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考研英语(二)模拟试卷113

一、完型填空(本题共20题,每题7.0分,共20分。)

SomehistorianssaythatthemostimportantcontributionofDwightEisenhower's

presidency(总统任期)inthe1950swastheU.S.interstatehighwaysystem.Itwasa

[Cl]project,easilysurpassingthescaleofsuchprevioushuman[C2]

asthePanamaCanal.Eisenhower'sinterstatehighways[C3]thenation

togetherinnewwaysand[C4]majoreconomicgrowthbymakingcommerce

less[C5]Today,aninformationsuperhighwayhasbeenbuilt—anelectronic

networkthat[C6]libraries,corporations,governmentagenciesand[C7]

.ThiselectronicsuperhighwayiscalledtheInternet,[C8]itisthe

backbone(主干)oftheWorldWideWeb.TheInternethadits[C9]ina1969

U.S.DefenseDepartmentcomputernetworkcalledARPAnet,which[CIO]

AdvancedResearchProjectsAgencyNetwork.ThePentagonbuiltthenetworkfbr

militarycontractorsanduniversitiesdoingmilitaryresearchto[Cl1]

information.In1983theNationalScienceFoundation(NSF),[C12]missionis

topromotescience,lookover.ThisnewNSFnetwork【Cl3]moreandmore

institutionalusers,manyof[C14]hadtheirowninternalnetworks.For

example,mostuniversitiesthat[C15]theNSFnetworkhadintra-campus

computernetworks.TheNSFnetwork[C16]becameaconnectorforthousands

ofothernetworks.[C17]abackbonesystemthatinterconnectsnetworks,

Internetwasanamethatfit.SowccanseethattheInternetisthewiredinfrastructure(基

础设施)onwhichweb【Cl8】move.Itbeganasamilitarycommunication

system,whichexpandedintoagovernment-funded[C19]researchnetwork.

Today,theInternetisauser-financedsystemtyinginstitutionsofmanysortstogether

[C20]an"informationsuperhighway".

1、[Cl]

A、concise

B、radical

C、massive

D、trivial

标准答案:C

知识点解析:形容词辨义。根据后向表不补充说明的分词短语可知,州际高速公路

工程的规模远远超过人类在此之前完成的各项工程,比如巴拿马运河。由此可见,

州际高速公路工程规模浩大,所以本题选择C项massive”大规模的;宏伟的”。

concise意为“简明的,简要的“;radical意为“激进的;根本的“,trivial意为“琐碎

的,微不足道的“。这三个词都不能与后面的名词project搭配,而且无法和下文保

持一致,故均可以排除。

2、[C2]

A、behaviors

B、endeavors

C>inventions

D、elements

标准答案:B

知识点解析:名词辨义。空格处所在的句子为such...as...这样一个表示举

例说明的结构,后面给出的例子是“巴拿马运河”,这是人类付出艰辛努力才建成

的,所以本题选择B项endeavors"努力,尽力behavior意为”举止,行为“,

invention意为“发明,创造“,element意为“元素,成分工这三个名词都和后面提

到的“巴拿马运河”没有任何联系,故均可以排除。

3、[C3]

A^packed

B、stuck

C、suppressed

D、bound

标准答案:D

知识点解析:动词辨义。根据句意,州际高速公路可以将全国连接起来,所以D

项bound“连接”符合句意,为本题正确答案。A项packed意为“打包;塞满”,B项

stuck意为“刺;钉住”,C项suppressed意为“镇压,抑制”。这三个词都没有“连接”

的意思,故均可以排除。

4、[C4]

A、facilitated

B、modified

C、mobilized

D、terminated

标准答案:A

知识点解析:动词辨义。根据前一句提到的“州际高速公路可以将全国连接起来”,

再结合常识可知,此举能够促进经济的发展,所以选择A项facilitated"推动,促

进”。B项modified意为“改良,修改”,C项mobilized意为“移动,调动”,D项

terminated意为“停止,结束这三个动词都不能和后面的宾语economicgrowth搭

配,故均可以排除。

5、[C5]

A、competitive

comparative

C^exclusive

D、expensive

标准答案:D

知识点解析:形容词辨义。句中by引导的短语表示促进经济发展的方式。这里是

指通过降低商业成本推动经济的巨大发展,所以选择D项expensive“昂贵的”。

competitive意为“竞争的",comparative意为”比较的;相对的",exclusive意为“排

外的,独占的这三个词均不符合句意,故均可以排除。

6、(C61

A^merges

B>connects

C、relays

D^unifies

标准答案:B

知识点解析:动词辨义。句中的破折号表示解释说明,指出信息高速公路实际上是

电子网络,而网络的基本功能就是连接,而且空格后是由多个名词组成的宾语,所

以选择B项connects“连接,联合A项merges意为“合并”,C项relays意为“接

替,转播“,D项unifies意为“统一,使一致”。这三个动词都没有“连接”的意思,

故均可以排除。

7、[C7]

A、figures

B、personalities

C、individuals

D、humans

标准答案:C

知识点解析:名词辨义。四个选项都与“人''有关,但是与前面几个表示机构的名词

libraries,corporations,govemmenlagencies等相对应的只有individuals”个人,个

体”.故本题的正确答案为C项°figu心意为“数字:人物:体态",personalitie*意

为“个性,人格”,humans意为“人,人类”。这三个名词虽然与“人”有关,但是不能

与句中的众多机构对应,故均可以排除。

8、[C8]

A、and

B、yet

C^or

D、while

标准答案:A

知识点解析:逻辑关系。根据句意,空格前面的意思为“这条信息高速公路被称为

互联网”,后面的意思为“它是万维网的主干“,两个句子之间是并列关系,所以选

择A项and。ye[意为“然而,但是",表示转折意义;or意为“或者”,虽然表示并

列关系,但是强调选择意义;while意为“然而”,表示转折关系。

D项。their和Ihal均不能引导非限制性定语从句,因此可以排除;when引导定语

从句时,其先行词一般为表示时间的名词或短语,而且when在定语从句中作状

语,因此也可排除。

13、[C13]

A、expanded

B、contracted

C、attracted

D^extended

标准答案:C

知识点解析:动词辨义。根据上下文可以得出句意为:这种新的NSF网络吸引了

越来越多的机构用户。而且所选择的动词需要能够和后面的宾语users搭配,所以

选择C项attracted"吸引“,attractedusers意为“吸引客户A项expanded意为“扩

张”,B项conlracied意为“签约;缩小”,D项exlended意为“延伸,伸展”。这三个

动词都不能和后面的名词users搭配,故均可以排除。

14、[CI4]

A、what

B、which

C、these

D、them

标准答案:B

知识点解析:语法结构。由于两个句子之间没有连词连接,所以根据句意可以推断

后一个句子是定语从句,修饰前面的名词短语insiiiutionalusers。由于空格处在定

语从句中作介词。f的宾语,所以本题答案为B项which。what不能引导定语从

句,所以排除;因为两个句子中间没有连词,所以后面的句子不是独立句,空格处

不能使用代词,所以可以排除ihese和[hem。

15、[C15]

A、joined

B、attached

C^participated

D、involved

标准答案:A

知识点解析:动词辨义。空格处为所在定语从句的谓语动词,而且后面直接跟

network作宾语,说明应该为及物动词,而且具有“连接''的意思。四个选项中只有

A项joined符合要求,为本题正确答案。attach意为“贴上,附加”,常用结构为

attach…to…或beattachedto;participate意为“参与,参加”,常用结构为:

participatein;involve意为”牵涉,卷入”,常用结构为beinvolvedin。这三个动词

都必须先接介词,再接名词作宾语,所以均可以排除。

16、[C16]

A、moreover

however

C、likewise

D、then

标准答案:D

知识点解析:副词辨义。上句提到,连接到NSF网络上的大多数大学都拥有校园

内部的计算机网络。本句承接上句的意思,NSF网络就成为连接成千上万个其他

网络的网络。所以使用表示承接关系的副词then符合句意,D项为本题正确答

案°moreover意为"而且,此外",表示递进关系;however意为“然而,可是”,表

示转折关系;likewise意为“同样地”,表示类比关系。这三个副词均不能表示承接

关系,所以均可以排除。

17、[C17]

A、With

By

C、In

D、As

标准答案:D

知识点解析:介词辨义。根据句意,作为连接众多网络的主干系统,互联网囚此得

名。四个选项中有“作为”之意的介词只有D项As,所以D项为本题正确答案。

18、[C18]

A、contexts

B、signs

C>messages

D、leaflets

标准答案:C

知识点解析:名词辨义。根据常识和句意,在互联网卜传递的是信息,换句话说,

信息在互联网上流动,所以空格处需要填入表示“信息''的名词,故C项messages

为本题正确答案。context意为“上下文”,sign意为“标记,符号",leaflet意为“传

单”。这三个名词表达的事物都不能在互联网上传递,因此均可以排除。

19、[C19]

A、citizen

civilian

C、amateur

D、resident

标准答案:B

知识点解析:形容词辨义。空格所在的定语从句与前面的主句形成明显的对比,互

联网最初用于军事通信系统,后来扩展成为政府资助的民用研究网络。与

military"军事的,军用的”相对的是civilian"民用的,民间的”,所以B项为本题正

确答案。citizen意为“市民,公民”,amateur意为”业余的,外行的”,resident意为

“居住的,常驻的这三个词都不能与military形成对比,故均可以排除。

20、[C20]

A、into

B、amid

C^over

D、toward

标准答案:A

知识点解析:介词辨义。空格处前面提到,、互联网将各种各样的机构连接在一起”,

空格后面则提到“一条信息高速公路”。从句意看,后者是前者产生的结果。四个介

词中只有into能够表达“形成”这个意思,所以本题正确答案为A项。amid意为

“在……中”,over意为“在……之上,越过“,toward意为“朝,向”。这三个词均不

符合题意。

二、阅读(常规阅读理解)(本题共20题,每题1.0

分,共20分。)

Somedayastrangerwillreadyoure-mailwithoutyourpermissionorscantheWebsite

you'vevisited.Orperhapssomeonewillcasuallyglancethroughyourcreditcard

purchasesorcellphonebillstofindoutyourshoppingpreferencesorcallinghabits.In

fact,it'slikelysomeofthesethingshavealreadyhappenedtoyou.Whowouldwatchyou

withoutyourpermission?Itmightbeaspouse,agirlfriend,amarketingcompany,a

boss,acoporacriminal.Whoeveritis,theywillseeyouinawayyouneverintendedto

beseen—the21stcenturyequivalentofbeingcaughtnaked.Psychologiststellus

boundariesarchealthy,thatit'simportanttorevealyourselftofriends,familyandlovers

instages,atappropriatetimes.Butfewboundariesremain.Thedigitalbreadcrumbs]碎

屑)youleaveeverywheremakeiteasyforstrangerstoreconstructwhoyouare,where

youareandwhatyoulike.Insomecases,asimpleGooglesearchcanrevealwhatyou

think.Likeitornot,increasinglyweliveinaworldwhereyousimplycannotkeepa

secret.Thekeyquestionis:Doesthatmatter?FormanyAmericans,theanswer

apparentlyis"no."WhenopinionpollsaskAmericansaboutprivacy,mostsaytheyare

concernedaboutlosingit.Asurveyfoundanoverwhelmingpessimismaboutprivacy,

with60percentofrespondentssayingtheyfeeltheirprivacyisnslippingaway,andthat

bothersme.Butpeoplesayonethinganddoanother.OnlyatinyfractionofAmericans

changeanybehaviorsinanefforttopreservetheirprivacy.Fewpeopleturndowna

discountattollbooths(收费站)toavoidusingtheEZ-Passsystemthatcantrack

automobilemovements.Andfewturndownsupermarketloyaltycards.Privacy

economistAlessandroAcauistihasrunaseriesofteststhatrevealpeoplewillsurrender

personalinformationlikeSocialSecuritynumbersjusttogettheirhandsonapitiful50-

ccnts-offcoupon(优惠卷Butprivacydocsmatter-atleastsometimes.It'slike

health:Whenyouhaveit,youdon'tnoticeit.Onlywhenit'sgonedoyouwishyou'd

donemoretoprotectit.

21、Whatdoestheauthormeanbysaying"the21stcenturyequivalentofbeingcaught

naked"(Lines3〜4,Para.2)?

A^People'spersonalinformationiseasilyaccessedwithouttheirknowledge.

B、Inthe21stcenturypeopletryeverymeanstolookintoothers'secrets.

C、Peopletendtobemorefrankwitheachotherintheinformationage.

D、Criminalsareeasilycaughtonthespotwithadvancedtechnology.

标准答案:A-

知识点解析:语义题。根据第二段,我们得知有人会在未经允许的情况下窃取我们

的个人信息、,如第一段所说的电子邮件、网址、购物喜好及打电话习惯等,我们的

个人信息赤裸裸地暴露给别人,毫无遮掩。A项为正确答案,A项中的iseasily

accessedwithouttheirknowledge同义于原文中的watchyouwithoutyour

permissiono

22>Whatwouldpsychologistsadviseontherelationshipsbetweenfriends?

A、Friendsshouldopentheirheartstoeachother.

B、Friendsshouldalwaysbefaithfultoeachother.

C、Thereshouldbeadistanceevenbetweenfriends.

D、Thereshouldbefewerdisputesbetweenfriends.

标准答案;C

知识点解析:细节题。根据题干中的关键词psychologisls、friends定位到第三段第

一句。该句提到,心理学家告诉我们,有边界是健康的。在某些阶段,某个合适的

时间,向朋友、家人和爱人展现自己很重要。也就是说,即使朋友之间也应保持一

定的距离,故C项为正确答案。C项中的distance同义于原文中的boundaryo

23、Whydoestheauthorsay"weliveinaworldwhereyousimplycannotkeepasecret"

(Line5,Para.3)?

A^Modernsocietyhasfinallyevolvedintoanopensociety.

B、Peopleleavetracesaroundwhenusingmoderntechnology.

C^Therearealwayspeoplewhoarecuriousaboutothers*affairs.

D、Manysearchenginesprofitbyrevealingpeople'sidentities.

标准答案:B

知识点解析:细节题。第三段第三句话指出,我们在使用高科技时所留下的点滴信

息都会为陌生人了解我们提供线索。例如谷歌搜索就会泄露我们的想法。因此进一

步得出结论:我们正生活在一个连保守秘密都很困难的世界里,故B项为正确答

案。B项中的traces同义于原文中的digitalbreadcrumbs所暗示的意思。

24、WhatdomostAmericansdowithregardtoprivacyprotection?

A、Theychangebehaviorsthatmightdisclosetheiridentity.

B、Theyusevariousloyaltycardsforbusinesstransactions.

C、Theyrelymoreandmoreonelectronicdevices.

D、Theytalkalotbuthardlydoanythingaboutit.

标准答案:D

知识点解析:细节题。本题是关于美国人对隐私泄露的态度。第六段通过一项调查

来描述美国人的态度:大部分美国人对隐私泄露很在意,接着第七段首句转折指出

美国人说一套做一套:只有一小部分美国人会通过改变自己的行为方式来保护自己

的隐私,故D项为正确答案。

25、Accordingtothepassage,privacyislikehealthinthat.

A、peoplewillmakeeveryefforttokeepit

B、itsimportanceisrarelyunderstood

C、itissomethingthatcaneasilybelost

D、peopledon'tcherishituntiltheyloseit

标准答案:D

知识点解析:细节题。本题是关于隐私与健康的相似之处,从而定位到末段。末段

提到,隐私就像健康,当你拥有时并不会注意到,而当你失去时,才会后悔当初没

有为保护它而做些什么。故D项为正确答案。

Sustainabledevelopmentisappliedtojustabouteverythingfromenergytocleanwater

andeconomicgrowth,andasaresultithasbecomedifficulttoquestioneitherthebasic

assumptionsbehinditor(hewaytheconceptisputtouse.Thisisespeciallytruein

agriculture,wheresustainabledevelopmentisoftentakenasthesolemeasureofprogress

withoutaproperappreciationofhistoricalandculturalperspectives.Tostartwith,itis

importanttorememberthatthenatureofagriculturehaschangedmarkedlythroughout

history,andwillcontinuetodoso.MedievalagricultureinnorthernEuropefed,clothed

andshelteredapredominantlyruralsocietywithamuchlowerpopulationdensitythanit

istoday.Ithadminimaleffectonbiodiversity,andanypollutionitcausedwastypically

localized.Intermsofenergyuseandthenutrients(营养成分)capturedintheproductit

wasrelativelyinefficient.Contrastthiswithfarmingsincethestartoftheindustrial

revolution.Competitionfromoverseasledfarmerstospecializeandincreaseyields.

Throughoutthisperiodfoodbecamecheaper,saferandmorereliable.However,these

changeshavealsoledtohabitat(栖息地)lossandtodiminishingbiodiversity.What's

more,demandforanimalproductsindevelopingcountriesisgrowingsofastthatmeeting

itwillrequireanextra300milliontonsofgrainayearby2050.Yetthegrowthofcities

andindustryisreducingtheamountofwateravailableforagricultureinmanyregions.

Allthismeansthatagricultureinthe21stcenturywillhavetobeverydifferentfromhow

itwasinthe20th.Thiswillrequireradicalthinking.Forexample,weneedtomoveaway

fromtheideathattraditionalpracticesareinevitablymoresustainablethannewones.We

alsoneedtoabandonthenotionthatagriculturecanbe"zeroimpact0.Thekeywillbeto

abandontherathersimpleandstaticmeasuresofsustainability,whichcentreontheneed

tomaintainproductionwithoutincreasingdamage.Insteadweneedamoredynamic

interrelation,onethatlooksattheprosandcons(正反两方面)ofallthevariousways

landisused.Therearemanydifferentwaystomeasureagriculturalperformancebesides

foodyield;energyuse,environmentalcosts,waterpurity,carbonfootprintand

biodiversity.Itisclear,forexample,thatthecarbonoftransportingtomatoesfromSpain

totheUKislessthanthatofproducingthemintheUKwithadditionalheatingand

lighting.Butwedonotknowwhetherlowercarbonfootprintswillalwaysbebetterfor

biodiversity.Whatiscrucialisrecognizingthatsustainableagricultureisnotjustabout

sustainablefoodproduction.

26、Howdopeopleoftenmeasureprogressinagriculture?

A、Byitsproductivity.

B、Byitssustainability.

C、Byitsimpactontheenvironment.

D、Byitscontributiontoeconomicgrowth.

标准答案:B

知识点解析:细节题。眼据题于关键词measureprogress定位在第一段末尾:

sustainabledevelopmentisoftentakenasthesolemeasureotprogress(可持续发展通常

是衡量进步的唯一标准)。B项中的sustainability是对原文的sustainable

development的同义转述,故B项为正确答案。

27、Specializationandtheefforttoincreaseyieldshaveresultedin.

A、localizedpollution

theshrinkingoffarmland

C、competitionfromoverseas

D、thedecreaseofbiodiversity

标准答案:D

知识点解析:细节题。艰据题干关键词specializationandtheefforttoincreaseyields

定位在第三段第二句:Competitionfromoverseasledfarmerstospecializeand

increaseyields(来自海外的竞争迫使农民转向专业化生产并提高产量)。该段第四句

提到农民这么做的负面结果:动物栖息地的丧失和生物多样性的减少。题干中

resultedin对应原文的ledto,D项中的由edecreaseofbiodiversity是对原文的

diminishingbiodiversity的同义转述,故D项为正确答案。

28、Whatdoestheauthorthinkoftraditionalfarmingpractices?

A、Theyhaveremainedihesameoverthecenturies.

Theyhavenotkeptpacewithpopulationgrowth.

C、Theyarenotnecessarilysustainable.

D、Theyareenvironmentallyfriendly.

标准答案:C

知识点解析:细节题。艰据题干关键词traditionalfarmingpractices定位在第五段第

三句。该句提到,我们不应再坚信传统的方法就一定比新方法更加具有可持续性。

由此可知,作者认为传统的耕作方式不一定就具有可持续性,故C项为正确答

案。

29、Whatwillagriculturebelikeinihe21stcentury?

A、Itwillgothroughradicalchanges.

B、Itwillsupplymoreanimalproducts.

C^Ilwillabandontraditionalfarmingpractices.

D、Itwillcausezerodamagetotheenvironment.

标准答案:A

知识点解析:推理题。艰据题干关键词inthe21stcentury定位在第五段。该段前两

句提到,21世纪的农业将与20世纪时截然不同,这就需要我们有激进变革的思维

方式(radicalthinking)«由此可推断出21世纪的农业将发生巨大的变化,故A项为

正确答案。

30、Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthispassage?

A、Toremindpeopleoftheneedofsustainabledevelopment.

B、Tosuggestwaysofensuringsustainablefoodproduction.

C、loadvancenewcriteriatormeasuringtanningprogress.

D、Tourgepeopletorethinkwhatsustainableagricultureis.

标准答案:D

知识点解析:主旨题。文章首先提到,在农业领域,可持续发展是衡量进步的唯一

标准,人们忽略了从历史文化的角度去合理评价它;接下来三段具体分析了人们是

如何忽略的;第五段至末段提出21世纪的农业将与以前的截然不同,要求人们改

变原有的农业方面的可夺续发展思想。由此可知,作者主要是为了让人们重新思考

什么是可持续发展的农业,故D项为正确答案。

WildBillDonovanwouldhavelovedtheInternet.TheAmericanspymasterwhobuiltthe

OfficeofStrategicServicesinWorldWarIIandlaterlaidtherootsfortheCIAwas

fascinated《更着迷)withinformation.Donovanbelievedinusingwhatevertoolscameto

handinthe"greatgame"ofespionage—spyingasa"profession".ThesedaystheNet,

whichhasalreadyre-madesucheverydaypastimesasbuyingbooksandsendingmail,is

reshapingDonovan'svocationaswell.Thelatestrevolutionisn'tsimplyamatterof

gentlemenreadingothergentlemen'se-mail.Thatkindofelectronicspyinghasbeen

goingonfordecades.Inthepastthreeorfouryears,theWorldWideWebhasgivenbirth

toawholeindustryofpoint-and-clickspying.Thespooks(间谍)callit"open-source

intelligence",andastheNetgrows,itisbecomingincreasinglyinfluential.In1995the

CIAheldacontesttoseewhocouldcompilethemostdataaboutBurundi.Thewinner,

byalargemargin,wasatinyVirginiacompanycalledOpenSourceSolutions,whose

clearadvantagewasilsmasteryoftheelectronicworld.Amongthefirmsmakingthe

biggestsplashinthisnewworldisStraitford,Inc.,aprivateintelligence-analysisfirm

basedinAustin,Texas.Straitfordmakesmoneybysellingtheresultsofspying(covering

nationsfromChiletoRussia)tocorporationslikeenergy-servicesfirmMcDermott

International.Manyofitspredictionsarcavailableonlineatwww.straitford.com.

StraifordpresidentGeorgeFriedmansaysheseestheonlineworldasakindofmutually

reinforcingtoolforbothinformationcollectionanddistribution,aspymaster'sdream.

Lastweekhisfirmwasbusyvacuumingupdatabitsfromthefarcornersoftheworld

andpredictingacrisisinUkraine."Assoonasthatreportruns,we'llsuddenlyget500

newInternetsign-upsfromUkraine,1'saysFriedman,aformerpoliticalscienceprofessor.

"Andwellhearbackfromsomeofthem."Open-sourcespyingdoeshaveitsrisks,of

course,sinceitcanbedifficulttotellgoodinformationfrombad.That'swhereStraitford

earnsitskeep.Friedmanrelicsonaleanstaffof20inAustin.Severalofhisstaff

membershavemilitary-intelligencebackgrounds.Heseesthefirm'soutsiderstatusasthe

keytoitssuccess.Straitford'sbriefsdon'tsoundliketheusualWashingtonback-and-

forthing,wherebyagenciesavoiddramaticdeclarationsonthechancetheymightbe

wrong.Straitford,saysFriedman,takesprideinitsindependentvoice.

31TheemergenceoftheNethas.

A、receivedsupportfromfanslikeDonovan

B、remoldedtheintelligenceservices

C^restoredmanycommonpastimes

D^revivedspyingasaprofession

标准答案:B

知识点解析:细节题。第一段最后一句提到,互联网己经改变了购书和寄信这样的

日常活动,如今也正在改变Donovan所从事的职业。根据上文可知,Donovan所从

事的职业就是intelligenceservices(情报工作),reshape与remold都表示“改造”的意

思,故B项为正确答案。

32、Donovan'sstoryismentionedinthetextto.

A、introducethetopicofonlinespying

B、showhowhefoughtfortheU.S.

C^giveanepisodeoftheinformationwar

D、honorhisuniqueservicestotheCIA

标准答案:A

知识点解析:细节题。文章只在第一段提到Donovan,其余部分都在讨论互联网时

代情报工作的巨大变化。在篇首对Donoran的介绍只是一个引子,目的是为了引出

网络谍报这个话题,故A项为正确答案。

33、Thephrase"makingthebiggestsplash"(Para.3)mostprobablymeans.

A、causingthebiggesttrouble

B、exertingthegreatesteffort

C、achievingthegreatestsuccess

D、enjoyingthewidestpopularity

标准答案:C

知识点解析:词汇题。文章第二段末提到,在中央情报局举办的一个竞赛中,以绝

对优势赢得比赛的公司的明显优势是它对电子世界的精通。接着第三段首句提到了

电子领域的另一家公司(Straiford公司),句中makethebiggestsplash被用来描述该

公司在电子领域里的现状。第五段第三句(Heseesthefirm'soutsiderstatusasthekey

toitssuccess.)暗示该公司已经取得了成功。由此可推知makethebiggestsplash在

文中表示“取得最大的成功'’的意思,故C项为正确答案。

34、Ilcanbelearnedfiumpaiagiapli4dial.

A、Straitfbrd'spredictionaboutUkrainehasprovedtrue

B、Straitfordguaranteesthetruthfulnessofitsinformation

C、Straitfbrd'sbusinessischaracterizedbyunpredictability

D、Straitfordisabletoprovidefairlyreliableinformation

标准答案:D

知识点解析:推理题。第四段的最后两句提到,开放资源的谍报活动有风险,因为

很难区分情报的真伪,而这正是Straitford公司挣钱的地方。由此可见,辨别情报

的真伪是该公司的强项,故D项为正确答案。

35、Straitfordismostproudofits.

A、officialstatus

B、nonconformistimage

C、efficientstaff

D、militarybackground

标准答案:B

知识点解析:细节题。最后一段最后一句提到,Straiford公司为其独立的声音而感

到自豪。由最后一段可知,Straiford公司具有“局外人”的地位,不对官方的论调随

声附和,可以独立地宣祢自己的主张,因此它给人的印象是“不随大流的“,这也就

是它引以为豪的地方,故B项为正确答案。

Couldthebadolddaysofeconomicdeclinebeabouttoreturn?SinceOPECagreedto

supply-cutsinMarch,thepriceofcrudeoilhasjumpedtoalmost$26abarrel,upfrom

lessthan$10lastDecember.Thisnear-triplingofoilpricescallsupscary(可怕的)

memoriesofthe1973oilshock,whenpricesquadrupled(成四倍),and1979—1980,

whentheyalsoalmosttripled.Bothpreviousshocksresultedindouble-digitinflationand

globaleconomicdecline.Sowherearetheheadlineswarningofgloomanddoomthis

time?TheoilpricewasgivenanotherpushupthisweekwhenIraqsuspendedoilexports.

Strengtheningeconomicgrowth,atthesametimeaswintergripsthenorthern

hemisphere,couldpushthepricehigherstillintheshortterm.Yettherearegoodreasons

toexpecttheeconomicconsequencesnowtobelessseverethaninthe1970s.Inmost

countriesthecostofcrudeoilnowaccountsforasmallershareofthepriceofpetrolthan

itdidinthe1970s.InEurope,taxesaccountfbruptofour-fifthsoftheretailprice,so

evenquitebigchangesinthepriceofcrudehaveamoremuted(温和的)effectonpump

pricesthaninthepast.Richeconomiesarealsolessdependentonoilthantheywere.and

solesssensitivetoswings(摆动)intheoilprice.Energyconservation(节约),ashiftto

otherfuelsandadeclineintheimportanceofheavy,energy-intensiveindustrieshave

reducedoilconsumption.Software,consultancyandmobiletelephonesusefarlessoil

thansteelorcarproduction.ForeachdollarofGDP(inconstantprices)richeconomies

nowusenearly50%lessoilthanin1973.TheOECDestimatesinitslatestEconomic

Outlookthat,ifoilpricesaveraged$22abarrelforafullyear,comparedwith$13in

1998,thiswouldincreasetheoilimportbillinricheconomiesbyonly0.25%-0.5%of

GDP.Thatislessthanone-quarteroftheincomelossin1974or1980.Oniheotherhand,

oil-importingemergingeconomies—towhichheavyindustryhasshifted—have

becomemoreenergy-intensive,andsocouldbemoreseriouslysqueezed.Onemore

reasonnottolosesleepovertheriseinoilpricesisthat,unliketherisesinthe1970s,it

hasnotoccurredagainstthebackgroundofgeneralcommodity-priceinflationandglobal

excessdemand.Asizableportionoftheworldisonlyjustemergingfromeconomic

decline.TheEconomist'scommoditypriceindexisbroadlyunchangingfromayearago.

In1973commoditypricesjumpedby70%,andin1979byalmost30%.

36、Themainreasonforthelatestriseofoilpriceis.

A、globalinflation

B、reductioninsupply

C、fastgrowthineconomy

D、Iraq'ssuspensionofexports

标准答案:B

知识点解析:细节题。本题的答题依据是第一段第二句话:SinceOPECagreedto

supply-cutsinMarch,thepriceofcrudeoilhasjumpedtoalmost$26abarrel,up

fromlessthan$10IasiDecember(自从石油输出国组织在3月决定减少原油供应以

来,原油的价格己从去年12月的不到10美元一桶上涨到约26美元一桶)。由此可

知,B项为正确答案。

37、Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthattheretailpriceofpetrolwillgoupdramatically

if.

A、priceofcruderises

commoditypricesrise

C、consumptionrises

D^oiltaxesrise

标准答案:D

知识点解析:推理题。本题的答题依据在第三段。该段指出,原油价格只占汽油零

售价格的一小部分,其大部分是税收,因此原油价格的变动对汽油价格影响不大。

由此可推知,影响汽油价格的主要因素是税收,D项为正确答案。

38、TheestimatesinEconomicOutlookshowthatinrichcountries.

A、heavyindustrybecomesmoreenergy-intensive

B、incomelossmainlyresultsfromfluctuatingcrudeoilprices

C、manufacturingindustryhasbeenseriouslysqueezed

D、oilpricechangeshavenosignificantimpactonGDP

标准答案:D

知识点解析:推理题。第四段第五句提到,国际经合组织在最近一期的《经济展

望》中估计,如果油价持续一年维持在22美元左右,与1998年的13美元一桶相

比,这也只会使发达国家的石油进口在支出上增加GDP的0.25%〜0.5%。可

见,石油价格的变化对GDP的影响不大,D项为正确答案。

39、Wecandrawaconclusionfromthetextthat.

A、uil-piiucshucksaiclessshockinguuvv

B、inflationseemsirrelevanttooil-priceshocks

C、energyconservationcankeepdowntheoilprices

D、thepriceriseofcrudeleadstotheshrinkingofheavyindustry

标准答案:A

知识点解析:推理题。第三段首句指出,我们有充分的理由预期这次涨价所带来的

经济影响不会很严重。然后在第三、四、五段阐述了三点理由:(1)原油价格只占

汽油价格的一小部分;(2)发达国家对石油的依赖性不如从前;(3)此次汕价上涨并

不在商品价格总体上涨和全球需求过旺的背景下发生。由此可知,A项为正确答

案。

40>Fromthetextwecanseethatthewriterseems.

A、optimistic

B、sensitive

C、gloomy

D、scared

标准答案:A

知识点解析:态度题。第三段首句指出,我们有充分的理由预期这次油价上涨所带

来的经济影响不会很严重。接着作者详细阐述了油价上涨的后果不严重的三煮理

由。由此可见,作者的态度是乐观的,A项为正确答案。

三、阅读(补全短文)(本题共5题,每题1.0分,共

5分。)

Asayoungbondtrader.Buttonwoodwasgiventwopiecesofadvice,tradingrulesof

thumb,ifyouwill:thatbadeconomicnewsisgoodnewsforbondmarketsandthatevery

utterancedroppingfromthelipsofPaulVolcker,thethenchairmanoftheFederal

Reserve,andthemanwhorestoredthecentralbank'scredibilitybystompingonrunaway

inflation,shouldberespectedthanPope'sorders.Today'stradersare,ofcourse,amore

sophisticatedbunch.Buttheadvicestillseemsgood,apartfromtwoslightdrawbacks.

Thefirstisthatthewell-chosenutterancesfromthepresentchairmanoftheFederal

Reserve,AlanGreenspan,isofmorethanpassingdifficulty.Thesecondisthat,oflate,

goodnewsfortheeconomyhasnotseemedtoupsetbondinvestorsallthatmuch.Ferall

thecheerthathascrackleddownthewires,theyieldonten-yearbonds—whichyou

wouldexpecttoriseongoodeconomicnews-isnow,at4.2%,onlytwo-fifthsofa

percentagepointhigherthanitwasatthestartoftheyear.Prettymuchunmoved,inother

words.Yetthenewsfromtheeconomicfronthasbeenbetterbyfarthananyonecould

haveexpected.OnTuesdayNovember25th,revisednumbersshowedthatAmerica's

economygrewbyanannual8.2%inthethirdquarter,afullpercentagepointmorethan

originallythought,drivenbytheever-spendthriftAmericanconsumerand,foronce,

corporateinvestment.Justabouteveryotherpieceofinformationcomingoutfrom

specialsourcesshowsthesamestrength.Newhousesarestillbeingbuiltatafairclip.

Exportsarerising,foralltheprotectionistcrying.Evenemployment,inwhathadbeen

mockedasajoblessrecovery,increasedby125000orthereaboutsinSeptemberand

October.Risingcorporateprofits,lowcreditspreadsandthebiggcst-cvcrrallyinthe

junk-bondmarketdonot,onthefaceofit,suggestanythingotherthanadeepandlong-

lastingrecovery.YetTreasury-bondyieldshavefallen.Iftherosyeconomicbackdrop

makesthisodd,makingitdoublyoddisanapparentabsenceofforeigndemand.Foreign

buyersofTreasuries,especiallyAsiancentralbanks,whohadbeenswallowingAmerican

governmentdebtliketherewasnotomorrow,seemtohavehadsecondthoughtslately.In

S

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