2025年最-新全国翻译专业资格(水平)考试CATTI三级笔译实务试题与答案

2025年最新全国翻译专业资格(水平)考试CATTI三级笔译实务试题与答案英译汉试题1（满分30分）TheFoodandAgricultureOrganizationoftheUnitedNations(FAO)releasedits2025GlobalReportonSmallholderFoodSystemResilienceinRomeonFebruary18,pointingoutthatthereare580millionsmall-scaleagriculturalproductionentitiesworldwide,operatinglessthan2hectaresofarablelandperhouseholdonaverage,contributing32%ofglobalfoodsupplyand60%ofstaplegrainoutputinlow-andmiddle-incomecountries.Foralongtime,smallholdergroupshavebeenexcludedfromthemainstreampolicysupportsystem,publicservicecoverageandindustrialvaluechaindistributionmechanism,andtheirabilitytocopewithsuperimposedriskssuchasextremeclimatedisasters,regionalconflicts,agriculturalinputpricefluctuationsandfoodsupplychaindisruptionsisfarlowerthanthatoflarge-scaleagriculturaloperators.Thereport’sspecialsurveycovering37countriesacrosssixregionsshowsthatinthepastfiveyears,72%ofsmallholderhouseholdshavesufferedareductioninagriculturalincomeofmorethan30%duetoasingledisastershock,buttheproportionofsmallholderswhocanobtaintargetedgovernmentrelieffundswithinonemonthafterthedisasterisonly19%.Thereportnotesthatbuildingresilientsmallholderfoodsystemsisnotamarginalsocialwelfareinitiative,butacorestrategicarrangementtoachievetheUN2030SustainableDevelopmentGoals,eradicateextremepovertyandavoidlarge-scalefoodsecurityrisks.TheFAOcallsonallcountriestoincorporatesmallholdersupportpoliciesintothecoreframeworkofnationalfoodsecuritystrategies,setupspecialinclusivefinancialproductsforsmallagriculturaloperators,buildatieredagriculturaldisasterearlywarningsystemthatcoversvillage-leveladministrativeunits,andopenupdirectchannelsforsmallholderstoconnectwiththemid-to-highendoftheagriculturalproductsupplychain.Fordevelopingcountriesthathavealreadymadepositiveattemptsinrelevantfields,theFAOwillsetupaspecialtechnicalassistancefundof120millionUSdollarsin2025toprovidecustomizedcapacitybuildinganddigitaltoolsupportforlocalagriculturaldepartments.参考译文联合国粮食及农业组织（粮农组织）于2025年2月18日在罗马发布《2025年全球小农粮食体系韧性报告》，指出全球目前共有5.8亿个小型农业生产主体，户均耕地经营面积不足2公顷，贡献了全球32%的粮食供给，在中低收入国家的主粮产出占比更是达到60%。长期以来，小农户群体始终被排除在主流政策支持体系、公共服务覆盖范围和产业价值链分配机制之外，在极端气候灾害、地区冲突、农资价格波动、粮食供应链中断等多重叠加风险面前，小农户的抗风险能力远不及规模化农业经营主体。这份覆盖六大洲37个国家的专项调研显示，过去五年间，72%的小农户家庭曾因单次灾害冲击出现农业收入降幅超30%的情况，但灾害发生后一个月内能够拿到政府定向救助资金的小农户占比仅为19%。报告特别指出，搭建具备韧性的小农粮食体系并非边缘性的社会福利举措，而是落实《联合国2030年可持续发展议程》、消除极端贫困、防范大规模粮食安全风险的核心战略部署。粮农组织呼吁各国将小农户扶持政策纳入本国粮食安全战略的核心框架，面向小规模农业经营主体推出专属普惠金融产品，搭建覆盖村级行政单元的分级农业灾害预警体系，打通小农户对接农产品供应链中高端环节的直达通道。针对已经在相关领域作出积极探索的发展中国家，粮农组织将于2025年设立总额1.2亿美元的专项技术援助基金，为当地农业部门提供定制化能力建设与数字化工具支撑。采分点说明（共30分）1.