考研英语（二）模拟试卷97

考研英语（二）模拟试卷97

一、完型填空（本题共20题，每题1.0分，共20分。）

AmazontodayunveiledDashButtons,aneasywayforcustomersto[Cl]

selectbulkgoods[C2]aninternet-connectedbutton,andyesterday[C3]

HomeServices,anon-demandinstallationandhandymanservice.Combined,

theyshowthatthee-commercegianthasaclearunderstandingofhowtheInternet-of-

(hingswill[C4]itsbusiness.Anditisn'tgoingtobeshyaboutcapitalizingon

connectivitytobuilditsbottomline.DashButtonsarcanadaptationofAmazon's[C5]

-controlledDashorderingsystemthatletspeoplespeaktoordernew[C6]

items.So[C7]Amazonhasisaretrofitstrategyforconnectingsmart

appliances(oitse-commerceoperationsandafuture-facingstrategyfbr(hecomingflood

of[C8]devices.Ar.dallofthisisgearedaroundmakingbuyingproductsfrom

Amazonaseasyaspossible.The[C9]ofone-buttontasksareappealing,

[CIO]itcouldleadtoa[ClI]ofpackagesendingupatpeople's

doorsifAmazondoesn'ttryto[C12]wasteonitsend,bygroupingshipments

togetherwhenpossible.PeopleonTwitterseemmostly[C13]aboutpetsand

smallchildrenplayingwiththeDashButtonsandorderingmultiplesoftheirKraft

MacaroniandCheeseboxes,althoughAmazonnotesthat[CI4]thebuttonis

pressedmorethanonce,theorderdoesn'tgo[C15]onthesecondtime,and

you'llgetasmartphonenotificationaboutit.AmazonalsorecentlylaunchedHome

Services,followinguponlastyear'sopeningofahomeautomatione-storedevotedto

connectedgadgetsforthehome—manyofwhichrequirea[C16]installer.So

nowAmazoncansellthesedevicesalongwiththepersonwhocaninstallthem.Italsois

[C17]onmaintenance,viaanetworkofserviceprovidersthati(cancall

【Cl8】foritsnetworkofsuppliersorforitsownplannedconnectedhomeplay.

WithDash,it's[C19]anoffensiveplayto[C20]upmoresalesas

devicescomeonline.WithAmazonHomeServices,it'smakingadefensiveplayasother

largecompaniestrytobecomemoreverticallyintegrated.

1、(CI]

A、choose

B、buy

C>order

D、get

标准答案：C

知识点解析：此处讲一键卜单按钮DashButtons可以帮助消费者“轻松特定

的大宗货物“，四个选项choose“选择”，buy“购买”，order”订购，预定”似乎都说得

过去。但做知识运用的题目要学会瞻前顾后，多利用上下文的提示线索解题。末句

反复出现的Dashorderingsystem提示此处选择C.order最为合适。

2、[C2]

A、via

B、on

C、around

D、at

标准答案：A

知识点解析：此处意为“这款联网的按钮，消费者可以轻松预订特定的大宗

货物”，需要填入一个介词表实现方式，因此只有A.via适合，表示“通过，凭借”

之意。via也出现在倒数第二段中，viaanetworkofserviccproviders,仍然是这个用

法。

3、[C3]

A^published

B、launched

C、announced

released

标准答案：B

知识点解析:木句AmazontodayunveiledDashButtons...andyesterday3Home

Servicesand表示顺接，可见这是一个对称结构，此处需要填一个与unveiled意

思相近的词。veil意为“面纱”，unveil即“揭开……的面纱,使公之于众”,结合上

下文可知此处表“发行，发布”之意。publish多指出版发行文字作品，也指通过报

刊或其他媒介发布新闻等；launch专指向公众推出、发布新产品，也指火箭、卫星

等发射；announce多指首次宣布大家感兴趣或可满足大家好奇心的事情；release

多用于发布信息、数据、新闻等。因此选B.launched。倒数第二段Amazonalso

recentlylaunchedHomeServices也有提示。

4、[C4]

A、benefit

B、influence

C、harm

D、threaten

标准答案：A

知识点解析：下面的句子表示亚马逊开始利用网络互联来创造利润，And表顺接，

暗示与前一句的因果关系。由此推断网络（联必然对它的业务有好处，因此选

A.benefit”有益于influence”影响"，harm“伤害,危害”，threaten“威胁”，均与

题意不符。

5、[C5]

A、numeral

B、sound

C、gesture

D、voice

标准答案：D

知识点解析：此处-controlled是一个复合形容词，修饰Dashordering

system,后跟定语从句由alletspeoplespeaktoordei•…可知这个系统是“声控”的，因

此此处填入一个表示“声音”的词。voice专指人发出的语音，sound则指自然界的一

切声音，因此D.voice正确。numeral"数字"和gesture“手势”均与题意不符。

6、[C6]

A、food

B、grocery

C>digit

D^automation

标准答案：B

知识点解析：此处ordernew______items,试想人们借助DashButtons从亚马逊上

都能订购什么货物呢？自然是口常杂货什么都可以了，因此选B.grocery”食品手

货文中提到的bulkgoods（大宗货物），KraftMacaroniandCheeseboxes（卡夫通心

粉或芝士粉）也验证了这一答案的正确性。食品、数字产品、自动化产品都是其中

的一部分，因此排除其他三项。

7、[C7]

A、that

B、which

C、what

D、when

标准答案：C

知识点解析：此句子的主干是Amazonhasisaretrofitstrategyfor...anda

future-facingstrategyfor....可知Amazonhas为句子的主语，并且连接词在

句中有实际的意义，故排除ihalQhal在引导的主语从句中没有实际意义，且后面接

完整的句子）.其他两项不能引导主语从句.因此，选C.what。

8、[C8]

A、connected

personal

C、automatic

D^electronic

标准答案：A

知识点解析：此句主干为Amazonhasisaretrofitstrategyfor...andafuture­

facingstrategyfor...,Amazonhas即指亚马逊发布新产品这件事情，后面两

个strategy也是两个对称结沟，第一个aretrofitstrategyforconnecting…to…其实已

经暗示了答案。亚马逊发布新产品就是为了应对未来大量联网设备上市的浪潮，而

D^control

标准答案：A

知识点解析：此句意为“如果亚马逊不设法终端的浪费、尽可能地合并发

货，这个功能或许会导致用户家门口被杂乱的包裹堆满”.可知应该是“减少”浪

费。纵观四个选项，minimize“尽最大可能减少“，decreas'为普通用词"减少"，

stop“停止”，control"控制"，A.minimize为最佳选项。

13、[C13]

A、careful

B、curious

C^concerned

D、sympathetic

标准答案：C

知识点解析：此句意为“尽管亚马逊声明……人们还是家里的宠物或小孩子

乱动DashButtons,重复订购卡夫通心粉或芝士粉等商品”，推断应该是表示“担

心，担忧，焦虑”的意思，且与about搭配。纵观四个选项，careftil“小心的”,

curious“好奇的"，concerned“担心的“，sympathetic“同情的”，因此选择

C.concernedo

14、[C14]

A、when

B、though

C、unless

D、if

标准答案：D

知识点解析：此处意为“多次按动下单按钮，生成的订单并不会即刻

，并且用户的智能手机将先收到相应的下单提示信息”，这是一种假设的情

况，因此选D.if。If从句用〜般现在时，主句用一般将来时，本句If...is

pressed...andyou'll…恰好是这种用法。when“当...时“，though“虽然”，unless”除

非''均与文意不符。

15、[C15]

A、down

B、through

C、off

D、out

标准答案：B

知识点解析：根据下半句“并且用户的智能手机将先收到用应的卜.单提示信息”可

知，订单不会马上生效。godown“下降,下跌：降级”，gothrough”完成;经历,

经受；通过；彻查“，goofT爆炸；进行；食物腐败；停止运转“，goout”熄灭；出

版：节目播出：出局”°因此选择B.through,gothrough在此意为“完成

16、[C16]

A^professional

B、special

C、specific

D、amateur

标准答案：A

知识点解析：下句thepersonwhocaninstallthem提示:这些设备需要专业人士进

行安装.因此选择A.professional”专业的，职业的；专门从事的special”特殊

的；专门的，专用的“，specific"明确的；具体的"，amateur“业余的”，均与题意不

符。

17、[C17]

A、attending

B、emphasizing

C、focusing

D、commenting

标准答案：C

知识点解析：此处填入的动词需要与。n搭配，表示HomeServices也注重维修服

务。四个选项中，attendon"照顾，服侍,陪伴；（危险等）伴随“；emphasize"强调,

注重”，但不接on；focuson“致力于"；commenton"就...发表看法”，因此选择

C.Ibuusiiigo

18、[C18]

