综合英语3词汇合编

Unit11OnBecomingaBetterStudent

WordsandExpressions

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1.repositoryn.存放处，储藏室

aplacewherethingsarestored

2.partakev.参与，分享，分担

(oftenhumorous)eatordrink,esp.sth.offered

Inthepassage,4tpartake''isfiguratively(象征性地，隐喻地)usedtomean“todrawonoruseas

onewishes(theteachers,repositoriesofskillandknowledge)”

e.g.—Wouldyoucaretopartakeofalittlewinewithus?

-No,thankyou.Idon'tpartake.(=don'tdrinkalcohol)

Comparison:partakeof&partakein

partakeof:吃

e.g.Grandmotherlikestopartakeofasmallglassofsherrybeforelunch.

partakein:参力口

e.g.awoman'sfundamentalrighttopartakeinclubaffairs

3.atwill随意，任意

(formal)asonewishes

e.g.Youcanusemycaratwill(=anytimeyouwantto).

Comparison:atwill&v/ithawill

atwill:dosth.atwillistodoitasonewishes.

withawill:dosth.withawillistodoitenergeticallyandwitheagerinterest.

e.g.Theyworkedwithawillandhadclearedapathby9.00a.m.

4.weighteda.加重的，加权的，衡量过的

beweightedwithcare心事重重

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5.embodyv.表现，象征

serveasasymbolorexpressionofanidea,quality,etc.

e.g.Tome,theyembodythebestofWallStreet.

6.disciplinen.纪律

/)training,esp.ofthemindandcharacter,aimedatproducingself-control,obedience,etc.

e.g.Anydiscipline—butespeciallythosewithgreatsubtletyandcomplexity,likeyogaort'ai

chi一canbealifelongpursuit.

2)thequalityofbeingabletobehaveinastrictlycontrolledwaywhichinvolvesobeying

particularrulesorstandards

e.g.Persistence,consistency,anddisciplinearerequired.

3)abranchofknowledge;asubjectofstudy

e.g.Ifwecanlookatourchosendisciplineorcraftasanongoingprocessratherthanasa

discreteaccomplishment,thepotentialforlearningcanbeinfinite.

Iamworkingforpeoplefromawiderangeofscientificdisciplines.

7.discretea.分离的，不相关联的

independentofotherthingsofthesametype

e.g.aseriesofdiscreteevents

Comparison:discrete&discreet

discrete:sth.(hatisseparateanddistinctisdiscrete

e.g.Thesesmallcompaniesnowhavetheirowndiscrete(=independent,separate)identity,

discreet:sb.whoisdiscreetiscarefulorshowinggoodjudgmentinwhatonesaysordocs;sth.

thatisdiscreetisnottooobvious

e.g.Wemustbeextremelydiscreet(=carefulinwhatwedoandsoy);thepolicesuspect

something.

8.mundanea.世俗的，平凡的

ordinaryanduninteresting,withnothingexcitingorunusualinit

mundanelife世俗生活

9.liveupto实践，做到，不辜负

behaveinaccordancewith(whatisexpected);achieveorkeep(highstandards)

e.g.Youdisappointedusbyfailingtoliveuptoyourprinciples.

10.relinquishv.交出，让给，放弃

giveup(power,position,claim,etc.)

11.approach

n.awayofdealingwithathingorperson

e.g.anewapproachtoforeignlanguageteaching

Kellyisalwaysverylogicalinherapproach(=thewayshedealswiththings).

Collocations:

approachtosth.:amethodofdoingsomethingordealingwithaproblem

e.g.Thisbooktakesanunorthodox(不正统的)approachtoartcrilicism.

theapproachofsth.:theapproachofaparticulartimeoreventisthefactthatitisgetting

closer

e.g.theapproachofautumn

v.begintoconsiderordealwith

e.g.Therearequiteafewwaysofapproachingtheproblem.

ImusttellherthatIcan'tgotoherweddingceremony,butIdon'tquiteknowhowto

approachthesubjeci.