专有名词规范译法（8分）：TheFoodandAgricultureOrganizationoftheUnitedNations必须译“联合国粮食及农业组织（粮农组织）”，漏译通用简称扣1分；SmallholderFoodSystemResilience中“resilience”农业领域规范译法为“韧性”，错译为“弹性”“恢复力”扣1分；agriculturalinput通用译名为“农资/农业投入品”，错译为“农业输入”扣1分；theUN2030SustainableDevelopmentGoals完整规范译名为《联合国2030年可持续发展议程》，漏译“议程”扣1分；inclusivefinancialproducts必须译“普惠金融产品”，不符合国内官方通用表述扣1分；village-leveladministrativeunits译“村级行政单元”，错译扣1分；technicalassistancefund译“技术援助基金”，表述错误扣1分。2.长句适配中文表达习惯调整（12分）：原句“theirabilitytocopewithsuperimposedriskssuchasextremeclimatedisasters,regionalconflicts,agriculturalinputpricefluctuationsandfoodsupplychaindisruptionsisfarlowerthanthatoflarge-scaleagriculturaloperators”不得直译生成欧化中文，若保留“……的能力比……的能力更低”的冗余句式扣3分，必须调整为符合中文叙事逻辑的前置场景表述，否则酌情扣分；原句中两个并列的数字对比分句若拆分后逻辑断裂，扣2分；“buildingresilientsmallholderfoodsystemsisnotamarginalsocialwelfareinitiative,butacorestrategicarrangement”一处逻辑关联表述翻译时若颠倒主次语义、将核心举措译为次要举措，扣4分；3.细节信息准确性（10分）：所有数字翻译必须和原文一致，580million译为“5.8亿”、120millionUSdollars译为“1.2亿美元”，出现数字错误每处扣2分；时间、地点要素遗漏每处扣1分；译文语句不通顺、出现语病酌情扣1-3分。英译汉试题2（满分30分）TheInternationalRenewableEnergyAgency(IRENA)releasedthe2025InclusiveDistributedCleanEnergyDevelopmentReportinAbuDhabionJanuary9,statingthattheglobalnewlyinstalledcapacityofdistributedphotovoltaicpowerreached127gigawattsin2024,ayear-on-yearincreaseof21%,ofwhichlow-andmiddle-incomecountriesaccountedfor41%ofthetotalincrement,farhigherthanthe27%proportionfiveyearsago.Theso-calleddistributedphotovoltaicpowerreferstothesmall-scalephotovoltaicpowergenerationfacilitiesbuiltontheroofsofresidentialhouses,ruralidlefarmshedsandcommunitypublicbuildings,whichareclosetothelocalpowerconsumptionsideandcandirectlysupplypowerforsurroundinghouseholdsandsmallproductionentitieswithoutlong-distancetransmission.Thereportpointsoutthathouseholddistributedphotovoltaicfacilitieshavebecomethemostcost-effectivesolutiontoaddressenergypovertyinremoteoff-airgridareas.Atpresent,thereare730millionpeopleworldwidewhocannotaccessstablegridpowersupply,andthepopularizationofhouseholdphotovoltaicsystemswithaunitcostoflessthan300USdollarscanhelpthesegroupsgetridofpowersupplyconstraintsatonetime,withouttheneedtolayalargenumberofgridtransmissionlineswhichcost8to10timesmore.IRENA’scasetrackingof11countriesshowsthatafterinstallinghouseholddistributedphotovoltaicsystems,localsmallhandicraftworkshopscanextendtheirworkinghoursby4to5hoursperdayonaverage,ruralstudents’eveninglearningconditionsaresignificantlyimproved,andtheaverageannualpercapitaelectricitybillexpenditureofresidentsdropsby62%.However,thecurrentpromotionofdistributedphotovoltaicsinlow-incomecountriesstillfacesmultipleobstacles:thelackoftargetedsupportingsubsidypolicies,theinsufficientsupplyoflocaloperationandmaintenancepersonnel,andthedifficultyforresidentstoobtainsmalllow-interestloansforequipmentprocurement.IRENApredictsthatifrelevantsupportivemeasuresareimplementedinplace,thetotalinstalledcapacityofdistributedphotovoltaicsinlow-andmiddle-incomecountrieswillexceed1,500gigawattsby2030,whichcandrive430millionpeopleoutofenergypovertyandreduceglobalcarbondioxideemissionsby2.1billiontonsperyear.参考译文国际可再生能源署于2025年1月9日在阿布扎比发布《2025年分布式清洁能源普惠发展报告》，提出2024年全球分布式光伏新增装机容量达127吉瓦，同比增长21%，其中中低收入国家占总增量的41%，远高于五年前27%的占比水平。所谓分布式光伏发电，指的是在居民住宅屋顶、农村闲置农用棚舍、社区公共建筑上建设的小型光伏发电设施，这类设施紧邻本地用电侧，无需经过长距离输变电，就可以直接为周边住户和小型生产主体供电。报告指出，户用分布式光伏设施已经成为解决偏远无电地区能源贫困问题性价比最高的方案：当前全球共有7.3亿人无法获得稳定的电网供电，推广单套成本不足300美元的户用光伏系统，可一次性帮助这类群体摆脱供电约束，无需铺设成本高出8至10倍的大规模电网输变电线路。国际可再生能源署对11个国家的案例跟踪显示，安装户用分布式光伏系统后，当地小型手工作坊的日均开工时长平均可延长4至5小时，农村学生的夜间学习条件得到显著改善，居民年人均电费支出平均下降62%。但目前低收入国家推广分布式光伏仍面临多重阻碍：定向配套补贴政策缺位、本地运维人员供给不足、居民难以申请到用于设备采购的小额低息贷款。国际可再生能源署预测，如果相关扶持措施落实到位，2030年前中低收入国家的分布式光伏总装机容量将突破1500吉瓦，可推动4.3亿人摆脱能源贫困，每年减少全球二氧化碳排放21亿吨。采分点说明（共30分）1.专业术语准确性（9分）：distributedphotovoltaicpower规范译名为“分布式光伏发电”，错译“光伏”为“光电”扣1分；gigawatt为功率单位“吉瓦”，错译为“兆瓦”“千瓦”扣1分；off-airgrid电力领域通用译名为“离网”，错译为“无电网覆盖”扣1分；powerconsumptionside译“用电侧”，表述错误扣1分；operationandmaintenance通用译名为“运维”，完整写“运营维护”也可得分，译错扣1分；unitcost译“单位成本/单套成本”，符合语境即可得分。2.语义逻辑梳理（13分）：文中对分布式光伏发电的定义长句需拆分为符合中文科普文体的短句，出现句式杂糅扣3分；能源贫困部分的成本倍数对比关系不得颠倒，若误将“光伏成本是线路成本的1/8到1/10”译为“线路成本是光伏成本的1/8到1/10”扣5分；三大推广障碍并列成分表述需和原文一一对应，遗漏任意一项扣2分。3.细节信息核查（8分）：所有数字、单位、专有机构名称翻译错误每处扣1分；译文出现不符合中文正式文体的口语化表达、语句不通顺酌情扣1-4分。汉译英试题1（满分20分）2025年中央一号文件明确提出，要加快发展林下经济等特色产业，巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成果，全面推进乡村振兴。作为全国林改先发区的福建三明，近十年来持续深化集体林权制度改革，通过林权流转、林地集约经营、林农小额贴息贷款扶持等一系列创新举措，打通了“绿水青山就是金山银山”的转化通道。当地依托1.89万平方公里的林地资源，逐步探索形成了林下种植多花黄精、林下养蜂、林下生态旅游三大核心产业体系，2024年全市林下经济总产值突破1200亿元，带动18.7万户林农每户年均增收超过2.1万元。为了提升林下经济的附加值，当地还联合省内外高校建立了12个林下产品深加工实验室，推出了黄精养生茶、有机蜂蜜礼盒等多款高附加值产品，通过跨境电商平台远销欧盟、东南亚等20多个国家和地区，彻底改变了过去林农只能靠卖原木获得微薄收入的局面。目前三明的林下经济发展模式已经被列为全国林业产业典型推广案例，先后有13个省份的林业主管部门前往当地调研学习相关经验。参考译文TheNo.1CentralDocument2025clearlystatesthatitisnecessarytoacceleratethedevelopmentoffeaturedindustriessuchasunder-foresteconomy,consolidateandexpandtheachievementsinpovertyalleviation,andcomprehensivelyadvanceruralrevitalization.SanminginFujianProvince,apioneeringzoneofforesttenurereformacrossChina,hascontinuedtodeepenthecollectiveforesttenuresystemreformoverthepastdecade.Throughaseriesofinnovativemeasuresincludingforestrighttransfer,intensiveforestlandoperation,andsubsidizedsmallloansupportforforestfarmers,thecityhasopenedupthetransformationpathfromlucidwatersandlushmountainstoinvaluableassets.Relyingonitsforestlandresourcesof18,900squarekilometers,thelocalgovernmenthasgraduallyfosteredthreecoreindustrialsystems:polygonatumcyrtonemacultivationunderforest,beekeepingunderforest,andeco-tourisminforestareas.In2024,thetotaloutputvalueofthecity’sunder-foresteconomyexceeded1200billionyuan,drivinganaverageannualincomeincreaseofover21,000yuanforeachofthe187,000forestfarmerhouseholds.Toraisetheaddedvalueoftheunder-foresteconomy,thelocalauthoritieshavealsoestablished12deepprocessinglaboratoriesforunder-forestproductsincooperationwithuniversitiesathomeandabroad,andlaunchedavarietyofhighvalue-addedproductssuchaspolygonatumhealthteaandorganichoneygiftboxes.Theseproductsaresoldtomorethan20countriesandregionsintheEuropeanUnion,SoutheastAsiaandotherregionsviacross-bordere-commerceplatforms,completelyoverturningtheoldscenariowhereforestfarmerscouldonlyearnmeagerincomebysellingrawlogs.Atpresent,Sanming’sunder-foresteconomydevelopmentmodelhasbeenlistedasatypicalcasefornationalforestryindustrypromotion,andforestrycompetentdepartmentsfrom13provinceshavetraveledtothelocalareatoconductinvestigationandlearnrelevantexperience.采分点说明（共20分）1.官方标准表述准确性（10分）：中央一号文件固定译法为No.1CentralDocument，错译扣1分；林下经济通用标准译法为under-foresteconomy，译错扣1分；集体林权制度改革官方译法为collectiveforesttenuresystemreform，错译核心术语扣2分；“绿水青山就是金山银山”标准译法为lucidwatersandlushmountainsareinvaluableassets，表述偏差较大扣2分；巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成果译consolidateandexpandtheachievementsinpovertyalleviation，不符合官方通用表述扣2分。2.专业词汇准确性（6分）：多花黄精标准植物学译名为polygonatumcyrtonema，错译扣1分；小额贴息贷款译subsidizedsmallloan，译错扣1分；林权流转译forestrighttransfer，译错扣1分。3.逻辑与细节（4分）：所有数字翻译准确无误，出现错误每处扣1分；语句语法错误、搭配不当每处扣1分，扣完为止。汉译英试题2（满分20分）潮绣是中国四大名绣之一，属于国家级非物质文化遗产代表性项目，至今已有一千多年的传承历史。潮绣最鲜明的工艺特点是采用金银线垫绣技法，通过垫高绣面的方式让最终的刺绣作品呈现出立体浮雕的视觉效果，工艺复杂度远高于普通平面刺绣。过去潮绣作品主要用于传统宗祠祭祀服饰、戏曲戏服制作，受众面较窄，大量从业老艺人年事已高，潮绣传承一度面临后继无人的困境。近年来，潮州当地政府出台了专项扶持政策，一方面为潮绣传承人提供专项创作补贴、建设免费对外开放的潮绣非遗展示馆，另一方面鼓励年轻设计人才返乡创业，将潮绣传统技法和现代日常生活用品、潮流文创产品设计相结合。2024年，全市潮绣相关从业主体已经超过300家，90后年轻传承人占比达到42%，全年潮绣相关文创产品出口额达7.2亿元，产品涵盖潮绣元素服饰、家居装饰摆件、非遗工艺首饰等多个品类，远销27个国家和地区，不少海外华人特意定制潮绣作品作为馈赠亲友的文化特色礼品。如今古老的潮绣技艺已经跳出了传统的应用场景，正以全新的当代化形态走入国内外大众的日常生活。参考译文AsoneofthefourmostfamousembroiderystylesinChina,Chaoembroideryisarepresentativeitemofnationalintangibleculturalheritagewithainheritancehistoryofmorethan1,000years.ThemostdistinctivecraftfeatureofChaoembroideryisthegoldandsilverthreadpaddingembroiderytechnique,whichcreatesathree-dimensionalembossedvisualeffectonthefinishedembroideryworksbyelevatingtheembroiderysurface,makingitscraftcomplexityfarhigherthanthatofordinaryflatembroidery.Inthepast,Chaoembroideryworksweremainlyusedfortheproductionoftraditionalancestralhallsacrificialcostumesandoperacostumes,withanarrowaudiencecoverage.Alargenumberofelderlycraftartisanswereadvancedinage,andtheinheritanceofChaoembroideryoncefacedthedilemmaofnosuccessor.Inrecentyears,thelocalgovernmentofChaozhouhasrolledoutspecialsupportpolicies.Ontheonehand,itprovidesspecialcreationsubsidiesforChaoembroideryinheritors,andbuildsfree-to-visitexhibitionhallsfortheintangibleculturalheritageofChaoembroidery.Ontheotherhand,itencouragesyoungdesigntalentstoreturntotheirhometownstostartbusinesses,andcombinetraditionalChaoembroiderytechn