A、at

B、for

C、in

D、on

标准答案：D

知识点解析：此处填入一个介词且与call搭配。callat”到（某人处）进行短暂访问；

停留"，callfor”要求，呼吁；需要；去接（某人户,callin“顺路拜访”,callon”号

召；拜访；要求，此处选择D.on,callon在文中表示“号召”之意“

19、[C19]

A、applying

making

C、taking

D^getting

标准答案：B

知识点解析：此处结合下文线索即可选出答案为B.making。本句的makingan

offensiveplay与下一句的makingadefensiveplay也是对称结构，offensive（进攻的）

与defensive（防御的）是一对反义词。

20、[C20]

A、rise

B、make

C、ring

D^put

标准答案：C

知识点解析：本句意为“亚马逊可以借助Dash主动出击，销售额”，结合文

章大意和常识可推断是“提升”销售额，ringup为固定搭配，除了有“打电话”的意思

外，还有“赚取，盈利”的意思。考生要注意对熟词僻义的积累。因此，选

C.ringoriseup"起义,造反“，makeup”构成;弥补；编造“，putup”建造,搭

建，张贴“，均不符合题意。

二、阅读（常规阅读理解）（本题共2。题，每题7.0

分，共20分。）

Afterdecadesofworseningdietsandsharpincreasesinobesity,Americans,eatinghabits

havebegunchangingforthebetter.CaloriesconsumeddailybythetypicalAmerican

adult,whichpeakedaround2003,areinthemidstoftheirfirstsustaineddeclinesince

federalstatisticsbegantotrackthesubject,morethan40yearsago.Thedeclinescul

acrossmostmajordemographicgroups—includinghigher-andlower-incomefamilies,

andblacksandwhites—though(heyvarysomewhatbygroup.Inthemoststrikingshift,

theamountoffull-caloriesodadrunkbytheaverageAmericanhasdropped25percent

sincethelate1990s.Ascalorieconsumptionhasdeclined,obesityratesappeartohave

stoppedrisingforadultsandschool-agedchildrenandhavecomedownfortheyoungest

children,suggestingthecaloriereductionsaremakingadifference.Thereversalappears

tostemfrompeople'sgrowingrealizationthattheywereharmingtheirhealthbyeating

anddrinkingtoomuch.Theawarenessbegantobuildinthelate1990s.thankstoaburst

ofscientificresearchaboutthecostsofobesity,andtopublichealthcampaignsinrecent

years.Theencouragingdatadocsnotmeananendtotheobesityepidemic:Morethana

thirdofAmericanadultsarcstillconsideredobese,puttingthematincreasedriskof

diabetes,heartdiseaseandcancer.Americansarestilleatingfartoofewfruitsand

vegetablesandfartoomuchjunkfood,eveniftheyareeatingsomewhatlessofit,

expertssay.Butthechangesineatinghabitssuggestthatwhaionceseemedaninexorable

declineinhealthmayfinallybechangingcourse.Sincethemid-1970s,whenAmerican

eatinghabitsbegan(orapidlychange,calorieconsumptionhadbeenonanear-steady

incline.BarryPopkin,aUniversityofNorthCarolinaprofessorwhohasstudiedfood

dataextensively,describedthedevelopmentasa"turningpoint".Thereisnoperfectway

tomeasureAmericancalorieconsumption.Butthreelargesourcesofdataaboutdietall

pointinthesamedirection.Detaileddailyfooddiariestrackedbygovernment

researchers,datafromfoodbarcodesandestimatesoffoodproductionallshow

reductionsinthecaloriesconsumedbytheaverageAmericansincetheearly2000s.

Thosesignals,alongwiththeflatteningofthenationalobesityrate,haveconvincedmany

publichealthresearchersthatthechangesarcmeaningful.

21>WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothefirst(woparagmphs?

A^Americanadults'consumptionofcalorieshasbeguntodecline.

B、Thedeclinetrendappearedinbothhigher-andlower-incomefamilies.

C、Theamountoffull-caloriesodadrunkbytheaverageAmericanhasdeclined.