12.precedencen.领先于，优先权

theconditionofbeingdealtwithbeforeotherthingsorofbeingconsideredmoreimportant(han

otherthings

e.g.Let'sdealwiththequestioninorderofprecedence(=theimportantonesfirst).

Derivations:

precede(v.):comeorgobeforesth.intime,order,rank,etc.

e.g.BillClintonprecededGorgeBushJr.aspresidentoftheUnitedStates.

precedent(〃.)：earlierdecision,case,event,etc.thatisregardedasanexampleorruleforwhat

comeslater

e.g.TheQueenhasbrokenwithprecedentbysendingherchildrentoordinaryschools,

precedented有先例可提的(〃.)：havingorsupportedbyaprecedent

e.g.ItwasadecisionnotprecedentedinEnglishlaw

unprecedented(a.)withoutprecedent;neverhavinghappened,beendoneorbeenknown

before

e.g.Thetwentiethcenturywitnessedenvironmentaldestructiononanunprecedentedscale(程

度).

13.priora.在前的，优先的

comingorplannedbefore

e.g.Shewasunabletoattendthereception(接待)becauseofapriorengagement.

Collocation:

priorto:(finI.)before

e.g.Thecontractwillbesignedpriortotheceremony.

Derivation:

priority(〃.)

e.g.Thegovernmentgave(top)prioritytoreformingthelegalsystem.

14.pitfall/L陷阱，易犯的错误，意想不到的困难

amistakethatmayeasilybemade

e.g.Canforwardplanninghelpavoidstressfulpitfalls?

15.complacencyn.自满，自鸣得意

(disapproving)afeelingofcalmsatisfactionwithonesownabilitiesorsituationthatprevents

onefromtryingharder

e.g.Whaiworriestheprincipalaboutthesesiudenisisiheircomplacency-theyseemiohave

nodesiretoexpandtheirhorizons.

Derivation:

complacent(a.)自满的

e.g.Idislikehiscomplacentattilude/smile.

16.strainv.尽量利用，用尽全力n.负担

t/y(too)hard;make(too)greatefforts

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17.correspondencen.信件联系，信函

theactofexchangingletters;thelettersexchangedbetweenpeople

e.g.Theauthoressseldommentionsherrenownedhusbandinhercorrespondence.

Collocation:

take/doacorrespondencecourse(=acourseoflessonsinwhichinfonnationandworkare

exchangedbypost)

Derivation:

correspondent(〃.)：

①apersonwithwhomanotherpersonexchangeslettersregularly

②anewspaperortelevisionreporter,especiallyonewhospecializesinaparticulartypeofnews

e.g.awar/diplomatic/health/environmentcorrespondent

18.cumulativea.累积的，逐增的

(alsoaccumulative')increasingsteadilyinamountordegreebyoneaddition

afteranother

e.g.Thecumulativeeffectofusingsomanychemicalsonthelandcouldbe

disastrous.

19.pertinenta.用关的，中肯的

relevant;tothepoint

20.scathinga.严厉的，尖刻的，不留情的

(ofspeechorwriting)bitterlycruelinjudgment

21.badgerv.纠缠不休,吵着要

repeatedlytellsb.todosth.orasksb.questions

e.g.Thelittlegirlbadgeredherfatherintobuyingherapony.

VocabularyExercises

HI.WordDerivation

1.substance〃.物质，主旨，实质-substantiala,—>substantialityn,

你处理这些危险品时•，可要当心。

Bewareofwhatyoudowiththosedangeroussubstances.

她在讨论中做了大量工作。

Hercontributiontothediscussionwassubstantial.

实体论

thetheoryofsubstantiality

2.motivatev.刺激，使有动机—>motivation〃.动机，诱因->motive动机，目的

调动别人积极性的唯一方法是与他们交流。

Theonlywayyoucanmotivatepeopleistocommunicatewiththem.

你想当老师的动机是什么？

Whatwasyourmotivationforbecomingateacher?

警方已排除该谋杀案中有抢劫的动机。

Thepolicehaveexcludedrobberyasamotiveforthemurder.

