialinstallationcostsandenergystorageinefficienciesastheprimarybarriers.Whilesolarefficiencyisimproving,theseeconomicandtechnologicalhurdlesslowwidespreadadoption.6.Explainhow"TheImpactofSocialMediaonTeenagers"usesstatisticstosupportitsarguments.-Answer:Thestudycitesa2024surveyshowing78%ofteensreportingincreasedanxietyafterheavysocialmediause,alongsideclinicaldatalinkingplatformslikeInstagramtohigherratesofdepression.Thesefiguresaimtoquantifythepsychologicaltoll.7.Whathistoricaleventdoes"TheHistoryoftheInternet"describeasthecatalystforitsglobalexpansion?-Answer:Thetexthighlightsthe1990scommercializationoftheinternet,particularlytheintroductionofdomainnamesanduser-friendlybrowsers,whichmadeitaccessiblebeyondacademiccircles.Thisshiftenabledexponentialgrowth.8.Howdoes"TheRoleofLiteratureinSociety"differentiatebetweenreadingforinformationandreadingforinsight?-Answer:Theessayarguesthatwhileinformation-basedreading(e.g.,newsarticles)providesfacts,literatureengagesreadersemotionallyandintellectually,promptingreflectiononthemeslikejusticeorlove.Thisdeeperengagementfostersempathyandcriticalthinking.五、应用题（总共8题，每题4分，共24分）1.Imagineyouareahighschoolstudentstrugglingtobalancehomework,extracurriculars,andsociallife.Using"TheArtofTimeManagement,"outlineaweeklyschedulethatprioritizestasks.-Answer:-Monday/Wednesday/Friday:Studyfor1hourafterschool,then30minutesonextracurriculars.-Tuesday/Thursday:Homeworkfor1.5hours,thenfreetime.-Saturday:Sleepin,then2hoursforhobbies.-Sunday:1hourforchores,1hourforrelaxation.-ThescheduleusestheEisenhowerMatrix:homeworkandstudyareurgent/important,hobbiesareimportant/noturgent.2."TheGreatBarrierReef"mentionsthatclimatechangeisacceleratingcoralbleaching.Ifyouwereamarinebiologist,whatthreeactionswouldyouproposetomitigatethis?-Answer:3.ReduceglobalCO2emissionsthroughrenewableenergypolicies.4.Createmarineprotectedareastoallowreefstoadapt.5.Developcoralrestorationtechniques,suchaslab-grownreefs.6."ThePowerofSmallActs"encouragescommunityservice.Writeashortparagraphdescribinghowvolunteeringatalocalfoodbankcouldimpactboththeorganizationandthecommunity.-Answer:Volunteeringatafoodbanknotonlyprovidesmealstothehomelessbutalsoreducestheorganization'soperationalburden,allowingittoservemorepeople.Community-wise,itfosterssocialcohesionandraisesawarenessabouthunger,inspiringotherstoact.7."TheFutureofRenewableEnergy"discussessolarpower.Ifyourschoollackssolarpanels,proposeaplantoinstallthem,includingcost-savingmeasures.-Answer:8.Conductafeasibilitystudytoassesssunlightexposureandroofspace.9.Applyforgrantsorcrowdfundingtooffsetcosts.10.Partnerwithasolarcompanyforgroupdiscounts.11.Implementaphasedrollouttospreadexpenses.12."TheImpactofSocialMediaonTeenagers"reportsthat65%ofteensfeelpressuretopostperfectimages.Howcouldaschooladdressthisissue?-Answer:Theschoolcouldlaunchworkshopsonmedialiteracy,encouragingstudentstoquestioncuratedcontent.Additionally,promotingofflineactivitiesandpeersupportgroupscouldreducerelianceonvalidationfromonlineaudiences.13."TheHistoryoftheInternet"mentionstheroleofTimBerners-Lee.Ifyouweretointerviewhim,whatthreequestionswouldyouask?-Answer:14.WhatinspiredyoutocreatetheWorldWideWeb?15.Howdoyouenvisiontheinternetevolvinginthenextdecade?16.Whatadvicedoyouhaveforyounginnovatorstoday?17."TheBiologyofSleep"explainsthatREMsleepisvitalformemory.HowcouldastudentimprovetheirREMsleepforbetteracademicperformance?-Answer:Thestudentcouldestablishaconsistentsleepschedule,avoidcaffeinebeforebed,andcreateadark,quietenvironment.ReducingscreentimebeforesleepcouldalsoenhanceREMquality.18."TheGlobalWaterCrisis"highlightsthatagricultureuses70%offreshwater.Ifyouwereafarmer,whatsustainablepracticeswouldyouadopt?-Answer:Implementdripirrigationtoreducewaste,rotatecropstopreservesoilmoisture,andusedrought-resistantseeds.Additionally,collectingrainwatercouldsupplementtraditionalwatersources.【标准答案及解析】一、单项选择题1.B2.A3.B4.B5.B6.C7.B8.C9.C10.C二、填空题1.ethylenegas2.areexpelled3.simple4.urgency;importance5.perovskite6.mentalhealthissues7.TCP/IP8.criticalthinking9.REM10.polaricecaps三、判断题1.False2.False3.False4.False5.False6.False7.False8.False9.False10.False四、简答题1.ThepassagereferencesDr.Stamets'studiesonfungalnetworksandcarbonisotopeanalysistovalidateinterplantcommunication.2.Bleachingiscausedbyhightemperatures,whileacidificationweakenscoralskeletons,makingthemmorevulnerabletobleaching.3.Personalstories(e.g.,asingledonationfunding