D、Thecaloriereductionisthemainreasonforthedeclineofobesityrates.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：细节题。根捱题干关键词thefirsttwoparagraphs定位至前两段。根据

笫一段第二句可知A项“美国成年人的卡路里摄取量开始减少”符合文意，故排

除。根据第二段第一句可知B项”在高收入家庭和低收人家庭均出现了下降趋势”

符合文意，故排除。根据第二段第二句可知C项“美国人对富含卡路里汽水的饮用

开始减少''符合文意。故正确答案为D项。D项中的themainreason是对原文

suggesting(hecaloriereductionsaremakingadifference的过度推断。

22、ThereversalappearedamongAmericansbecause.

A、thegrowthofAmericanpopulation

B、therealizationofthehamfulnessbroughtbybadeatinghabits

C、thelargeamountofscientificresearch

D^thepublichealthcampaignsinrecentyears

标准答案：B

知识点解析：细节题。根捱题干关键词Thereversal定位至第三段第一句：The

reversalappearstostemfrompeople'sgrowingrealizationthattheywereharmingtheir

healthbyeatinganddrinkingtoomuch.此句意为“这个反转趋势显然是因为人们开

始惊觉到放纵饮食对身体的危害。''由此可知，B项“意识到不良饮食习惯带来的坏

处''符合题意，为正确答案。A项“美国人口的增长”无中生有。C项“大量的科学研

究”和D项“近年的公共健康运动”是促使人们意识到不良伙食习惯带来的坏处的原

因，而不是题干问题的原因，故排除。

23、WhichofthediseaseisNOTrelatedtoobesity?

A、Malaria.

B、Diabetes.

C、Heartdisease.

D、Cancer.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：细节题。根据题干关键词disease和obesity定位至第四段：Morethan

athirdofAmericanadultsarcstillconsideredobese,puttingthematincreasedriskof

diabetes,heartdiseaseandcancer.此句意为“超过三分之一的美国成年人依然被归

类于肥胖族。这些人更容易患糖尿病、心脏疾病以及癌症。”故B项“糖尿病”，C

项"心脏病''和D项“癌症”均符合题意，故排除。因此，A项“疟疾”不符合题意，为

正确答案。

24、Whatcanweknowfromthechangesofeatinghabits?

A、thecalorieconsumptionbeguntodecline.

B、theinexorabledeclineinhealthmaybechanged.

C、thedevelopmenttrendisunpredictable.

D、theresearchersbeguntopayattentiontopeople5shealthproblems.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：细节题。根据题干关键词mechangesofeatinghabits定位至最后一段

第一句：Butthechangesineatinghabitssuggestthatwhatonceseemedaninexorable

declineinhealthmayfinallybechangingcourse.此句意为“但饮食习惯的改变可能对

我们以往一直视为必然的健康衰退提供了一线生机。''由此可知B项“不可逆转的

健康衰退有可能被改变''符合题意，为正确答案。A项“卡路里摄人量开始下降”，C

项“发展趋势不可预测”和D项”研究者开始关注人们的健康问题”均不符合题意，故

排除。

25、Whatcanconvincemanypublichealthresearchersthatthechangesaremeaningful?

A、manysignalsandtheflatgrowthofnationalobesityrate.

B、thegovernment'sexperiments.

C、theresearcher'sstudy.

D^thechangesofeatinghabits.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：细节题。根据题干关键词manypublichealthresearchers和（hechanges

arcmeaningful定位至全文最后一句Thosesignals,alongwiththeflatteningofthe

nationalobesityKite,haveuuiivinccdmanypublicrcscaiulicisthattheuhiiiigcs

aremeaningful.此句意为“这些信号，加上全国肥胖率不再攀升，都足以让许多公

共健康研究者相信这些变化并不是偶然。”故A项“许多信号和全国肥胖率的持平

增长”符合题意，为正确答案。B项“政府实验”，C项“研究者的研究”和D项“饮食

习惯的改变”均不符合题意，故排除。

"Isitavitalinterestofthestatetohavemoreanthropologists?"RickScott,theFlorida

governor,onceasked.AleaderofaprominentInternetcompanyoncetoldmethatthe

firmregardsadmissiontoHarvardasausefulproofoftalent,butacollegeeducation

itselfasuseless.Parentsandstudentsthemselvesarcactingontheseprinciples,retreating

fromthehumanities.I'vebeenthinkingaboutthisafterreadingFareedZakaria'ssmart

newbook.InDefenseofaLiberalEducation.LikeMr.Zakaria,1thinkthattheliberal

artsteachcriticalthinking.So,toanswertheskeptics,herearemythreereasonsthe

humanitiesenrichoursoulsandsometimesevenourpocketbooksaswell.First,liberal

artsequipstudentswithcommunicationsandinterpersonalskillsthatarevaluableand

genuinelyrewardedinthelabourforce,especiallywhenaccompaniedbytechnical

abilities."Abroadliberalartseducationisakeypathwaytosuccessinthe21st-century

economy,"saysLawrenceKatz,alaboureconomistatHarvard.ProfessorKatzsaysthat

theeconomicreturntopuretechnicalskillshasflattened,andthehighestreturnnowgoes

tothosewhocombinesoftskills-excellenceatcommunicatingandworkingwith

people—withtechnicalskills.Mysecondreason:Weneedpeopleconversantwiththe

humanitiestohelpreachwisepublicpolicydecisions,evenaboutthesciences.

Technologycompaniesmustconslanllyweighethicaldecisions.Toweightheseissues,

regulatorsshouldbeinformedbyfirst-ratescience,butalsobyfirst-ratehumanism.

WhenthePresident'sCouncilonBioethicsissueditsreponin2002,"HumanCloningand

HumanDignity,"itdependsuponthehumanitiestoshapejudgmentsaboutethics,limits

andvalues.Third,whereverourcareerslie,muchofourhappinessdependsuponour

interactionswiththosearoundus,andthere'ssonicevidencethatliteraturenurturesa

richeremotionalintelligence.Sciencemagazinepublishedfivestudiesindicatingthat

researchsubjectswhoreadliteraryfictiondidbetteratassessingthefeelingsofaperson

inaphotothanthosewhoreadnonfictionorpopularfiction.Literatureseemstooffer

lessonsinhumannaturethathelpusdecodetheworldaroundusandbebetterfriends.

Literaturealsobuildsbridgesofunderstanding.Inshort,itmakeseminentsensetostudy

codingandstatisticstoday,butalsohistoryandliterature.

26Whatisimpliedinthefirstparagraph?

A、Parentsmayencouragetheirchildrentomajorinanthropology.

B、ThehumanitiesinHarvardarenotpopularamongparentsandstudents.

C、TheleaderofanInternetcompanyvaluesHarvardeducationitselfmost.

D^RickScottmaythinkanthropologistsaren'tkeyinterestsofthestate.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：推断题。根据题干关键词定位到第一段。句首是里克・斯科特的一个

问句：“拥有更多人类学家是本州的关键利益所在吗?”文章接着指出互联网公司、

学生、家长等对人文学科的间接或直接的态度。同时借助于第二段作者对人文教育

的支持态度可知，第一段是从反面引出文章的中心，所以里克・斯科特是对问题表

示怀疑的，故D项“里克・斯科特可能认为人类学家并不一定是本州的关键利益”为

正确答案。其他三项均属于过度推断，均排除。

27、LawrenceKatzholdsthatbroadliberalarts.

A、areenoughforyoutosucceed

B、canenrichyourwalletsineconomy

C、achievebalancebetweencommunicatingvalueandsoftskills

D、maximizeyourpotentialwhencoupledwithtechnicalskills

标准答案：D

知识点解析：细节题。根据题干关键词定位到第三段。荧伦斯・卡茨首先提到“广泛

的人文教育是通往成功的重要途径”，接着指出“……既具有软能力——善于与他人

交流和协同工作一又具有技术能力的人获得的回报是最高的”，D项中的

maximizeyourpotential和coupledwith是文中thehighestreturn和combine...with的

同义替换，故D项“当和技术能力结合时，会最大限度地开发你的潜能”为正确答

案。A项和B项均不是劳伦斯・卡茨的观点，C项混淆了broadliberalarts和soft

skills的包含关系。

28、Whichofthefollowingcannotbeusedastheexampleofthesecondsentencein

Paragraph4?

A、ShouldYoutubechangeitswebpage?

B、WhereshouldFacebooksetitsprivacy?

C、HowshouldGooglehandlesexandviolencearticles?

D、ShouldTwinercloseaccountsthatseemsympathetictoterrorists?

标准答案：A

知识点解析：细节题。根据题干关键词定位到第四段。第二句句意为“科技公司必

须不断对伦理决策进行权衡”，解题的关键在于找到与elhical不相符的例子。A项

“Youtube网站应该改变它的页面吗?”显然与伦理无关，符合题干，故为正确答案“

B项“脸谱网应该在哪儿设置隐私”，C项“该如何处理关于性与暴力的文章”，D项

“推特是否该关闭似乎对恐怖分子颇为同情的账号''均是第二句的具体实例。

29、AccordingtotheSciencemagazine,comparedwithpeoplereadingliteraryfiction,

thosereadingnonfiction.

A^evaluatetheworkmoredifficulty

B、decodetheemotionalstatepoorly

C、havericheremotionalintelligence

D、recognizetheportraitmoreeasily

标准答案：B

知识点解析：细节题。根据题干关键词定位到第五段。第二句提到“比起阅读非虚

构类作品或者通俗小说的研究对象.阅读文艺小说的研究对象能够更好地评估照片

上的人处于何种情绪之中”，B项中的decodetheemotionalstate与该句中的

assessingthefeelingofaperson属于同义替换，由丁题干中的主语与该句中正好相

反，而B项中的poorly与文中的better意思也相反，故B项为正确答案。文中“评

估”的对象是thefeelingofaperson,并不是work,故排除A项。C项和D项均指

阅读文艺小说的人。

30、Onthewhole,thereasonsthatthehumanitiesenrichourspirituallifeincludeallthe

followingEXCEPT.

A、theyareusefulforimprovingemotionalintelligence

B、theyareessentialtothewisedecisionsofanorganization

C、theylinkthesoftskillswithtechnicalskillsinthelabourforce

D、theybenefitstudentsincommunicationsandinterpersonalskills

标准答案：C

知识点解析：细节题。根捱题干关键词定位到第二、三、四、五段。第二段结尾指

II广为了回应怀疑论者，我在此给出三点理由“，接下来三段的首句均给出了原因。

A项中的improvingemotionalintelligence与第五段首句的aricheremotional

intelligence相符，B项中的essentialtothewisedecisions与第四段首句的helpreach

wisepublicpolicydecisions相符，D项中的benefitstudents与笫三段首句相符。

humanities属于softskills,C项混淆了概念，也不是题干所述原因，因此为正确答

案。

MuchofcontinentalEuropeisinpoorshape.True,theaggregatewealthofpeopleislittle

changedand(hesocialcapitalinmuseums,parksandotheramenitiesisstillintact.Yet,

inthewesternpart,theeconomyisfailingsociety.Inclusionofethnicminoritiesand

youthintheeconomyismorelackingthanever.Amongthosewhodoparticipate,fewer

arcprospering.Itisameasureofthedeclinethat,inalmosteverycountry,thegrowthof

wagerateshassteadilyslowedsince1995.Whathasgonewrong?Europeaneconomists

speakofalossofcompeiitivenessinsouthernEurope.Theysuggest(hatoutputand

employmentaredown,relativetothepasttrend,becausewagesleaptaheadof

productivity,makinglabourtooexpensiveandforcingemployerstocutback.Takingthis

perspective,someGermaneconomistsarguethatwagesneedtofallintheaffected

economies.Othersargueinsteadformonetarystimulus—forinstance,assetpurchasesby

centralbatiks—toraisepricesandmakecurrentwageratesaffordable.Economistsofa

classicalbentlayalargepartofthedeclineofemployment,andthuslaggingoutput,toa

contractionoflaboursupply.Andtheylaythatcontractionlargelytooutbreaksoffiscal

profligacy—ashappenedinEuropefromthemid-1990sto(hemid-2000s.Disciplesof

Keynes,whofocusonaggregatedemand,viewanyincreaseinhouseholdwealthas

raisingemploymentbecause(heysayitaddstoconsumerdemand.TheysayEurope

needsalotmorefiscal"profligacy"ifitistobringunemploymentdown.Someevidence

favourstheclassics.Yetbothsidesofthisdebatemissthecriticalforceatwork.The

maincauseofEurope'sdeepfall—thelossesofinclusionjobsatisfactionandwage

growth——isthedevastatingslowdownofproductivitythatbeganinthelate1990sand

strucklargeswathesofthecontinent.Itholdsdownthegrowthofwagesratesandit

depressesemployment.Thatslowdownresultedfromnarrowinginnovation.Eveninthe

postwaryears,innovationinEuropewasfeeblebypaststandards.Intheaftermathofthe

financialcrisis,muchofEuropeisstillsufferingaslumpontopofitspost-1990sfall.

Theslumpwillpassbutthefallwillnotbeeasilyovercome.Thecontinentislosingits

besttalent.Itneedstofightforaneconomiclifeworthliving.

31、Thatthegrowthofwagerateshassteadilyslowedindicatesthat.

lessandlessethnicminoritiesandyouthparticipateintheeconomy

B、theeconomyinEuropeisonthedecline

C、thewagesinEuropearelow

D、(heprosperingparticipantsintheeconomyaredeclining

标准答案：B

知识点解析：细节题。根据题干关键词定位到第一段Itisameasureofthedecline

that,inalmosteverycountry,thegrowthofwagerateshassteadilyslowedsince

1995.本句理解的难点在于it为形式主语，真正的主语为thegrowthofwagerates

hassteadilyslowedsince1995。由此可知B项“欧洲的经济1E在衰落”为正确答案。

A项“越来越少的少数民族和青年参与到经济中来”是对原文的正确理解，但是与本

题无关；C项“欧洲的工资低”与文中“增长放缓”不符；D项”参与经济活动的成功

者的数量在下降”同原文相符，但与题干无关，故排除。

32>InEuropeaneconomists'opinion,southernEuropelosecompetitiveness

because.

A^theoutputandemploymentarelosingbalance

B、thewagesinaffectedeconomiesaretoolow

C、theincreaseofwagesgoesbeyondthatofproductivity

D、monetarystimuluscan'tmakecurrentwageratesaffordable

标准答案：C

知识点解析：细节题。根据题干关键词定位到第二段Europeaneconomistsspeakof

alossofcompetitivenessinsouthernEurope.Theysuggesttliatoutputandemployment

aredown,relativetothepasttrend,becausewagesleaptaheadofproductivity,

makinglabourtooexpensiveandforcingemployerstocutback.（欧洲经济学家谈到T

南欧丧失竞争力的情况。他们表示，相对于过去的趋势水平，产出和就业放缓了，

因为薪资涨幅超过了生产率增幅，这让劳动力成本变得过于高昂，并迫使企业裁

员。）故C项”工资的增幅超过了生产率的增幅”为正确答案。A项“产出和就业正在

失去平衡''是现象而不是原因，B项“受影响经济体的工资水平太低”与原文不符，D

项“货币刺激手段不能使现有的工资率水平变得合理”是科学家建议采取的对策，而

非原因。

33、WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtoParagraph3?

A^Theoutbreaksoffiscalprofligacyareregardedasthecauseoflabour-supply^

contraction.

B、DisciplesofKeynesattachmoreimportancetoaggregatedemand.

C、Morefiscal"profligacy"ishelpfultobringunemploymentdown.

D^Thereisnoevidencetosupport（heopinionsofclassics.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：细节题。根据题干关键词定位到第三段。此题可采用排除法。A项

“财政挥霍的爆发被认为是劳动力供应缩减的原因“与Andtheylaythatcontraction

largelytooutbreaksofficialprofligacy相符:B项“凯恩斯的门徒更注重总需求”与

DisciplesofKeynes,whofocusonaggregatedemand相符：C项”更多的财政挥霍有

利于降低失业率”与Theysay；Europeneedsalotmorefiscal,^profligacy"ifitisto

bring'unemploymentdown.相符：故此三项可排除。D项“没有证据支持古典经济

学家的观点Someevidencefavours（heclassics.不符，故D项为正确答案。

34、ThecriticalfactorofEurope?sdeepfallneglectedbybothsidesofthedebate

is.

A^therapidslowdownofproductivity

B、thedeclineofwagegrowth

C、thedepressionofemployment

D、thedecreaseofjobsatisfaction

标准答案：A

知识点解析：细节题。根据题干关键词定位到第四段Yetbothsidesof（hisdebate

missthecriticalforceatwork.ThemaincauseofEurope'sdeepfall—thelossesof

inclusion,jobsatisfactionandwagegrowth—isthedevastatingslowdownof

productivitythatbeganinthelateI990sandstrucklargeswathesofthecontinent.（然

而这场辩论的双方都忽略了一个发挥关键作用的因素。欧洲深度衰落——体现在包

容度、就业满足感以及工资增长等方面——的主要原因是生产率的剧烈放缓，这始

于20世纪90年代末，影响到欧洲大陆很多地区。）故A项”生产率的快速放缓”为

正确答案。B项“工资增长率的降低”，C项“就业的衰落”，D项“就业满足感的降

低”，均与题意不符，故排除。

35、Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

A、Economists'opinionsonthedeclineofEurope.

B、Narrowinginnovation:responsibleforthedeclineofEurope.

C、ThedevelopmenttrendofEuropeancountries.

D、ThetroublesofEuropeancountries.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：主旨题。根据题干关键词，可知本题是在考查文章的主旨大意。本文

共有五段。第一段通过现象引出主题：欧洲经济衰落，究竟为何?第二、三段分别

列举了欧洲经济学家和古典经济学家给出的原因。第四、五段指出论战双方忽略了

一个主要原因，那就是生产力的剧烈放缓，而这又源于创新减弱。故本题的正确答

案为B项“创新的放缓：为欧洲的衰落负责”。易混项A项“经济学家们对欧洲衰落

的看法“只是对文章表面现象的陈述，文章列举经济学家们的观点，只是为了引出

最后的观点，故排除。C项“欧洲国家的发展趋势”和D项“欧洲国家的麻烦”均可轻

易排除。

Somefuturologistshaveassumedthatthevastupsurgeofwomenintheworkforcemay

portendarejectionofmarriage.Manywomen,accordingtothishypothesis,wouldrather

workthanmarry.Theconverseofthisconcernisthattheprospectsofbecomingamulti­

paycheckhouseholdcouldencouragemarriages.Inthepast,onlytheearningsand

financialprospectsofthemancountedinthemarriagedecision.Now,however,the

earningabilityofawomancanmakehermoreattractiveasamarriagepartner.Data

showthateconomicdownturnstendtopostponemarriagebecausethepartiescannot

affordtoestablishafamilyorarcconcernedaboutrainydaysahead.Astheeconomy

rebounds,thenumberofmarriagesalsorises.Coincidentwiththeincreaseinwomen

workingoutsidethehomeistheincreaseindivorcerates.Yet,itmaybewrongtojump

toanysimplecause-and-effectconclusions.Theimpactofawife'sworkondivorceisno

lesscloudythanitsimpactonmarriagedecisions.Therealizationthatshecanbeagood

providermayincreasethechancesthataworkingwifewillchoosedivorceoveran

unsatisfactorymarriage.Butthereverseisequallyplausible.Tensionsgroundedin

financialproblemsoftenplayakeyroleinendingamarriage.Givenhighunemployment,

inflationaryproblems,andslowgrowthinrealearnings,aworkingwifecanincrease

householdincomeandrelievesomeofthesepressingfinancialburdens.Byraisinga

family'sstandardofliving,aworkingwifemaystrengthenherfamily'sfinancialand

emotionalstability.Psychologicalfactors<ilsoshouldbeconsidered.Forexample,awife

blockedfromacareeroutsidethehomemayfeelcagedinthehouse.Shemayviewher

onlychoiceasseekingadivorce.Ontheotherhand,ifshecanfindfulfillmentthrough

workoutsidethehome,workandmarriagecangotogethertocreateastrongerandmore

stableunion.Also,amajorpartofwomen'sinequalityinmarriagehasbeenduetothe

factthat,inmostcases,menhaveremainedthemainbreadwinners.Withhigherearning

capacityandstatusoccupationsoutsideofthehomecomestheCapacitytoexercise

powerwithinthefamily.Aworkingwifemayrobahusbandofbeingthemasterofthe

house.Dependinguponhowthecouplereactstothesenewconditions,itcouldcreatea

strongerequalpartnershiporitcouldcreatenewinsecurities.

36、Theword"portend"(Sentence1,Para.1)isclosestinmeaningto"

A、defy

B、signal

C、sufferfrom

D^resultfrom

标准答案：B

知识点解析：含义题。由原文可知“许多妇女宁愿工作而不结婚”，由此可推知

portend意为“象征，代表”，即“劳工队伍中妇女的激增代表了对婚姻的抛弃”，因

此B项正确。A项“藐视”；C项“遭受”；D项“起源于”，这三项均不符合文意。

37、Itissaidinthepassagethatwhentheeconomyslides,.

A、menwouldchooseworkingwomenastheirmarriagepartners

B、morewomenwouldgetmarriedtoseekfinancialsecurity

C、evenworkingwomenwouldworryabouttheirmarriages

D、morepeoplewouldprefertoremainsingleforthetimebeing

标准答案：D

知识点解析：细节题。原文指出“经济下滑会延迟婚姻，因为双方无力支付家庭开

支或担心将来的口子”，因此D项“更多的人会选择暂时独身”与此相符，题干用

economyslides解释