3.commitmentit.—>commitv.—>committed。.忠诚的,坚定的

本公司承诺保证质量和顾客的服务。

Ourcompanyhasacommitmenttoqualityandcustomerservice.

他没有作任何承诺。

Hedidn'tcommithimselftoanything.

他们是忠诚的社会主义者。

Theyarecommittedsocialists.

4.restrictivea.限制性的，约束性的一>restrictv.—>restrictionn.

许多成员认为规定限制性太强。

Manymembersthoughttherulesweretoorestrictive.

政府在限制进口的措施中提高了关税。

Inamovetorestrictimports,thegovernmentraisedcustomduties.

这个游泳俱乐部对邻近地区的家庭开放，不受限制。

Theswimmingclubisopentofamiliesintheneighborhoodwithoutrestriction.

5.subtlety〃.微妙，精明一》subtlea.微妙的滩以捉摸的->subtlyad.隐隐约约地

语言的一些细微之处无法通过翻译传达。

Someof(hesubtletiesofthelanguagearelostintranslation.

光线暗淡有助于人们松池精神。

Subtlelightinghelpspeoplerelax.

他们对我的态度发生了微妙的变化。

Theirattitudetomealteredsubtly.

6.thrillv.—>thrillinga.—thriller〃.使人毛骨悚然的东西

我们听到你的好消息非常兴奋。

Wcwerethrilledtohearyourwonderfulnews.

不容怀疑，这是一种壮烈的情感。

Itwasathrillingsentiment,nodoubt.

我们的新系列惊险故事于今晚7时30分开始播出。

Ournewserialthrillerbeginsat7:30thisevening.

7.complacency/i.—>complacencen.—>complacenta.

我们不能自满，必须继续努力改进。

There'snoroomforcomplacency;wemustcontinuetotrytoimprove.

许多人，甚至高级官员都沉醉于自信科学能解决任何问题。

Manypeople,eveninhighoffice,restinthebalmycomplacenceofassurancethatsciencecan

solveeverything.

我们绝不能满足于自己的成绩，还有很多事情要做。

Wemustnotbecomplacentaboutourachievements;thereisstillalottobedone.

8.precedencen.—►precedev.—>precedentn.范例冼例—unprecedenteda.

这一工作必须先做，其他一切后做。

Thistaskmustbegivenprecedenceoverallothers.

他演讲前先对来宾表示欢迎。

Heprecededhisspeechwithawelcometotheguests.

女王破例让自己的孩子去普通学校就读。

TheQueenhasbrokenwithprecedentbysendingherchildrentoordinaryschools.

中国工业正以空前的速度发展。

China'sindustryisdevelopingatanunprecedentedrate.

Sentences:Paraphrase&Translation

1.Wemayevenhaveexpectationsthattheybeendlessrepositoriesofskillandknowledgefrom

whichwemaypartakeatwill.(Paragraph1)

Translation:

2.AsateacherIhavecometofeelweightedbytheseexpectationsandhavebeguntoseethatit

isreallynoipossibleio(each.(Paragraph2)

Paraphrase:

3.Allthewordsandtheoriesandtechniquesareofnousetostudentswhohaveyettoopen

themselveswithreceptivityandtotakeituponthemselvestopractice.(Paragraph2)

Paraphrase:

4.Itisnotknowinginthesenseofhavingarigidopinion,buttheabilitytolookagainat

anothertime,inadifferentlight,asGyorgyisuggests,andtoformanewunderstandingbased

onthatobservation.(Paragraph4)

Paraphrase:

5.Thefruitoftheseseeminglydryqualities(whichweprefertoadmireinothers)isthe

satisfactionofhavingtastedthefullnessofcompletion,orthethrillofmeetingadifficult

challengewithsuccess.(Paragraph5)

Translation:

6.Beyondthewell-pavedroadsandsecurestructuresweusuallybuildforourselvesliedemons,

unsurefooting—andjnfeltpleasures.(Paragraph6)

Paraphrase: